A modular electrolyte circulating air battery pack with fault isolation function

Abstract

The present invention discloses a modular electrolyte circulation air battery pack with fault isolation function, which belongs to the field of energy storage and conversion technology, and includes: several layers of battery modules, fixed modules, electrolyte circulation and purification systems, fault detection and isolation systems and battery management systems. The battery module consists of a vertical support frame and a single layer of air battery cells. The fixed module realizes mechanical fixation and electrical interconnection. The electrolyte circulation and purification system maintains the purity of the electrolyte. The fault detection and isolation system monitors and isolates the faulty unit in real time. The battery management system coordinates operation and regulates parameters. The present invention reduces the risk of flow channel blockage through a closed-loop circulation purification system, and the fault isolation mechanism avoids the spread of faults. The modular design supports plug-and-play, and the layered pump group and dynamic regulation adapt to the needs of multiple scenarios, improve energy conversion efficiency and application flexibility, and is suitable for a variety of air battery systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage and conversion, and in particular relates to a modular electrolyte circulation air battery pack with a fault isolation function. Background Art

[0002] As a novel energy storage technology, air batteries have attracted widespread attention in recent years due to their high theoretical energy density, environmental friendliness, and potential cost advantages. By utilizing oxygen in the air as the cathode reactant, air batteries achieve efficient energy conversion and exhibit great potential for applications in emergency power supplies, portable electronic devices, large-scale energy storage, and even electric transportation. However, the practical application of existing air battery technology still faces numerous technical challenges.

[0003] First, the electrolyte is a critical medium for ion transport. During battery operation, the electrolyte may form and accumulate side reaction products (such as magnesium hydroxide precipitation), as well as impurities and uneven distribution, leading to decreased conductivity, flow channel blockage, battery performance degradation, and even failure. Traditional static or simple circulation methods struggle to effectively maintain electrolyte purity. Second, in a battery pack consisting of multiple cells connected in series and parallel, performance degradation or sudden failure (such as short circuits, voltage anomalies, or blockage) in a single or a few cells can affect the output performance of the entire pack and even cause system shutdown without effective isolation measures. The lack of effective fault diagnosis and isolation mechanisms makes troubleshooting difficult, increases maintenance costs, and reduces operational reliability. Furthermore, traditional air battery packs are often fixed in design, making it difficult to flexibly adjust to the power and capacity requirements of different application scenarios. This limits their adaptability and application scope in diverse scenarios, such as portable devices of varying sizes and emergency units. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a modular electrolyte circulation air battery pack with fault isolation function to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a modular electrolyte circulation air battery pack with fault isolation function, comprising:

[0006] Several layers of battery modules, fixed modules, electrolyte circulation and purification systems, fault detection and isolation systems, and battery management system modules;

[0007] Each layer of battery modules includes several vertical support frames and multiple air battery units arranged in a single layer;

[0008] Fixing module, used for mechanically fixing and electrically interconnecting battery modules at each layer;

[0009] The electrolyte circulation and purification system connects the battery modules on each layer to achieve closed-loop circulation and dynamic purification of the electrolyte;

[0010] Fault detection and isolation system, used to monitor battery status in real time and isolate faulty units;

[0011] Battery management system, used to coordinate the operation of each module and adjust system parameters;

[0012] The battery module is connected to the electrolyte circulation and purification system, and the fault detection and isolation system is connected to the battery management system.

[0013] Optionally, the air battery cells in the battery module are divided into a plurality of battery groups, each of which is provided with a monomer group liquid inlet pipe and a common outlet pipe; the common outlet pipe is connected to the electrolyte outlet manifold.

[0014] Optionally, the air battery unit includes a negative electrode cover, a chemical reaction chamber, and an air electrode housing;

[0015] The negative electrode cover is sealed and connected to the chemical reaction chamber through fixing screw holes and is provided with two negative electrode terminals, wherein the fixing screw holes are set on the negative electrode cover; the chemical reaction chamber is provided with a wire channel, an electrolyte inlet and an electrolyte outlet, and is wrapped by the air electrode shell; the air electrode shell is a grid structure and is provided with a single current output port.

[0016] Optionally, the fixed module adopts an integrated bus support plate, and several air battery units of each layer of the module are installed and fixed on the integrated bus support plate; metal conductive strip groups are embedded on both sides of the board surface of the integrated bus support plate, and the metal conductive strip groups have a built-in conductive network; the negative terminal and the positive output terminal are aggregated to the single current output port, and are respectively connected to the conductive network of corresponding polarity through magnetic contacts.

[0017] Optionally, the electrolyte circulation and purification system includes a circulation pump group, a purified liquid storage tank, a salt silo, a step-by-step filter, a booster pump and a coarse filtration liquid storage tank connected in sequence.

[0018] Optionally, the coarse filtration liquid storage tank receives the electrolyte to be purified which is merged into the electrolyte reflux main pipe from the electrolyte outlet manifold;

[0019] The booster pump adopts a multi-stage centrifugal pump, and the circulating pump group includes a plurality of centrifugal pumps with increasing lifts in sequence, which distribute the purified electrolyte to the battery modules on different layers through the outlet of the circulating pump;

[0020] The salt silo is used to store solid electrolyte salt and regulate the concentration of the electrolyte solution.

[0021] Optionally, the fault detection and isolation system includes a state sensor network, a monomer group inlet electromagnetic control valve and a monomer group outlet electromagnetic control valve;

[0022] The state sensor network is wired and installed through the wire channel;

[0023] The state sensor network includes a voltage monitor installed in each air battery unit and a fluid state sensor set in each battery group;

[0024] The monomer group liquid inlet pipe and the common outlet pipeline are respectively connected in series to a monomer group inlet electromagnetic control valve and a monomer group outlet electromagnetic control valve.

[0025] Optionally, the battery management system module includes a fault diagnosis unit and a control unit;

[0026] The fault diagnosis unit is used to determine whether a fault exists based on the data transmitted by the state sensor network using a built-in fault diagnosis algorithm;

[0027] The control unit is used to control the electromagnetic control valve according to the fault state judgment result and manage the power of the circulation pump group and the booster pump.

[0028] Optionally, it also includes a battery external structure, which includes a battery pack shell, an artificial electrolyte filling port, a line channel, a battery management system module compartment and an electrolyte circulation pump compartment; the battery management system module compartment is used to install the battery management system; the electrolyte circulation pump compartment is used to accommodate the circulation pump compartment of the centrifugal pump.

[0029] Optionally, it includes three layers of battery modules, with eighteen air battery cells in each layer, and every three air battery cells are divided into a battery group.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0031] By incorporating an electrolyte circulation and progressive filtration system, this invention can effectively and continuously reduce reaction byproducts and impurities generated during battery operation. This not only ensures the long-term stability of the electrolyte's physical and chemical properties and effectively prevents flow channel blockages that could result from impurity accumulation, but more importantly, it ensures that the entire battery pack can continuously, stably, and efficiently output power, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency.

[0032] The integrated intelligent fault detection and isolation system provides real-time, uninterrupted status monitoring of every battery cell and group within the battery pack. Once the system detects an anomaly or fault in any cell, it quickly and accurately isolates the faulty cell (or group) from the main circuit. This rapid response mechanism effectively prevents the spread of localized faults, avoiding the risk of a chain reaction that could lead to complete battery pack failure, thereby significantly improving the overall system reliability and operational safety.

[0033] This invention utilizes an advanced modular design concept, making initial battery pack assembly, subsequent performance testing, and necessary repairs more convenient and efficient. In particular, if an irreversible failure occurs in a module or battery pack, it can be easily and independently replaced. This significantly reduces the technical difficulty and complexity of maintenance work and effectively shortens downtime, thereby reducing associated maintenance costs and operational losses. Furthermore, precise fault isolation facilitates rapid problem location, further improving diagnostic and repair efficiency.

[0034] The modular design provides the battery system with high flexibility and scalability. Users can easily customize the target voltage level and total capacity by flexibly adjusting the number of battery pack layers and the number of battery cells contained in each layer, based on specific application requirements (such as power requirements, energy density, and installation space). This "configuration on demand" capability enables the present invention to better adapt to diverse equipment or system requirements and provides flexibility for future system upgrades or capacity expansion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of this application. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of this application are intended to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation on this application. In the accompanying drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a battery pack and the layout of its main functional compartments according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of battery pack integration and flow path control according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a single-layer battery module structure and its electrolyte interface according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the detailed structure of a single air battery unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of an electrolyte circulation and purification system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of multi-stage distribution and reflux collection of electrolyte according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a general schematic diagram of a modular electrolyte circulation air battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure numerals: 101, battery pack housing; 102, artificial electrolyte filling port; 103, line channel; 104, battery management system module compartment; 105, electrolyte circulation pump compartment; 201, monomer group inlet electromagnetic control valve; 202, monomer group outlet electromagnetic control valve; 205, monomer group liquid inlet pipe; 206, artificial electrolyte filling connection port; 203, electrolyte outlet manifold; 204, integrated confluence support plate; 301, support frame; 302a, first layer electrolyte confluence port; 302b, single layer electrolyte confluence port; 303, monomer battery; 401, negative electrode cover plate; 401a, negative electrode terminal 1, the first layer of the electrolyte inlet; 303a, the second layer of the electrolyte inlet; 304a, the third layer of the electrolyte inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0045] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a modular electrolyte circulation air battery pack with fault isolation function, including:

[0048] 1.Battery pack stacking module and single body structure.

[0049] The battery pack is placed in a battery pack casing 101. The outer dimensions of the casing are approximately 780×270×360 (default unit: mm, the same below). The casing can be made of engineering plastic and manufactured through 3D printing and other methods. The internal space is divided into a compartment 104 for installing a battery management system module, a circulating pump compartment 105 for placing a centrifugal pump, and an area located near the compartment for accommodating the remaining components of the electrolyte circulation and purification system. The remaining space is used to install the core battery stacking module.

[0050] The core power generation section adopts a modular design, consisting of multiple vertical support frames 301 with an overall dimension of 10×10×77mm, which together form the overall skeleton of the battery stack. It is used to support multiple layers of horizontally arranged air battery cells (i.e., battery cells 303, the same below), with an overall dimension of approximately 86×40×72mm. Each layer of air battery cells and their support plates constitute a battery module. In this embodiment, a total of three layers of battery modules are provided.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, each independent air battery cell generates approximately 1.5W of power (its components can also be produced using additive manufacturing technologies such as 3D printing). The exterior is an air cathode housing 403, whose grille structure ensures full air contact with the internal air cathode while protecting it from damage. Inside is a chemical reaction chamber 402, enclosed by the air cathode housing. This provides the core space required for electrolyte flow and electrochemical reactions. Electrolyte inlets 402b and electrolyte outlets 402c are located on both sides of the chemical reaction chamber, and a wire channel 402a is reserved for internal wiring, which is used for the arrangement of internal circuits such as sensors. The upper portion is a negative electrode cover 401, which is sealed to the chemical reaction chamber via fixing screw holes 401b. It also has a negative electrode terminal 401a that connects to the metal inside the chemical reaction chamber and connects to the metal inside the electrochemical reaction to conduct current. The side of the air cathode housing is provided with a single current output port 403a. Through these terminals and output ports, each cell has independent power supply capabilities and can be used independently without the battery pack.

[0052] 2.Integrated bus support plate and battery group division.

[0053] The multiple air battery cells 303 in each module layer are mounted and fixed to an integrated busbar support plate 204, measuring 720 × 260 mm. This plate not only provides reliable mechanical support and positioning but also incorporates a built-in conductive network (busbar) via metal conductive strips embedded on both sides of the plate. The negative and positive output terminals of each cell are aggregated to the cell current output port 403a, which connects to the corresponding polarity busbars on the support plate via magnetic contacts. The aggregated current flows through conductors and is ultimately routed to the battery management system via the wiring channel 103 in the housing. On the support plate, three adjacent battery cells are defined as a "battery group" to facilitate unified electrolyte flow management and fault isolation control. The integrated busbar support plate 204 and support frame 301 work together to form a stable battery stack structure. The integrated design facilitates assembly. After assembly, each layer contains 18 battery cells, for a total of 54 cells across the three layers. The overall theoretical power generation capacity is approximately 81W.

[0054] 3.Electrolyte circulation and purification system.

[0055] The system includes a closed electrolyte circulation loop for maintaining the purity and fluidity of the electrolyte. The system is equipped with a coarse filtration storage tank 506 with a capacity of approximately 3,000 cubic centimeters, which is used to receive the electrolyte to be purified, which is collected through the electrolyte outlet manifold 203 and incorporated into the electrolyte reflux main pipe 603 and carries reaction byproducts and impurities. The filter installed in the tank can perform preliminary coarse particle filtration on the electrolyte. The booster pump 505 uses a multi-stage centrifugal pump to pressurize the coarsely filtered electrolyte and send it to the step-by-step filter 504 for fine filtration. The filter contains a filter membrane of a specific precision for removing fine impurities. The purified electrolyte is stored in the purified liquid storage tank 502 with a capacity of approximately 3,000 cubic centimeters for standby use. The circulation pump assembly 501, comprising three centrifugal pumps with increasing head, draws clean electrolyte from the purified liquid storage tank and distributes it to different levels of the battery stack as needed via the first, second, and third circulation pump outlets 601a, 601b, and 601c. The salt silo 503, with a capacity of approximately 1700 cubic centimeters, stores solid electrolyte salt for initial mixing and subsequent control of electrolyte solution concentration.

[0056] 4. Fault detection and isolation system.

[0057] A network of state sensors is installed outside the chemical reaction chamber within each air cell, using wire channels 402a for wiring. Power is provided by the wire network on both sides of the integrated busbar support plate 204. Voltage monitors are installed at the cell level. Furthermore, sensors for liquid level and pH are placed in the flow channels or at key locations within each battery cell to monitor the fluid status at the cell level.

[0058] like Figure 2As shown, each "battery group" has a cell group inlet solenoid control valve 201 and a cell group outlet solenoid control valve 202 installed in series on the cell group inlet pipe 205 and the common outlet pipe (connected to the electrolyte outlet manifold 203), respectively. These valves are controlled by the battery management system. Sensors continuously monitor the status of each cell and transmit the data to the battery management system. The battery management system has a built-in fault diagnosis algorithm. If any cell or cells within a group exhibit a pre-defined fault condition (such as low or high voltage, abnormal liquid level, or signs of an internal short circuit), the battery management system immediately issues a command to simultaneously close the cell group inlet solenoid control valve 201 and cell group outlet solenoid control valve 202 corresponding to the faulty group. This physically cuts off the electrolyte supply to and out of the faulty group, completely isolating the group from the circulation system. By suspending the electrolyte supply, the electrochemical reaction within the group is effectively suppressed or stopped, preventing the fault from spreading and ensuring the normal operation of the rest of the system. This effectively isolates the fault (a "cell monitoring-group isolation" strategy). This achieves effective electrical soft isolation.

[0059] 5.Battery management system.

[0060] The battery management system, located in the battery management system module compartment 104, serves as the control center for the entire battery pack. Its functions include receiving and processing data from all sensors (cell voltage / temperature, sub-cell fluid level / pH, etc.). It also performs battery status monitoring and implements fault diagnosis algorithms. It controls the on / off status of all fault isolation valves. It manages the start / stop and operating power of the circulation pump unit 501 and booster pump 505, regulating electrolyte flow to adapt to different operating conditions. It also monitors electrolyte status. It manages the battery pack's charge / discharge process and total power output, displaying various data in real time on the display panel. Reliable communication and control connections with various components, including sensors, actuators (valves, pumps), and power interfaces, are achieved through line channel 103.

[0061] When the battery pack is first operated, the electrolyte is poured into the manual electrolyte filling port 102. At this time, the electrolyte will enter the battery cells due to gravity, so that the battery pack starts to generate electricity. When the battery management system detects that the power generation reaches a certain value, it starts the circulation pump to automatically add electrolyte. During normal operation ( Figure 7 ), the electrolyte in the circulation and purification system ( Figure 5 ) and battery stacking ( Figure 3 ) continuously flows between the closed loops: the purified electrolyte flows from the purified liquid storage tank 502 → is pumped in layers through the circulating pump group 501 → is connected to the circulating pump outlet Figure 6The electrolyte flows through the first-layer electrolyte inlet 302a, the second-layer electrolyte inlet 303a, and the third-layer electrolyte inlet 304a. The electrolyte flows through the battery cell reaction area (chemical reaction chamber 402), flows through the battery cell outlet (402c, and flows into the electrolyte outlet manifold 203), flows to the return ports of each layer (connected to the single-layer electrolyte pump inlet), flows into the electrolyte return manifold 603, passes through the coarse filtration reservoir 506, passes through the booster pump 505, passes through the step-by-step filter 504, and returns to the purified liquid reservoir 502. Simultaneously, air enters the battery through the air electrode housing 403 to participate in the positive electrode reaction. The battery management system monitors the status of each cell in real time. If a fault occurs, the battery management system controls the closing of the corresponding cell group inlet solenoid control valve 201 and cell group outlet solenoid control valve 202, isolating the faulty cell.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] This embodiment provides a modular electrolyte circulation air battery pack with a fault isolation function, comprising:

[0064] Several layers of battery modules, fixed modules, electrolyte circulation and purification systems, fault detection and isolation systems, and battery management system modules;

[0065] Each layer of battery modules includes several vertical support frames and multiple air battery units arranged in a single layer;

[0066] As a specific implementation method, the air battery cells in the battery module are divided into several battery groups, and the battery groups are provided with monomer group liquid inlet pipes and common outlet pipes; the common outlet pipe is connected to the electrolyte outlet manifold.

[0067] As a specific embodiment, the air battery unit includes a negative electrode cover, a chemical reaction chamber, and an air electrode housing;

[0068] The negative electrode cover is sealed and connected to the chemical reaction chamber through fixing screw holes, and is provided with two negative electrode terminals, wherein the fixing screw holes are set on the negative electrode cover; the chemical reaction chamber is provided with a wire channel, an electrolyte inlet and an electrolyte outlet, and is wrapped by the air electrode shell; the air electrode shell is a grid structure and is provided with a single current output port.

[0069] Fixing module, used for mechanically fixing and electrically interconnecting battery modules at each layer;

[0070] As a specific implementation method, the fixed module adopts an integrated bus support plate, and several air battery units of each layer of the module are installed and fixed on the integrated bus support plate; metal conductive strip groups are embedded on both sides of the board surface of the integrated bus support plate, and the metal conductive strip groups have a built-in conductive network; the negative terminal and the positive output terminal are aggregated to the single current output port, and are connected to the conductive network of the corresponding polarity through magnetic contacts.

[0071] The electrolyte circulation and purification system connects the battery modules on each layer to achieve closed-loop circulation and dynamic purification of the electrolyte;

[0072] As a specific embodiment, the electrolyte circulation and purification system includes a circulation pump group, a purified liquid storage tank, a salt silo, a step-by-step filter, a booster pump and a coarse filter storage tank connected in sequence.

[0073] As a specific embodiment, the coarse filtration liquid storage tank receives the electrolyte to be purified which is merged into the electrolyte return main pipe from the electrolyte outlet manifold;

[0074] The booster pump adopts a multi-stage centrifugal pump, and the circulation pump group includes multiple centrifugal pumps with increasing lifts in sequence. The purified electrolyte is distributed to the battery modules on different layers through the circulation pump outlet.

[0075] The salt silo is used to store solid electrolyte salt and regulate the concentration of the electrolyte solution.

[0076] Fault detection and isolation system, used to monitor battery status in real time and isolate faulty units;

[0077] As a specific implementation, the fault detection and isolation system includes a state sensor network, a monomer group inlet electromagnetic control valve, and a monomer group outlet electromagnetic control valve;

[0078] The status sensor network is installed by wiring through a wire channel;

[0079] The state sensor network includes a voltage monitor installed in each air battery unit and a fluid state sensor set in each battery group;

[0080] The monomer group liquid inlet pipe and the common outlet pipeline are respectively connected in series with the monomer group inlet electromagnetic control valve and the monomer group outlet electromagnetic control valve.

[0081] Battery management system, used to coordinate the operation of each module and adjust system parameters;

[0082] As a specific implementation, the battery management system module includes a fault diagnosis unit and a control unit;

[0083] The fault diagnosis unit is used to determine whether a fault exists based on the data transmitted by the state sensor network using a built-in fault diagnosis algorithm;

[0084] The control unit is used to control the electromagnetic control valve according to the fault status judgment result and manage the power of the circulation pump group and the booster pump.

[0085] The battery module is connected to the electrolyte circulation and purification system, and the fault detection and isolation system is connected to the battery management system.

[0086] As a specific embodiment, it also includes a battery external structure, which includes a battery pack shell, an artificial electrolyte filling port, a line channel, a battery management system module compartment and an electrolyte circulation pump compartment; the battery management system module compartment is used to install the battery management system; the electrolyte circulation pump compartment is used to accommodate the circulation pump compartment of the centrifugal pump.

[0087] As a specific implementation, it includes three layers of battery modules, each layer has eighteen air battery cells, and every three air battery cells are divided into a battery group.

[0088] This embodiment provides a modular electrolyte-circulating air battery pack with fault isolation. Through an optimized electrolyte circulation and filtration system design, it effectively maintains the purity and smooth flow of the electrolyte, ensuring the stable and efficient operation of the battery pack. At the same time, the system integrates fault detection and isolation technology. Once an abnormality is detected in a single battery cell or small group, it can be automatically isolated, effectively preventing the spread of the fault and improving the overall reliability and safety of the battery pack. Furthermore, its modular structure makes assembly, maintenance, and replacement more convenient, and can easily achieve on-demand expansion of capacity and power, enhancing application flexibility.

[0089] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A modular electrolyte circulation air battery pack with fault isolation function, characterized in that: include: Several layers of battery modules, fixed modules, electrolyte circulation and purification systems, fault detection and isolation systems, and battery management system modules; Each layer of battery modules includes several vertical support frames and multiple air battery units arranged in a single layer; The air battery cells in the battery module are divided into a plurality of battery groups, each of which is provided with a monomer group liquid inlet pipe and a common outlet pipe; the common outlet pipe is connected to the electrolyte outlet manifold; Fixing module, used for mechanically fixing and electrically interconnecting battery modules at each layer; The fixed module uses an integrated busbar support plate, and several air battery cells in each module layer are mounted and fixed on the integrated busbar support plate; metal conductive strip groups are embedded on both sides of the integrated busbar support plate, and the metal conductive strip groups have a built-in conductive network; the negative terminal and the positive output terminal are aggregated to the single current output port and connected to the conductive network of the corresponding polarity through magnetic contacts; The electrolyte circulation and purification system connects the battery modules on each layer to achieve closed-loop circulation and dynamic purification of the electrolyte; Fault detection and isolation system, used to monitor battery status in real time and isolate faulty units; The fault detection and isolation system includes a state sensor network, a single-group inlet electromagnetic control valve, and a single-group outlet electromagnetic control valve; The state sensor network is wired and installed through a wire channel; The state sensor network includes a voltage monitor installed in each air battery unit and a fluid state sensor set in each battery group; The monomer group liquid inlet pipe and the common outlet pipe are connected in series with a monomer group inlet electromagnetic control valve and a monomer group outlet electromagnetic control valve respectively; Battery management system, used to coordinate the operation of each module and adjust system parameters; The battery module is connected to the electrolyte circulation and purification system, and the fault detection and isolation system is connected to the battery management system.

2. The modular electrolyte circulation air battery pack with fault isolation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air battery unit includes a negative electrode cover, a chemical reaction chamber, and an air electrode shell; The negative electrode cover is sealed and connected to the chemical reaction chamber through fixing screw holes and is provided with two negative electrode terminals, wherein the fixing screw holes are set on the negative electrode cover; the chemical reaction chamber is provided with a wire channel, an electrolyte inlet and an electrolyte outlet, and is wrapped by the air electrode shell; the air electrode shell is a grid structure and is provided with a single current output port.

3. The modular electrolyte circulation air battery pack with fault isolation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte circulation and purification system comprises a circulation pump group, a purified liquid storage tank, a salt silo, a step-by-step filter, a booster pump and a coarse filter storage tank which are connected in sequence.

4. The modular electrolyte circulation air battery pack with fault isolation function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The coarse filtration liquid storage tank receives the electrolyte to be purified which is merged into the electrolyte reflux main pipe through the electrolyte outlet manifold; The booster pump adopts a multi-stage centrifugal pump, and the circulating pump group includes a plurality of centrifugal pumps with increasing lifts in sequence, which distribute the purified electrolyte to the battery modules on different layers through the outlet of the circulating pump; The salt silo is used to store solid electrolyte salt and regulate the concentration of the electrolyte solution.

5. The modular electrolyte circulation air battery pack with fault isolation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery management system module includes a fault diagnosis unit and a control unit; The fault diagnosis unit is used to determine whether a fault exists based on the data transmitted by the state sensor network using a built-in fault diagnosis algorithm; The control unit is used to control the electromagnetic control valve according to the fault state judgment result and manage the power of the circulation pump group and the booster pump.

6. The modular electrolyte circulation air battery pack with fault isolation function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery also includes an external structure, which includes a battery pack housing, an artificial electrolyte filling port, a circuit channel, a battery management system module compartment, and an electrolyte circulation pump compartment; the battery management system module compartment is used to install the battery management system; The electrolyte circulation pump compartment is used to house the circulation pump compartment of the centrifugal pump.

7. The modular electrolyte circulation air battery pack with fault isolation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes three layers of battery modules, with eighteen air battery cells in each layer, and every three air battery cells are divided into a battery group.

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