A method of machining a guide disc

Abstract

The application discloses a guide disc machining method and relates to the field of thin-wall part machining, which comprises the following steps: obtaining a guide disc reverse deformation model based on guide disc standard part dimensions and guide disc deformation allowance; the guide disc deformation allowance comprises deformation amounts of a guide disc cylindrical radius dimension, a guide disc large opening end width and a guide disc large opening end opening angle; performing primary machining on a block based on the guide disc reverse deformation model to obtain a guide disc reverse deformation workpiece; installing a profiling jaw clamp to a machining device to clamp the guide disc reverse deformation workpiece; and performing secondary machining on the guide disc reverse deformation workpiece to remove the guide disc deformation allowance and obtain a guide disc standard part. The method solves the problem that guide disc workpieces are easily affected by cutting force and clamping force during a milling process in the prior art and are deformed due to stress concentration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thin-walled part processing, and specifically to a method for processing a guide plate. Background Technology

[0002] The guide disc is located at the breech of the gun barrel and is used as a loading guide. It is a complex-shaped, thin-walled part with flat front and rear ends, a cylindrical top surface, and a cylindrical groove on the inner wall. It is roughly trapezoidal in shape on the horizontal projection plane, and the left and right sides gradually change from outward to inverted curved surfaces in a trend of increasing size.

[0003] Because the guide plate has an irregular shape and is a thin-walled part, general-purpose fixtures are difficult to use effectively. Other options, such as flexible fixtures and conformal fixtures, are either unsuitable or too expensive, requiring online processes and significant procurement cycles. Therefore, it is necessary to independently explore low-cost clamping solutions based on actual production needs. Meanwhile, due to the limitations of the guide plate structure, the optimal choice for machining equipment is a vertical machining center with a fourth-axis rotary table. However, existing vertical machining centers with a fourth axis are overloaded with production tasks, and their limited capacity cannot meet the production schedule requirements. In contrast, existing CNC milling machines and vertical machining centers (without a fourth-axis rotary table) have significantly higher capacity. Therefore, machining the guide plate on CNC milling machines and vertical machining centers is extremely urgent. Furthermore, due to the large amount of material removed, the workpiece is in an inward-curving state after machining, requiring overcoming stress deformation, which further complicates the machining of the guide plate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method for machining a guide disk, which can solve the technical problem in the prior art where the guide disk workpiece is easily affected by cutting force and clamping force during milling, and deforms due to stress concentration.

[0005] This application provides a method for processing a guide plate, which includes: Based on the standard dimensions of the guide disk and the deformation margin of the guide disk, the inverse deformation model of the guide disk is obtained. The deformation margin of the guide disk includes the deformation of the cylindrical radius of the guide disk, the width of the large end of the guide disk, and the opening angle of the large end of the guide disk. Based on the guide disk anti-deformation model, the block material is processed once to obtain the guide disk anti-deformation workpiece; Install the contour jaw fixture onto the machining device to clamp the guide disc and reverse the deformation of the workpiece; The guide disk is subjected to secondary processing to remove the deformation allowance of the guide disk and obtain the standard guide disk part.

[0006] In one embodiment, obtaining the guide disk inverse deformation model based on the guide disk standard part dimensions and guide disk deformation margin further includes the following steps: Establish a standard 3D model of the guide disk based on the dimensions of the standard guide disk components; Obtain the deformation allowance of the guide plate; Based on the standard 3D model of the guide disk and the deformation margin of the guide disk, the inverse deformation model of the guide disk is obtained. In one implementation, obtaining the guide disk deformation margin specifically includes: The test block material was processed once and twice to obtain the deformed guide disc part; Based on the standard three-dimensional model of the guide disk and the deformable parts of the guide disk, the deformation margin of the guide disk is calculated.

[0007] In one implementation, the block material is processed once based on the guide disc anti-deformation model, specifically including: The block material is processed for its arc-shaped top surface and overall shape based on the guide disc anti-deformation model.

[0008] In one embodiment, secondary processing of the guide disc anti-deformation workpiece specifically includes: The guide disc anti-deformation workpiece is machined with grooves, concave cylindrical surfaces, and curved surface contours on both sides.

[0009] In one embodiment, the conformal jaw clamp includes: The first conforming jaw plate has an arc-shaped groove on its top surface to form a first clearance groove, which is used to accommodate the large end of the guide disc reverse-deformation workpiece. In addition, a second contour jaw plate is provided, the top surface of which is also provided with an arc-shaped groove to form a second clearance groove. The second clearance groove is used to accommodate the small end of the guide disc anti-deformation workpiece, and the height of the second contour jaw plate is lower than that of the first contour jaw plate.

[0010] In one embodiment, a first snap-fit ​​groove is formed on the top surface of the first conforming jaw plate at one end near the second conforming jaw plate. The first snap-fit ​​groove is connected to the first clearance groove, and the length of the first snap-fit ​​groove is less than the length of the first clearance groove, while the depth of the first snap-fit ​​groove is greater than the depth of the first clearance groove. The second conforming jaw plate has a second locking groove on the top surface near the end of the first conforming jaw plate. The second locking groove is connected to the second clearance groove, and the length of the second locking groove is less than the length of the second clearance groove, while the depth of the second locking groove is greater than the depth of the second clearance groove.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first conformal jaw plate has a first bolt hole, and a countersunk bolt is provided in the first bolt hole; The second conformal jaw plate has a second bolt hole, and a countersunk bolt is installed in the first bolt hole.

[0012] In one embodiment, the processing apparatus includes: The first vise is used to process the block material in one operation; And a second vise, wherein the contouring jaw clamp is mounted on the second vise, and the second vise is used for secondary processing of the guide disc reverse-deformed workpiece.

[0013] In one embodiment, the second vise includes: A fixed clamp, wherein the first contoured jaw plate is disposed on the fixed clamp; And, a movable clamp, on which the second contoured jaw plate is disposed.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include: By obtaining the guide disk anti-deformation model and performing primary machining based on it, a guide disk anti-deformation workpiece is obtained. At this point, the size of the guide disk anti-deformation workpiece is equal to the sum of the guide disk standard part size and the guide disk deformation allowance, thus providing deformation allowance for secondary machining. Therefore, in the subsequent secondary machining of the guide disk anti-deformation workpiece, the material reserved in the guide disk deformation allowance compared to the guide disk standard part is removed, and the deformation amount existing in the guide disk machining process is utilized to ensure that the guide disk deformation allowance can offset the additional deformation generated during milling, thereby obtaining the guide disk standard part. The overall machining process is divided into primary machining and secondary machining to offset the cutting deformation generated during cutting, thereby improving machining accuracy. At the same time, since the guide disk anti-deformation workpiece is a thin-walled component after machining, a contour jaw clamp is used to clamp the guide disk anti-deformation workpiece to better fit the irregular shape of the guide disk workpiece, reducing the clamping deformation that may occur to the guide disk anti-deformation workpiece during clamping. This solves the problem in the prior art where the guide disk workpiece is easily affected by cutting force and clamping force during milling, and deformation occurs due to stress concentration. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for processing a guide plate according to this application; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the contour jaw clamp in this application when it holds the guide disc and reverses the deformation of the workpiece; In the figure: 1. Guide plate anti-deformation workpiece; 2. First contour jaw plate; 21. First clearance groove; 211. First bolt hole; 3. Second contour jaw plate; 31. Second clearance groove; 311. Second bolt hole. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] This application provides a method for machining a guide disk, which can solve the problem in the prior art where the guide disk workpiece is easily deformed due to milling impact and clamping force during machining.

[0019] Reference Figure 1 This application discloses a method for processing a guide plate, comprising the following steps: S1: Based on the standard dimensions of the guide disk and the deformation margin of the guide disk, obtain the inverse deformation model of the guide disk; Specifically, refer to Figure 2 Because the guide disk workpiece is a thin-walled workpiece with a special shape, the top surface of the guide disk workpiece is part of a cylindrical surface, the inner wall is a cylindrical groove, and in the state shown in the figure, it is roughly trapezoidal in shape on the horizontal projection plane. The upper and lower sides have a guide disk large opening section and a guide disk small opening end in a trend from large to small. The guide disk workpiece as a whole is wide-mouthed, and the two side walls gradually turn outward towards the axis to become an inverted curved surface.

[0020] The guide disk workpiece has a relatively thin wall and an irregular shape. Therefore, during the machining of the thin-walled parts, it is easily deformed due to the influence of milling tools and clamping fixtures. The largest end of the guide disk—the cylindrical radius, the width of the large opening, and the opening angle—is most prone to deformation, and the deformation is most significant at these points. The smaller end of the guide disk has a shorter structure, so the shrinkage during machining is less, allowing its opening size and angle to remain unchanged. Therefore, the guide disk deformation allowance specifically includes the deformation of the cylindrical radius, the width of the large opening, and the opening angle of the large opening.

[0021] S101: Establish a standard three-dimensional model of the guide disk based on the dimensions of the standard guide disk parts; Based on the required dimensions of the guide disc standard parts, a standard 3D model of the guide disc is first created in 3D software to prepare for subsequent modeling.

[0022] S102: Obtain the deformation margin of the guide plate; Before the guide plate processing, the test block material is pre-processed with primary and secondary processing to obtain the deformed guide plate part. After obtaining the deformed guide plate part, the radius of the guide plate cylinder, the width of the guide plate large end, and the opening angle of the guide plate large end are detected. Comparative measurements are performed based on the standard three-dimensional model of the guide plate to finally obtain the magnitude and direction of the deformation of the guide plate cylinder radius, the width of the guide plate large end, and the opening angle of the guide plate large end. This determines the deformation margin of the guide plate, so that the deformation margin of the guide plate can be offset by the natural deformation of the guide plate workpiece after subsequent processing.

[0023] S103: Based on the standard three-dimensional model of the guide disk and the deformation margin of the guide disk, obtain the inverse deformation model of the guide disk; Since the guide disk workpiece is a thin-walled workpiece with a special shape, after obtaining its deformation margin, it is necessary to consider not only the changes of various values ​​of the guide disk workpiece, but also the direction of deformation. Therefore, it is necessary to build a guide disk inverse deformation model in 3D software so that the block material can be machined in the subsequent processing to obtain the guide disk inverse deformation workpiece 1, and further improve the manufacturing accuracy of the guide disk workpiece.

[0024] S2: Based on the guide disk anti-deformation model, the block material is processed once to obtain the guide disk anti-deformation workpiece 1; During the machining of a workpiece, the thinner the wall thickness, the greater the stress deformation during milling and clamping. The guide disk workpiece is a thin-walled workpiece with a special shape. In order to further reduce the deformation of the guide disk workpiece during machining, in the guide disk machining method disclosed in this application, the initial machining of the block material specifically includes machining the arc top surface and shape of the block material based on the guide disk anti-deformation model. The chamfering of the thin-walled part of the block material is not performed first to avoid deformation due to excessively thin wall thickness during the machining of the block material.

[0025] Furthermore, when obtaining the guide disk anti-deformation workpiece 1 based on the guide disk anti-deformation model, the size of the guide disk anti-deformation workpiece 1 is equal to the sum of the guide disk standard part size and the guide disk deformation margin. Therefore, when the guide disk anti-deformation workpiece 1 is subsequently milled to remove thin walls, the existence of the guide disk deformation margin can be offset by the deformation generated by the machining tool during the machining of the guide disk anti-deformation workpiece 1.

[0026] More specifically, in one embodiment of this application, in order to overcome stress deformation and offset the dimensional changes caused by involute and shrinkage, when modeling the anti-deformation model of the guide disk according to the standard dimensions of the guide disk, the cylindrical radius dimensions Rn and Rm can be increased by 0.8 mm and the center position can be moved down by 0.8 mm to ensure that the highest point of the top surface remains unchanged after processing; the opening width of the large end of the guide disk is increased by 0.7 mm; the opening angle of the large end of the guide disk is reduced from 36° to 35.6°; since the structure at the small end of the guide disk is relatively short, the shrinkage during processing is not large, and its opening size and angle can remain unchanged.

[0027] S3: Install the contour jaw clamp to the processing device to clamp the guide disc reverse-deformed workpiece 1; Reference Figure 1 The contouring jaw fixture includes a first contouring jaw plate 2 and a second contouring jaw plate 3. The first contouring jaw plate 2 has an arc-shaped groove on its top surface to form a first clearance groove 21, which accommodates the large end of the guide disc's deformed workpiece 1. Thus, the first contouring jaw plate 2 provides a placement position for the large end of the guide disc's deformed workpiece 1. Similarly, the second contouring jaw plate 3 has an arc-shaped groove on its top surface to form a second clearance groove 31, which accommodates the small end of the guide disc's deformed workpiece 1. Thus, the second contouring jaw plate 3 provides a placement position for the small end of the guide disc's deformed workpiece 1. The height of the second contouring jaw plate 3 is lower than that of the first contouring jaw plate 2. When using a contour jaw clamp to hold the guide disc reverse deformation workpiece 1, since the large end and small end of the guide disc reverse deformation workpiece 1 are arc-shaped, the guide disc reverse deformation workpiece 1 can be clamped from the thickness direction of the guide disc reverse deformation workpiece 1 when the first contour jaw and the second contour jaw squeeze each other.

[0028] More specifically, in one embodiment of this application, the first contour jaw plate 2 is 5mm higher than the second contour jaw plate 3 to ensure that the guide plate anti-deformation workpiece 1 can be clamped between the first contour jaw plate 2 and the second contour jaw plate 3 at a height of more than three-quarters, ensuring rapid positioning and effective clamping of the guide plate anti-deformation workpiece 1, and that the cutting tool will not interfere with the first contour jaw plate 2 and the second contour jaw plate 3 during processing. The specific height can also be flexibly changed according to the actual size of the guide plate standard part and the guide plate deformation margin that needs to be reserved.

[0029] Furthermore, to better fix the large and small opening ends of the guide plate of the guide plate anti-deformation workpiece 1, a first locking groove is formed on the top surface of the first contour jaw plate 2 near the second contour jaw plate 3. The first locking groove communicates with the first clearance groove 21, and the length of the first locking groove is less than the length of the first clearance groove 21, while the depth of the first locking groove is greater than the depth of the first clearance groove 21. This allows the large opening end of the guide plate anti-deformation workpiece 1 to be abutted from the end face of the guide plate anti-deformation workpiece 1, thus better limiting the large opening end of the guide plate anti-deformation workpiece 1. More specifically, in one embodiment of this application, the depth of the first locking groove is 2mm greater than the depth of the first clearance groove 21, so that the long opening section of the guide plate anti-deformation workpiece 1 can be locked into the first locking groove.

[0030] The second contour jaw plate 3 has a second engaging groove on its top surface near the end of the first contour jaw plate 2. The second engaging groove communicates with the second clearance groove 31, and the length of the second engaging groove is less than the length of the second clearance groove 31, while the depth of the second engaging groove is greater than the depth of the second clearance groove 31. This allows the end face of the guide disc anti-deformation workpiece 1 to abut against the small opening end of the guide disc anti-deformation workpiece 1, thus better limiting the small opening end of the guide disc anti-deformation workpiece 1. More specifically, in one embodiment of this application, the depth of the second engaging groove is 2mm greater than the depth of the second clearance groove 31, so that the short opening section of the guide disc anti-deformation workpiece 1 can be engaged into the second engaging groove.

[0031] In this embodiment, in order to extend the service life of the contour jaw clamp, both the first contour jaw plate 2 and the second contour jaw plate 3 are made of high-strength steel structure to meet the long-term needs of guide plate processing.

[0032] S4: Perform secondary processing on the guide disk anti-deformation workpiece 1 to remove the guide disk deformation allowance and obtain the guide disk standard part.

[0033] More specifically, to facilitate the machining of the guide plate, the block material is first machined into the guide plate anti-deformation workpiece 1 in one pass. At this time, the guide plate anti-deformation workpiece 1 has a guide plate deformation allowance. Then, the guide plate anti-deformation workpiece 1 is machined into the guide plate standard part in a second pass. This second pass is to machine the groove cavity, concave cylindrical surface and the curved surface contour of the two sides of the guide plate anti-deformation workpiece 1, that is, to perform thin-wall machining. During the second pass, the excess material of the guide plate anti-deformation workpiece 1 is removed during the milling process, and the deformation caused by the milling stress is offset by the guide plate deformation allowance, so that the final qualified guide plate standard part can be obtained.

[0034] In one embodiment of this application, the processing device specifically includes a first vise and a second vise. The first vise is used for primary processing to machine the arc-shaped top surface and overall shape of the block material. A contour-following jaw fixture is mounted on the second vise. The second vise is used for secondary processing to machine the groove, concave cylindrical surface, and curved surface contours of the guide disc reverse-deformation workpiece 1. By using two sets of vises and processing tools, two independent production lines can be formed, which can better improve the processing efficiency of the guide disc standard parts.

[0035] The second vise includes a fixed clamp and a movable clamp. The first contouring jaw plate 2 is disposed on the fixed clamp, and the second contouring jaw plate 3 is disposed on the movable clamp, so that when the fixed clamp and the movable clamp of the second vise are close to each other, they can clamp the workpiece 1 that is deformed by the guide plate.

[0036] To facilitate the installation of the first contour jaw plate 2 and the second contour jaw plate 3, the first contour jaw plate 2 is provided with a first bolt hole 211, in which a countersunk bolt is installed. The first contour jaw plate is fixed to the fixed clamp by the countersunk bolt in the first bolt hole 211. The second contour jaw plate 3 is provided with a second bolt hole 311, in which a countersunk bolt is installed. The second contour jaw plate is fixed to the movable clamp by the countersunk bolt in the second bolt hole 311.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0039] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for processing a guide plate, characterized in that, It includes: Based on the standard dimensions of the guide disk and the deformation margin of the guide disk, the inverse deformation model of the guide disk is obtained. The deformation margin of the guide disk includes the deformation of the cylindrical radius of the guide disk, the width of the large end of the guide disk, and the opening angle of the large end of the guide disk. Based on the guide disk anti-deformation model, the block material is processed once to obtain the guide disk anti-deformation workpiece (1). The contouring jaw fixture is installed onto the processing device to clamp the workpiece (1) that is deformed by the guide disc. The contouring jaw fixture includes: - First contour jaw plate (2), the first contour jaw plate (2) has an arc-shaped groove on its top surface to form a first clearance groove (21), the first clearance groove (21) is used to accommodate the large end of the guide disc anti-deformation workpiece; - and, a second contour jaw plate (3), the top surface of the second contour jaw plate (3) is also provided with an arc-shaped groove to form a second clearance groove (31), the second clearance groove (31) is used to accommodate the small end of the guide disc anti-deformation workpiece, and the height of the second contour jaw plate (3) is lower than that of the first contour jaw plate (2); a first snap-fit ​​groove is provided on the top surface of the first contour jaw plate (2) near the end of the second contour jaw plate (3), the first snap-fit ​​groove is connected to the first clearance groove (21), and the length of the first snap-fit ​​groove is less than the length of the first clearance groove (21), and the depth of the first snap-fit ​​groove is greater than the depth of the first clearance groove (21); a second snap-fit ​​groove is provided on the top surface of the second contour jaw plate (3) near the end of the first contour jaw plate (2), the second snap-fit ​​groove is connected to the second clearance groove (31), and the length of the second snap-fit ​​groove is less than the length of the second clearance groove (31), and the depth of the second snap-fit ​​groove is greater than the depth of the second clearance groove (31); The guide disk anti-deformation workpiece (1) is processed twice to remove the deformation allowance of the guide disk and obtain the standard guide disk part.

2. The method for processing a guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the standard dimensions of the guide disk and the deformation allowance of the guide disk, the inverse deformation model of the guide disk is obtained, which also includes the following steps: Establish a standard 3D model of the guide disk based on the dimensions of the standard guide disk components; Obtain the deformation allowance of the guide plate; Based on the standard 3D model of the guide disk and the deformation margin of the guide disk, the inverse deformation model of the guide disk is obtained.

3. The method for processing a guide plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: Obtaining the deformation allowance of the guide plate specifically includes: The test block material was processed once and twice to obtain the deformed guide disc part; Based on the standard three-dimensional model of the guide disk and the deformable parts of the guide disk, the deformation margin of the guide disk is calculated.

4. The method for processing a guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The block material is processed once based on the guide disc inverse deformation model, specifically including: The block material is processed for its arc-shaped top surface and overall shape based on the guide disc anti-deformation model.

5. The method for processing a guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide disc anti-deformation workpiece (1) undergoes secondary processing, specifically including: The guide disc anti-deformation workpiece (1) is machined with groove cavity, concave cylindrical surface and two side curved surface contours.

6. The method for processing a guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first conformal jaw plate (2) has a first bolt hole (211) and a countersunk bolt is provided in the first bolt hole (211); The second conformal jaw plate (3) has a second bolt hole (311), and a countersunk bolt is provided in the first bolt hole (211).

7. The method for processing a guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing apparatus includes: The first vise is used to process the block material in one operation; And, a second vise, wherein the contour jaw clamp is mounted on the second vise, and the second vise is used to perform secondary processing on the guide disc reverse deformation workpiece (1).

8. A method for processing a guide plate according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second vise includes: The fixed clamp is provided with the first contoured jaw plate (2) disposed on the fixed clamp; In addition, a movable clamp, wherein the second contoured jaw plate (3) is disposed on the movable clamp.

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