Method and device for detecting defects of grounding body of power transmission tower

Abstract

The embodiment of the specification provides a transmission tower grounding body defect detection method and device, wherein the transmission tower grounding body defect detection method comprises the following steps: obtaining physical loss parameters of a grounding body of a transmission tower, and target reflected waves corresponding to target ultrasonic waves passing through the grounding body, and preprocessing the target reflected waves to obtain a to-be-detected signal; performing feature extraction on the to-be-detected signal to obtain various feature information including time domain feature information, frequency domain feature information and time-frequency domain feature information; and determining comprehensive defect information of the transmission tower grounding body according to the various physical loss parameters and the feature information, so that the related information of the defect of the transmission tower grounding body can be accurately determined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments in this specification relate to the field of signal processing technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of transmission towers. Background Technology

[0002] The grounding electrode of a transmission tower is a critical component for ensuring the safe operation of the power system. It is primarily used to discharge lightning current and fault current, and to reduce the tower's potential. Defects in this component can lead to problems such as excessive grounding resistance and increased lightning tripping rates, threatening grid stability.

[0003] In existing technologies, ultrasonic waves are typically used to detect the grounding end of a power transmission tower and receive the reflected waves. The amplitude and duration of the reflected waves are then used to roughly determine the defects of the power transmission tower's grounding body. However, existing technologies usually only analyze the amplitude and frequency of the reflected waves, resulting in low analysis accuracy and significant safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of this specification provide a method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of transmission towers. One or more embodiments of this specification also relate to a detection device for defects in the grounding conductor of transmission towers, a computing device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program, to address the technical deficiencies existing in the prior art.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this specification, a method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower is provided, comprising:

[0006] Obtain the physical loss parameters of the grounding body of the transmission tower, as well as the target reflected wave corresponding to the target ultrasonic wave passing through the grounding body. The physical loss parameters include the cross-sectional loss rate and the equivalent impedance change rate.

[0007] The target reflected wave is preprocessed to obtain the signal to be measured;

[0008] Feature extraction is performed on the signal under test to obtain various feature information, including time-domain feature information, frequency-domain feature information, and time-frequency-domain feature information.

[0009] Based on the various physical loss parameters and characteristic information, the comprehensive defect information of the grounding body of the transmission tower is determined.

[0010] In some embodiments, the preprocessing step includes:

[0011] Wavelet threshold denoising is performed on the target reflected wave to obtain the denoised signal;

[0012] The noise-reducing signal is processed by blind source separation algorithm to obtain the signal to be tested.

[0013] In some embodiments, feature extraction is performed on the signal to be tested to obtain various feature information, including:

[0014] Time-domain features are extracted from the signal under test to obtain the peak factor and waveform kurtosis;

[0015] Frequency domain features are extracted from the signal under test to obtain the power spectrum centroid and harmonic distortion rate;

[0016] Time-frequency domain feature extraction is performed on the signal under test to obtain wavelet packet energy entropy and Cohen distribution cross term energy;

[0017] Peak factor, waveform kurtosis, power spectrum centroid, harmonic distortion rate, wavelet packet energy entropy, and Cohen distribution cross term energy are identified as multiple characteristic information.

[0018] In some embodiments, comprehensive defect information of the transmission tower grounding electrode is determined based on various physical loss parameters and characteristic information, including:

[0019] The number of feature types to acquire feature information, the first weight and initial value of each feature type, the test calibration value of each feature type determined by experiment, the historical standard deviation of each feature type determined by historical data, the preset material attenuation coefficient, maximum allowable cross-sectional loss rate and equivalent impedance benchmark value corresponding to the grounding electrode, and the second weight preset for each physical loss parameter;

[0020] The defect score is calculated based on the number of feature types, the first weight, the initial value of the feature, the test calibration value, the historical standard deviation, each physical loss parameter, the corresponding second weight and feature information, and the preset first calculation formula.

[0021] The defect level of the transmission tower grounding electrode is determined based on the defect classification index corresponding to the material of the grounding electrode and the defect score.

[0022] Comprehensive defect information is generated based on defect scores and defect levels.

[0023] In some embodiments, the first calculation formula includes:

[0024]

[0025] in, S Indicates defect score. n Indicates the number of feature types. w i Indicates the first i The first weight of the feature information, F i Indicates the first i Initial values ​​of the features of the feature information μ i Indicates the first iTest calibration values ​​for various feature information σ i Indicates the first i The historical standard deviation of this characteristic λ Indicates the material attenuation coefficient. L Indicates the cross-sectional loss rate. L max Indicates the maximum allowable cross-sectional loss rate. Z cur This represents the rate of change of equivalent impedance. Z This represents the equivalent impedance reference value.

[0026] In some embodiments, the above method further includes:

[0027] If it is determined that there is a defect in the grounding body of the transmission tower, the transmission timestamp and first frequency tag corresponding to the target ultrasonic wave are obtained, as well as the reception timestamp and second frequency tag corresponding to the target reflected wave.

[0028] The transmission and reception time delays of the target ultrasonic wave and the target reflected wave are calculated based on the transmission timestamp, reception timestamp, first frequency tag, and second frequency tag.

[0029] Perform time-domain analysis on the transmission and reception delays to calculate the location information of defects.

[0030] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of this specification, a detection device for defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower is provided, comprising:

[0031] The acquisition module is configured to acquire the physical loss parameters of the grounding body of the transmission tower and the target reflected wave corresponding to the target ultrasonic wave passing through the grounding body. The physical loss parameters include the cross-sectional loss rate and the equivalent impedance change rate.

[0032] The preprocessing module is configured to preprocess the target reflected wave to obtain the signal to be measured;

[0033] The feature extraction module is configured to extract features from the signal under test to obtain various feature information, including time-domain feature information, frequency-domain feature information, and time-frequency-domain feature information.

[0034] The defect determination module is configured to determine the comprehensive defect information of the grounding body of the transmission tower based on various physical loss parameters and characteristic information.

[0035] In some embodiments, the preprocessing step includes:

[0036] Wavelet threshold denoising is performed on the target reflected wave to obtain the denoised signal;

[0037] The noise-reducing signal is processed by blind source separation algorithm to obtain the signal to be tested.

[0038] In some embodiments, feature extraction is performed on the signal to be tested to obtain various feature information, including:

[0039] Time-domain features are extracted from the signal under test to obtain the peak factor and waveform kurtosis;

[0040] Frequency domain features are extracted from the signal under test to obtain the power spectrum centroid and harmonic distortion rate;

[0041] Time-frequency domain feature extraction is performed on the signal under test to obtain wavelet packet energy entropy and Cohen distribution cross term energy;

[0042] Peak factor, waveform kurtosis, power spectrum centroid, harmonic distortion rate, wavelet packet energy entropy, and Cohen distribution cross term energy are identified as multiple characteristic information.

[0043] In some embodiments, comprehensive defect information of the transmission tower grounding electrode is determined based on various physical loss parameters and characteristic information, including:

[0044] The number of feature types to acquire feature information, the first weight and initial value of each feature type, the test calibration value of each feature type determined by experiment, the historical standard deviation of each feature type determined by historical data, the preset material attenuation coefficient, maximum allowable cross-sectional loss rate and equivalent impedance benchmark value corresponding to the grounding electrode, and the second weight preset for each physical loss parameter;

[0045] The defect score is calculated based on the number of feature types, the first weight, the initial value of the feature, the test calibration value, the historical standard deviation, each physical loss parameter, the corresponding second weight and feature information, and the preset first calculation formula.

[0046] The defect level of the transmission tower grounding electrode is determined based on the defect classification index corresponding to the material of the grounding electrode and the defect score.

[0047] Comprehensive defect information is generated based on defect scores and defect levels.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first calculation formula includes:

[0049]

[0050] in, S Indicates defect score. n Indicates the number of feature types. w i Indicates the first i The first weight of the feature information, F i Indicates the first i Initial values ​​of the features of the feature information μ i Indicates the firsti Test calibration values ​​for various feature information σ i Indicates the first i The historical standard deviation of this characteristic λ Indicates the material attenuation coefficient. L Indicates the cross-sectional loss rate. L max Indicates the maximum allowable cross-sectional loss rate. Z cur This represents the rate of change of equivalent impedance. Z This represents the equivalent impedance reference value.

[0051] In some embodiments, the above-described apparatus further includes a defect location determination module, configured to:

[0052] If it is determined that there is a defect in the grounding body of the transmission tower, the transmission timestamp and first frequency tag corresponding to the target ultrasonic wave are obtained, as well as the reception timestamp and second frequency tag corresponding to the target reflected wave.

[0053] The transmission and reception time delays of the target ultrasonic wave and the target reflected wave are calculated based on the transmission timestamp, reception timestamp, first frequency tag, and second frequency tag.

[0054] Perform time-domain analysis on the transmission and reception delays to calculate the location information of defects.

[0055] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of this specification, a computing device is provided, comprising:

[0056] Memory and processor;

[0057] The memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the above-mentioned method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of transmission towers.

[0058] According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of this specification, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the above-described method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower.

[0059] According to a fifth aspect of the embodiments of this specification, a computer program is provided, wherein when the computer program is executed in a computer, it causes the computer to perform the steps of the above-described method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower.

[0060] At least one embodiment of this specification obtains the physical loss parameters of the grounding body of the transmission tower and the target reflected wave corresponding to the target ultrasonic wave passing through the grounding body. The target reflected wave is preprocessed to obtain the signal to be measured. Feature extraction is performed on the signal to be measured to obtain various feature information including time domain feature information, frequency domain feature information and time-frequency domain feature information. Based on each physical loss parameter and feature information, the comprehensive defect information of the grounding body of the transmission tower is determined, which can accurately determine the relevant information of the defect of the grounding body of the transmission tower. Attached Figure Description

[0061] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of some embodiments of a method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a power transmission tower, provided in some embodiments of this specification;

[0062] Figure 2 These are flowcharts of other embodiments of a method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower, as provided in some embodiments of this specification.

[0063] Figure 3 This is a simplified structural diagram of a detection device for grounding defects in transmission towers, provided in some embodiments of this specification.

[0064] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a computing device provided in some embodiments of this specification. Detailed Implementation

[0065] Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this specification. However, this specification can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of this specification. Therefore, this specification is not limited to the specific implementations disclosed below.

[0066] The terminology used in one or more embodiments of this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the one or more embodiments of this specification. The singular forms “a” and “the” as used in one or more embodiments of this specification and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in one or more embodiments of this specification refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items. The modifications “a” and “a plurality” as used in this disclosure are illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art will understand that they should be understood as “one or more” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0067] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc., may be used to describe various information in one or more embodiments of this specification, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, first may also be referred to as second without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of this specification, and similarly, second may also be referred to as first. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to a determination."

[0068] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 A flowchart is shown of a method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower according to some embodiments of this specification, specifically including the following steps.

[0069] Step 101: Obtain the physical loss parameters of the grounding body of the transmission tower, and the target reflected wave corresponding to the target ultrasonic wave passing through the grounding body;

[0070] In some embodiments, the execution entity of the method for detecting defects in the grounding electrode of a transmission tower (such as a pre-set computing device) can be connected to a target device via a wired or wireless connection. Then, it acquires the physical loss parameters of the grounding electrode of the transmission tower, as well as the target reflected wave corresponding to the target ultrasonic wave passing through the grounding electrode. The physical loss parameters include the cross-sectional loss rate and the equivalent impedance change rate. The physical loss parameters can refer to various parameters obtained by measuring changes in the physical properties of the grounding electrode caused by physical wear or natural corrosion. For example, the physical loss parameters can include the cross-sectional loss rate and the equivalent impedance change rate. The cross-sectional loss rate can refer to the ratio of the currently lost cross-sectional area of ​​the grounding electrode to the intact cross-sectional area. The equivalent impedance change rate can refer to the ratio of the change in equivalent resistance due to cross-sectional area loss of the grounding electrode to time. When measuring the grounding electrode of a transmission tower, common ultrasonic equipment such as a piezoelectric transducer can be used to excite ultrasonic guided wave signals, which are then propagated along the grounding electrode. When the ultrasonic wave encounters a defect, it is reflected. The reflected ultrasonic wave signal is collected, and calculations are performed based on the reflected signal and the target ultrasonic wave to determine the defect in the grounding electrode.

[0071] It should be noted that the aforementioned wireless connection methods may include, but are not limited to, 3G / 4G / 5G connections, WiFi connections, Bluetooth connections, WiMAX connections, Zigbee connections, UWB (ultra wideband) connections, and other currently known or future wireless connection methods.

[0072] Step 102: Preprocess the target reflected wave to obtain the signal to be measured.

[0073] In some embodiments, the target reflected wave can be preprocessed through the following steps:

[0074] Step 1: Perform wavelet threshold denoising on the target reflected wave to obtain the denoised signal.

[0075] Part Two: Based on the blind source separation algorithm, the noise-reducing signal is processed to remove interference, and the signal to be tested is obtained.

[0076] Wavelet thresholding denoising is a signal processing technique based on wavelet transform. Its core idea is to decompose the signal into sub-bands of different frequencies and suppress noise by utilizing the differences in characteristics between noise and effective signals in the wavelet domain (such as different amplitude distributions). Furthermore, wavelet thresholding denoising not only achieves multi-resolution signal representation through wavelet decomposition, improving noise suppression capabilities, but also captures local features in both the time and frequency domains, preventing them from affecting subsequently acquired time, frequency, and time-frequency domain features. Blind source separation algorithms are signal processing techniques that do not require prior knowledge of signal mixing methods or source signal characteristics. They can separate the original independent source signals from multiple mixed observation signals, removing multipath reflection interference. By combining wavelet thresholding denoising and blind source separation algorithms, noise can be removed and interference reduced while preserving as many local features in the time and frequency domains as possible, making subsequent time-frequency domain signal processing more accurate.

[0077] Step 103: Extract features from the signal to be tested to obtain various feature information.

[0078] In some embodiments, feature extraction from the signal under test can yield various feature information, including time-domain feature information, frequency-domain feature information, and time-frequency-domain feature information. Feature information can refer to data extracted from the signal for different directions, domains, spatial domains, etc. Different feature information can express information about the signal in different dimensions, thereby enabling data analysis of the signal from different perspectives.

[0079] In some optional implementations, feature extraction is performed on the signal under test to obtain various feature information, including: time-domain feature extraction to obtain peak factor and waveform kurtosis; frequency-domain feature extraction to obtain power spectrum centroid and harmonic distortion rate; time-frequency domain feature extraction to obtain wavelet packet energy entropy and Cohen distribution cross term energy; and peak factor, waveform kurtosis, power spectrum centroid, harmonic distortion rate, wavelet packet energy entropy, and Cohen distribution cross term energy are determined as various feature information.

[0080] The combined parameters of peak factor, waveform kurtosis, and wavelet packet energy entropy can better explain the corrosion point discharge pulse and energy distribution anomalies, that is, the analysis of local corrosion.

[0081] The combined parameters of harmonic distortion rate and power spectrum centroid can better explain the harmonic and resonant frequency shifts caused by increased contact resistance, that is, the analysis of whether the connection has become loose.

[0082] The energy parameters of the cross term in the Cohen distribution can better explain the sudden increase in energy of transient impact and cross disturbance during fracture, that is, the analysis for fracture or crack.

[0083] Although the above parameters are all commonly used in this field, and their meanings will not be further explained in detail, the combination of these parameters was determined through extensive experimentation. Choosing the above parameter combination allows for a detailed analysis of grounding defects from multiple perspectives, thereby increasing the calculation accuracy of the embodiments of this invention.

[0084] Step 104: Determine the comprehensive defect information of the grounding body of the transmission tower based on the various physical loss parameters and characteristic information.

[0085] In some embodiments, the comprehensive defect information of the transmission tower grounding electrode can be determined based on various physical loss parameters and characteristic information through the following steps:

[0086] The first step is to obtain the number of feature types, the preset first weight and initial value of each feature type, the test calibration value determined by experiments for each feature type, the historical standard deviation determined by historical data for each feature type, the preset material attenuation coefficient, maximum allowable cross-sectional loss rate and equivalent impedance benchmark value corresponding to the grounding electrode, and the preset second weight for each physical loss parameter.

[0087] The first weight refers to the preset weight of each type of feature information in the calculation. The test calibration value refers to the parameter value of each type of feature information under normal conditions, determined through testing. The historical standard deviation refers to the standard deviation between the parameter value obtained in each previous calculation and the test calibration value. The material attenuation coefficient refers to the physical quantity of signal loss after the signal passes through the grounding electrode. This material attenuation coefficient can be measured. The maximum allowable cross-sectional loss rate refers to a preset threshold for the cross-sectional loss rate; once this threshold is exceeded, the grounding electrode cannot continue to work normally and needs to be scrapped. The equivalent impedance reference value refers to the preset impedance value under normal conditions. The second weight refers to the weight of each physical loss parameter in the final calculation and scoring; this data is set based on experience.

[0088] The second step involves calculating a defect score based on the number of feature types, the first weight, the initial feature value, the experimental calibration value, the historical standard deviation, each physical loss parameter, the corresponding second weight and feature information, and the preset first calculation formula. The defect score refers to the score calculated for the defect as described above. This score can be used for response analysis based on preset simple indicators; for example, the defect score can range from 0 to 100, and different response measures can be taken for different defect scores.

[0089] As an example, the first calculation includes:

[0090]

[0091] in, S Indicates defect score. n Indicates the number of feature types. w i Indicates the first i The first weight of the feature information, F i Indicates the first i Initial values ​​of the features of the feature information μ i Indicates the first i Test calibration values ​​for various feature information σ i Indicates the first i The historical standard deviation of this characteristic λ Indicates the material attenuation coefficient. L Indicates the cross-sectional loss rate. L max Indicates the maximum allowable cross-sectional loss rate. Z cur Z represents the rate of change of equivalent impedance, and Z represents the reference value of equivalent impedance.

[0092] in, Calculating the Euclidean distance of multiple feature information from the normal state can reflect the degree of abnormality of the defect, thereby enabling a first-level judgment analysis of the grounding body.

[0093] By amplifying the sensitivity to high impedance changes and combining the combined effects of cross-sectional loss and impedance changes, a second-angle judgment and analysis of defects in the grounding electrode can be performed.

[0094] The first calculation formula can be used to reflect the degree of defect abnormality by calculating the Euclidean distance of multiple characteristic information deviating from the normal state. On the other hand, it can amplify the sensitivity of high impedance changes and combine the combined effect of cross-sectional loss and impedance changes to make a second-angle judgment and analysis on the defects of the grounding body. This allows for multi-level analysis of the defects of the grounding body and obtain more accurate analysis results.

[0095] The third step is to determine the defect level of the transmission tower grounding electrode based on the defect classification index corresponding to the material of the grounding electrode and the defect score.

[0096] Defect grading indicators can refer to preset criteria used to judge the severity of defects based on different materials, thus determining the defect level. This allows for a simple and clear display of defects, enabling users to perform corresponding actions based on the defect level, such as replacement or targeted maintenance.

[0097] As an example, when the material is copper, defects can be divided into the following four levels:

[0098]

[0099] When the material is galvanized steel, the method for judging its defects is similar to that for copper materials, but the specific data are different.

[0100] The fourth step is to generate comprehensive defect information based on the defect score and defect level.

[0101] Comprehensive defect information can refer to comprehensive information generated based on defect scores and defect levels. This comprehensive information can be one or a combination of any of the following, including but not limited to: numbers, graphics, tables, symbols, strings, videos, audio, or other content that can represent defect scores and defect levels.

[0102] The beneficial effects of one of the embodiments in this specification include at least the following: by acquiring the physical loss parameters of the grounding body of the transmission tower and the target reflected wave corresponding to the target ultrasonic wave passing through the grounding body, the target reflected wave is preprocessed to obtain the signal to be measured; features are extracted from the signal to be measured to obtain various feature information including time domain feature information, frequency domain feature information and time-frequency domain feature information; based on each physical loss parameter and feature information, the comprehensive defect information of the grounding body of the transmission tower is determined, and the relevant information of the defect of the grounding body of the transmission tower can be accurately determined.

[0103] In some embodiments, the method further includes: when it is determined that there is a defect in the grounding body of the transmission tower, obtaining the transmission timestamp and first frequency tag corresponding to the target ultrasonic wave, and the reception timestamp and second frequency tag corresponding to the target reflected wave; calculating the transmission and reception time delays of the target ultrasonic wave and the target reflected wave based on the transmission timestamp, reception timestamp, first frequency tag and second frequency tag; performing time-domain analysis on the transmission and reception time delays to calculate the location information of the defect.

[0104] Transmit / receive timestamps refer to the times at which the target ultrasonic signal is transmitted or the target reflected wave signal is received. These timestamps can be based on preset frequency records and can be set as needed. First / second frequency tags refer to the frequency tags corresponding to multiple frequency bands of the target ultrasonic signal / target reflected wave signal. By using the corresponding first / second frequency tags, the corresponding wavebands of the target ultrasonic signal / target reflected wave signal can be selected. Then, based on the corresponding wavebands, the time from transmitting the target ultrasonic signal to receiving the target reflected wave, i.e., the transmit / receive time delay, can be calculated. Based on the transmit / receive time delay, the location information of the defect can be calculated, increasing the analytical perspective of grounding defects.

[0105] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 2 The diagram illustrates a process flow chart of a method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower, provided in some other embodiments of this specification, which specifically includes the following steps.

[0106] Step 201: Obtain the physical loss parameters of the grounding body of the transmission tower, and the target reflected wave corresponding to the target ultrasonic wave passing through the grounding body. The physical loss parameters include the cross-sectional loss rate and the equivalent impedance change rate.

[0107] Step 202: Perform wavelet threshold denoising on the target reflected wave to obtain the denoised signal.

[0108] Step 203: Perform interference removal processing on the denoised signal based on the blind source separation algorithm to obtain the signal to be tested.

[0109] Step 204: Extract features from the signal under test to obtain various feature information, including time-domain feature information, frequency-domain feature information, and time-frequency-domain feature information.

[0110] Step 205: Obtain the number of feature types of feature information, the first weight and initial value of each type of feature information, the test calibration value of each type of feature information determined by experiment, the historical standard deviation of each type of feature information determined by historical data, the preset material attenuation coefficient, maximum allowable cross-sectional loss rate and equivalent impedance benchmark value corresponding to the grounding body, and the preset second weight for each physical loss parameter.

[0111] Step 206: Calculate the defect score based on the number of feature types, the first weight, the initial value of the feature, the test calibration value, the historical standard deviation, each physical loss parameter, the corresponding second weight and feature information, and the preset first calculation formula.

[0112] Step 207: Determine the defect level of the transmission tower grounding electrode based on the defect grading index corresponding to the material of the grounding electrode and the defect score.

[0113] Step 208: Generate comprehensive defect information based on defect scores and defect levels.

[0114] In some embodiments, steps 201-208 are related to Figure 1 The specific implementation of the corresponding steps in those embodiments and the resulting technical effects can be found in the following references. Figure 1 The steps involved will not be elaborated upon here.

[0115] Corresponding to the above method embodiments, this specification also provides embodiments of a detection device for defects in the grounding conductor of transmission towers. Figure 3 This specification illustrates a schematic diagram of a detection device for defects in the grounding conductor of a power transmission tower, provided in some embodiments. Figure 3 As shown, the device includes:

[0116] The acquisition module 301 is configured to acquire the physical loss parameters of the grounding body of the transmission tower and the target reflected wave corresponding to the target ultrasonic wave passing through the grounding body. The physical loss parameters include the cross-sectional loss rate and the equivalent impedance change rate.

[0117] The preprocessing module 3012 is configured to preprocess the target reflected wave to obtain the signal to be measured;

[0118] The feature extraction module 303 is configured to extract features from the signal under test to obtain various feature information, including time-domain feature information, frequency-domain feature information, and time-frequency-domain feature information.

[0119] The defect determination module 304 is configured to determine the comprehensive defect information of the grounding body of the transmission tower based on various physical loss parameters and characteristic information.

[0120] In some embodiments, the preprocessing step includes:

[0121] Wavelet threshold denoising is performed on the target reflected wave to obtain the denoised signal;

[0122] The noise-reducing signal is processed by blind source separation algorithm to obtain the signal to be tested.

[0123] In some embodiments, feature extraction is performed on the signal to be tested to obtain various feature information, including:

[0124] Time-domain features are extracted from the signal under test to obtain the peak factor and waveform kurtosis;

[0125] Frequency domain features are extracted from the signal under test to obtain the power spectrum centroid and harmonic distortion rate;

[0126] Time-frequency domain feature extraction is performed on the signal under test to obtain wavelet packet energy entropy and Cohen distribution cross term energy;

[0127] Peak factor, waveform kurtosis, power spectrum centroid, harmonic distortion rate, wavelet packet energy entropy, and Cohen distribution cross term energy are identified as multiple characteristic information.

[0128] In some embodiments, comprehensive defect information of the transmission tower grounding electrode is determined based on various physical loss parameters and characteristic information, including:

[0129] The number of feature types to acquire feature information, the first weight and initial value of each feature type, the test calibration value of each feature type determined by experiment, the historical standard deviation of each feature type determined by historical data, the preset material attenuation coefficient, maximum allowable cross-sectional loss rate and equivalent impedance benchmark value corresponding to the grounding electrode, and the second weight preset for each physical loss parameter;

[0130] The defect score is calculated based on the number of feature types, the first weight, the initial value of the feature, the test calibration value, the historical standard deviation, each physical loss parameter, the corresponding second weight and feature information, and the preset first calculation formula.

[0131] The defect level of the transmission tower grounding electrode is determined based on the defect classification index corresponding to the material of the grounding electrode and the defect score.

[0132] Comprehensive defect information is generated based on defect scores and defect levels.

[0133] In some embodiments, the first calculation formula includes:

[0134]

[0135] in, S Indicates defect score. n Indicates the number of feature types. w i Indicates the first i The first weight of the feature information, F i Indicates the first i Initial values ​​of the features of the feature information μ i Indicates the first i Test calibration values ​​for various feature information σ i Indicates the first i The historical standard deviation of this characteristic λ Indicates the material attenuation coefficient. L Indicates the cross-sectional loss rate. L max Indicates the maximum allowable cross-sectional loss rate. Z cur This represents the rate of change of equivalent impedance. Z This represents the equivalent impedance reference value.

[0136] In some embodiments, the above-described apparatus further includes a defect location determination module, configured to:

[0137] If it is determined that there is a defect in the grounding body of the transmission tower, the transmission timestamp and first frequency tag corresponding to the target ultrasonic wave are obtained, as well as the reception timestamp and second frequency tag corresponding to the target reflected wave.

[0138] The transmission and reception time delays of the target ultrasonic wave and the target reflected wave are calculated based on the transmission timestamp, reception timestamp, first frequency tag, and second frequency tag.

[0139] Perform time-domain analysis on the transmission and reception delays to calculate the location information of defects.

[0140] The above is a schematic scheme of a detection device for grounding electrode defects of transmission towers according to this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of this detection device for grounding electrode defects of transmission towers belongs to the same concept as the technical solution of the above-described detection method for grounding electrode defects of transmission towers. For details not described in detail in the technical solution of the detection device for grounding electrode defects of transmission towers, please refer to the description of the technical solution of the above-described detection method for grounding electrode defects of transmission towers.

[0141] Figure 4 A structural block diagram of a computing device 400 according to some embodiments of this specification is shown. The components of the computing device 400 include, but are not limited to, a memory 401 and a processor 402. The processor 402 is connected to the memory 401 via a bus 403, and a database 405 is used to store data.

[0142] The computing device 400 also includes an access device 404 that enables the computing device 400 to communicate via one or more networks 406. Examples of such networks include Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), Local Area Network (LAN), Wide Area Network (WAN), Personal Area Network (PAN), or combinations of communication networks such as the Internet. The access device 404 may include one or more of any type of wired or wireless network interface (e.g., a network interface card (NIC)), such as an IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) wireless interface, a Wi-MAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) interface, an Ethernet interface, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, a cellular network interface, a Bluetooth interface, or a Near Field Communication (NFC) interface.

[0143] In one embodiment of this specification, the aforementioned components of the computing device 400 and Figure 4 Other components, not shown, can also be connected to each other, for example, via a bus. It should be understood that... Figure 4 The block diagram of the computing device shown is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of this specification. Those skilled in the art can add or replace other components as needed.

[0144] The computing device 400 can be any type of stationary or mobile computing device, including mobile computers or mobile computing devices (e.g., tablet computers, personal digital assistants, laptop computers, notebook computers, netbooks, etc.), mobile phones (e.g., smartphones), wearable computing devices (e.g., smartwatches, smart glasses, etc.) or other types of mobile devices, or stationary computing devices such as desktop computers or personal computers (PCs). The computing device 400 can also be a mobile or stationary server.

[0145] The processor 402 executes the following computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the above-described method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower. The above is a schematic representation of a computing device according to this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of this computing device and the technical solution of the above-described method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower belong to the same concept. Details not described in detail in the technical solution of the computing device can be found in the description of the technical solution of the above-described method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower.

[0146] An embodiment of this specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the above-described method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower.

[0147] The above is an illustrative scheme of a computer-readable storage medium according to this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of this storage medium and the technical solution of the above-described method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower belong to the same concept. For details not described in detail in the technical solution of the storage medium, please refer to the description of the technical solution of the above-described method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower.

[0148] An embodiment of this specification also provides a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed in a computer, it causes the computer to perform the steps of the above-described method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower.

[0149] The above is an illustrative scheme of a computer program according to this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of this computer program and the technical solution of the above-described method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of transmission towers belong to the same concept. For details not described in detail in the technical solution of the computer program, please refer to the description of the technical solution of the above-described method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of transmission towers.

[0150] The foregoing has described specific embodiments of this specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and may still achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific or sequential order shown to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0151] Computer instructions include computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. Computer-readable media can include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc.

[0152] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments in this specification are not limited to the described order of actions, because according to the embodiments in this specification, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in this specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the embodiments in this specification.

[0153] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0154] The preferred embodiments disclosed above are merely illustrative of this specification. The optional embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to specific implementations. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the embodiments described in this specification. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the embodiments, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize this specification. This specification is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower, characterized in that, include: The physical loss parameters of the grounding body of the transmission tower and the target reflected wave corresponding to the target ultrasonic wave emitted through the grounding body are obtained, wherein the physical loss parameters include the cross-sectional loss rate and the equivalent impedance change rate. The target reflected wave is preprocessed to obtain the signal to be measured; Feature extraction is performed on the signal under test to obtain various feature information, including time-domain feature information, frequency-domain feature information, and time-frequency-domain feature information. The feature extraction of the signal under test to obtain various feature information includes: Time-domain features are extracted from the signal under test to obtain the peak factor and waveform kurtosis; Frequency domain features are extracted from the signal under test to obtain the power spectrum centroid and harmonic distortion rate; Time-frequency domain feature extraction is performed on the signal under test to obtain wavelet packet energy entropy and Cohen distribution cross term energy; The peak factor, waveform kurtosis, power spectrum centroid, harmonic distortion rate, wavelet packet energy entropy, and Cohen distribution cross term energy are determined as the various feature information. Based on the physical loss parameters and characteristic information, the comprehensive defect information of the transmission tower grounding electrode is determined, specifically including: The system acquires the number of feature types of the feature information, the first weight and initial value of each feature type, the test calibration value of each feature type determined by experiment, the historical standard deviation of each feature type determined by historical data, the preset material attenuation coefficient, maximum allowable cross-sectional loss rate and equivalent impedance reference value corresponding to the grounding body, and the second weight preset for each physical loss parameter. Based on the number of feature types, the first weight, the initial value of the feature, the test calibration value, the historical standard deviation, each physical loss parameter, the corresponding second weight and the feature information, and a preset first calculation formula, a defect score is calculated. The first calculation formula includes: in, S This indicates the defect score. n This indicates the number of the aforementioned feature types. w i Indicates the first i The first weight of the feature information, F i Indicates the first i Initial values ​​of the features of the feature information μ i Indicates the first i Test calibration values ​​for various feature information σ i Indicates the first i The historical standard deviation of this characteristic λ This represents the attenuation coefficient of the material. L This represents the cross-sectional loss rate. L max This represents the maximum permissible cross-sectional loss rate. Z cur This represents the rate of change of the equivalent impedance. Z This represents the equivalent impedance reference value; The defect level of the transmission tower grounding electrode is determined based on the defect grading index corresponding to the material of the grounding electrode and the defect score. The comprehensive defect information is generated based on the defect score and the defect level.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preprocessing steps include: The reflected wave from the target is subjected to wavelet threshold denoising to obtain a denoised signal; The noise-reducing signal is processed by blind source separation algorithm to obtain the signal to be tested.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: If it is determined that there is a defect in the grounding body of the transmission tower, the transmission timestamp and first frequency tag corresponding to the target ultrasonic wave are obtained, as well as the reception timestamp and second frequency tag corresponding to the target reflected wave. The transmission and reception time delays of the target ultrasonic wave and the target reflected wave are calculated based on the transmission timestamp, reception timestamp, first frequency tag, and second frequency tag. Perform time-domain analysis on the transmission and reception delay to calculate the location information of the defect.

4. A detection device for defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is configured to acquire the physical loss parameters of the grounding body of the transmission tower and the target reflected wave corresponding to the target ultrasonic wave passing through the grounding body, wherein the physical loss parameters include the cross-sectional loss rate and the equivalent impedance change rate. The preprocessing module is configured to preprocess the target reflected wave to obtain the signal to be measured; The feature extraction module is configured to extract features from the signal under test to obtain multiple feature information, including time-domain feature information, frequency-domain feature information, and time-frequency-domain feature information. The process of extracting features from the signal under test to obtain multiple feature information includes: performing time-domain feature extraction to obtain peak factor and waveform kurtosis; performing frequency-domain feature extraction to obtain power spectrum centroid and harmonic distortion rate; performing time-frequency-domain feature extraction to obtain wavelet packet energy entropy and Cohen distribution cross-term energy; and determining the peak factor, waveform kurtosis, power spectrum centroid, harmonic distortion rate, wavelet packet energy entropy, and Cohen distribution cross-term energy as the multiple feature information. The defect determination module is configured to determine the comprehensive defect information of the transmission tower grounding body based on the physical loss parameters and the feature information. Specifically, this includes: acquiring the number of feature types of the feature information, a preset first weight and initial value for each feature type, test calibration values ​​determined by experiments for each feature type, historical standard deviations determined by historical data for each feature type, preset material attenuation coefficient, maximum allowable cross-sectional loss rate, and equivalent impedance benchmark values ​​corresponding to the grounding body, and preset second weights for each physical loss parameter; calculating a defect score based on the number of feature types, the first weight, the initial value, the test calibration value, the historical standard deviation, each physical loss parameter, the corresponding second weight, and the feature information, as well as a preset first calculation formula. The first calculation formula includes: in, S This indicates the defect score. n This indicates the number of the aforementioned feature types. w i Indicates the first i The first weight of the feature information, F i Indicates the first i Initial values ​​of the features of the feature information μ i Indicates the first i Test calibration values ​​for various feature information σ i Indicates the first i The historical standard deviation of this characteristic λ This represents the attenuation coefficient of the material. L This represents the cross-sectional loss rate. L max This represents the maximum permissible cross-sectional loss rate. Z cur This represents the rate of change of the equivalent impedance. Z The equivalent impedance reference value is represented; the defect level of the transmission tower grounding body is determined according to the defect classification index corresponding to the material of the grounding body and the defect score; the comprehensive defect information is generated according to the defect score and the defect level.

5. A computing device, characterized in that, include: Memory and processor; The memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, characterized in that, When the computer-executable instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the method for detecting defects in the grounding conductor of a transmission tower as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

7. A computer program product, said computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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