Distributed fire-fighting linkage control system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fire fighting, and discloses a distributed fire fighting linkage control system, comprising: a sensing module configured to detect a fire signal through fusion of a multi-modal sensor, the sensing module comprising an infrared thermal imaging unit, a gas sensor unit and a pressure monitoring unit, the infrared thermal imaging unit being used for positioning a fire source coordinate, and the gas sensor unit being used for detecting the fire source coordinate; the gas sensor unit is used for detecting the concentration change of CO or VOC so as to confirm the combustion type, and the pressure monitoring unit monitors the pressure of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank in real time; the system comprises a communication module, a control module, an execution module and a monitoring module. Through a multi-mode sensing fusion technology (a thermal imaging positioning fire source and a gas sensor confirmation combustion type) and in combination with pressure real-time monitoring, the system can accurately distinguish a real fire behavior from environmental interference, and the erroneous spraying rate is reduced from 12%-18% of a traditional scheme to lt; 3%, the waste of the fire extinguishing agent and the risk of misoperation are greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fire protection technology, in particular to a distributed fire protection linkage control system. Background Art

[0002] Existing fire protection systems have multiple technical shortcomings when used in special environments such as charging stations, which seriously affects the efficiency of fire extinguishing and the reliability of equipment. Traditional fire protection systems mostly use stand-alone devices, such as smoke detectors, temperature sensors and other single-trigger fire extinguishing devices. These devices usually lack intelligent collaboration and cannot achieve real-time information interaction and linkage between devices, resulting in a high rate of mis-spraying of fire extinguishing agents. For example, when a temperature sensor misjudges a high temperature environment as a fire, it may trigger a fire extinguishing device, thereby wasting fire extinguishing agents and may even accidentally injure equipment or personnel. The mis-spraying rate is as high as 12% to 18%. In addition, due to the large response delay (greater than 8 seconds), this system cannot respond to the spread of the fire in the early stages in a timely manner, causing the fire to spread rapidly, further increasing the difficulty and danger of fire fighting.

[0003] Existing communication technologies also have significant shortcomings in fire environments. Traditional wired communication solutions, such as RS485 or CAN bus wiring, have high deployment costs, are difficult to troubleshoot, and have long repair times (over 2 hours). Wireless communication technologies, such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, have poor interference resistance in fire environments, with packet loss rates exceeding 45%. This makes information transmission unstable in emergency situations, significantly impacting system reliability and real-time responsiveness.

[0004] Furthermore, existing firefighting strategies often rely on blanket spraying, lacking precise firefighting strategies. This often results in wasted firefighting agents and inefficient utilization (less than 35%). This firefighting strategy not only wastes a significant amount of firefighting agent resources but can also exacerbate fire spread in the event of battery thermal runaway, increasing the difficulty and risk of firefighting.

[0005] The defects of these existing technologies make traditional fire protection systems unable to meet the needs of dealing with rapidly spreading fires in high-risk places such as charging stations. There is an urgent need for a more efficient and intelligent fire linkage control system to achieve collaborative work between equipment, reliable emergency communications and efficient use of fire extinguishing agents.

[0006] Therefore, based on the above technical problems, it is necessary for technicians in this field to develop a distributed fire linkage control system. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a distributed fire linkage control system to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A technical solution for a distributed fire linkage control system, including:

[0010] a perception module configured to detect fire signals through multimodal sensor fusion, including an infrared thermal imaging unit, a gas sensor unit, and a pressure monitoring unit, wherein the infrared thermal imaging unit is used to locate the coordinates of the fire source, the gas sensor unit is used to detect changes in CO or VOC concentrations to confirm the type of combustion, and the pressure monitoring unit monitors the pressure of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank in real time;

[0011] The communication module uses wireless communication technology based on the LoRaWAN protocol, integrates adaptive frequency hopping technology and forward error correction coding, dynamically switches 16 sub-channels within the 902-928MHz frequency band, and has a packet loss rate of less than 1%;

[0012] a control module, based on an edge computing architecture, configured to receive data from the perception module and predict the fire range using a fire propagation model, generate a coordinated injection strategy, wherein the coordinated injection strategy prioritizes activating at least three fire extinguishing devices upwind of the fire source to form an isolation zone, and dynamically adjusts the injection volume;

[0013] An actuator module includes a magnetostrictive actuator and a nano-aerosol injection device. The magnetostrictive actuator is made of Terfenol-D material, has a driving stroke of 0.5 mm ± 0.01 mm, and consumes less than 5 W.

[0014] The monitoring module provides real-time feedback on the fire extinguishing agent inventory and triggers a low inventory warning through the pressure sensor, while also monitoring the system's operating status.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the detection sensitivity of the gas sensor unit is Δ[CO]>50ppm / 10 seconds, and the triggering condition of the infrared thermal imaging unit is temperature>80°C for 5 seconds.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the forward error correction coding of the communication module adopts the Reed-Solomon algorithm, and the error correction capability is to repair up to 15% of the bit errors in each frame of data.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the fire spread model predicts the fire coverage within the next 10 seconds based on the burning rate v = 0.3m / s, and generates a dynamic injection volume formula Q = K × A × v, where K is the diffusion coefficient of the fire extinguishing agent and A is the fire source area.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, the driving coil of the magnetostrictive actuator is wound with 50 turns of 0.5 mm enameled wire, the ultrasonic atomizer connected to the nozzle has an operating frequency of 1.7 MHz, and an atomization volume of 5 mL / s.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution, the pressure sensor of the monitoring module adopts a ceramic piezoresistive element with a measuring range of 0-2MPa and an accuracy of ±0.1kPa.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution, the system further includes a fault self-diagnosis unit configured to detect communication link interruption, sensor failure or drive jam in real time, with a self-diagnosis accuracy rate higher than 99%.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, the particle size of the nano aerosol is in the range of 100-200 nm, and the spray coverage uniformity is greater than 90%.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution, the average response time of the system is ≤3 seconds, the utilization rate of the fire extinguishing agent is ≥75%, and the mis-spraying rate is <3%.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution, the communication module can be replaced with NB-IoT or 5G network, and the fire extinguishing agent of the execution module can be replaced with dry powder fire extinguishing agent and integrated with a cleaning module.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] This invention is a distributed fire linkage control system. Through multimodal perception fusion technology (thermal imaging to locate the fire source + gas sensors to confirm the combustion type) combined with real-time pressure monitoring, the system can accurately distinguish between real fire conditions and environmental interference, reducing the mis-injection rate from 12%-18% in traditional solutions to less than 3%, greatly reducing the waste of fire extinguishing agents and the risk of misoperation.

[0026] Using the optimized LoRaWAN protocol, integrated with adaptive frequency hopping technology and forward error correction coding (such as the Reed-Solomon algorithm), the communication packet loss rate in complex fire environments is reduced from >45% in traditional solutions to <1%, ensuring real-time and stable transmission of fire alarm information and timely emergency response.

[0027] Based on an intelligent decision-making architecture based on edge computing, combined with a fire propagation model (burning rate v = 0.3m / s) and a coordinated injection algorithm, the system's average response time is shortened to ≤3 seconds (compared to >8 seconds for traditional systems). Fire extinguishing devices are dynamically dispatched upwind of the fire source to form an isolation zone, increasing fire extinguishing agent utilization from 30%-40% to ≥75%, with coverage uniformity >90%, effectively suppressing the spread of fire.

[0028] The magnetostrictive actuator uses Terfenol-D material, with power consumption of only <5W / node (traditional solenoid valves >20W), a 60% reduction in size, and a drive accuracy of ±0.01mm, achieving high-precision, low-energy fire extinguishing execution control;

[0029] The monitoring module integrates a pressure sensor (accuracy ±0.1kPa) and a fault self-diagnosis unit (accuracy >99%), providing real-time feedback on fire extinguishing agent inventory and equipment status, and supports rapid fault location (such as communication interruption and sensor failure), significantly reducing the mean time to repair from the >2 hours of traditional solutions.

[0030] Through collaborative innovation of multiple technologies, this invention has achieved breakthroughs in response speed, resource utilization, communication reliability and equipment energy efficiency. It can significantly reduce fire losses, improve fire safety in high-risk places, and has significant economic and social benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a module diagram of a distributed fire linkage control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution for a distributed fire linkage control system, which includes the following modules:

[0034] Perception Module: This module is equipped with multiple sensors, including an infrared thermal imaging unit, a gas sensor unit, and a pressure monitoring unit. The infrared thermal imaging unit monitors ambient temperature in real time and uses image processing to locate the fire source. The gas sensor unit detects changes in CO or VOC concentrations in the air to confirm the type of combustion. The pressure monitoring unit monitors the pressure in the fire extinguishing agent tank in real time to ensure an adequate supply of extinguishing agent.

[0035] Among them, the detection sensitivity of the gas sensor unit is Δ[CO]>50ppm / 10 seconds, and the trigger condition of the infrared thermal imaging unit is temperature>80℃ for 5 seconds.

[0036] Communication Module: This module utilizes wireless communication technology based on the LoRaWAN protocol, integrating adaptive frequency hopping and forward error correction coding, such as the Reed-Solomon algorithm. The module dynamically switches between 16 subchannels within the 902-928 MHz frequency band to minimize interference and ensure reliable communication. With a packet loss rate of less than 1%, it ensures real-time and stable transmission of fire alarm information.

[0037] The forward error correction coding of the communication module adopts the Reed-Solomon algorithm, and its error correction capability is to repair up to 15% of the bit errors in each frame of data.

[0038] The communication module can be replaced with NB-IoT or 5G network, and the fire extinguishing agent of the execution module can be replaced with dry powder fire extinguishing agent and integrated with a cleaning module.

[0039] Control Module: Based on an edge computing architecture, this module receives data from the perception module and uses a fire spread model to predict the fire's extent. The control module generates a coordinated injection strategy, prioritizing the activation of at least three fire extinguishing devices upwind of the fire source to form a containment zone. The control module dynamically adjusts the injection volume to efficiently utilize the extinguishing agent and suppress the spread of the fire.

[0040] Among them, the fire spread model is based on the burning rate v = 0.3m / s, predicts the fire coverage within the next 10 seconds, and generates the dynamic injection volume formula Q = K × A × v accordingly, where K is the diffusion coefficient of the fire extinguishing agent and A is the fire source area.

[0041] Actuator: Consists of a magnetostrictive actuator and a nano-aerosol spray device. The magnetostrictive actuator is made of Terfenol-D material, has a drive stroke of 0.5mm ± 0.01mm, and consumes less than 5W. The actuator atomizes the fire extinguishing agent through an ultrasonic atomizer, achieving spray coverage uniformity greater than 90%.

[0042] Among them, the driving coil of the magnetostrictive actuator is wound with 50 turns of 0.5mm enameled wire, and the ultrasonic atomizer connected to the nozzle has an operating frequency of 1.7MHz and an atomization volume of 5mL / s.

[0043] Monitoring Module: This module provides real-time feedback on fire extinguishing agent levels and triggers low-level warnings via pressure sensors. It also monitors system operating status, including faults such as communication link interruptions, sensor failures, and actuator jams.

[0044] Among them, the pressure sensor of the monitoring module adopts ceramic piezoresistive elements with a measuring range of 0-2MPa and an accuracy of ±0.1kPa.

[0045] The system also includes a fault self-diagnosis unit configured to detect communication link interruption, sensor failure or drive jam in real time, with a self-diagnosis accuracy rate of over 99%.

[0046] The particle size of the nano aerosol is in the range of 100-200 nm, and the spray coverage uniformity is >90%.

[0047] The average response time of the system is ≤3 seconds, the utilization rate of fire extinguishing agent is ≥75%, and the mis-spraying rate is <3%.

[0048] Comparison between existing technology and the invention technology:

[0049] index Traditional fire protection system The present invention Response time 8-12 seconds ≤3 seconds Fire extinguishing agent utilization rate 30％-40％ 75％-80％ False spray rate 12％-18％ ＜3％ Communication reliability Wi-Fi packet loss rate > 45% LoRaWAN packet loss rate <1% Energy consumption 20W / node 50,000 / node

[0050] The system's operating principle and usage process: The system first monitors the ambient temperature using the infrared thermal imaging unit of the sensing module. If the temperature exceeds 80°C for 5 seconds, it triggers the fire source location process. Simultaneously, the gas sensor unit begins detecting changes in CO or VOC concentrations in the air to further confirm the combustion type. Once a fire is confirmed, the pressure monitoring unit monitors the pressure in the fire extinguishing agent tank in real time to ensure sufficient extinguishing agent.

[0051] The communication module immediately activated, utilizing the LoRaWAN protocol for wireless communication. Integrating adaptive frequency hopping technology and forward error correction coding, it ensured real-time and stable transmission of fire alarm information even in complex environments. Upon receiving the sensor data, the control module, based on its edge computing architecture and fire propagation model, predicted the fire's extent and rapidly generated a coordinated spraying strategy, prioritizing the activation of fire extinguishing devices upwind of the fire source to form a containment zone.

[0052] The magnetostrictive actuator in the actuator module drives the nano-aerosol spray device with high precision and low power consumption, evenly atomizing and spraying the fire extinguishing agent toward the fire source. The monitoring module provides real-time feedback on the fire extinguishing agent inventory and system operating status. If a fault is detected, it triggers an immediate warning and supports rapid fault location.

[0053] The entire system can complete the entire process from fire monitoring to fire extinguishing agent injection within an average response time of ≤3 seconds. The fire extinguishing agent utilization rate is as high as ≥75%, and the mis-injection rate is <3%, effectively improving fire safety in high-risk places.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] While the embodiments of the present invention are described above, these embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present invention to specific embodiments. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the above description. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to make good use of the present invention and its modifications and uses. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed fire linkage control system, characterized in that: include: a perception module configured to detect fire signals through multimodal sensor fusion, including an infrared thermal imaging unit, a gas sensor unit, and a pressure monitoring unit, wherein the infrared thermal imaging unit is used to locate the coordinates of the fire source, the gas sensor unit is used to detect changes in CO or VOC concentrations to confirm the type of combustion, and the pressure monitoring unit monitors the pressure of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank in real time; The communication module uses wireless communication technology based on the LoRaWAN protocol, integrates adaptive frequency hopping technology and forward error correction coding, dynamically switches 16 sub-channels within the 902-928MHz frequency band, and has a packet loss rate of less than 1%; a control module, based on an edge computing architecture, configured to receive data from the perception module and predict the fire range using a fire propagation model, generate a coordinated injection strategy, wherein the coordinated injection strategy prioritizes activating at least three fire extinguishing devices upwind of the fire source to form an isolation zone, and dynamically adjusts the injection volume; An actuator module includes a magnetostrictive actuator and a nano-aerosol injection device. The magnetostrictive actuator is made of Terfenol-D material, has a driving stroke of 0.5 mm ± 0.01 mm, and consumes less than 5 W. The monitoring module provides real-time feedback on the fire extinguishing agent inventory and triggers a low inventory warning through the pressure sensor, while also monitoring the system's operating status.

2. A distributed fire linkage control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection sensitivity of the gas sensor unit is Δ[CO]>50ppm / 10 seconds, and the triggering condition of the infrared thermal imaging unit is that the temperature is>80°C for 5 seconds.

3. A distributed fire linkage control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forward error correction coding of the communication module adopts the Reed-Solomon algorithm, and the error correction capability is to repair up to 15% of the bit errors in each frame of data.

4. A distributed fire linkage control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire spread model predicts the fire coverage within the next 10 seconds based on the burning rate v = 0.3m / s, and generates a dynamic injection volume formula Q = K × A × v, where K is the diffusion coefficient of the fire extinguishing agent and A is the fire source area.

5. A distributed fire linkage control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving coil of the magnetostrictive actuator is wound with 50 turns of 0.5 mm enameled wire. The ultrasonic atomizer connected to the nozzle has an operating frequency of 1.7 MHz and an atomization volume of 5 mL / s.

6. A distributed fire linkage control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensor of the monitoring module adopts a ceramic piezoresistive element with a measuring range of 0-2MPa and an accuracy of ±0.1kPa.

7. A distributed fire linkage control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a fault self-diagnosis unit configured to detect communication link interruption, sensor failure or drive jam in real time, with a self-diagnosis accuracy rate exceeding 99%.

8. The distributed fire linkage control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the nano aerosol is in the range of 100-200 nm, and the spray coverage uniformity is greater than 90%.

9. The distributed fire linkage control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The average response time of the system is ≤3 seconds, the utilization rate of the fire extinguishing agent is ≥75%, and the mis-spraying rate is <3%.

10. A distributed fire linkage control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module can be replaced with NB-IoT or 5G network, and the fire extinguishing agent of the execution module can be replaced with dry powder fire extinguishing agent and integrated with a cleaning module.

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