Friction stir welding device and welding method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of welding technology and provides a friction stir welding device and a welding method thereof. The friction stir welding device includes a workbench, a welding system, a feed system, and a feeding system. The welding system includes a stirring head and a spindle drive mechanism. The stirring head has an upper shoulder, a lower shoulder, and a stirring needle. The feed system drives the welding system to move horizontally. The feeding system includes a feeding mechanism and an air flotation mechanism. The feeding mechanism has a chip collection barrel and an air blowing guide assembly, and may also be provided with a material receiving tray. The air flotation mechanism provides a vertical upward airflow to the material collection end. A clamping assembly is provided above the workbench, a driven sliding assembly is provided below the workbench, and a lifting platform is provided on one side of the spindle drive mechanism. Furthermore, the present application relates to a welding method using the device. The present application achieves the following effects: optimizing the friction stir welding process, improving welding quality and efficiency, and achieving precise feeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of welding technology, and in particular to a friction stir welding device and a welding method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of welding, friction stir welding (FSW), with its non-melting process characteristics, effectively avoids the thermal cracking, porosity, and element burnout that are common in traditional fusion welding. Friction stir welding utilizes frictional heat generated by the high-speed rotation of the stirring tool and mechanical extrusion to induce plastic flow in the workpiece, forming a dense weld. It is particularly suitable for joining lightweight materials such as aluminum and magnesium alloys.

[0003] Dual-shoulder friction stir welding (FSW) utilizes two shoulders, one on each side, to act on the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece, collaborating with a stirring pin embedded within the workpiece to complete the welding process. This effectively addresses the issues of high upsetting force, incomplete back penetration, and root defects associated with conventional FSW. However, FSW with dual-shoulder technology can lead to defects such as incomplete fusion, voids, and gaps at the weld due to insufficient fill, which can severely impact the overall strength and sealing performance of the weld.

[0004] In addition, since stir friction welding is a one-time forming process, once internal defects occur, subsequent repair welding is difficult, and the repair welding process is likely to cause structural damage and performance degradation, thereby affecting the safety and reliability of the overall component. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve welding defects caused by insufficient filling at the welding point, the present application provides a stir friction welding device and a welding method thereof.

[0006] On the one hand, the present application provides a friction stir welding device, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A friction stir welding device comprises:

[0008] Workbench;

[0009] A welding system comprising a stirring head and a spindle drive mechanism disposed on the workbench, wherein the stirring head comprises an upper shoulder, a lower shoulder, and a stirring needle connected between the upper shoulder and the lower shoulder, and the spindle drive mechanism is used to drive the upper shoulder to rotate;

[0010] A feeding system, provided on the workbench, for driving the welding system to move horizontally;

[0011] The feeding system includes a feeding mechanism and an air flotation mechanism, the feeding mechanism includes a chip collection barrel and an air blowing material guide assembly, the chip collection barrel is sleeved outside the stirring head, and the bottom of the chip collection barrel is arranged close to the bottom of the upper shaft shoulder; the chip collection barrel includes an air inlet end and a material collection end arranged opposite to each other, and the material collection end is gradually arranged; the air blowing material guide assembly includes a first air blowing nozzle of a first air supply source that is interconnected, and the air inlet end is provided with a plurality of the first air blowing nozzles, the air outlet of the first air blowing nozzle is located in the chip collection barrel, and the blowing direction of the first air blowing nozzle is arranged toward the feed direction of the welding system; the air flotation mechanism is slidably arranged under the workbench, and is used to provide a vertical upward airflow to the material collection end.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, a feeding mechanism is used to collect material debris generated by stir friction welding, and the first air blowing nozzle blows air in the moving direction of the welding system. Under the guidance of the chip collecting end in the chip collecting barrel, the debris located behind the stirring head in the chip collecting barrel is gathered toward the welding gap to be welded. The flotation mechanism provides a vertical upward airflow to assist the debris moved into the welding gap so that it can be suspended to the middle position of the welding gap. The stirring head can use the debris to feed the welding during operation, improve welding defects such as incomplete fusion, holes and gaps caused by insufficient filling in the weld, improve the overall strength and sealing performance of the weld, reduce structural damage and performance degradation caused by the need for repair welding due to internal defects, and improve the safety and reliability of the workpiece after welding.

[0013] Optionally, the air flotation mechanism includes a second air supply source and an air box that are interconnected, and a plurality of air outlet holes are opened on the top of the air box.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the second gas source supplies gas to the gas box, and the gas is ejected from multiple air outlets opened on the top of the gas box to form a vertical upward airflow. The airflow can act on the material debris at the gathering end of the feeding mechanism, so that the material debris falling into the welding gap is suspended in the welding gap, so that these material debris can be used to feed the welding, improve the welding defects caused by insufficient filling of the welding point, and improve the overall strength and sealing performance of the weld.

[0015] Optionally, the air blowing material guiding assembly also includes a second air blowing nozzle, which is also connected to the first air supply source, and multiple second air blowing nozzles are arranged at the material gathering end; the air outlet of the second air blowing nozzle is located in the chip gathering barrel, and the blowing direction of the second air blowing nozzle is set vertically downward.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the second blowing nozzle is connected to the first gas source and multiple ones are arranged at the gathering end. The blowing direction is vertically downward, which can blow the material debris gathered at the gathering end into the welding gap more accurately, thereby replenishing the welding point, improving welding defects caused by insufficient filling, and improving the overall strength and sealing performance of the weld.

[0017] Optionally, the feeding mechanism further includes a material receiving tray, which is connected to the bottom of the lower shaft shoulder, and a plurality of air inlet holes are provided on the bottom wall of the material receiving tray.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the material receiving tray is connected to the bottom of the lower shoulder, which can receive the material debris generated by the welding of the lower end face of the workpiece, and a plurality of air inlet holes are provided on the bottom wall of the material receiving tray. Combined with the vertical upward airflow provided by the flotation mechanism, the material debris in the material receiving tray can be moved into the welding gap under the action of the flotation mechanism, so that the material debris can be used to supplement the welding, thereby improving welding defects such as incomplete fusion, holes and gaps caused by insufficient filling in the weld.

[0019] Optionally, a clamping assembly is further provided on the workbench, and the clamping assembly includes two sets of clamps arranged opposite to each other on the workbench.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the clamping assembly arranged on the workbench includes two opposite sets of clamps, which can stably fix the workpiece to be welded on the workbench, avoiding displacement or shaking of the workpiece during stir friction welding, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the welding operation, and thus improving the welding quality.

[0021] Optionally, a driven sliding assembly is provided under the workbench, and the driven sliding assembly includes a driving source, a horizontal slide rail, and a sliding base slidingly arranged on the horizontal slide rail; the driving source is used to drive the sliding base to slide along the horizontal slide rail, and the air flotation mechanism is arranged on the sliding base.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving source in the driven sliding assembly can drive the sliding base to slide along the horizontal slide rail. Since the flotation mechanism is arranged on the sliding base, it drives the flotation mechanism to move synchronously with the welding system, so that the flotation mechanism can continuously provide vertical upward airflow to the welding gap near the gathering end, ensuring the stable operation of the feeding system, realizing continuous feeding of the welding point, and improving welding defects caused by insufficient filling of the welding point.

[0023] Optionally, a lifting platform is provided on one side of the spindle driving mechanism, and the lifting platform includes a lifting end, and the lifting end is fixedly connected to the chip collecting barrel.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the installation of the lifting platform enables the chip collector to be raised and lowered. When welding workpieces of different thicknesses or adjusting the relative position of the chip collector to the upper shoulder during welding, the lifting end can drive the chip collector up or down to ensure that the bottom of the chip collector is in the optimal position close to the bottom of the upper shoulder, thereby more effectively collecting material debris generated by friction stir welding.

[0025] Optionally, the workbench includes two loading platforms arranged opposite to each other, the air flotation mechanism is arranged between the two loading platforms, and each loading platform is provided with a set of the clamps.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the workbench is provided with two opposite loading platforms, on which the workpieces to be welded can be placed respectively. The workpieces can be firmly fixed on the workbench in conjunction with the clamps on the loading platforms, thereby ensuring the stability of the workpieces during the welding process. At the same time, the air flotation mechanism is arranged between the two loading platforms, which can provide a stable vertical upward airflow for the welding point, helping to better transport the material debris generated by stir friction welding to the welding position, thereby realizing the material replenishment operation.

[0027] Optionally, the spindle drive mechanism includes a rotation source and a drive box, the drive box includes an output shaft and an input shaft, the input shaft is connected to the rotation source, and the output shaft is detachably connected to the stirring head.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the stirring head and the spindle drive mechanism can be detachably connected, which facilitates the replacement and maintenance of the stirring head, improves the flexibility and convenience of the device, and thus ensures the normal operation and welding quality of the stir friction welding device.

[0029] On the other hand, the present application provides a welding method, which uses any one of the above-mentioned friction stir welding devices to weld a workpiece, comprising the following steps:

[0030] S1, placing the workpiece to be welded on the workbench, and clamping the workpiece using the two clamps arranged opposite to each other on the workbench;

[0031] S2, starting the spindle drive mechanism to drive the upper shoulder of the stirring head to rotate, and at the same time driving the welding system to move horizontally through the feeding system to perform friction stir welding on the workpiece;

[0032] S3, during the welding process, starting the feeding system, using the chip collecting barrel to collect the material debris generated by welding, and using the air blowing material guide assembly and the air flotation mechanism to move the material debris into the welding gap to achieve feeding of the weld;

[0033] S5, when welding is completed, the spindle drive mechanism, the feeding system and the material replenishing system are turned off, the clamp is released, and the welded workpiece is removed.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, the material debris generated in stir friction welding can be used to fill the weld, improve welding defects such as incomplete fusion, holes and gaps caused by insufficient filling in the weld, and enhance the overall strength and sealing performance of the weld; it can also avoid the difficulty of subsequent repair welding caused by internal defects in one-time forming by stir friction welding, and avoid structural damage and performance degradation caused by repair welding.

[0035] In summary, this application has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The present application can utilize a feeding system to collect material debris generated by friction stir welding and feed it, thereby improving welding defects such as incomplete fusion, holes, and voids caused by insufficient filling at the weld;

[0037] This application can reduce the need for repair welding due to welding defects, avoid structural damage and performance degradation caused by repair welding, and improve the safety and reliability of the overall component;

[0038] In this application, the material receiving tray works together with the flotation mechanism to recycle the material debris generated by welding the lower end face of the workpiece, so that the material debris generated by welding the lower end face of the workpiece can also be moved into the welding gap to realize the material filling operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 1 is an isometric structural diagram of the friction stir welding device in Example 1 of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the main shaft drive structure and the stirring head in Example 1 of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the feeding mechanism in Example 1 of the present application;

[0042] Figure 4 1 is a front view structural diagram of the friction stir welding device in Example 1 of the present application;

[0043] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the air flotation mechanism in Example 1 of the present application;

[0044] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. workbench; 11. loading platform; 12. carrier; 13. carrier plate; 2. stirring head; 21. upper shaft shoulder; 22. lower shaft shoulder; 23. stirring needle; 24. plug-in rod; 3. spindle drive mechanism; 31. rotation source; 32. drive box; 321. box shell; 322. output shaft; 323. input shaft; 324. rotating shaft; 4. feeding system; 41. mounting support; 5. feeding mechanism; 51. chip collecting cylinder; 511. air inlet end; 512. material collecting end; 51 3. Flexible sheet; 52. Air blowing material guide assembly; 521. First air supply source; 522. First air blowing nozzle; 523. Second air blowing nozzle; 53. Material receiving tray; 531. Air inlet; 6. Air flotation mechanism; 61. Second air supply source; 62. Air box; 621. Air outlet; 622. Air inlet cavity; 7. Fixture; 8. Driven sliding assembly; 81. Driving source; 82. Horizontal slide rail; 83. Sliding base; 9. Lifting platform; 91. Lifting end; 10. Workpiece; 101. Welding gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 5 This application is described in further detail.

[0046] Example 1:

[0047] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Example 1 The stir friction welding device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a workbench 1, a welding system, a feeding system 4 and a feeding system; wherein, the welding system, the feeding system 4 and the feeding system are all arranged on the workbench 1. Specifically, the workbench 1 includes a carrier 12 and two relatively arranged loading platforms 11; two carriers 12 are arranged at intervals, one end of the carrier 12 is welded and fixed on one loading platform 11, and the other end of the carrier 12 is welded and fixed on the other loading platform 11. Two groups of clamps 7 are provided on both loading platforms 11, and the two groups of clamps 7 are arranged relatively. A group of clamps 7 includes two spaced-apart clamps 7. The clamp 7 can be a hydraulic clamp or a pneumatic clamp. The feeding system 4 is configured as a horizontal slide module driven by a motor screw, and a mounting support 41 is fixed on the slide of the horizontal slide module. In other embodiments, the feeding system 4 can also use a robotic arm.

[0048] Reference Figure 2The welding system includes a stirring head 2 and a spindle drive mechanism 3. The spindle drive mechanism 3 includes a rotation source 31 and a drive box 32. The drive box 32 includes a housing 321, a transmission component (not shown) disposed within the housing 321, and an input shaft 323 and an output shaft 322 connected to the transmission component. The rotation source 31 is fixed to the mounting bracket 41. The rotation source 31 uses a servo motor, and the drive shaft of the rotation source 31 is coaxially fixed to the input shaft 323. A rotating shaft 324 is coaxially fixed to the output shaft 322.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 The stirring head 2 includes an upper shoulder 21, a lower shoulder 22, and a stirring pin 23 fixedly connected between the upper shoulder 21 and the lower shoulder 22. A plug rod 24 is integrally formed on the upper shoulder 21, one end of which is inserted into the rotating shaft 324. The plug rod 24 and the rotating shaft 324 are fixed by friction, thereby realizing a detachable connection between the stirring head 2 and the rotating shaft 324.

[0050] The stirring head 2 is configured as a rotating body. In this embodiment, the upper and lower shoulders 21, 22 are cylindrical, and the ends of the stirring pin 23 are configured as gradually expanding truncated cones. The outer wall of the stirring pin 23 can also be machined with threads, which can better promote plastic flow in the workpiece 10 during rotation. The spindle drive mechanism 3 drives the upper shoulder 21 to rotate, which in turn causes the stirring head 2 to rotate, generating frictional heat and mechanical extrusion, promoting plastic flow in the workpiece 10 to be welded, forming a dense weld.

[0051] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The feeding system includes a feeding mechanism 5 and an air flotation mechanism 6. The feeding mechanism 5 includes a chip collecting barrel 51, an air blowing material guide assembly 52, and a material receiving tray 53. The chip collecting barrel 51 is sleeved outside the mixing head. The bottom of the chip collecting barrel 51 is open, and the bottom of the chip collecting barrel 51 is arranged near the bottom of the upper shaft shoulder 21; the top is closed, and the top of the chip collecting barrel 51 is also provided with a through hole for the rotating shaft 324 to pass through. A lifting platform 9 is also fixed to the mounting support 41. The lifting platform 9 includes a lifting end 91 that can be raised and lowered, and the lifting end 91 is fixedly connected to the top of the chip collecting barrel 51.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The bottom of the chip collecting barrel 51 is also fixed with multiple flexible sheets 513 along its own contour. The multiple flexible sheets 513 form a ring at the bottom of the chip collecting barrel 51. When the chip collecting barrel 51 is in use, the chip collecting barrel 51 can be moved by the lifting platform 9 so that the flexible sheets 513 are against the upper surface of the workpiece 10, thereby improving the sealing between the chip collecting barrel 51 and the workpiece 10 and preventing scratches on the workpiece 10. The flexible sheets 513 can be made of cloth or rubber sheets.

[0053] Reference Figure 3The chip collecting barrel 51 includes an air inlet end 511 and a material collecting end 512 that are arranged opposite to each other, and the material collecting end 512 is tapered. The air blowing guide assembly 52 includes a first air supply source 521, a first air blowing nozzle 522, and a second air blowing nozzle 523. The air inlet end 511 is provided with a plurality of first air blowing nozzles 522, which are passed through the chip collecting barrel 51 and fixedly connected to the side wall of the chip collecting barrel 51. The air outlet of the first air blowing nozzle 522 is located in the chip collecting barrel 51, and its blowing direction is toward the feed direction of the welding system. In this embodiment, the blowing direction of the first air blowing nozzle 522 is parallel to the feed direction of the welding system. In other embodiments, the blowing direction of the first air blowing nozzle 522 can also be tilted toward the feed direction of the welding system.

[0054] The second air blowing nozzle 523 is located at the material collection end 512, and multiple second air blowing nozzles 523 are spaced apart along the feed direction of the welding system. The second air outlet nozzle is vertically inserted through the chip collection barrel 51 and fixedly connected to the side wall of the chip collection barrel 51. The air outlet of the first air blowing nozzle 522 is located within the chip collection barrel 51, and the second air blowing nozzle 523 is set to blow air vertically downward. Both the first air blowing nozzle 522 and the second air blowing nozzle 523 can be direct-injection nozzles. The first air supply source 521 can be an air compressor. Each of the first air blowing nozzles 522 and the second air blowing nozzle 523 is connected to the first air supply source 521 via a hose, so that the first air supply source 521 provides a stable airflow to the first air blowing nozzle 522 and the second air blowing nozzle 523. The outlet air pressure of the first air blowing nozzle 522 and the second air blowing nozzle 523 can be adjusted by adjusting the operating power of the first air supply source 521.

[0055] When the welding system and feed system 4 are activated to perform friction stir welding on the workpiece 10, material debris is generated. The first gas supply source 521 is activated, causing the first air blowing nozzle 522 to blow air in the direction of movement of the welding system. Under the guidance of the chip collecting end in the chip collecting barrel 51 and the blowing of the airflow, the debris located behind the stirring head 2 in the chip collecting barrel 51 moves toward the chip collecting end, gathers, and moves to the welding gap 101 formed between the two workpieces 10 to be welded. The second air blowing nozzle 523 blows air vertically downward, further blowing the material debris gathered at the material collecting end 512 into the welding gap 101.

[0056] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5A carrier plate 13 is fixed between the two loading platforms 11, and a driven sliding assembly 8 is fixedly connected to the carrier plate 13. The driven sliding assembly 8 includes a horizontal slide rail 82, a drive source 81, and a sliding base 83 slidably connected to the horizontal slide rail 82. The horizontal slide rail 82 is parallel to the feed direction of the welding system. In this embodiment, the drive source 81 is a servo motor, which drives the sliding base 83 along the horizontal slide rail 82 via a screw drive. The air flotation mechanism 6 includes a second air supply source 61 and an air box 62. Both the second air supply source 61 and the air box 62 are fixed to the sliding base 83. In this embodiment, the second air supply source 61 is an air pump. The air box 62 is configured in a rectangular box shape and is located near the material collection end 512. An air inlet chamber 62 is defined within the air box 62. A plurality of air holes 621 are defined on the top of the air box 62, and each air outlet 621 is connected to the air inlet chamber 622.

[0057] The second air supply source 61 is connected to the air inlet chamber 622 of the air box 62 via a pipe, providing air to the air inlet chamber 622 and ejecting air upward through the air outlet 621. The ejected airflow acts on the material debris at the material collection end 512 of the feeding mechanism 5 and below the stirring head 2, causing the material debris that has fallen into the welding gap 101 to be suspended within the welding gap 101. In addition, the bottom wall of the receiving tray 53 is provided with multiple air inlet holes 531. When the material debris carried on the receiving tray 53 moves to the air outlet 621, the ejected airflow can pass through the air inlet holes 531 to blow the material collected on the receiving tray into the welding gap 101. This allows the material debris generated during the operation of the welding system to be used to feed the weld.

[0058] The operating principle of this embodiment is as follows: the material filling mechanism 5 cooperates with the welding system and feed system 4. When the welding system is operating, the generated material debris is collected by the debris collection cylinder 51 and moved into the welding gap 101 by the combined action of the air blowing material guide assembly 52. ​​At the same time, the air flow provided by the air flotation mechanism 6 ensures that the debris can smoothly reach and float within the welding gap 101, thus filling the weld and improving welding defects caused by insufficient filling. Compared with traditional friction stir welding devices, this device can effectively improve welding defects, enhance the overall strength and sealing performance of the weld, reduce the difficulty and risk of subsequent repair welding, and improve the safety and reliability of the overall component.

[0059] Example 2:

[0060] The welding method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0061] S1, place the workpiece 10 to be welded on the workbench 1, and use two clamps 7 arranged opposite to each other on the workbench 1 to clamp the workpiece 10. The clamps 7 firmly fix the two workpieces 10 to be welded on the workbench 1, ensuring the position of the workpieces 10 is stable during the welding process, and preventing the workpieces 10 from moving and affecting the welding quality.

[0062] S2, start the spindle drive mechanism 3, drive the upper shaft shoulder 21 of the stirring head 2 to rotate, and at the same time drive the welding system to move horizontally through the feeding system 4 to stir friction welding the workpiece 10.

[0063] During the welding process, the rotation of the stirring head 2 generates frictional heat and mechanical extrusion, which promotes the plastic flow of the workpiece 10 to form a weld.

[0064] S3, during the welding process, the material feeding system is started, the chip collecting barrel 51 is used to collect the material debris generated by welding, and the air blowing material guide assembly 52 and the air flotation mechanism 6 are used to move the material debris into the welding gap 101 to achieve material feeding at the welding point.

[0065] The feeding system and the driven sliding assembly 8 are turned on after the spindle drive system is started. When the feeding system is in operation, the first air supply source 521 supplies air to the first air blowing nozzle 522 and the second air blowing nozzle 523. The first air blowing nozzle 522 blows the material debris in the chip collecting barrel 51 in the feed direction of the welding system, and the second air blowing nozzle 523 blows the accumulated material debris at the collecting end 512 downward to the welding gap 101 between the two workpieces 10. At the same time, the second air supply source 61 of the air flotation mechanism 6 supplies air to the air box 62. The gas is ejected from the air outlet 621 at the top of the air box 62, forming a vertical upward airflow, which blows the material debris on the receiving tray 53 up and blows it to the welding gap 101, and keeps the material debris in the welding gap 101 in a suspended state, thereby achieving feeding at the weld.

[0066] During the welding process, the driving source 81 of the driven sliding assembly 8 drives the sliding base 83 to slide along the horizontal slide rail 82, driving the flotation mechanism 6 to move synchronously with the stirring head 2 along the feeding direction of the welding system, ensuring that the flotation mechanism 6 can always provide appropriate airflow to the bottom of the gathering end 512.

[0067] S5, when welding is completed, the spindle drive mechanism 3, the feeding system 4 and the material replenishing system are turned off, the clamp 7 is released, and the welded workpiece 10 is removed.

[0068] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A friction stir welding device, characterized in that: include: Workbench (1); A welding system comprising a stirring head (2) and a spindle drive mechanism (3) arranged on the workbench (1), wherein the stirring head (2) comprises an upper shoulder (21), a lower shoulder (22), and a stirring needle (23) connected between the upper shoulder (21) and the lower shoulder (22), and the spindle drive mechanism (3) is used for driving the upper shoulder (21) to rotate; A feeding system (4) is provided on the workbench (1) and is used to drive the welding system to move horizontally; A feeding system comprises a feeding mechanism (5) and an air flotation mechanism (6), wherein the feeding mechanism (5) comprises a chip collecting barrel (51) and an air blowing material guide assembly (52), wherein the chip collecting barrel (51) is sleeved outside the stirring head (2), and the bottom of the chip collecting barrel (51) is arranged close to the bottom of the upper shaft shoulder (21); the chip collecting barrel (51) comprises an air inlet end (511) and a material collecting end (512) arranged opposite to each other, and the material collecting end (512) is arranged to be gradually contracted; the air blowing material guide assembly (52) comprises a corresponding A first air blowing nozzle (522) of an interconnected first air supply source (521), the air inlet end (511) is provided with a plurality of the first air blowing nozzles (522), the air outlet of the first air blowing nozzle (522) is located in the chip collecting barrel (51), and the blowing direction of the first air blowing nozzle (522) is set toward the feeding direction of the welding system; the air flotation mechanism (6) is slidably provided below the workbench (1) and is used to provide a vertical upward air flow to the material collecting end (512); The air-blowing material guiding assembly (52) further includes a second air-blowing nozzle (523), which is also connected to the first air supply source (521), and a plurality of the second air-blowing nozzles (523) are provided at the material gathering end (512); the air outlet of the second air-blowing nozzle (523) is located in the chip gathering barrel (51), and the blowing direction of the second air-blowing nozzle (523) is vertically downward.

2. A friction stir welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air flotation mechanism (6) comprises a second air supply source (61) and an air box (62) which are interconnected. A plurality of air outlet holes (621) are provided on the top of the air box (62).

3. The friction stir welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (5) further comprises a material receiving tray (53), the material receiving tray (53) being connected to the bottom of the lower shaft shoulder (22), and a plurality of air inlet holes (531) being provided on the bottom wall of the material receiving tray (53).

4. The friction stir welding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The workbench (1) is also provided with a clamping assembly, which comprises two sets of clamps (7) arranged relative to each other on the workbench (1).

5. The friction stir welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A driven sliding assembly (8) is provided below the workbench (1), and the driven sliding assembly (8) includes a driving source (81), a horizontal slide rail (82), and a sliding base (83) slidingly arranged on the horizontal slide rail (82); the driving source (81) is used to drive the sliding base (83) to slide along the horizontal slide rail (82), and the air flotation mechanism (6) is provided on the sliding base (83).

6. The friction stir welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A lifting platform (9) is provided on one side of the spindle drive mechanism (3), and the lifting platform (9) includes a lifting end (91), and the lifting end (91) is fixedly connected to the chip collecting barrel (51).

7. The friction stir welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The workbench (1) comprises two loading platforms (11) arranged opposite to each other, the air flotation mechanism (6) is arranged between the two loading platforms (11), and each loading platform (11) is provided with a set of the clamps (7).

8. The friction stir welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spindle drive mechanism (3) comprises a rotation source (31) and a drive box (32), the drive box (32) comprises an output shaft (322) and an input shaft (323), the input shaft (323) is connected to the rotation source (31), and the output shaft (322) is detachably connected to the stirring head (2).

9. A welding method, characterized in that: Welding a workpiece using the friction stir welding device according to any one of claims 5 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1, placing a workpiece (10) to be welded on the workbench (1), and using two clamps (7) arranged opposite to each other on the workbench (1) to clamp and fix the workpiece (10); S2, starting the spindle drive mechanism (3), driving the upper shaft shoulder (21) of the stirring head (2) to rotate, and at the same time driving the welding system to move horizontally through the feeding system (4), to perform friction stir welding on the workpiece (10); S3, during the welding process, starting the feeding system, using the chip collecting cylinder (51) to collect the material debris generated by welding, and using the air blowing material guide assembly (52) and the air flotation mechanism (6) to move the material debris into the welding gap (101), thereby achieving feeding at the welding point; S5, when welding is completed, the spindle drive mechanism (3), the feeding system (4) and the feeding system are turned off, the clamp (7) is released, and the welded workpiece (10) is removed.

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