Movable spinal prosthesis and method of installing same

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a movable spinal prosthesis and a mounting method thereof. The spinal prosthesis comprises a spine body, a gasket, a column holder and a locking limiting piece. The spine body is provided with a first curved surface at both ends. The first curved surface is provided with an integrated connecting key. The gasket is provided with a second curved surface in sliding connection with the first curved surface. The second curved surface is provided with a sliding groove and a limiting hole. The connecting key is in sliding connection with the sliding groove. The limiting hole penetrates through the gasket and is in communication with the sliding groove. The column holder is mounted on the side of the gasket away from the first curved surface. The other side of the column holder is provided with a fixing nail. The locking limiting piece is connected with the column holder and the gasket. The second curved surface is provided with a limiting part capable of abutting against the other side of the connecting key. The first sliding groove contains and limits the sliding of the spine body along the length direction. The first curved surface and the second curved surface cooperate to realize arc motion, so that the patient can move in the front-back direction. The limiting piece and the limiting part are oppositely arranged in the first sliding groove, thereby preventing the spine body from falling off due to excessive flexion and extension of the patient.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a movable spinal prosthesis and a mounting method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] A spinal prosthesis is a kind of device used to replace the damaged spinal segment after the spinal segment is damaged, which is mainly used for treating severe spinal diseases such as spinal tumor, spinal tuberculosis or severe spinal degenerative diseases. In the treatment of spinal degenerative diseases in the prior art, intervertebral fusion is usually used, that is, an intervertebral fusion cage and a nail rod are used to fix the related prosthesis.

[0003] However, the prior art has some deficiencies, for example, the surgical segment activity function is completely lost, leading to an increase in the compensatory load of adjacent segments; the prosthesis has a large activity deviation and insufficient anti-rotation stability, and is prone to dislocation after long-term use. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a movable spinal prosthesis and a mounting method thereof to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a movable spinal prosthesis, comprising: a spinal body, two ends of which are provided with a first curved surface adapted to the human spine to change from a vertical state to a curved state, the first curved surface is provided with an integrated connecting key;

[0006] A gasket is provided with a second curved surface in sliding connection with the first curved surface, the second curved surface is provided with a first sliding groove and a limiting hole, the first sliding groove is arranged along the back of the human body towards the chest and abdomen, the connecting key is slidingly connected in the first sliding groove and limits the second curved surface from being separated from the first curved surface, and the limiting hole penetrates through the gasket and communicates with the first sliding groove;

[0007] A column holder is installed on the side of the gasket away from the first curved surface, and the column holder is connected with the adjacent spinal fixation;

[0008] A locking limiting piece is connected with the column holder and the gasket, one end of the locking limiting piece penetrates through the limiting hole and extends into the sliding groove, and the side wall of the locking limiting piece can abut against one side of the connecting key;

[0009] Wherein, the second curved surface is provided with a limiting portion extending thereon, the limiting portion can abut against the other side of the connecting key, and the locking limiting piece and the limiting portion jointly act to limit the maximum sliding distance of the connecting key in the length direction of the sliding groove.

[0010] By adopting the technical scheme, the first curved surface of the spine body simulates the joint surface morphology of the natural spine of the human body, providing a basis for human bending, the connecting key arranged integrally realizes transmission of bending force when the human body bends and guides the bending force, the first curved surface of the spine body and the second curved surface of the cushion slide relative to each other when the human body bends, further driving the connecting key to slide along the first sliding groove of the cushion, realizing bionic human bending movement, meanwhile, the connecting key transmits load to the cushion, the second curved surface arranged on the cushion can provide a low-friction sliding interface to reduce wear between the spine body and the cushion, the first sliding groove is arranged to accommodate and limit the sliding of the spine body along the length direction of the first sliding groove, meanwhile, the relative sliding of the first curved surface and the second curved surface can realize controllable arc track movement, thereby guiding the bending direction of the human body, so that the patient can perform forward and backward flexion and extension activities along the displacement from the back surface to the chest and abdominal surface or from the chest and abdominal surface to the back surface after installing the spine prosthesis, the limiting hole is prearranged at the bending limit position and the limiting piece penetrates the limiting hole into the first sliding groove, thereby limiting the patient from producing unintended displacement, when the connecting key slides to the position of the limiting hole in the first sliding groove, the connecting key is physically blocked and forced to stop moving by the limiting piece, the limiting part is arranged on the opposite side of the limiting piece, so that when the connecting key slides to the position of the limiting part in the first sliding groove, the connecting key is also physically blocked and forced to stop moving by the limiting part, thereby preventing the spine body from falling off due to excessive flexion and extension of the patient while allowing the patient to normally move, and a doctor can select the specific position of the limiting hole or replace the limiting piece according to the condition or requirement of the patient to realize personalized activity degree control.

[0011] Optionally, the relative distance of the first curved surfaces at the two ends of the spine body is L, and the distance L gradually increases and then gradually decreases along the direction from the chest and abdominal surface to the back surface of the human body.

[0012] By adopting the technical scheme, the first curved surface and the second curved surface are adapted to the movement track of the spine when the human body performs forward flexion or backward extension activities, the distance L gradually increases and then gradually decreases along the direction from the chest and abdominal surface to the back surface of the human body, so that the edges of the spine body are adapted to the asymmetric stress of the edge region when the human spine bends, the low height of the edge of the spine body can reduce the extrusion on the surrounding soft tissue when the spine bends forward and approaches the chest and abdominal surface, meanwhile, the decreasing bending track guides the sliding of the connecting key in the first sliding groove and limits the lateral deviation of the edge of the spine body in movement, thereby ensuring that the spine body moves along the correct path.

[0013] Optionally, the distance L close to the chest and abdominal surface is greater than the distance L close to the back surface of the human body.

[0014] By adopting the technical scheme, the center region of the spine body is formed in an arched profile, better simulating the physiological lordosis or kyphosis of the human spine, the maximum distance L, i.e., the highest point of the first curved surface at both ends of the spine body, is used as a main support point to disperse the axial load caused by the body weight pressure in the vertical state of the spine, and then when the spine is bent, the first curved surface can form a concave-convex matched kinematic pair with the second curved surface, and when the center highest point of the first curved surface on the spine body contacts the center lowest point of the second curved surface on the pad, a stop effect similar to the joint surface of the human spine can be generated to limit the over-bending of the patient's spine, the motion coupling ensures the synchronous sliding displacement of the two, avoids the jamming or stress concentration caused by the asynchronous motion of the spine body and the pad, ensures the synchronous motion of the spine body and the natural spine, and maintains the activity function of the patient's spine.

[0015] Optionally, a second sliding groove is arranged in a semi-ring direction on the side of the pad facing the column body holder, the column body holder comprises a trabecular mesh structure and a sliding key, and the sliding key is arranged on the circumferential side of the trabecular mesh structure and is slidingly inserted into the second sliding groove.

[0016] By adopting the technical scheme, the second sliding groove in the ring direction of the pad and the sliding key form a sliding pair, the column body holder can only translate and slide in the second sliding groove in the extension direction of the second sliding groove when being installed or adjusted, and the column body holder is physically blocked from being separated radially by the side wall of the sliding key, so that the column body holder is prevented from deviating in other directions, without the need for complicated and accurate angle alignment, facilitating doctors to quickly install the pad and the column body holder when needed, and the trabecular mesh structure is arranged to simulate the natural bone structure, so that the human bone tissue can migrate to the deep layer of the trabecular mesh structure along the pore branches of the trabecular mesh structure, effectively promoting cell adhesion and blood vessel growth to accelerate the vascularization and mineralization of bone tissue, thereby reducing the time required for bone integration.

[0017] Optionally, a fixing nail is arranged on the side of the trabecular mesh structure away from the pad, and the fixing nail is used to connect with the human spine.

[0018] By adopting the technical scheme, the spine body can be embedded into the adjacent vertebral bone through the fixing nail, so as to be fixedly connected with the adjacent natural vertebra, ensuring the synchronous motion of the spine body and the natural spine to maintain the activity function of the patient's spine, and at the same time, the trabecular mesh structure is in full contact with the bone tissue to provide necessary conditions for the bone tissue to grow, thereby avoiding the failure of bone integration caused by early displacement of the trabecular mesh structure.

[0019] Optionally, the sliding key is arranged in a U-shaped cross section, and the opening end of the sliding key faces the back of the human body.

[0020] By adopting the technical scheme, the left and right swinging of the sliding key is limited to ensure that the sliding direction of the sliding key is consistent with the movement direction of the spine without lateral shaking, the opening of the sliding key faces the back, and the outer side of the closed end, i.e., the outer side of the U-shaped section, is a smooth arc surface, so that there is no sharp edge when the outer side of the closed end contacts the front wall of the gasket sliding groove, and the stimulation to the front blood vessels or internal organs is effectively reduced, and the postoperative complications caused by the friction of the opening end edge with the blood vessels during sliding is avoided.

[0021] Optionally, the vertical section of the sliding key is in an L-shaped arrangement, and a bone growth space is formed between the sliding key and the trabecular mesh structure and between the gasket and the trabecular mesh structure.

[0022] By adopting the technical scheme, the vertical section of the sliding key is composed of a horizontal section parallel to the surface of the trabecular mesh structure and a vertical section extending in the direction of the gasket perpendicular to the surface of the trabecular mesh structure, so that a gap cavity is formed between the horizontal section of the sliding key, the peripheral edge of the trabecular mesh structure, and the human spine, the gap cavity extends along the length direction of the horizontal section of the sliding key, and is consistent with the arc of the second sliding groove arranged in a half-ring shape, so as to form a bone growth space suitable for the cross-sectional shape of the human spine, and a sandwich cavity is formed on the side close to the trabecular mesh of the bottom of the gasket, the sandwich cavity is open at the L-shaped inflection point between the horizontal section end and the vertical section of the sliding key, is communicated with the gap cavity between the sliding key, the trabecular mesh structure, and the human spine, and together forms a three-dimensionally communicated bone growth channel, so as to effectively improve the communication rate of the bone growth space, enable the bone tissue to expand along the bone growth space created by the sliding key to the interface between the sliding key and the gasket, and form a full-area bone growth space from the center of the trabecular mesh structure to the interface between the horizontal section of the sliding key and the peripheral edge of the trabecular mesh structure and the gasket, thereby facilitating the bone tissue growth and achieving complete fixation of the prosthesis and the human spine.

[0023] Optionally, the connecting key is in an inverted wedge shape.

[0024] By adopting the technical scheme, the cross section of the connecting key is in an inverted wedge shape with a top width greater than a bottom width, and the first sliding groove is in a wedge shape with a top width less than a bottom width, so that when the connecting key is inserted into the first sliding groove, the inclined surfaces on both sides of the connecting key are tightly fitted with the inclined surfaces on both sides of the first sliding groove, and then due to the top width of the connecting key being greater than the top width of the first sliding groove, the connecting key cannot be directly pulled out from the top of the first sliding groove, a mechanical locking structure is formed, the separation of the connecting key and the first sliding groove caused by axial tension or accidental external force during the movement of the prosthesis is prevented, the stability and safety of the prosthesis are improved, and the contact area between the connecting key and the first sliding groove is increased due to the wedge shape and the inverted wedge shape, so that when the axial pressure is transmitted to the first sliding groove through the connecting key, the pressure is uniformly distributed on the contact surfaces of the connecting key and the first sliding groove on both sides and the bottom inclined surfaces, thereby dispersing the concentrated load to a larger contact surface to correspondingly reduce the unit area stress, and then reducing local wear and prolonging the service life of the prosthesis.

[0025] Optionally, the spine body is provided with a clamping hole in the ring direction.

[0026] By adopting the above technical scheme, the spine body is provided with a clamping hole in the ring direction, which facilitates the doctor to use surgical instruments to fix or clamp the prosthesis during surgical operation, so as to maintain the stability of the prosthesis during implantation surgery.

[0027] On the other hand, the application provides a movable spinal prosthesis installation method adopting the following technical scheme: a movable spinal prosthesis installation method, comprising the following steps:

[0028] S1, determining the lesion position through patient CT or nuclear magnetic data, and formulating a surgical plan;

[0029] S2, pre-installing the gasket and the column holder;

[0030] S3, installing the pre-assembled gasket and column holder on the spine body, fixing using a locking limiting piece, and assembling to form a spinal prosthesis;

[0031] S4, removing the diseased spinal tissue;

[0032] S5, implanting the assembled spinal prosthesis into the diseased area;

[0033] By adopting the above technical scheme, the lesion spinal position is accurately positioned through patient CT or nuclear magnetic resonance data, and a personalized surgical plan is formulated in combination with the activity angle of the patient's spine flexion or extension and the bone density and other parameters, the column holder and the sliding key of the corresponding size are selected to determine the prosthesis model implanted, and the prosthesis implantation angle is determined, the second sliding groove of the gasket half ring in the ring direction is connected with the sliding key of the column holder, a sliding pair is formed, the sliding key is guided and restricted to avoid the column holder or the sliding key from being separated during pre-assembly, the pre-assembled gasket and column holder are respectively installed on the two ends of the spine body in the vertical direction, and the locking limiting piece is used to position and fix the positions of the gasket and the column holder on the two ends of the spine body, so as to limit the maximum sliding distance of the connecting key in the sliding groove, thereby controlling the activity range of the spine body to avoid excessive displacement, the diseased spinal tissue is removed during surgery, and the bone surface of the operation area is cleaned to ensure that the prosthesis can closely fit the human spine during installation.

[0034] In summary, the application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0035] 1. The second curved surface of the spacer provides a low-friction sliding interface to reduce wear between the spine body and the spacer. The first sliding groove accommodates and limits the sliding of the spine body along the length direction of the first sliding groove. The first curved surface cooperates with the second curved surface to achieve controllable arc trajectory movement, thereby guiding the bending direction of the human body. The patient can perform forward and backward movements after installing the spine prosthesis. The limiting member and the limiting part are oppositely arranged in the first sliding groove, thereby limiting the unintended displacement of the human body of the patient, and preventing the spine body from falling off due to excessive flexion and extension of the patient.

[0036] 2. The vertical section of the sliding key is L-shaped, and the bone long space is formed between the sliding key and the trabecular mesh structure and between the spacer and the trabecular mesh structure, so that the bone tissue can expand along the bone long space created by the sliding key to the interface between the sliding key and the spacer, forming a full-area bone long space from the center of the trabecular mesh structure to the horizontal segment of the sliding key and the circumferential edge of the trabecular mesh structure to the interface of the spacer, facilitating the growth of bone tissue to realize the complete fixation of the prosthesis and the human spine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is the front view of the overall structure of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 is the rear view of the overall structure of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 is the right view of the overall structure of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 is the right view of the exploded structure of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 is the rear view of the exploded structure of the present application;

[0042] Figure 6 is the right view of the structure of the column holder of the present application;

[0043] Figure 7 is the front view of the structure of the column holder of the present application.

[0044] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 1, spine body; 11, clamping hole; 2, spacer; 21, second sliding groove; 3, column holder; 31, trabecular mesh structure; 32, sliding key; 33, fixing nail; 331, bone cement groove; 4, locking limiting member; 5, first curved surface; 6, connecting key; 7, second curved surface; 71, first sliding groove; 72, limiting hole; 73, limiting part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be described in detail in combination with the accompanying Figures 1-7 The present application will be further described in detail.

[0046] Please see Figures 1-2 This application discloses a movable spinal prosthesis, including a spinal body 1, a pad 2, a column support 3, and a locking and limiting member 4. The spinal body 1 has first curved surfaces 5 at both ends adapted to the human spine transitioning from a vertical to a curved state. The first curved surfaces 5 have integrated connecting keys 6. The pad 2 has a second curved surface 7 that slides through the first curved surface 5. The second curved surface 7 has a first sliding groove 71 and a limiting hole 72. The first sliding groove 71 extends along the back of the human body towards the chest and abdomen. The connecting key 6 slides within the first sliding groove 71 and prevents the second curved surface 7 from disengaging from the first curved surface 5. The limiting hole 72... 2. The liner 2 is connected to the first slide groove 71; the column support 3 is installed on the side of the liner 2 away from the first curved surface 5, and the column support 3 is fixedly connected to the adjacent spine; the locking limit member 4 connects the column support 3 and the liner 2, one end of the locking limit member 4 passes through the limiting hole 72 and extends into the first slide groove 71, and the side wall of the locking limit member 4 can abut against one side of the connecting key 6; wherein, a limiting part 73 is also provided on the second curved surface 7, and the limiting part 73 can abut against the other side of the connecting key 6. The locking limit member 4 and the limiting part 73 work together to limit the maximum sliding distance of the connecting key 6 in the length direction of the slide groove.

[0047] Please see Figures 1-2The first curved surface 5 of the spinal body 1 simulates the articular surface morphology of the natural human spine, providing a basis for human bending. The integrated connecting key 6 transmits the bending force when the human bends over and guides the bending force, causing the first curved surface 5 of the spinal body 1 to slide relative to the second curved surface 7 of the pad 2 when the human bends. This, in turn, causes the connecting key 6 to slide along the first groove 71 of the pad 2, realizing biomimetic human bending motion. At the same time, the connecting key 6 transmits the load to the pad 2. The second curved surface 7 on the pad 2 provides a low-friction sliding interface to reduce wear between the spinal body 1 and the pad 2. The first groove 71 accommodates and restricts the sliding of the spinal body 1 along its length. Simultaneously, the first curved surface 5 and the second curved surface 7 work together to achieve controllable arc-shaped trajectory movement, thereby guiding the direction of human bending and allowing the patient to... After installation, this spinal prosthesis allows for forward and backward flexion and extension movements, either along the back towards the thoracic and ventral surface or along the thoracic and ventral surface towards the back. The limiting hole 72 is pre-set at the bending limit position, and the limiting member passes through the limiting hole 72 into the first groove 71, thereby restricting unintended displacement of the patient's body. When the connecting key 6 slides into the limiting hole 72 within the first groove 71, it is physically blocked and forced to stop moving. A limiting part 73 is provided on the opposite side of the limiting member. When the connecting key 6 slides into the limiting part 73 within the first groove 71, it is also physically blocked and forced to stop moving. This allows the patient to move normally while preventing the spinal body 1 from dislodging due to excessive flexion and extension. The doctor can also select the specific position of the limiting hole 72 or replace the limiting member according to the patient's condition or needs to achieve personalized range of motion control.

[0048] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The relative distance between the first curved surfaces 5 at both ends of the spinal body 1 is L. The distance L is set to gradually increase and then gradually decrease along the chest and abdomen towards the back of the human body, so that the first curved surface 5 and the second curved surface 7 are adapted to the movement trajectory of the spine when the human body performs forward flexion or backward extension. The setting of the distance L gradually increasing and then gradually decreasing along the chest and abdomen towards the back of the human body makes the two sides of the spinal body 1 adapt to the asymmetrical force on the edge area when the human spine bends. When the spine flexes forward and moves towards the chest and abdomen, the low height of the edge of the spinal body 1 can reduce the compression of the surrounding soft tissues. At the same time, the decreasing bending trajectory provides guidance for the sliding of the connecting key 6 in the first groove 71, restricts the lateral displacement of the edge of the spinal body 1 during movement, and ensures that the spinal body 1 is displaced along the correct path.

[0049] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3The distance L near the chest and abdomen is greater than the distance L near the back of the body, causing the central area of ​​the spinal body 1 to form an arched profile, which better simulates the physiological lordosis or kyphosis of the human spine. The maximum value of distance L, that is, the highest point of the first curved surface 5 at both ends of the spinal body 1, is used as the main support point to distribute the axial load brought by the weight pressure of the spine in the vertical state. Therefore, when the spine bends, the first curved surface 5 can work together with the second curved surface 7 to form a concave-convex kinematic pair. When the highest point of the center of the first curved surface 5 on the spinal body 1 contacts the lowest point of the center of the second curved surface 7 on the pad 2, it can produce a stopping effect similar to the joint surface of the human spine to limit the excessive bending of the patient's spine. The kinematic coupling ensures that the sliding displacement of the two is synchronized, avoiding jamming or stress concentration caused by the asynchronous movement of the spinal body 1 and the pad 2, and ensuring that the spinal body 1 moves synchronously with the natural spine to maintain the patient's spinal function.

[0050] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The pad 2 has a semi-circular second sliding groove 21 on the side facing the column support 3. The column support 3 includes a trabecular mesh structure 31 and a sliding key 32. The sliding key 32 is located on the periphery of the trabecular mesh structure 31 and is slidably inserted into the second sliding groove 21, so that the second sliding groove 21 facing upwards and the sliding key 32 form a sliding pair. Through the guiding constraint of the sliding key 32, the column support 3 can only slide within the pad 2 along the extension direction of the second sliding groove 21 when installed or adjusted, and is guided by the sliding key 32. The sidewalls physically prevent the column support 3 from detaching radially, avoiding displacement of the column support 3 in other directions. This eliminates the need for complex and precise angle alignment, allowing doctors to quickly install the pad 2 and column support 3 when needed. The trabecular mesh structure 31 simulates the natural bone structure, enabling human bone tissue to migrate deeper into the trabecular mesh structure 31 along the pore branches, effectively promoting cell adhesion and blood vessel ingrowth, accelerating the vascularization and mineralization of bone tissue, and reducing the time required for bone integration.

[0051] Please see Figure 5 The trabecular mesh structure 31 has a fixation pin 33 on the side opposite to the pad 2. The fixation pin 33 is used to connect with the human spine, so that the spinal body 1 can be embedded in the bone of the adjacent vertebral body through the fixation pin 33, thereby fixing and connecting with the adjacent natural vertebral body. This ensures that the spinal body 1 moves synchronously with the natural spine, so as to maintain the patient's spinal mobility. At the same time, it allows the trabecular mesh structure 31 to have full contact with the bone tissue, providing the necessary conditions for bone tissue ingrowth and avoiding bone integration failure due to early displacement of the trabecular mesh structure 31.

[0052] Please see Figure 5The slide key 32 has a U-shaped cross-section with its open end facing the back of the human body. This restricts the left and right swing of the slide key 32 and ensures that the sliding direction of the slide key 32 is consistent with the direction of spinal movement without lateral wobbling. The opening of the slide key 32 faces the back, and its closed end, i.e. the outer side of the U-shaped cross-section, is a smooth arc surface. When it contacts the front wall of the groove of the pad 2, there are no sharp edges, which effectively reduces the stimulation of large blood vessels or internal organs in front and avoids postoperative complications caused by friction of blood vessels due to the edge of the open end during sliding.

[0053] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The vertical cross-section of the slide key 32 is L-shaped, forming a bone elongation space between the slide key 32 and the trabecular mesh structure 31, and between the pad 2 and the trabecular mesh structure 31. The vertical cross-section of the slide key 32 consists of a horizontal segment parallel to the surface of the trabecular mesh structure 31 and a vertical segment extending perpendicular to the surface of the trabecular mesh structure 31 towards the pad 2. This creates a gap cavity between the horizontal segment of the slide key 32, the peripheral edge of the trabecular mesh structure 31, and the human spine. This gap cavity extends along the length of the horizontal segment of the slide key 32 and matches the curvature of the semi-circular second slide groove 21, thus forming a bone elongation space adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the human spine. Simultaneously, in the vertical segment of the slide key 32… A sandwich cavity is formed on the side of the bottom of the pad 2 near the trabecular mesh. The sandwich cavity is connected to the gap cavity between the slide key 32, the trabecular mesh structure 31, and the human spine through the opening at the junction of the horizontal and vertical sections of the slide key 32, i.e., the L-shaped inflection point. Together, they form a three-dimensional bone ingrowth channel, which effectively improves the connectivity of the bone length space. This allows bone tissue to extend along the bone length space created by the slide key 32 to the interface between the slide key 32 and the pad 2, forming a full-area bone length space from the center of the trabecular mesh structure 31 to the horizontal section of the slide key 32 and the peripheral edge of the trabecular mesh structure 31, and then to the interface of the pad 2. This facilitates bone tissue ingrowth and complete fixation of the prosthesis to the human spine.

[0054] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5The connecting key 6 is designed as an inverted wedge shape, with its cross-section having a top width greater than its bottom width. The first groove 71 is a wedge shape with a top width less than its bottom width. This design ensures that when the connecting key 6 is inserted into the first groove 71, the inclined surfaces on both sides of the connecting key 6 fit tightly against the inclined surfaces on both sides of the first groove 71. Furthermore, because the top width of the connecting key 6 is greater than the top width of the first groove 71, the connecting key 6 cannot be directly pulled out from the top of the first groove 71, forming a mechanical locking structure. This prevents the connecting key 6 from separating from the first groove 71 due to axial tension or unexpected external forces during the movement of the prosthesis, improving the stability and safety of the prosthesis. Simultaneously, the wedge and inverted wedge shapes increase the contact area between the connecting key 6 and the first groove 71. Therefore, when axial pressure is transmitted to the first groove 71 through the connecting key 6, the pressure is evenly distributed on the contact surfaces of the connecting key 6 and the first groove 71 on both sides and the bottom inclined surfaces, thus dispersing the concentrated load over a larger contact surface to reduce stress per unit area, thereby reducing localized wear and extending the prosthesis's lifespan.

[0055] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The trabecular mesh structure 31 is positioned between the column support 3 and the adjacent vertebral body. Multiple fixation screws 33 penetrate the trabecular mesh structure 31 and are embedded in the adjacent vertebral body. By having the fixation screws 33 penetrate the trabecular mesh structure 31 and then embed themselves in the adjacent vertebral body, the trabecular mesh structure 31 and the spinal body 1 are fixed together in the vertebral body by the fixation screws 33. This effectively improves the anti-displacement ability of the trabecular mesh structure 31 and avoids early displacement of the trabecular mesh structure 31. After long-term use of the prosthesis, the porous structure of the trabecular mesh structure 31 can generate elastic deformation and absorb energy to reduce the frequency and intensity of direct friction between the fixation screws 33 and bone tissue, thereby reducing the amount of prosthesis metal or bone tissue debris generated. After osseointegration is completed, the pores of the trabecular mesh structure 31 are completely filled by new bone tissue, further sealing the direct friction path between the fixation screws 33 and bone tissue, fundamentally reducing the generation of wear debris, thereby reducing the probability of inflammation or osteolysis caused by wear debris.

[0056] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The spinal body 1 ring has a clamping hole 11 opening upwards, which facilitates the doctor to use surgical instruments to fix or clamp the prosthesis during the operation, so as to maintain the stability of the prosthesis during the implantation surgery.

[0057] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5Multiple fixation pins 33 are provided, and each fixation pin 33 has a vertically arranged bone cement groove 331 symmetrically arranged. This provides a fixation method and a directional flow channel for the bone cement, allowing the bone cement to flow from the bottom end of the fixation pin 33 to the embedded end along the bone cement groove 331, covering the entire surface of the fixation pin 33. At the same time, the grooves create an uneven structure on the surface of the fixation pin 33, which increases the contact area between the bone cement and the protrusions. After the bone cement hardens, the bone cement in the bone cement groove 331 forms columnar protrusions that tightly interlock with the bone cement groove 331 of the fixation pin 33, thereby improving the bonding strength between the bone cement and the fixation pin 33 and preventing the bone cement from embedding in the fixation pin 33 due to gravity or surface tension. The bone cement accumulates at the inlet end, while gaps exist at the bottom end, ensuring full contact between the bone cement, fixation screw 33, and bone tissue. At the same time, the vertically set bone cement groove 331 can provide early postoperative fixation for the bone cement. In the early stage, the bone cement in the vertical groove is maintained by tightly interlocking with the bone cement groove 331 of the fixation screw 33. As human bone tissue grows into the gap of the fixation screw 33 and gradually achieves osseointegration, the bone cement is gradually replaced by the human new bone tissue. At this time, the concave and convex structure of the fixation screw 33 provides anchor points for the new bone to promote the direct integration of human bone tissue and fixation screw 33, so as to achieve a smooth transition from early bone cement fixation to long-term bone tissue integration and prosthesis fixation.

[0058] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 Specifically, multiple fixation pins 33 are arranged in an isosceles triangle and embedded in the bone tissue to increase the contact area between the prosthesis and the bone interface, making the connection between the prosthesis and the human bone tissue more secure. This increases the prosthesis's ability to resist axial tension such as muscle traction or lateral shear force such as when the body bends forward, preventing early loosening of the prosthesis. The isosceles triangle arrangement of the fixation pins 33 forms a triangular support surface at the position where the fixation pins 33 are embedded in the bone tissue. When the prosthesis is subjected to axial pressure, multiple fixation pins 33 contact the bone tissue simultaneously, distributing the load evenly to three points, avoiding unilateral force on a single fixation pin 33 or double fixation pins 33, thereby reducing local bone tissue stress and reducing bone resorption caused by stress concentration. At the same time, the isosceles triangle arrangement ensures that there are always two fixation pins 33 symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the human spine, and one fixation pin 33 located on the midline of the human spine. When the prosthesis is subjected to torsional force, the fixation pins 33 on the left and right sides can generate reverse resistance to offset the torque, effectively improving the prosthesis's anti-torsional stability and preventing the prosthesis from easily rotating and loosening.

[0059] The implementation principle of Embodiment 1 is as follows: The first curved surface 5 of the spinal body 1 simulates the joint surface morphology of the natural human spine, providing a basis for human bending. The integrated connecting key 6 transmits the bending force when the human bends over and guides the bending force, causing the first curved surface 5 of the spinal body 1 to slide relative to the second curved surface 7 of the pad 2 when the human bends. This, in turn, causes the connecting key 6 to slide along the first groove 71 of the pad 2, realizing biomimetic human bending motion. The first groove 71 accommodates and restricts the sliding of the spinal body 1 along the length of the first groove 71. At the same time, the relative sliding between the first curved surface 5 and the second curved surface 7 enables a controllable arc. The shaped trajectory movement guides the bending direction of the human body, allowing the patient to perform forward and backward flexion and extension movements along the back towards the chest and abdomen or along the chest and abdomen towards the back after the spinal prosthesis is installed. The limiting hole 72 is preset at the bending limit position and the limiting member passes through the limiting hole 72 into the first slide groove 71, thereby limiting the patient's body from producing unexpected displacement. A limiting part 73 is provided on the opposite side of the limiting member. When the connecting key 6 slides into the limiting part 73 in the first slide groove 71, it will also be physically blocked by the limiting part 73 and forced to stop moving. This allows the patient to move normally while preventing the spinal body 1 from falling off due to excessive flexion and extension.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] Please see Figure 6 Figure 7 Figures 1-7 Embodiment 2 of this application discloses a method for installing a movable spinal prosthesis, including the following steps:

[0062] S1. Determine the location of the lesion using the patient's CT or MRI data and formulate a surgical plan;

[0063] Specifically, the location of the diseased spine is accurately located using the patient's CT or MRI data, and a personalized surgical plan is developed based on parameters such as the patient's spinal flexion or extension angle and bone density.

[0064] S2. Pre-install the padding 2 and the column support 3;

[0065] Specifically, select the appropriate size of the column support 3 and slide key 32 to determine the implanted prosthesis model and the implantation angle. The second slide groove 21 of the pad 2 with the semi-circular upward direction is movably connected to the slide key 32 of the column support 3 to form a sliding pair. The guide constraint of the slide key 32 is used to prevent the column support 3 or the slide key 32 from detaching during pre-assembly.

[0066] S3. Install the pre-assembled pad 2 and column support 3 onto the spinal body 1, and fix them with locking limiters 4 to form a spinal prosthesis.

[0067] Specifically, the pre-assembled pad 2 and column support 3 are installed at both ends of the vertical direction of the spinal body 1, and then the locking limiter 4 is used to position and fix the pad 2 and column support 3 at both ends of the spinal body 1 to limit the maximum sliding distance of the connecting key 6 in the groove, thereby controlling the range of motion of the spinal body 1 and avoiding excessive displacement.

[0068] S4. Remove the diseased spinal tissue;

[0069] Specifically, the surgery involves removing the diseased spinal tissue and cleaning the bone surface in the surgical area to ensure that the prosthesis fits snugly against the human spine during installation.

[0070] S5. Implant the assembled spinal prosthesis into the affected area;

[0071] Specifically, the assembled spinal prosthesis is implanted into the excised lesion. Positioning is aided by the clamping hole 11 installed on the spinal body 1, so that the first curved surface 5 of the spinal body 1 and the second curved surface 7 of the pad 2 can slide and fit together to simulate the physiological activities of the natural human spine.

[0072] The process after step S5 includes: S6, in the early post-implantation stage, temporary mechanical fixation is achieved by fixing nails 33 at the bottom of the column support 3, and in the later stage, biological fixation is achieved by bone ingrowth through the trabecular mesh structure 31.

[0073] Specifically, multiple symmetrically arranged fixation nails 33 with bone cement grooves on the side of the column support 3 away from the pad 2 are inserted through the trabecular mesh structure 31 and screwed into the adjacent human spine. Bone cement is injected into the bone cement groove 331 to achieve temporary fixation in the early postoperative period to prevent displacement. The trabecular mesh structure 31 guides bone tissue migration and ingrowth through three-dimensional interconnected pores. Later, the bone cement is gradually replaced by newly formed bone tissue in the human body to form a completely stable fixation.

[0074] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An articulating spinal prosthesis, comprising: The application relates to a spine body (1) provided with first curved surfaces (5) at two ends, which are adapted to the human spine to transform from a vertical state to a curved state, and the first curved surfaces (5) are provided with integrated connecting keys (6); a cushion (2) is provided with second curved surfaces (7) which are slidably connected with the first curved surfaces (5), the second curved surfaces (7) are provided with first sliding grooves (71) and limiting holes (72), the first sliding grooves (71) extend along the back of the human body towards the chest and abdomen, the connecting keys (6) are slidably connected in the first sliding grooves (71) and limit the second curved surfaces (7) from being separated from the first curved surfaces (5), the limiting holes (72) pass through the cushion (2) and are in communication with the first sliding grooves (71); a column body holder (3) is installed on the side of the cushion (2) away from the first curved surfaces (5), the column body holder (3) is fixedly connected with the adjacent spine; a locking limiting part (4) is connected with the column body holder (3) and the cushion (2), one end of the locking limiting part (4) penetrates through the limiting hole (72) and extends into the first sliding groove (71), and the side wall of the locking limiting part (4) can abut against one side of the connecting key (6); the second curved surfaces (7) are further provided with limiting parts (73) which can abut against the other side of the connecting key (6), and the locking limiting part (4) and the limiting part (73) jointly limit the maximum sliding distance of the connecting key (6) in the length direction of the first sliding groove (71). The relative distance between the first curved surfaces (5) at the two ends of the spine body (1) is L, and the distance L gradually increases and then gradually decreases along the chest and abdomen towards the back of the human body. The distance L close to the chest and abdomen is greater than the distance L close to the back of the human body. The side of the cushion (2) towards the column body holder (3) is provided with a second sliding groove (21) arranged in a half ring, the column body holder (3) comprises a trabecular mesh structure (31) and a sliding key (32), the sliding key (32) is arranged on the side of the trabecular mesh structure (31), and the sliding key (32) is slidably inserted into the second sliding groove (21). The side of the trabecular mesh structure (31) away from the cushion (2) is provided with a fixing nail (33) for being connected with the human spine. The sliding key (32) is arranged in a U-shaped cross section, and the opening end of the sliding key (32) faces the back of the human body.

2. An articulating spinal prosthesis as in claim 1, wherein, The sliding key (32) is arranged in an L-shaped vertical section, and a bone space is formed between the sliding key (32) and the trabecular mesh structure (31) and between the cushion (2) and the trabecular mesh structure (31).

3. An articulating spinal prosthesis as in claim 2, wherein: The connecting key (6) is arranged in an inverted wedge shape.

4. The mobile spinal prosthesis of claim 1 wherein, The column body holder (3) is provided with a clamping hole (11) in the ring direction.

5. An articulating spinal prosthesis as in claim 4 wherein, ​ 6. An articulating spinal prosthesis as in claim 4 wherein, ​ 7. The movable spinal column prosthesis of claim 4 wherein, ​ 8. The mobile spinal prosthesis of claim 1 wherein, ​ 9. The mobile spinal prosthesis of claim 1 wherein, ​

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