Water quality detection method and detection device for large-water-surface water area of filter-feeding bighead carps

Abstract

The invention discloses a filter-feeding bighead fish large-water-surface water quality detection method, which comprises the following steps of: placing a detection device in a filter-feeding bighead fish large-water-surface water area, slowly taking water in a water seepage manner, detecting water samples taken at different positions and heights by a sensor, and acquiring original data from the sensor by a data acquisition unit; the data are preprocessed and then sent to the communication module through the interface, the communication module sends the data to the central server according to a protocol format, and the central server visually displays the data on a visual interface through a network communication protocol. The invention further discloses a large-water-surface water-area water quality detection device for the filter-feeding aristichthys nobilis, the large-water-surface water-area water quality detection device is composed of a water taking part and a detection part, the water taking part is a water taking sealing box, and a floating body and a water seepage structure are fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the water taking sealing box; the detection part comprises a sensor, a data acquisition unit, a communication module, a central server and a visual interface. The number of sensors is small; the stirring on the water body can be reduced, and the sampling is more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to biomass energy industry (G01N33*), *water (G01N33 / 18), and in particular to a method and device for detecting water quality in large water areas of filter-feeding bighead carp. Background Art

[0002] Growing consumer demand is driving the rapid development of the aquaculture industry. Water quality plays a crucial role in aquaculture. Changes in water temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen within aquaculture waters directly impact the growth of aquatic products. Key parameters affecting the aquaculture environment include dissolved oxygen content, temperature, pH, ammonia nitrogen content, and salinity. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen content, and pH are the most critical. These indicators are crucial for assessing water quality. For example, pH reflects the acidity and alkalinity of water; both low and high pH values can negatively impact aquatic life. Dissolved oxygen is a key indicator of oxygen content in water and is crucial for aerobic organisms such as fish. Ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, and nitrate are closely linked to the nitrogen cycle in water; excessive levels can lead to toxicity. Total phosphorus is a key indicator for assessing the degree of eutrophication. Different aquaculture products have varying requirements for various water parameters. Bighead carp plays a crucial ecological role in ecosystems, controlling benthic animal populations, food web structure, and species richness. Bighead carp are filter-feeders, primarily feeding on zooplankton. Therefore, testing the water quality of areas where these filter-feeding bighead carp are present can ensure water quality and, consequently, growth. When testing water quality, sampling should be conducted to avoid contamination and agitation of the water.

[0003] Patent publication number CN112730780A: A cage aquaculture anti-fouling and water quality detection device, comprising a main frame, solar panels, partitions, functional compartments, water holes, main copper pillars, water quality detection sensors, a control module, and a warning light. The main frame is a hollow container with solar panels mounted on its top. The cavity of the main frame is divided into an upper compartment and a lower compartment by a partition. The upper compartment is a sealed functional compartment, housing a warning light and a control module. The lower compartment has multiple water holes formed on its outer wall, housing the main copper pillars and water quality detection sensors. The control module includes a single-chip microcomputer, a wireless transmission module, and a memory. The wireless transmission module, memory, water quality detection sensor, and warning light are connected to the single-chip microcomputer. The solar panels provide the device's operating power. However, the water quality detection sensor is located in the lower compartment, which is the lower portion of the main HDPE frame, while the device is fixed to the cage's mesh frame. Depending on the size of the cage, multiple devices of this invention may be deployed, resulting in a potentially large number of detection sensors. The patent with publication number CN106290773A includes the following steps: Step S1: providing a multi-channel water quality monitor, the multi-channel water quality monitor including a controller and a channel selection solenoid valve, a clean water flushing solenoid valve, a group flushing selection solenoid valve, a group detection solenoid valve, a self-priming pump, and a water quality detection sensor connected to the controller; Step S2: setting a detection point in each breeding pond, installing a sampling pipeline at the detection point, using a self-priming pump as power, and extracting water samples from the detection point through the sampling pipeline to the multi-channel water quality detector for detection; the channel selection solenoid valve performs channel sorting; the water samples of the selected channels are subjected to water quality detection; the water sample detection process of the multi-channel water quality detector includes clean water flushing of the sensor, pre-sampling of water samples, detection, and clean water backflushing of the sensor. However, it requires a channel selection solenoid valve to sort the channels, and the water samples of the selected channels must be tested for water quality. The liquid in the pipeline must be removed before testing. The testing process is cumbersome and the testing device is complicated. The use of a self-priming pump to extract the water sample through the sampling pipeline will still stir the water body. The accuracy of the test results is still difficult to guarantee and there will be certain errors. The subsequent decision on the direction and measures to improve the water body is likely to be misleading. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects existing in the prior art and provide a method for detecting water quality in large water areas of filter-feeding bighead carp, which requires a small number of sensors; the water is slowly infiltrated through multiple infiltration holes at different heights, thereby minimizing the agitation of the water body and avoiding pollution, and the sampling is also more accurate.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is to design a water quality detection method for large water areas of filter-feeding bighead carp, which comprises the following detection steps performed in sequence: after placing the detection device in a large water area of filter-feeding bighead carp, water is slowly collected by infiltration. For water samples collected at different heights, the sensor performs detection, and the data acquisition unit obtains raw data from the sensor, pre-processes the data, and then sends the data to the communication module through an interface. The communication module sends the data to the central server in a protocol format, and the central server visualizes the data on a visual interface through a network communication protocol. The number of sensors required is small; the water collection method of slowly infiltrating through multiple infiltration holes at different heights minimizes agitation of the water body and avoids contamination, and sampling is more accurate. The height of the infiltration hole corresponds to the water sample at different liquid levels, and there is no situation where the water sample at other liquid levels is first contacted before the water sample at the height to be tested is contacted.

[0006] A further technical solution is to place the detection device on the liquid surface of a large water area for filter-feeding bighead carp, with a part of the detection device located below the liquid surface. The main part of the detection device located below the liquid surface gradually draws water by seepage. For water samples taken at different heights, the hinged sealing cover is driven to close after water is taken, and the sensor moves to the corresponding water sample location for detection; the data acquisition unit obtains raw data from the sensor, and after pre-processing, sends the data to the communication module through the interface, the communication module sends the data to the central server according to the protocol format, and the central server visualizes the data on the visual interface through the network communication protocol.

[0007] After taking water, the seepage structure is closed to prevent the seepage amount from exceeding the volume of the water intake container and overflowing. The underwater hinged sealing door is opened and closed by the drive system, which is an existing technology and will not be elaborated (the hinged sealing cover is opened and closed by driving means based on the existing technology); the monitoring communication method of water quality monitoring is wireless monitoring; if the probe is lifting but directly detects the water quality of the water area, the water body will still be stirred to a certain extent when the probe descends, and due to the lifting process, the probe will contact the water quality of different areas and different liquid levels during the rising or falling process; and this solution allows the sensor probe to directly leave the water area during the descending process, minimizing the impact of the detection process itself on the detection results; water is taken by slowly infiltrating multiple infiltration holes; and then the lifting water quality sensor probe is directly inserted into the water intake container for detection.

[0008] Another technical solution is that the detection device is placed in a large water area for filter-feeding bighead carp. The detection step is as follows: the detection device is completely below the liquid surface, the detection device is sunk to a designed water depth, the gravity is adjusted so that the buoyancy of the entire detection device is equal to the gravity, and then a period of time is waited; Then start to slowly take out water through seepage and then start testing; or use the sensor to directly probe the seepage at the designed water depth for testing.

[0009] Another technical solution involves placing the detection device in a large water surface area for filter-feeding bighead carp. This involves placing several water-intake sections of the detection device at different water depths in the large water surface area. Once the sections are stable and no longer shake, water is slowly drawn in through seepage, stopping at the designed depth. Afterward, the water samples are tested. By collecting water samples at different depths through the multiple water-intake sections, the slow seepage method is used to avoid agitation during drawing and ensure accurate testing.

[0010] The present invention also designs a technical solution, which is a water quality detection device for large water areas of filter-feeding bighead carp, which adopts the detection method and consists of a water intake part and a detection part. The water intake part is a water intake sealing box, a float is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the water intake sealing box, and a water seepage structure is arranged on the outer wall of the water intake sealing box; the detection part includes a sensor, a data acquisition unit connected to the sensor, a communication module connected to the data acquisition unit, a central server connected to the communication module signal, and a visual interface connected to the central server.

[0011] A further technical solution is that the water quality detection device for large water surface areas of filter-feeding bighead carp also includes a main body; the water intake sealing box is the lower half of the main body.

[0012] A further technical solution is that the water quality detection device for large water areas of filter-feeding bighead carp consists of a main part and a central server and a visual interface that are arranged in conjunction with the main part.

[0013] A further technical solution is that the internal space of the main body is divided into two parts, the upper part of the space is provided with a data acquisition unit and a communication module, and the lower part of the space is provided with a sensor and a water intake container connected to the seepage structure.

[0014] That is, a sensor and a water intake container connected to the water seepage structure are arranged in the water intake sealing box.

[0015] The float is located above the water seepage structure; a filter screen is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main body outside the water seepage structure; the filter screen fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main body outside the water seepage structure is also fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water intake sealing box outside the water seepage structure; the water seepage structure includes a semipermeable membrane or a micropore group arranged on the surface of the main body; the micropore group is composed of several micropores with a diameter of 0.1~1 mm.

[0016] A further technical solution is that several water seepage structures are set up and located at different positions of the main part, and each water seepage structure corresponds to a water collection container; a partition is fixedly set inside the main part, and the upper and lower parts of the partition are respectively an upper space and a lower space; a screw feeding system is also fixed in the lower space, and a reduction motor and a fixed pulley connected to the reduction motor are fixed on the screw feeding system, and a connecting rope is wound around the fixed pulley, one end of the connecting rope is fixedly connected to the fixed pulley, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sensor.

[0017] A further technical solution is that a sealing cover is hingedly connected to the water intake sealing box at the water seepage structure.

[0018] Alternatively, the main body is a sealed shell, with a weight fixed on the inner bottom wall of the main body; a heavy object is set in the float; a water tank is fixed below the float or on one side of the float, an opening and closing valve is set at the bottom of the water tank, and a vent valve is set at the top of the water tank, and the water tank is also connected to the high-pressure gas cylinder.

[0019] The water intake sealing box is hingedly provided with a sealing cover at the water seepage structure (that is, a sealing cover is hingedly provided on the main body at the seepage structure); or the water intake container is a horizontally placed water pipe, one end of the water pipe is closed, and the other end is connected to the seepage structure, and an opening is provided above the surface of the water pipe close to the seepage structure, and the size of the opening is larger than the size of the sensor.

[0020] Open the vent valve, and the surface water will naturally flow into the water tank under the action of gravity. Then close the vent valve. When the amount of water in the water tank is so large that the gravity of the detection device is greater than the buoyancy, the detection device will sink. When the water reaches the designed depth, open the high-pressure gas cylinder and the on-off valve to drain the water in the water tank until the buoyancy of the entire detection device is equal to the gravity. Then wait for a while. Then open the semi-permeable membrane or microporous sealing cover, start to slowly take out water by seepage, and then start testing; or lift the sensor up and down to enter the water pipe from the opening for testing; The main part of the detection device is a sealed shell, and a weight is fixed on the bottom wall of the main body, which cooperates with a pair of floats arranged on the outer wall of the main body to ensure that the main body is always vertical and the bottom is facing downward when it is below the liquid level of the large water surface; drawing on the principle of submarines, a water tank is fixed under the float, and the detection device sinks when there is more water in the water tank (similar to opening the sea valve to connect the ballast water tank with the outside seawater, and the seawater naturally flows into the tank under the action of gravity; here is to open the opening and closing valve, and the large water surface water naturally flows into the water tank under the action of gravity), and when it reaches the designed water depth, it sinks. Drain the water in the water tank to the point where the buoyancy of the entire detection device is the same as the gravity (similar to injecting compressed air into the ballast water tank and pressing the seawater out of the tank through the sea valve. Here, the compressed air in the high-pressure gas cylinder is injected into the water tank and the water in the water tank is pressed out of the water tank through the opening and closing valve). Then, after waiting for a while, open the semi-permeable membrane or microporous sealing cover, start taking water, and then start testing (or after waiting for a while, move the sensor up and down to the entrance opening for direct testing. Due to the horizontal arrangement of the water pipe, although water seeps in during the descent, However, the water that continues to seep in will push the water that previously entered the water pipe backward, that is, toward the closed end of the water pipe. Therefore, after the sensor enters from the opening, it only detects the water sample at the designed water depth. This also avoids operational complexity, because the setting of the sealing cover requires an opening operation, and opening it will inevitably cause a certain degree of water agitation, which will have a certain degree of impact on the test results. This setting has higher detection accuracy. (To ensure that the seepage water does not fill the water pipe and overflow from the opening above the water pipe surface, the diameter of the water pipe should be slightly larger. The specific amount is determined by the designed water depth and the seepage rate of the permeable structure and the residence time after reaching the water depth. The short residence time after reaching the designed water depth to be tested is, on the one hand, to facilitate the infiltration of more water at the designed water depth to push the seepage water in the descending stage backward, and on the other hand, to avoid a certain degree of water agitation caused by the descending process of the detection device, thereby ensuring more accurate detection). Detection of subsequent infiltrating water can be achieved, which can avoid the detection of seepage during the descending process and only detect water samples taken at the designed water depth. With this arrangement, the detection device has a wider scope of application. Compared with the technical solution in which part of the detection device is located below the liquid surface and part is located above the liquid surface, this technical solution can reach deeper water depths for detection.

[0021] Or the detection part is separately arranged from the water intake sealing box, the detection part is located outside the large water surface area, and there are several water intake sealing boxes arranged at different water depths in the large water surface area. A weight is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the water intake sealing box, and the float is selected to ensure that the gravity and buoyancy of the water intake sealing box are equal. The permeability structure includes a semipermeable membrane or a micropore group arranged on the surface of the water intake sealing box; the micropore group is composed of several micropores with a diameter of 0.1~1 mm, and the water intake sealing box is hinged with a sealing cover at the semipermeable membrane or micropore to open and close the semipermeable membrane or micropore; the outer top wall of the water intake sealing box is fixedly connected to a PE bottle-shaped shell located on the liquid surface of the large water surface area by a rope, and the length of the rope connecting each water intake sealing box is different.

[0022] First, each PE bottle-shaped shell is placed on the liquid surface of the large water surface area directly above the detection point. Then, several water-intake sealed boxes are lowered into the large water surface area until the rope is straightened, so that the several water-intake sealed boxes are placed at different water depths in the large water surface area. Then, after the water-intake sealed boxes are basically stable and do not shake, the hinged sealing cover is driven to open, and water is slowly extracted by seepage. According to the designed water extraction depth (the appropriate interval time for closing the sealing cover can be calculated before the water is injected based on the seepage speed of the infiltration structure), the hinged sealing cover is driven to close. After water is extracted, the rope is pulled upward to remove the water-intake sealed box (although this process still has the problem of stirring the water body, since the water extraction process by seepage is before the water body is stirred, the test results are not affected by the subsequent process of stirring the water body). After removing the water-intake sealed box, it is opened and the water samples in the water-intake sealed box are tested. This can ensure that the testing process is not affected and the test results are accurate. Each water-intake sealed box clearly knows the location and water depth of its large water surface area, effectively monitoring the indicators of different testing points, making a huge contribution to accurately grasping the water quality conditions.

[0023] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are: a small number of sensors are required; the water collection method of slowly infiltrating through multiple infiltration holes at different heights minimizes the agitation of the water body and avoids pollution, and the sampling is more accurate. The height of the infiltration hole corresponds to water samples at different liquid levels, and there is no situation where water samples at other liquid levels are first contacted before contacting the water sample at the height to be tested when collecting water.

[0024] If the probe is raised and lowered but directly tests the water quality in the water area, the water will still be stirred to a certain extent when the probe descends, and due to the lifting process, the probe will come into contact with water quality in different areas and different liquid levels during the raising or lowering process; however, this solution allows the sensor probe to be directly separated from the water area during the lowering process, minimizing the impact of the detection process itself on the detection results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a water quality detection device for filter-feeding bighead carp in large water areas of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Rear view after being placed on the water surface and with the rear bottom wall removed; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the middle screw feed system and the lifting mechanism of the sensor; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Side view of Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Middle AA section view; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Exploded diagram of the middle screw feed system; Figure 7 yes Figure 2 3D schematic diagram of the mid-floating body; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the lower half of ; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the water intake sealing box in the third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the detector in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Main part; 2. Floating body; 3. Semipermeable membrane; 4. Upper space; 5. Lower space; 6. Data acquisition unit; 7. Communication module; 8. Sensor; 9. Water collection container; 10. Partition; 11. Reducer motor; 12. Fixed pulley; 13. Connecting rope; 14. Signal line; 15. Second reducer motor; 16. First screw-nut mechanism; 17. Fixed block; 18. Rectangular slider; 19. Third reducer motor; 20. Second screw-nut mechanism; 21. Second fixed block; 22. Weight; 23. Water tank; 24. Opening and closing valve; 25. Vent valve; 26. High-pressure gas cylinder; 27. Water collection sealing box; 28. Sealing cover; 29. Rope; 30. PE bottle-shaped shell; 31. Detector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following embodiments are further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1: Figures 1 to 7 As shown (for ease of illustration, Figure 1(The infiltration structure and float are not shown). The present invention is a method for detecting water quality in large water areas for filter-feeding bighead carp. The detection device is placed on the liquid surface of the large water area for filter-feeding bighead carp, and a part of the detection device is located below the liquid surface. The main part 1 of the detection device located below the liquid surface gradually takes water by seepage. For water samples taken at different heights, the hinged sealing cover is driven to close after water is taken, and the sensor 8 moves to the corresponding water sample for detection; the data acquisition unit 6 obtains raw data from the sensor 8, and sends the data to the communication module 7 through the interface after pre-processing. The communication module 7 sends the data to the central server in a protocol format, and the central server visualizes the data on a visual interface through a network communication protocol.

[0029] The connection method between the communication module and the central server can be wired or wireless; the monitoring communication method of water quality monitoring is wireless monitoring; if the probe is lifting but directly detects the water quality of the water area, there will still be a certain degree of stirring of the water body when the probe descends, and due to the lifting process, the probe will contact the water quality of different areas and different liquid levels during the rising or falling process; this solution allows the sensor probe to directly leave the water area during the descent process, minimizing the impact of the detection process itself on the detection results; water is collected by slowly infiltrating multiple infiltration holes; and then the lifting water quality sensor probe is directly inserted into the water collection container for detection.

[0030] The water quality detection device for large-surface waters of filter-feeding bighead carp consists of a water intake part and a detection part. The water intake part is a water intake sealing box, a float is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the water intake sealing box, and a water seepage structure is arranged on the outer wall of the water intake sealing box; the detection part includes a sensor, a data acquisition unit connected to the sensor, a communication module connected to the data acquisition unit, a central server connected to the communication module signal, and a visualization interface connected to the central server.

[0031] The filter-feeding bighead carp large-surface water quality detection device further comprises a main body portion 1; the water intake sealing box is the lower half of the main body portion.

[0032] The floating body 2 is located above the water seepage structure; a filter screen fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main body is provided outside the water seepage structure; The water seepage structure includes a semipermeable membrane 3 or a micropore group arranged on the surface of the main body; the micropore group is composed of a number of micropores with a diameter of 0.1 to 1 mm; The internal space of the main body 1 is divided into two parts, the upper part 4 is provided with a data acquisition unit 6 and a communication module 7, and the lower part 5 is provided with a sensor 8 and a water collection container 9 connected to the water seepage structure; Several seepage structures are installed and located in different positions within the main body, each corresponding to a water collection container 9. A partition 10 is fixedly installed within the main body, with upper and lower spaces 4 and 5 defined above and below. A screw feed system is also fixed within the lower space, with a reduction motor 11 and a fixed pulley 12 connected to the reduction motor fixed to the reduction motor. A connecting rope 13 is wound around the fixed pulley, with one end fixedly connected to the fixed pulley 12 and the other end fixedly connected to the sensor 8. (The reduction motor 11, fixed pulley 12, connecting rope 13, and sensor 8 can be considered the sensor's lifting mechanism.) The water collection container is an open bucket with an opening at the top, and the sidewalls of the bucket are connected to the seepage structure.

[0033] Several water-seepage structures are provided at different heights, and the projections of the various water-collecting containers on the inner bottom wall of the main body do not overlap (this effectively ensures that the sensor's penetration into any water-collecting container is not interfered with by containers located elsewhere). A float 2 is provided within the main body of the detection device, allowing a portion of the detection device to reside below the liquid surface, while the electrical components within the device reside above the liquid surface. A data acquisition unit collects and initially processes data from the sensors. The communication module transmits the collected data via a wireless network to a central server, which further processes the data and displays it through a visual interface. The central server is connected to the visual interface. The outer surface of the upper portion 4 of the main body is free of any perforations or openings, preventing wind and waves from blowing water vapor or droplets from the water surface into the upper portion of the main body, potentially damaging electrical components (such as the communication module). Although the communication module is connected to the central server signal through a wireless network, it is also possible to consider setting the central server in the upper space 4 of the sealed main body to avoid the problem of unstable connection caused by the signal "penetrating the wall" (after such a setting, a hinged sealed door needs to be opened on the main body, and the device can be moved to the shore after taking water and then the sealed door can be opened for detection and visualization of data); the sensor 8 is connected to the data acquisition unit 6 through a signal line 14; the sensor is a water quality sensor probe, including a pH sensor probe and a probe with built-in dissolved oxygen and temperature sensors; the semi-permeable membrane or micropore is set away from the float; the number of floats can be set to several and set at the same height of the main body, and a circle around the outer wall of the main body. In order to ensure that the detection device is vertical when placed on the water surface, a weight block can be fixed on the inner bottom wall of the main body, and in conjunction with the floats set in a circle on the outer wall of the main body, it can be ensured that the detection device is in a vertical state when placed on the water surface.

[0034] The screw feeding system includes a second reduction motor 15 fixedly connected to the partition 10, the output shaft of the second reduction motor 15 is connected to the screw of the first screw nut mechanism 16, and the screw is rotated on two oppositely arranged fixed blocks 17, the fixed block is fixedly connected to the partition 10, a rectangular slider 18 is fixedly set on the nut of the first screw nut mechanism 16, and a third reduction motor 19 is fixed on the rectangular slider, the output shaft of the third reduction motor is connected to the screw of the second screw nut mechanism 20, and the screw of the second screw nut mechanism 20 is rotated on two oppositely arranged second fixed blocks 21, the second fixed block is fixedly connected to the rectangular slider 18, and the nut of the second screw nut mechanism 20 is fixedly set with a connecting block 22, and the reduction motor 11 and the fixed pulley 12 connected to the reduction motor are fixed on the connecting block. The start and stop times of the reduction motor, the second reduction motor, and the third reduction motor are set in advance so that each time the connecting rope 13 is lowered, the sensor probe extends into a water collection container. (Since the initial position of the sensor is determined, and the height and projection position of each water collection container on the bottom wall of the main body are also determined, the various steps are designed so that each water collection container can be detected after the detection device is placed in a large water area.) ) For detection. Because the water collection container is connected to the seepage structure, it is arranged around the inner side wall of the main body. This leaves a large space in the middle of the main body and above the highest water collection container. A flushing box and a residual liquid container can be installed here. The flushing device in the flushing box can flush the sensor probe after each detection to ensure detection accuracy. The motor box of the third reduction motor 19 can be fixedly installed on the rectangular slider, and then the flushing box can be fixedly installed under the motor box. After each detection is completed, the sensor is transferred to the flushing box for flushing through the screw feeding system (this is a prior art and will not be described in detail. You can refer to the similar design of Yang Jinming's paper "Design of a Lifting Aquaculture Water Quality Automatic Detection System" published in "Fishery Modernization" Volume 43, Issue 4, August 2016).

[0035] Example 2: The difference from Example 1 is that Figure 8 、 Figure 9 As shown (for ease of illustration, Figure 8 Only one water tank is shown in the figure), the main body 1 is a sealed shell, a weight block 22 is fixedly set on the bottom wall of the main body; a heavy object is set in the float 2; a water tank 23 is fixedly set below the float 2 or on one side of the float, an opening and closing valve 24 is set at the bottom of the water tank, and a vent valve 25 is set at the top of the water tank. The water tank 23 is also connected to a high-pressure gas cylinder 26, and the high-pressure gas cylinder is placed in the main body.

[0036] The water intake container 9 is a horizontally placed water pipe with one end closed and the other end connected to the infiltration structure. An opening 27 is provided above the surface of the water pipe close to the infiltration structure, and the size of the opening is larger than the size of the sensor. To ensure that the water pipe is placed horizontally, a horizontal flat plate can be fixed on the inner wall of the main body (or the water intake sealing box) (if the water pipe is long, the water pipe can also be coiled in an Archimedean screw shape and placed on the flat plate, but the flat plate should not block the openings of other water pipes).

[0037] Open the vent valve 25, and the surface water will naturally flow into the water tank 23 under the action of gravity. Then close the vent valve. When the amount of water in the water tank is so much that the gravity of the detection device is greater than the buoyancy, the detection device will sink. When the water reaches the designed depth, open the high-pressure gas cylinder 26 and the on-off valve 24 to drain the water in the water tank until the buoyancy of the entire detection device is equal to the gravity. Then wait for a while. Then the sensor 8 is lifted and lowered to enter the water pipe from the opening for detection.

[0038] Example 3: The difference from Example 1 is that Figure 10 、 Figure 11 As shown, the detection device consists of a water intake part and a detection part. The water intake part is a water intake sealing box, a float is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the water intake sealing box, and a water seepage structure is arranged on the outer wall of the water intake sealing box; the detection part includes a sensor 8, a data acquisition unit 6 connected to the sensor, a communication module 7 connected to the data acquisition unit, a central server connected to the communication module signal, and a visual interface connected to the central server. The detection part is separately arranged from the water intake sealing box. The detection part is located outside the large water surface area. There are several water intake sealing boxes and they are arranged at different water depths in the large water surface area. A weight block 22 is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the water intake sealing box 27. The float 2 is selected to meet the gravity and buoyancy of the water intake sealing box. The permeation structure includes a semipermeable membrane 3 or a micropore group arranged on the surface of the water intake sealing box 27; the micropore group is composed of several micropores with a diameter of 0.1~1 mm, and the water intake sealing box is hinged with a sealing cover 28 at the semipermeable membrane or micropore to open and close the semipermeable membrane or micropore; the outer top wall of the water intake sealing box 27 is fixedly connected to a PE bottle-shaped shell 30 located on the liquid surface of the large water surface area through a rope 29, and the length of the rope connecting each water intake sealing box is different; the detection part includes a detector 31, and the sensor 8, data acquisition unit 6, and communication module 7 are arranged in the detector; a central server and a visual interface are arranged outside the detector.

[0039] First, place each PE bottle-shaped shell 30 on the liquid surface of the large water surface area just above the detection point, and then put several water-intake sealing boxes 27 downward in the large water surface area until the rope is straightened, so that the several water-intake sealing boxes 27 are placed at different water depths in the large water surface area, and then after the water-intake sealing boxes are basically stable and do not shake, drive the hinged sealing cover 28 to open, and start to slowly take water by seepage. According to the designed water intake depth (combined with the seepage speed of the infiltration structure, the appropriate interval time for closing the sealing cover can be calculated before putting it in), drive the hinged sealing cover to close; after taking water, pull the rope 29 upward to take out the water-intake sealing box 27 (although this process still has the problem of stirring the water body, since the process of taking water by seepage is before stirring the water body, the test result is not affected by the subsequent process of stirring the water body), take out the water-intake sealing box and open it, and then The water sample in the water-sealed box (that is, the water container 9 connected to the permeable structure such as a semipermeable membrane) is tested. During the test, the sensor is directly manually inserted into the water container to ensure that the testing process is not affected and the test results are accurate. Each water-sealed box clearly defines the location and water depth of its large water surface area, effectively monitoring the indicators of different test points, and making a huge contribution to accurately grasping the water quality conditions. Taking into account the gravity and buoyancy of the PE bottle-shaped shell 30 itself, it is possible that a part of the PE bottle-shaped shell 30 is located below the liquid surface. Therefore, this depth should be taken into account when designing the water depth (so when selecting the rope 29, its length should be subtracted from this depth, or the sum of the rope length and the depth of the PE bottle-shaped shell 30 immersed in the liquid surface is equal to the designed water depth). However, since the buoyancy of the PE bottle-shaped shell 30 is often large, this depth is generally very small and can be ignored.

[0040] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting water quality in large water areas for filter-feeding bighead carp, characterized in that: The method comprises the following detection steps: placing the detection device in a large water area of filter-feeding bighead carp, slowly extracting water by seepage, and detecting water samples at different heights after the sensor performs detection. The data acquisition unit obtains raw data from the sensor, and after pre-processing, sends the data to the communication module through the interface. The communication module sends the data to the central server according to the protocol format, and the central server visualizes the data on the visual interface through the network communication protocol.

2. The method for detecting water quality in large water areas of filter-feeding bighead carp according to claim 1, wherein: The detection device is placed on the liquid surface of a large water area of filter-feeding bighead carp, with a part of the detection device located below the liquid surface. The main part of the detection device located below the liquid surface gradually draws water by seepage. For water samples at different heights, the hinged sealing cover is driven to close after water is drawn, and the sensor moves to the corresponding water sample location for detection. The data acquisition unit obtains raw data from the sensor, and after pre-processing, sends the data to the communication module through the interface. The communication module sends the data to the central server in a protocol format, and the central server visualizes the data on a visual interface through a network communication protocol.

3. The method for detecting water quality in large water areas of filter-feeding bighead carp according to claim 1, wherein: The detection device is placed in a large water area for filter-feeding bighead carp. The detection step comprises: the detection device is completely placed under the liquid surface, the detection device is sunk to a designed water depth, the gravity is adjusted so that the buoyancy of the entire detection device is equal to the gravity, and then a period of time is waited; Then start to slowly take out water through seepage and then start testing; or use the sensor to directly probe the seepage at the designed water depth for testing.

4. The method for detecting water quality in large water areas of filter-feeding bighead carp according to claim 1, wherein: The detection step of placing the detection device in a large water area for filter-feeding bighead carp is as follows: placing several water intake parts of the detection device at different water depths in the large water area, and then starting to slowly intake water by seepage after the water intake parts are basically stable and do not shake, and then stopping water intake according to the designed water intake depth, and testing the water samples after water intake.

5. A water quality detection device for filter-feeding bighead carp in large water areas, using the detection method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: It consists of a water intake part and a detection part. The water intake part is a water intake sealed box, a float is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the water intake sealed box, and a water seepage structure is arranged on the outer wall of the water intake sealed box; the detection part includes a sensor, a data acquisition unit connected to the sensor, a communication module connected to the data acquisition unit, a central server connected to the communication module signal, and a visual interface connected to the central server.

6. The water quality detection device for large water surface areas of filter-feeding bighead carp according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter-feeding bighead carp large-surface water quality detection device also includes a main body; the water intake sealing box is the lower half of the main body.

7. The water quality detection device for large water surface areas of filter-feeding bighead carp according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filter-feeding bighead carp large-surface water quality detection device consists of a main body, a central server and a visual interface matched with the main body.

8. The water quality detection device for large water surface areas of filter-feeding bighead carp according to claim 7, characterized in that: The internal space of the main body is divided into two parts, the upper part is provided with a data acquisition unit and a communication module, and the lower part is provided with a sensor and a water intake container connected to the seepage structure.

9. The water quality detection device for large water surface areas of filter-feeding bighead carp according to claim 8, characterized in that: Several water seepage structures are set up and located at different positions of the main part, and each water seepage structure corresponds to a water collection container; a partition is fixedly set inside the main part, and the upper and lower parts of the partition are respectively an upper space and a lower space; a screw feeding system is also fixedly provided in the lower space, and a reduction motor and a fixed pulley connected to the reduction motor are fixedly provided on the screw feeding system, and a connecting rope is wound around the fixed pulley, one end of the connecting rope is fixedly connected to the fixed pulley, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sensor.

10. The water quality detection device for large water surface areas of filter-feeding bighead carp according to claim 6 or 9, characterized in that: The water intake sealing box is hinged with a sealing cover at the water seepage structure.

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