Registration method, device and equipment and readable storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a registration method, device and equipment and a readable storage medium, relates to the technical field of communication, and aims to realize registration of passive Internet of Things equipment. The method comprises the following steps: a first network function receives one or more of the following information sent by a terminal or a second function: passive Internet of Things indication information, an identifier of the terminal, a group identifier and information related to the terminal. According to the embodiment of the invention, the registration of the passive Internet of Things equipment can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a registration method, apparatus, device, and readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] The Internet of Things (IoT), driven by the idea that everything can be connected to the internet and ultimately achieving the interconnection of everything, has enabled billions of devices to connect and interoperate. After more than a decade of development, the low-power IoT has developed a range of mature low-power IoT technologies, represented by Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Long Range Radio (LoRa), Narrow Band IoT (NB-IoT), and Reduced Capability (RedCap).

[0003] In recent years, the Ambient IoT (Ambient IoT) has become a hot topic. Ambient IoT utilizes ambient energy harvesting technology to convert available signals and energy into electrical energy that can drive its own circuits. This technology, based on a scattering-based communication model, transmits information to target nodes. Its most notable feature is its independence from traditional battery power, effectively addressing bottlenecks in the development of low-power IoT. It is a key technology for the next generation of IoT, with widespread applications in smart warehousing, logistics, asset management, and other fields.

[0004] There is no registration solution for passive IoT devices in the related art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a registration method, apparatus, device, and readable storage medium to implement registration of passive Internet of Things devices.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration method, applied to a first network function, including:

[0007] The first network function receives one or more of the following information sent by the terminal or the second function:

[0008] Passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, group identifier, and terminal-related information.

[0009] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[0010] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[0011] Class A passive IoT devices;

[0012] Class B passive IoT devices;

[0013] Class C passive IoT devices.

[0014] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[0015] All or part of the Electronic Product Code (EPC) field;

[0016] General manager number;

[0017] Item category;

[0018] Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) ID;

[0019] Group ID;

[0020] Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI);

[0021] Subscription Concealed Identifier (SUCI);

[0022] Generic Public Subscription Identifier (GPSI);

[0023] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier (GUTI);

[0024] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identifier (TMSI);

[0025] Permanent Equipment Identifier (PEI).

[0026] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0027] Data information related to the terminal;

[0028] Sensor data information;

[0029] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[0030] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information serves as all or part of the capability information of the terminal.

[0031] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0032] The first network function sends first mobility management related information to the terminal and / or the second function according to one or more of the following information:

[0033] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the contract information.

[0034] Optionally, the first mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0035] Registration area;

[0036] Tracking area;

[0037] cell identification;

[0038] mobility restrictions;

[0039] Permitted and / or prohibited areas.

[0040] Optionally, the contract information includes one or more of the following:

[0041] All or part of the terminal's identification;

[0042] the group identifier;

[0043] The passive Internet of Things indication information;

[0044] PLMN ID;

[0045] second mobility management related information;

[0046] Session management related information;

[0047] Transmit relevant information;

[0048] Positioning or ranging related information;

[0049] Positioning format;

[0050] Positioning or ranging accuracy;

[0051] Billing method;

[0052] Validity period of the terminal identification;

[0053] The number of times the terminal identification is valid;

[0054] Validity period of the contract information;

[0055] The number of times the contract information is valid;

[0056] Information related to air interface resources;

[0057] Go to register relevant information;

[0058] To access relevant information;

[0059] Network openness related information.

[0060] Optionally, the second mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0061] Mobility management is allowed or not allowed, supported or not supported, required or not required; and / or,

[0062] The session management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0063] Allowing or not allowing session establishment, supporting or not supporting session establishment, requiring or not requiring session establishment; and / or,

[0064] The transmission related information includes one or more of the following:

[0065] Allowing or not allowing control plane transmission, supporting or not supporting control plane transmission, requiring or not requiring control plane transmission, allowing or not allowing user plane transmission, supporting or not supporting user plane transmission, requiring or not requiring user plane transmission; and / or,

[0066] The positioning or ranging related information includes one or more of the following:

[0067] Allowing or not allowing positioning, supporting or not supporting positioning, requiring or not requiring positioning, allowing or not allowing ranging, supporting or not supporting ranging, requiring or not requiring ranging, the format of positioning or ranging, the accuracy of positioning or ranging; and / or,

[0068] The air interface resource related information includes one or more of the following:

[0069] whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources after registration, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources after registration; and / or,

[0070] The deregistration related information includes one or more of the following:

[0071] to register or not to register, to register after registering or not to register, to retain the registration status after registering or not to retain the registration status, to refuse to register or not to refuse to register or to accept the registration; and / or,

[0072] The access-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0073] Go to access or not to access, go to access after access or not to access, retain access status after access or not to retain access status, refuse access or not refuse access or accept access.

[0074] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0075] The first network function receives the subscription information from a third network function.

[0076] Optionally, the first network function receives one or more of the following information sent by the terminal through a non-access stratum (NAS):

[0077] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and information related to the terminal;

[0078] or,

[0079] The first network function receives one or more of the following information sent by the second function, wherein the information is sent by the terminal to the second function through an access stratum (AS):

[0080] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the terminal-related information.

[0081] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0082] The first network function sends one or more of the following information to the third network function:

[0083] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0084] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0085] The first network function determines the address or identifier of the third network function based on one or more of the following information:

[0086] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, and the group identifier.

[0087] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0088] The first network function determines the address or identifier of the third network function according to the local configuration information; and / or

[0089] The first network function obtains the address or identifier of the third network function from the fourth network function.

[0090] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0091] The first network function sends one or more of the following information to the fourth network function:

[0092] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0093] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0094] The first network function sends the terminal-related information to the fourth network function and / or the fifth network function; and / or,

[0095] The first network function sends the terminal-related information to the fifth network function through the sixth network function.

[0096] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0097] The first network function sends the terminal-related information to the fifth network function according to one or more of the following information:

[0098] The request for the fifth network function, local configuration, and contract information.

[0099] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0100] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function (AMF), tag management function (TMF), unified data management (UDM), unified data storage (UDR), radio access network (RAN); and / or,

[0101] The second function includes at least one of the following: RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal; and / or,

[0102] The third network function includes at least one of the following: UDM, TMF, UDR, Policy Control Function (PCF), Network Exposure Function (NEF), Network Repository Function (NRF); and / or,

[0103] The fourth network function includes at least one of the following: NRF, TMF, UDM, UDR; and / or,

[0104] The fifth network function includes at least one of the following: application function (AF), NEF, PCF, UDM, UDR; and / or,

[0105] The sixth network function includes at least one of the following: NEF, PCF, Session Management Function (SMF), TMF, UDM, and UDR.

[0106] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration method, which is applied to the second function, including:

[0107] The second function sends first information to the terminal to trigger registration of the terminal.

[0108] Optionally, the second function sending the first information to the terminal includes:

[0109] The second function sends the first information to the terminal according to the second information received from the first network function or the local configuration information.

[0110] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0111] The second function receives one or more of the following information from the terminal:

[0112] Passive Internet of Things indication information, terminal identification, group identification, and information related to the terminal.

[0113] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0114] Data information related to the terminal;

[0115] Sensor data information;

[0116] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[0117] Optionally, the second information and / or the identifier of the terminal includes one or more of the following:

[0118] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[0119] General manager number;

[0120] Item category;

[0121] PLMN ID;

[0122] Group ID;

[0123] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0124] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0125] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0126] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0127] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0128] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0129] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[0130] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[0131] Class A passive IoT devices;

[0132] Class B passive IoT devices;

[0133] Class C passive IoT devices.

[0134] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0135] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[0136] The second function includes at least one of the following: RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[0137] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration method, which is applied to the second function, including:

[0138] The second function receives a registration request sent by the terminal;

[0139] The second function sends the registration request to the first network function.

[0140] Optionally, the registration request includes one or more of the following:

[0141] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, and group identification.

[0142] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[0143] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[0144] Class A passive IoT devices;

[0145] Class B passive IoT devices;

[0146] Class C passive IoT devices.

[0147] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[0148] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[0149] General manager number;

[0150] Item category;

[0151] PLMN ID;

[0152] Group ID;

[0153] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0154] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0155] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0156] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0157] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0158] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0159] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0160] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[0161] The second function includes at least one of the following: RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[0162] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration method, which is applied to the second function, including:

[0163] The second function selects the first network function based on one or more of the following information:

[0164] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification.

[0165] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0166] The second function receives at least one of the following from the terminal:

[0167] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0168] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[0169] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[0170] Class A passive IoT devices;

[0171] Class B passive IoT devices;

[0172] Class C passive IoT devices.

[0173] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[0174] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[0175] General manager number;

[0176] Item category;

[0177] PLMN ID;

[0178] Group ID;

[0179] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0180] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0181] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0182] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0183] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0184] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0185] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0186] The second function sends at least one of the following to the first network function:

[0187] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0188] Optionally, the second function sends at least one of the following to the first network function through the Next Generation Application Protocol (NGAP):

[0189] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0190] Optionally, the second function receives a registration request sent by the terminal, where the registration request includes at least one of the following:

[0191] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0192] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0193] The second function sends the registration request to the first network function.

[0194] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0195] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[0196] The second function includes at least one of the following: RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[0197] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration method, which is applied to a third network function, including:

[0198] The third network function receives one or more of the following information from the first network function:

[0199] The terminal's identification;

[0200] Terminal-related information;

[0201] Registration request information;

[0202] Instructions to obtain contract information;

[0203] Indicates subscription contract information.

[0204] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[0205] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[0206] General manager number;

[0207] Item category;

[0208] PLMN ID;

[0209] Group ID;

[0210] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0211] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0212] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0213] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0214] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0215] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0216] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0217] Data information related to the terminal;

[0218] Sensor data information;

[0219] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[0220] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0221] The third network function sends the subscription information of the terminal to the first network function. Optionally, the subscription information includes one or more of the following:

[0222] All or part of the terminal's identification;

[0223] the group identifier;

[0224] The passive Internet of Things indication information;

[0225] Public land mobile network identification PLMN ID;

[0226] second mobility management related information;

[0227] Session management related information;

[0228] Transmit relevant information;

[0229] Positioning or ranging related information;

[0230] Positioning format;

[0231] Positioning or ranging accuracy;

[0232] Billing method;

[0233] Validity period of the terminal identification;

[0234] The number of times the terminal identification is valid;

[0235] Validity period of the contract information;

[0236] The number of times the contract information is valid;

[0237] Information related to air interface resources;

[0238] Go to register relevant information;

[0239] To access relevant information;

[0240] Network openness related information.

[0241] Optionally, the second mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0242] Mobility management is allowed or not allowed, supported or not supported, required or not required; and / or,

[0243] The session management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0244] Allowing or not allowing session establishment, supporting or not supporting session establishment, requiring or not requiring session establishment; and / or,

[0245] The transmission related information includes one or more of the following:

[0246] Allowing or not allowing control plane transmission, supporting or not supporting control plane transmission, requiring or not requiring control plane transmission, allowing or not allowing user plane transmission, supporting or not supporting user plane transmission, requiring or not requiring user plane transmission; and / or,

[0247] The positioning or ranging related information includes one or more of the following:

[0248] Allowing or not allowing positioning, supporting or not supporting positioning, requiring or not requiring positioning, allowing or not allowing ranging, supporting or not supporting ranging, requiring or not requiring ranging, the format of positioning or ranging, the accuracy of positioning or ranging; and / or,

[0249] The air interface resource related information includes one or more of the following:

[0250] Whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources after registration, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources after registration; and / or

[0251] The deregistration related information includes one or more of the following:

[0252] to register or not to register, to register after registering or not to register, to retain the registration status after registering or not to retain the registration status, to refuse to register or not to refuse to register or to accept the registration; and / or,

[0253] The access-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0254] Go to access or not to access, go to access after access or not to access, retain access status after access or not to retain access status, refuse access or not refuse access or accept access.

[0255] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0256] The third network function sends the terminal-related information to the fifth network function.

[0257] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0258] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or,

[0259] The third network function includes at least one of the following: UDM, TMF, UDR, PCF, NEF, NRF; and / or,

[0260] The fifth network function includes at least one of the following: AF, NEF, PCF, UDM, and UDR.

[0261] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration method, applied to a terminal, comprising:

[0262] The terminal sends one or more of the following information to the first network function and / or the second function:

[0263] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification, and terminal-related information.

[0264] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[0265] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[0266] Class A passive IoT devices;

[0267] Class B passive IoT devices;

[0268] Class C passive IoT devices.

[0269] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[0270] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[0271] General manager number;

[0272] Item category;

[0273] PLMN ID;

[0274] Group ID;

[0275] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0276] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0277] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0278] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0279] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0280] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0281] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0282] Data information related to the terminal;

[0283] Sensor data information;

[0284] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[0285] Optionally, the terminal sends one or more of the following to the first network function through a non-access layer NAS: the passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and information related to the terminal; or

[0286] The terminal sends one or more of the following to the second function through the access layer AS: the passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the terminal-related information.

[0287] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0288] The terminal receives first mobility management related information sent by the first network function.

[0289] Optionally, the first mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0290] Registration area;

[0291] Tracking area;

[0292] cell identification;

[0293] mobility restrictions;

[0294] Permitted and / or prohibited areas.

[0295] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0296] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[0297] The second function includes at least one of the following: RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[0298] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration device, applied to a first network function, including:

[0299] The first receiving module is configured to receive one or more of the following information sent by the terminal or the second function:

[0300] Passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, group identifier, and terminal-related information.

[0301] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[0302] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[0303] Class A passive IoT devices;

[0304] Class B passive IoT devices;

[0305] Class C passive IoT devices.

[0306] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[0307] All or part of the EPC fields;

[0308] General manager number;

[0309] Item category;

[0310] PLMN ID;

[0311] Group ID;

[0312] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0313] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0314] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0315] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0316] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0317] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0318] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0319] Data information related to the terminal;

[0320] Sensor data information;

[0321] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[0322] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information serves as all or part of the capability information of the terminal.

[0323] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0324] A first sending module is configured to send first mobility management related information to the terminal and / or the second function according to one or more of the following information:

[0325] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the subscription information. Optionally, the first mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0326] Registration area;

[0327] Tracking area;

[0328] cell identification;

[0329] mobility restrictions;

[0330] Permitted and / or prohibited areas.

[0331] Optionally, the contract information includes one or more of the following:

[0332] All or part of the terminal's identification;

[0333] the group identifier;

[0334] The passive Internet of Things indication information;

[0335] Public land mobile network identification PLMN ID;

[0336] second mobility management related information;

[0337] Session management related information;

[0338] Transmit relevant information;

[0339] Positioning or ranging related information;

[0340] Positioning format;

[0341] Positioning or ranging accuracy;

[0342] Billing method;

[0343] Validity period of the terminal identification;

[0344] The number of times the terminal identification is valid;

[0345] Validity period of the contract information;

[0346] The number of times the contract information is valid;

[0347] Information related to air interface resources;

[0348] Go to register relevant information;

[0349] To access relevant information;

[0350] Network openness related information.

[0351] Optionally, the second mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0352] Mobility management is allowed or not allowed, supported or not supported, required or not required; and / or,

[0353] The session management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0354] Allowing or not allowing session establishment, supporting or not supporting session establishment, requiring or not requiring session establishment; and / or,

[0355] The transmission related information includes one or more of the following:

[0356] Allowing or not allowing control plane transmission, supporting or not supporting control plane transmission, requiring or not requiring control plane transmission, allowing or not allowing user plane transmission, supporting or not supporting user plane transmission, requiring or not requiring user plane transmission; and / or,

[0357] The positioning or ranging related information includes one or more of the following:

[0358] Allowing or not allowing positioning, supporting or not supporting positioning, requiring or not requiring positioning, allowing or not allowing ranging, supporting or not supporting ranging, requiring or not requiring ranging, the format of positioning or ranging, the accuracy of positioning or ranging; and / or,

[0359] The air interface resource related information includes one or more of the following:

[0360] whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources after registration, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources after registration; and / or,

[0361] The deregistration related information includes one or more of the following:

[0362] to register or not to register, to register after registering or not to register, to retain the registration status after registering or not to retain the registration status, to refuse to register or not to refuse to register or to accept the registration; and / or,

[0363] The access-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0364] Go to access or not to access, go to access after access or not to access, retain access status after access or not to retain access status, refuse access or not refuse access or accept access.

[0365] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0366] The second receiving module is used to receive the signing information from a third network function.

[0367] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0368] The third receiving module is configured to receive one or more of the following information sent by the terminal via the non-access stratum (NAS):

[0369] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and information related to the terminal;

[0370] or,

[0371] Receive one or more of the following information sent by the second function, wherein the information is sent by the terminal to the second function through the access layer AS:

[0372] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the terminal-related information.

[0373] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0374] The second sending module is configured to send one or more of the following information to the third network function:

[0375] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0376] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0377] The first determining module is configured to determine an address or identifier of a third network function according to one or more of the following information:

[0378] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, and the group identifier.

[0379] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0380] The second determining module is configured to determine an address or identifier of a third network function according to the local configuration information; and / or obtain the address or identifier of the third network function from a fourth network function.

[0381] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0382] The third sending module is configured to send one or more of the following information to the fourth network function:

[0383] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0384] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0385] The fourth sending module is configured to send the terminal-related information to the fourth network function and / or the fifth network function; and / or to send the terminal-related information to the fifth network function through the sixth network function.

[0386] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0387] a fifth sending module, configured to send the terminal-related information to the fifth network function according to one or more of the following information:

[0388] The request for the fifth network function, local configuration, and contract information.

[0389] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0390] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or,

[0391] The second function includes at least one of the following: RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal; and / or,

[0392] The third network function includes at least one of the following: UDM, TMF, UDR, PCF, NEF, NRF; and / or,

[0393] The fourth network function includes at least one of the following: NRF, TMF, UDM, UDR; and / or,

[0394] The fifth network function includes at least one of the following: AF, NEF, PCF, UDM, UDR; and / or,

[0395] The sixth network function includes at least one of the following: NEF, PCF, SMF, TMF, UDM, and UDR.

[0396] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration device, applied to the second function, including:

[0397] The first sending module is configured to send first information to the terminal to trigger registration of the terminal.

[0398] Optionally, the first sending module is further used to send the first information to the terminal according to second information or local configuration information received from the first network function.

[0399] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0400] The first receiving module is configured to receive one or more of the following information from the terminal:

[0401] Passive Internet of Things indication information, terminal identification, group identification, and information related to the terminal.

[0402] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0403] Data information related to the terminal;

[0404] Sensor data information;

[0405] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[0406] Optionally, the second information and / or the identifier of the terminal includes one or more of the following:

[0407] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[0408] General manager number;

[0409] Item category;

[0410] PLMN ID;

[0411] Group ID;

[0412] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0413] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0414] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0415] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0416] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0417] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0418] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[0419] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[0420] Class A passive IoT devices;

[0421] Class B passive IoT devices;

[0422] Class C passive IoT devices.

[0423] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0424] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or,

[0425] The second function includes at least one of the following: radio access network RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[0426] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration device, applied to the second function, including:

[0427] A first receiving module, configured to receive a registration request sent by a terminal;

[0428] The first sending module is configured to send the registration request to the first network function.

[0429] Optionally, the registration request includes one or more of the following:

[0430] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, and group identification.

[0431] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[0432] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[0433] Class A passive IoT devices;

[0434] Class B passive IoT devices;

[0435] Class C passive IoT devices.

[0436] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[0437] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[0438] General manager number;

[0439] Item category;

[0440] PLMN ID;

[0441] Group ID;

[0442] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0443] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0444] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0445] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0446] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0447] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0448] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0449] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or,

[0450] The second function includes at least one of the following: radio access network RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[0451] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration device, applied to the second function, including:

[0452] The first processing module is configured to select a first network function according to one or more of the following information:

[0453] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification.

[0454] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0455] The first receiving module is configured to receive at least one of the following from a terminal:

[0456] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0457] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[0458] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[0459] Class A passive IoT devices;

[0460] Class B passive IoT devices;

[0461] Class C passive IoT devices.

[0462] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[0463] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[0464] General manager number;

[0465] Item category;

[0466] PLMN ID;

[0467] Group ID;

[0468] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0469] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0470] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0471] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0472] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0473] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0474] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0475] A first sending module is configured to send at least one of the following to the first network function:

[0476] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0477] Optionally, the first sending module is configured to send at least one of the following to the first network function through a Next Generation Application Protocol (NGAP):

[0478] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0479] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0480] The second receiving module is configured to receive a registration request sent by the terminal, wherein the registration request includes at least one of the following:

[0481] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0482] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0483] The second sending module is configured to send the registration request to the first network function.

[0484] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0485] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or,

[0486] The second function includes at least one of the following: radio access network RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[0487] In an eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration device, applied to a third network function, including:

[0488] The first receiving module is configured to receive one or more of the following information from the first network function:

[0489] The terminal's identification;

[0490] Terminal-related information;

[0491] Registration request information;

[0492] Instructions to obtain contract information;

[0493] Indicates subscription contract information.

[0494] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[0495] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[0496] General manager number;

[0497] Item category;

[0498] PLMN ID;

[0499] Group ID;

[0500] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0501] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0502] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0503] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0504] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0505] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0506] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0507] Data information related to the terminal;

[0508] Sensor data information;

[0509] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[0510] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0511] The first sending module is configured to send the contract information of the terminal to the first network function. Optionally, the contract information includes one or more of the following:

[0512] All or part of the terminal's identification;

[0513] the group identifier;

[0514] The passive Internet of Things indication information;

[0515] Public land mobile network identification PLMN ID;

[0516] second mobility management related information;

[0517] Session management related information;

[0518] Transmit relevant information;

[0519] Positioning or ranging related information;

[0520] Positioning format;

[0521] Positioning or ranging accuracy;

[0522] Billing method;

[0523] Validity period of the terminal identification;

[0524] The number of times the terminal identification is valid;

[0525] Validity period of the contract information;

[0526] The number of times the contract information is valid;

[0527] Information related to air interface resources;

[0528] Go to register relevant information;

[0529] To access relevant information;

[0530] Network openness related information.

[0531] Optionally, the second mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0532] Mobility management is allowed or not allowed, supported or not supported, required or not required; and / or,

[0533] The session management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0534] Allowing or not allowing session establishment, supporting or not supporting session establishment, requiring or not requiring session establishment; and / or,

[0535] The transmission related information includes one or more of the following:

[0536] Allowing or not allowing control plane transmission, supporting or not supporting control plane transmission, requiring or not requiring control plane transmission, allowing or not allowing user plane transmission, supporting or not supporting user plane transmission, requiring or not requiring user plane transmission; and / or,

[0537] The positioning or ranging related information includes one or more of the following:

[0538] Allowing or not allowing positioning, supporting or not supporting positioning, requiring or not requiring positioning, allowing or not allowing ranging, supporting or not supporting ranging, requiring or not requiring ranging, the format of positioning or ranging, the accuracy of positioning or ranging; and / or,

[0539] The air interface resource related information includes one or more of the following:

[0540] Whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources after registration, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources after registration; and / or

[0541] The deregistration related information includes one or more of the following:

[0542] to register or not to register, to register after registering or not to register, to retain the registration status after registering or not to retain the registration status, to refuse to register or not to refuse to register or to accept the registration; and / or,

[0543] The access-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0544] Go to access or not to access, go to access after access or not to access, retain access status after access or not to retain access status, refuse access or not refuse access or accept access.

[0545] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0546] The second sending module is configured to send the terminal-related information to the fifth network function.

[0547] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0548] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or,

[0549] The third network function includes at least one of the following: UDM, TMF, UDR, policy control function PCF, network open function NEF, network storage function NRF; and / or,

[0550] The fifth network function includes at least one of the following: application function AF, network exposure function NEF, PCF, UDM, and UDR.

[0551] In a twelfth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration device, applied to a terminal, comprising:

[0552] The first sending module is configured to send one or more of the following information to the first network function and / or the second function:

[0553] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification, and terminal-related information.

[0554] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[0555] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[0556] Class A passive IoT devices;

[0557] Class B passive IoT devices;

[0558] Class C passive IoT devices.

[0559] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[0560] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[0561] General manager number;

[0562] Item category;

[0563] PLMN ID;

[0564] Group ID;

[0565] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0566] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0567] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0568] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0569] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0570] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0571] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0572] Data information related to the terminal;

[0573] Sensor data information;

[0574] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[0575] Optionally, the first sending module is also used to send one or more of the following to the first network function through the non-access layer NAS: the passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the terminal-related information; or, to send one or more of the following to the second function through the access layer AS: the passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the terminal-related information.

[0576] Optionally, the device may further include:

[0577] The first receiving module is configured to receive first mobility management related information sent by the first network function.

[0578] Optionally, the first mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0579] Registration area;

[0580] Tracking area;

[0581] cell identification;

[0582] mobility restrictions;

[0583] Permitted and / or prohibited areas.

[0584] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0585] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or,

[0586] The second function includes at least one of the following: radio access network RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[0587] In a thirteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration device, applied to a first network function, comprising: a processor and a transceiver;

[0588] The processor is configured to receive one or more of the following information sent by the terminal or the second function:

[0589] Passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, group identifier, and terminal-related information.

[0590] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[0591] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[0592] Class A passive IoT devices;

[0593] Class B passive IoT devices;

[0594] Class C passive IoT devices.

[0595] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[0596] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[0597] General manager number;

[0598] Item category;

[0599] PLMN ID;

[0600] Group ID;

[0601] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0602] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0603] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0604] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0605] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0606] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0607] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0608] Data information related to the terminal;

[0609] Sensor data information;

[0610] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[0611] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information serves as all or part of the capability information of the terminal.

[0612] Optionally, the processor is further configured to:

[0613] The first network function sends first mobility management related information to the terminal and / or the second function according to one or more of the following information:

[0614] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the contract information.

[0615] Optionally, the first mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0616] Registration area;

[0617] Tracking area;

[0618] cell identification;

[0619] mobility restrictions;

[0620] Permitted and / or prohibited areas.

[0621] Optionally, the contract information includes one or more of the following:

[0622] All or part of the terminal's identification;

[0623] the group identifier;

[0624] The passive Internet of Things indication information;

[0625] Public land mobile network identification PLMN ID;

[0626] second mobility management related information;

[0627] Session management related information;

[0628] Transmit relevant information;

[0629] Positioning or ranging related information;

[0630] Positioning format;

[0631] Positioning or ranging accuracy;

[0632] Billing method;

[0633] Validity period of the terminal identification;

[0634] The number of times the terminal identification is valid;

[0635] Validity period of the contract information;

[0636] The number of times the contract information is valid;

[0637] Information related to air interface resources;

[0638] Go to register relevant information;

[0639] To access relevant information;

[0640] Network openness related information.

[0641] Optionally, the second mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0642] Mobility management is allowed or not allowed, supported or not supported, required or not required; and / or,

[0643] The session management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0644] Allowing or not allowing session establishment, supporting or not supporting session establishment, requiring or not requiring session establishment; and / or,

[0645] The transmission related information includes one or more of the following:

[0646] Allowing or not allowing control plane transmission, supporting or not supporting control plane transmission, requiring or not requiring control plane transmission, allowing or not allowing user plane transmission, supporting or not supporting user plane transmission, requiring or not requiring user plane transmission; and / or,

[0647] The positioning or ranging related information includes one or more of the following:

[0648] Allowing or not allowing positioning, supporting or not supporting positioning, requiring or not requiring positioning, allowing or not allowing ranging, supporting or not supporting ranging, requiring or not requiring ranging, the format of positioning or ranging, the accuracy of positioning or ranging; and / or,

[0649] The air interface resource related information includes one or more of the following:

[0650] whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources after registration, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources after registration; and / or,

[0651] The deregistration related information includes one or more of the following:

[0652] to register or not to register, to register after registering or not to register, to retain the registration status after registering or not to retain the registration status, to refuse to register or not to refuse to register or to accept the registration; and / or,

[0653] The access-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0654] Go to access or not to access, go to access after access or not to access, retain access status after access or not to retain access status, refuse access or not refuse access or accept access.

[0655] Optionally, the processor is further configured to:

[0656] The subscription information is received from a third network function.

[0657] Optionally, the processor is further configured to:

[0658] Receive one or more of the following information sent by the terminal via the non-access stratum (NAS):

[0659] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and information related to the terminal;

[0660] or,

[0661] Receive one or more of the following information sent by the second function, wherein the information is sent by the terminal to the second function through the access layer AS:

[0662] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the terminal-related information.

[0663] Optionally, the processor is further configured to:

[0664] Send one or more of the following information to the third network function:

[0665] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0666] Optionally, the processor is further configured to:

[0667] Determine the address or identity of the third network function based on one or more of the following information:

[0668] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, and the group identifier.

[0669] Optionally, the processor is further configured to:

[0670] Determine the address or identifier of the third network function according to the local configuration information; and / or obtain the address or identifier of the third network function from the fourth network function.

[0671] Optionally, the processor is further configured to:

[0672] Send one or more of the following information to the fourth network function:

[0673] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0674] Optionally, the processor is further configured to:

[0675] Sending the terminal-related information to the fourth network function and / or the fifth network function; and / or,

[0676] The terminal-related information is sent to the fifth network function through the sixth network function.

[0677] Optionally, the processor is further configured to:

[0678] Sending the terminal-related information to the fifth network function according to one or more of the following information:

[0679] The request for the fifth network function, local configuration, and contract information.

[0680] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0681] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or,

[0682] The second function includes at least one of the following: a radio access network RAN, an AMF, an UDM, a TMF, a terminal; and / or,

[0683] The third network function includes at least one of the following: UDM, TMF, UDR, policy control function PCF, network open function NEF, network storage function NRF; and / or,

[0684] The fourth network function includes at least one of the following: network storage function NRF, TMF, UDM, UDR; and / or,

[0685] The fifth network function includes at least one of the following: application function AF, network open function NEF, PCF, UDM, UDR; and / or,

[0686] The sixth network function includes at least one of the following: NEF, PCF, session management function SMF, TMF, UDM, UDR.

[0687] In a fourteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration device, applied to a second function, comprising: a processor and a transceiver;

[0688] The processor is configured to send first information to the terminal to trigger registration of the terminal.

[0689] Optionally, the processor is further configured to: send the first information to the terminal according to second information received from the first network function or local configuration information.

[0690] Optionally, the processor is further configured to: receive one or more of the following information from the terminal:

[0691] Passive Internet of Things indication information, terminal identification, group identification, and information related to the terminal.

[0692] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0693] Data information related to the terminal;

[0694] Sensor data information;

[0695] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[0696] Optionally, the second information and / or the identifier of the terminal includes one or more of the following:

[0697] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[0698] General manager number;

[0699] Item category;

[0700] PLMN ID;

[0701] Group ID;

[0702] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0703] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0704] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0705] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0706] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0707] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0708] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[0709] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[0710] Class A passive IoT devices;

[0711] Class B passive IoT devices;

[0712] Class C passive IoT devices.

[0713] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0714] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or,

[0715] The second function includes at least one of the following: radio access network RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[0716] In a fifteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration device, applied to a second function, comprising: a processor and a transceiver;

[0717] The processor is configured to receive a registration request sent by a terminal; and send the registration request to a first network function.

[0718] Optionally, the registration request includes one or more of the following:

[0719] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, and group identification.

[0720] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[0721] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[0722] Class A passive IoT devices;

[0723] Class B passive IoT devices;

[0724] Class C passive IoT devices.

[0725] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[0726] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[0727] General manager number;

[0728] Item category;

[0729] PLMN ID;

[0730] Group ID;

[0731] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0732] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0733] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0734] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0735] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0736] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0737] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0738] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or,

[0739] The second function includes at least one of the following: radio access network RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[0740] In a sixteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration device, applied to a second function, comprising: a processor and a transceiver;

[0741] The processor is configured to select the first network function according to one or more of the following information:

[0742] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification.

[0743] Optionally, the processor is further configured to: receive at least one of the following from the terminal:

[0744] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0745] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[0746] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[0747] Class A passive IoT devices;

[0748] Class B passive IoT devices;

[0749] Class C passive IoT devices.

[0750] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[0751] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[0752] General manager number;

[0753] Item category;

[0754] PLMN ID;

[0755] Group ID;

[0756] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0757] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0758] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0759] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0760] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0761] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0762] Optionally, the processor is further configured to send at least one of the following to the first network function:

[0763] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0764] Optionally, the processor is further configured to send at least one of the following to the first network function through the Next Generation Application Protocol (NGAP):

[0765] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0766] Optionally, the processor is further configured to: receive a registration request sent by the terminal, where the registration request includes at least one of the following:

[0767] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0768] Optionally, the processor is further configured to: send the registration request to the first network function.

[0769] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0770] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or,

[0771] The second function includes at least one of the following: radio access network RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[0772] In a seventeenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration device, applied to a third network function, including: a processor and a transceiver;

[0773] The processor is configured to receive one or more of the following information from the first network function:

[0774] The terminal's identification;

[0775] Terminal-related information;

[0776] Registration request information;

[0777] Instructions to obtain contract information;

[0778] Indicates subscription contract information.

[0779] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[0780] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[0781] General manager number;

[0782] Item category;

[0783] PLMN ID;

[0784] Group ID;

[0785] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0786] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0787] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0788] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0789] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0790] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0791] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0792] Data information related to the terminal;

[0793] Sensor data information;

[0794] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[0795] Optionally, the processor is further used to send the subscription information of the terminal to the first network function.

[0796] Optionally, the contract information includes one or more of the following:

[0797] All or part of the terminal's identification;

[0798] the group identifier;

[0799] The passive Internet of Things indication information;

[0800] Public land mobile network identification PLMN ID;

[0801] second mobility management related information;

[0802] Session management related information;

[0803] Transmit relevant information;

[0804] Positioning or ranging related information;

[0805] Positioning format;

[0806] Positioning or ranging accuracy;

[0807] Billing method;

[0808] Validity period of the terminal identification;

[0809] The number of times the terminal identification is valid;

[0810] Validity period of the contract information;

[0811] The number of times the contract information is valid;

[0812] Information related to air interface resources;

[0813] Go to register relevant information;

[0814] To access relevant information;

[0815] Network openness related information.

[0816] Optionally, the second mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0817] Mobility management is allowed or not allowed, supported or not supported, required or not required; and / or,

[0818] The session management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0819] Allowing or not allowing session establishment, supporting or not supporting session establishment, requiring or not requiring session establishment; and / or,

[0820] The transmission related information includes one or more of the following:

[0821] Allowing or not allowing control plane transmission, supporting or not supporting control plane transmission, requiring or not requiring control plane transmission, allowing or not allowing user plane transmission, supporting or not supporting user plane transmission, requiring or not requiring user plane transmission; and / or,

[0822] The positioning or ranging related information includes one or more of the following:

[0823] Allowing or not allowing positioning, supporting or not supporting positioning, requiring or not requiring positioning, allowing or not allowing ranging, supporting or not supporting ranging, requiring or not requiring ranging, the format of positioning or ranging, the accuracy of positioning or ranging; and / or,

[0824] The air interface resource related information includes one or more of the following:

[0825] Whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources after registration, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources after registration; and / or

[0826] The deregistration related information includes one or more of the following:

[0827] to register or not to register, to register after registering or not to register, to retain the registration status after registering or not to retain the registration status, to refuse to register or not to refuse to register or to accept the registration; and / or,

[0828] The access-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0829] Go to access or not to access, go to access after access or not to access, retain access status after access or not to retain access status, refuse access or not refuse access or accept access.

[0830] Optionally, the processor is further configured to send information related to the terminal to a fifth network function.

[0831] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0832] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or,

[0833] The third network function includes at least one of the following: UDM, TMF, UDR, policy control function PCF, network open function NEF, network storage function NRF; and / or,

[0834] The fifth network function includes at least one of the following: application function AF, network exposure function NEF, PCF, UDM, and UDR.

[0835] In an eighteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a registration device, applied to a terminal, comprising: a processor and a transceiver;

[0836] The processor is configured to send one or more of the following information to the first network function and / or the second function:

[0837] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification, and terminal-related information.

[0838] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[0839] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[0840] Class A passive IoT devices;

[0841] Class B passive IoT devices;

[0842] Class C passive IoT devices.

[0843] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[0844] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[0845] General manager number;

[0846] Item category;

[0847] PLMN ID;

[0848] Group ID;

[0849] Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI;

[0850] Subscribe to hide logo SUCI;

[0851] General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI;

[0852] Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI;

[0853] Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI;

[0854] Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

[0855] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0856] Data information related to the terminal;

[0857] Sensor data information;

[0858] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[0859] Optionally, the processor is further configured to send one or more of the following to the first network function through a non-access layer NAS: the passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the terminal-related information; or

[0860] The processor is further configured to send one or more of the following to the second function through the access layer AS: the passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and information related to the terminal.

[0861] Optionally, the processor is further configured to receive first mobility management related information sent by the first network function.

[0862] Optionally, the first mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0863] Registration area;

[0864] Tracking area;

[0865] cell identification;

[0866] mobility restrictions;

[0867] Permitted and / or prohibited areas.

[0868] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[0869] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or,

[0870] The second function includes at least one of the following: radio access network RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[0871] In the nineteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, including: a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps in the registration method described above when executing the program.

[0872] In the twentieth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, on which a program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the steps in the registration method described above are implemented.

[0873] In a twenty-first aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, comprising computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps in the registration method described above.

[0874] In an embodiment of the present application, registration of a passive IoT device may be performed based on information sent by the terminal or the second function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0875] Figure 1This is a diagram of the connection mode of Ambient IoT devices;

[0876] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the connection mode of Ambient IoT devices;

[0877] Figure 3(a) and Figure 3(b) are schematic diagrams of the connection modes of Ambient IoT devices;

[0878] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the connection mode of Ambient IoT devices;

[0879] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the 5G non-roaming network architecture;

[0880] Figure 6 It is a simplified diagram of the network architecture;

[0881] Figure 7 This is one of the flow charts of the registration method provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0882] Figure 8 This is the second flowchart of the registration method provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0883] Figure 9 This is the third flowchart of the registration method provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0884] Figure 10 This is the fourth flowchart of the registration method provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0885] Figure 11 This is the fifth flowchart of the registration method provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0886] Figure 12 This is the sixth flowchart of the registration method provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0887] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the control plane protocol stack;

[0888] Figure 14 This is the seventh flowchart of the registration method provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0889] Figure 15 This is a diagram of the field descriptions for GID-96;

[0890] Figure 16 This is the eighth flowchart of the registration method provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0891] Figure 17 This is the ninth flowchart of the registration method provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0892] Figure 18This is one of the structural diagrams of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0893] Figure 19 This is the second structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0894] Figure 20 This is the third structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0895] Figure 21 This is the fourth structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0896] Figure 22 This is the fifth structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0897] Figure 23 This is the sixth structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0898] Figure 24 This is the seventh structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0899] Figure 25 This is the eighth structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0900] Figure 26 This is the ninth structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0901] Figure 27 This is the tenth structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0902] Figure 28 This is the eleventh structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0903] Figure 29 This is the twelfth structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0904] In the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" describes the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0905] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more than two, and other quantifiers are similar.

[0906] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0907] First, some concepts are introduced.

[0908] 1. Passive Internet of Things

[0909] The Internet of Things (IoT), driven by the principle that everything can be connected to the internet and ultimately achieving the interconnection of everything, has enabled billions of devices to connect and interoperate. However, with the booming market, issues such as device power supply and battery life are becoming new challenges for IoT development. Achieving low-power, low-cost, and long-life networks has become a key challenge for the next phase of IoT development.

[0910] In this context, low-power IoT has formed a series of mature low-power IoT technologies represented by Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Long Range Radio (LoRa), Narrow Band IoT (NB-IoT), and Reduced Capability (RedCap).

[0911] While the aforementioned low-power IoT technologies aim to achieve low power consumption and massive connectivity for IoT terminals, with the continuous evolution of technology and the increasing application of 5G in various industries, the variety of connected objects will expand, placing higher demands on the price and power consumption of communication terminals. Against this backdrop, passive IoT has become a hot topic. Passive IoT utilizes ambient energy harvesting to convert available signals and energy into electrical energy to drive its own circuits, using a scattering-based communication model to transmit information to target nodes. Its most notable feature is its independence from traditional battery power, effectively addressing bottlenecks in the development of low-power IoT. It is a key technology for the next generation of IoT, with widespread applications in smart warehousing, logistics, asset management, and other fields.

[0912] 2. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

[0913] RFID systems consist of tags, readers, and a control platform. The readers utilize the principles of inductive coupling or backscatter coupling to send electromagnetic wave signals to the tags, which then convert the electromagnetic wave signals into energy, activating the tag chip and providing feedback, enabling the identification of the target object. Currently, mainstream RFID systems internationally support multiple frequency bands. Ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID systems (850MHz to 910MFz) are based on electromagnetic wave backscatter technology, with a theoretical transmission distance of 1-10 meters. They are widely used in a wide range of industries, including logistics, manufacturing, and aviation.

[0914] The passive Internet of Things project currently being researched by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP, an internationally renowned communications standards organization) is named Ambient IoT.

[0915] SA1: The latest version of the standard defines several Ambient IoT application scenarios, which generally cover both indoor and outdoor areas. Indoor scenarios (or local-area scenarios) include inventory management, electronic price tags, and small item retrieval. Outdoor scenarios (or wide-area scenarios) include logistics and transportation, public facility monitoring, and smart ranching.

[0916] RAN: The standard defines three types of Ambient IoT devices and four connection modes. The definitions of the three devices are shown in Table 1, and the four connection modes are shown in Table 2. Figures 1 to 4 :

[0917] Table 1: Three types of ambient IoT devices

[0918]

[0919] The current 5G non-roaming network architecture is as follows Figure 5 As shown in the figure. Since Ambient IoT devices are simple and require relatively simple services, but the number of services is often large, and many scenarios may actually be deployed within the park, there is an idea to simplify the network architecture, such as Figure 6 The figure shows a simplified diagram of the network architecture.

[0920] exist Figure 6In the architecture, AMF and NFx are necessary core network elements, NRF is an optional core network element (for example, it may be involved in some scenarios of Ambient IoT devices or certain processes), and AF is a non-core network element. In this architecture, an unnamed network element NFx is included. The NFx may have one or more of the following functions: contract information management of Ambient IoT devices, registration management of Ambient IoT devices, subscription information management of Ambient IoT devices, etc. NFx may be an independently deployed network function, or it may be co-located with other network functions (such as AMF, UDM, etc.). In the embodiment of the present application, NFx is responsible for contract information management, that is, replacing the function of UDM, for example, but it does not mean that NFx will exist in the actual deployment, or that NFx will replace the function of UDM. For example, the function of NFx is achieved by enhancing AMF and / or UDM. If a new network function is to be defined, NFx may be called a tag management function (TMF) or other names.

[0921] It should be noted that this architecture only includes the network functions used in the embodiments of this application. In fact, the network architecture that supports Ambient IoT devices may include other mandatory and / or optional network functions (or may not include them). It should also be noted that with the development of communication standards and the evolution of network architecture, the names and functions of the network elements in the figure may change. For example, some architectural designs hope to use a dedicated new network element to replace (or partially replace) AMF to perform registration management of passive tags, or NFx can also integrate the functions of CHF, etc.

[0922] The registration process in existing standards is for active devices. For passive devices, larger-scale UE access and more simplified tagging capabilities require a simpler and more efficient registration method.

[0923] To this end, an embodiment of the present application proposes a registration method.

[0924] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the registration method provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is applied to the first network function, such as Figure 7 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0925] Step 701: A first network function receives one or more of the following information sent by a terminal or a second function:

[0926] Passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, group identifier (group ID), and terminal-related information.

[0927] The passive IoT may also be referred to as an ambient IoT. The passive IoT indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive IoT device and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal. The device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following: Class A passive IoT device; Class B passive IoT device; or Class C passive IoT device. For definitions of the above three device types, please refer to Table 1.

[0928] Passive IoT devices may also be referred to as Ambient IoT devices. The terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag. Therefore, in this application, the terms "passive IoT device," "tag," "UE," and "terminal" may be used interchangeably. A UE is not necessarily a tag or an Ambient IoT device; it may be any function or entity that can provide an Ambient IoT identifier, such as an entity that collects and stores tag identifiers and / or other information, and is not necessarily a 3GPP network function.

[0929] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the passive Internet of Things indication information serves as all or part of the capability information of the terminal. The capability information of the terminal may be UE 5G core network capability (UE 5GMM CoreNetwork Capability).

[0930] The terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[0931] All or part of the EPC fields;

[0932] General manager number (also known as enterprise number, general manager number);

[0933] object class;

[0934] PLMN ID;

[0935] Group ID;

[0936] SUPI;

[0937] SUCI;

[0938] GPSI;

[0939] GUTI;

[0940] TMSI;

[0941] PEI.

[0942] It should be noted that the terminal identification includes one or more of the following: the terminal identification may refer to all or part of one of the above items, or any combination of all or parts of the above items, or may refer to all or part of one of the above items, or any combination of all or parts of the above items as all or part of the terminal identification. For example, the terminal identification includes multiple fields, one or more of which are part of the EPC.

[0943] The terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0944] The terminal-related data information, such as the terminal's own location, temperature, power level, etc.;

[0945] Sensor data information, such as temperature and other sensor information collected by the passive IoT device’s own sensors or associated sensors;

[0946] The information sensed, detected, detected, or measured by the terminal may include positioning / ranging information collected by the passive IoT device itself, or positioning / ranging information obtained from other functions or entities associated with the passive IoT device.

[0947] Optionally, in this embodiment of the present application, the first network function may further send the first mobility management related information to the terminal and / or the second function according to one or more of the following information:

[0948] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the contract information.

[0949] The first mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0950] Registration area;

[0951] Tracking area;

[0952] cell identification;

[0953] mobility restrictions;

[0954] Permitted and / or prohibited areas.

[0955] The contract information includes one or more of the following:

[0956] All or part of the terminal's identification;

[0957] the group identifier;

[0958] The passive Internet of Things indication information;

[0959] PLMN ID;

[0960] second mobility management related information;

[0961] Session management related information;

[0962] Transmit relevant information;

[0963] Positioning or ranging related information;

[0964] Positioning format;

[0965] Positioning or ranging accuracy;

[0966] Billing method;

[0967] Validity period of the terminal identification;

[0968] The number of times the terminal identification is valid;

[0969] Validity period of the contract information;

[0970] The number of times the contract information is valid;

[0971] Information related to air interface resources;

[0972] Go to register relevant information;

[0973] To access relevant information;

[0974] Network openness related information.

[0975] The second mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0976] Mobility management is allowed or not allowed, supported or not supported, required or not required; and / or,

[0977] The session management related information includes one or more of the following:

[0978] Allowing or not allowing session establishment, supporting or not supporting session establishment, requiring or not requiring session establishment; and / or,

[0979] The transmission related information includes one or more of the following:

[0980] Allowing or not allowing control plane transmission, supporting or not supporting control plane transmission, requiring or not requiring control plane transmission, allowing or not allowing user plane transmission, supporting or not supporting user plane transmission, requiring or not requiring user plane transmission; and / or,

[0981] The positioning or ranging related information includes one or more of the following:

[0982] Allowing or not allowing positioning, supporting or not supporting positioning, requiring or not requiring positioning, allowing or not allowing ranging, supporting or not supporting ranging, requiring or not requiring ranging, the format of positioning or ranging, the accuracy of positioning or ranging; and / or,

[0983] The air interface resource related information includes one or more of the following:

[0984] whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources after registration, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources after registration; and / or,

[0985] The deregistration related information includes one or more of the following:

[0986] to register or not to register, to register after registering or not to register, to retain the registration status after registering or not to retain the registration status, to refuse to register or not to refuse to register or to accept the registration; and / or,

[0987] The access-related information includes one or more of the following:

[0988] Go to access or not to access, go to access after access or not to access, retain access status after access or not to retain access status, refuse access or not refuse access or accept access.

[0989] Optionally, the subscription information may be received by the first network function from a third network function.

[0990] Optionally, the embodiment of the present application may further include: the first network function receiving one or more of the following information sent by the terminal through NAS, or the first network function receiving one or more of the following information sent by the second function, wherein the information is sent by the terminal to the second function through the access layer AS:

[0991] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the terminal-related information.

[0992] Optionally, the embodiment of the present application may further include: the first network function sending one or more of the following information to the third network function:

[0993] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[0994] Optionally, the embodiment of the present application may further include:

[0995] The first network function determines the address or identifier of the third network function based on one or more of the following information:

[0996] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, and the group identifier.

[0997] Optionally, the embodiment of the present application may further include:

[0998] The first network function determines the address or identifier of the third network function according to the local configuration information; and / or

[0999] The first network function obtains the address or identifier of the third network function from the fourth network function.

[1000] In this case, the first network function may further send one or more of the following information to the fourth network function:

[1001] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[1002] Optionally, the embodiment of the present application may further include:

[1003] The first network function sends the terminal-related information to the fourth network function and / or the fifth network function; and / or,

[1004] The first network function sends the terminal-related information to the fifth network function through the sixth network function.

[1005] Optionally, the embodiment of the present application may further include:

[1006] The first network function sends the terminal-related information to the fifth network function according to one or more of the following information:

[1007] The request for the fifth network function, local configuration, and contract information.

[1008] Optionally, in the embodiments of the present application:

[1009] The first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[1010] The second function includes at least one of the following: RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal; and / or,

[1011] The third network function includes at least one of the following: UDM, TMF, UDR, PCF, NEF, NRF; and / or,

[1012] The fourth network function includes at least one of the following: NRF, TMF, UDM, UDR; and / or,

[1013] The fifth network function includes at least one of the following: AF, NEF, PCF, UDM, UDR; and / or,

[1014] The sixth network function includes at least one of the following: NEF, PCF, SMF, TMF, UDM, and UDR.

[1015] It should be noted that the above-mentioned functions or network functions include at least one of the listed items, which may refer to the function or network function being one or more of the listed items, for example, the first network function is AMF, or the first network function is a network function jointly established by AMF and TMF; it may refer to the function or network function having one or more of the listed functions, for example, the third network function has the UDM's contract information storage function (but does not have a complete terminal registration function), and has the PCC policy sending function of PCF (but does not have a terminal policy sending function).

[1016] In an embodiment of the present application, registration of a passive IoT device may be performed based on information sent by the terminal or the second function.

[1017] See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the registration method provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is applied to the second function. The specific implementation of the second function can refer to the description of the aforementioned method embodiment. Figure 8 As shown, the following steps are included:

[1018] Step 801: The second function sends first information to the terminal to trigger the terminal to register.

[1019] Optionally, in this step, the second function sends the first information to the terminal according to the second information or local configuration information received from the first network function.

[1020] Optionally, the second function may further receive one or more of the following information from the terminal:

[1021] Passive Internet of Things indication information, terminal identification, group identification, and information related to the terminal.

[1022] The terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[1023] Data information related to the terminal;

[1024] Sensor data information;

[1025] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[1026] The second information and / or the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[1027] All or part of the EPC fields;

[1028] General Manager Number;

[1029] Item category;

[1030] PLMN ID;

[1031] Group ID;

[1032] SUPI;

[1033] SUCI;

[1034] GPSI;

[1035] GUTI;

[1036] TMSI;

[1037] PEI.

[1038] Optionally, the passive IoT indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive IoT device and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal. The device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following: Class A passive IoT device; Class B passive IoT device; or Class C passive IoT device. For definitions of the above three device types, see Table 1.

[1039] Passive IoT devices may also be referred to as Ambient IoT devices. The terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, the terms "passive IoT device," "tag," "UE," and terminal may be used interchangeably. A UE is not necessarily a tag or an Ambient IoT device, but may be any function or entity that can provide an Ambient IoT identifier, such as an entity that collects and stores tag identifiers and / or other information, and is not necessarily a 3GPP network function.

[1040] The first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, and RAN. It should be noted that if the second function is implemented in the form of a terminal in this embodiment, then the "terminal" in step 801 may be a terminal different from the second function.

[1041] In an embodiment of the present application, registration of a passive IoT device may be performed based on information sent by the terminal or the second function.

[1042] See also Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a flowchart of the registration method provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is applied to the second function. The specific implementation of the second function can refer to the description of the aforementioned method embodiment. Figure 9 As shown, the following steps are included:

[1043] Step 901: The second function receives a registration request sent by a terminal;

[1044] Step 902: The second function sends the registration request to the first network function.

[1045] The registration request includes one or more of the following:

[1046] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, and group identification.

[1047] The passive IoT indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive IoT device and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal. The device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following: Class A passive IoT device; Class B passive IoT device; or Class C passive IoT device. For definitions of the three device types, see Table 1.

[1048] Passive IoT devices may also be referred to as Ambient IoT devices. The terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, the terms "passive IoT device," "tag," "UE," and terminal may be used interchangeably. A UE is not necessarily a tag or an Ambient IoT device, but may be any function or entity that can provide an Ambient IoT identifier, such as an entity that collects and stores tag identifiers and / or other information, and is not necessarily a 3GPP network function.

[1049] The terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[1050] All or part of the EPC fields;

[1051] General Manager Number;

[1052] Item category;

[1053] PLMN ID;

[1054] Group ID;

[1055] SUPI;

[1056] SUCI;

[1057] GPSI;

[1058] GUTI;

[1059] TMSI;

[1060] PEI.

[1061] The first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, and RAN. It should be noted that if the second function is implemented in the form of a terminal in this embodiment, then the "terminal" in step 901 may be a terminal different from the second function.

[1062] In an embodiment of the present application, registration of a passive IoT device may be performed based on information sent by the terminal or the second function.

[1063] See also Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the registration method provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is applied to the second function. The specific implementation of the second function can refer to the description of the aforementioned method embodiment. Figure 10 As shown, the following steps are included:

[1064] Step 1001: The second function selects the first network function based on one or more of the following information:

[1065] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification.

[1066] It should be noted that “selecting the first network function” may also be understood as determining, acquiring, or obtaining the address or identifier of the first network function.

[1067] Optionally, the method of the embodiment of the present application may further include:

[1068] The second function receives at least one of the following from the terminal:

[1069] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[1070] The passive IoT indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive IoT device and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal. The device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following: Class A passive IoT device; Class B passive IoT device; or Class C passive IoT device. For definitions of the three device types, see Table 1.

[1071] Passive IoT devices may also be referred to as Ambient IoT devices. The terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, the terms "passive IoT device," "tag," "UE," and terminal may be used interchangeably. A UE is not necessarily a tag or an Ambient IoT device, but may be any function or entity that can provide an Ambient IoT identifier, such as an entity that collects and stores tag identifiers and / or other information, and is not necessarily a 3GPP network function.

[1072] The terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[1073] All or part of the EPC fields;

[1074] General Manager Number;

[1075] Item category;

[1076] PLMN ID;

[1077] Group ID;

[1078] SUPI;

[1079] SUCI;

[1080] GPSI;

[1081] GUTI;

[1082] TMSI;

[1083] PEI.

[1084] Optionally, the method of the embodiment of the present application may further include: the second function sends at least one of the following to the first network function: the passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, and the group identifier.

[1085] For example, the second network function may send one or more of the above information to the first network function via NGAP.

[1086] Optionally, the method in this embodiment of the present application may further include: the second function receiving a registration request sent by the terminal, wherein the registration request includes at least one of the following:

[1087] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[1088] Optionally, the method of the embodiment of the present application may further include: the second function sending the registration request to the first network function.

[1089] The first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, and RAN. It should be noted that if the second function is implemented in the form of a terminal in this embodiment, then the "terminal" in step 1001 may be a terminal different from the second function.

[1090] In an embodiment of the present application, registration of a passive IoT device may be performed based on information sent by the terminal or the second function.

[1091] See also Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the registration method provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is applied to the third network function. The specific implementation of the third network function can refer to the description of the aforementioned method embodiment. Figure 11 As shown, the following steps are included:

[1092] Step 1101: The third network function receives one or more of the following information from the first network function:

[1093] The terminal's identification;

[1094] Terminal-related information;

[1095] Registration request information;

[1096] Instructions to obtain contract information;

[1097] Indicates subscription contract information.

[1098] The terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[1099] All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC);

[1100] General Manager Number;

[1101] Item category;

[1102] PLMN ID;

[1103] Group ID;

[1104] SUPI;

[1105] SUCI;

[1106] GPSI;

[1107] GUTI;

[1108] TMSI;

[1109] PEI.

[1110] The terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[1111] Data information related to the terminal;

[1112] Sensor data information;

[1113] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[1114] Optionally, in this embodiment of the present application, it may also include: the third network function sending the contract information of the terminal to the first network function.

[1115] The contract information includes one or more of the following:

[1116] All or part of the terminal's identification;

[1117] the group identifier;

[1118] The passive Internet of Things indication information;

[1119] PLMN ID;

[1120] second mobility management related information;

[1121] Session management related information;

[1122] Transmit relevant information;

[1123] Positioning or ranging related information;

[1124] Positioning format;

[1125] Positioning or ranging accuracy;

[1126] Billing method;

[1127] Validity period of the terminal identification;

[1128] The number of times the terminal identification is valid;

[1129] Validity period of the contract information;

[1130] The number of times the contract information is valid;

[1131] Information related to air interface resources;

[1132] Go to register relevant information;

[1133] To access relevant information;

[1134] Network openness related information.

[1135] The second mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[1136] Mobility management is allowed or not allowed, supported or not supported, required or not required; and / or,

[1137] The session management related information includes one or more of the following:

[1138] Allowing or not allowing session establishment, supporting or not supporting session establishment, requiring or not requiring session establishment; and / or,

[1139] The transmission related information includes one or more of the following:

[1140] Allowing or not allowing control plane transmission, supporting or not supporting control plane transmission, requiring or not requiring control plane transmission, allowing or not allowing user plane transmission, supporting or not supporting user plane transmission, requiring or not requiring user plane transmission; and / or,

[1141] The positioning or ranging related information includes one or more of the following:

[1142] Allowing or not allowing positioning, supporting or not supporting positioning, requiring or not requiring positioning, allowing or not allowing ranging, supporting or not supporting ranging, requiring or not requiring ranging, the format of positioning or ranging, the accuracy of positioning or ranging; and / or,

[1143] The air interface resource related information includes one or more of the following:

[1144] Whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources after registration, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources after registration; and / or

[1145] The deregistration related information includes one or more of the following:

[1146] to register or not to register, to register after registering or not to register, to retain the registration status after registering or not to retain the registration status, to refuse to register or not to refuse to register or to accept the registration; and / or,

[1147] The access-related information includes one or more of the following:

[1148] Go to access or not to access, go to access after access or not to access, retain access status after access or not to retain access status, refuse access or not refuse access or accept access.

[1149] Optionally, the third network function sends the terminal-related information to the fifth network function.

[1150] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[1151] Among them, the implementation forms of the first network function and the fifth network function can refer to the description of the aforementioned method embodiment.

[1152] In an embodiment of the present application, registration of a passive IoT device may be performed based on information sent by the terminal or the second function.

[1153] See also Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is a flowchart of the registration method provided in an embodiment of the present application, which is applied to a terminal.

[1154] like Figure 12 As shown, the following steps are included:

[1155] Step 1201: The terminal sends one or more of the following information to the first network function and / or the second network function:

[1156] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification, and terminal-related information.

[1157] The passive IoT indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive IoT device and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal. The device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following: Class A passive IoT device; Class B passive IoT device; or Class C passive IoT device. For definitions of the three device types, see Table 1.

[1158] Passive IoT devices may also be referred to as Ambient IoT devices. The terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, the terms "passive IoT device," "tag," "UE," and terminal may be used interchangeably. A UE is not necessarily a tag or an Ambient IoT device, but may be any function or entity that can provide an Ambient IoT identifier, such as an entity that collects and stores tag identifiers and / or other information, and is not necessarily a 3GPP network function.

[1159] The terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[1160] All or part of the EPC fields;

[1161] General Manager Number;

[1162] Item category;

[1163] PLMN ID;

[1164] Group ID;

[1165] SUPI;

[1166] SUCI;

[1167] GPSI;

[1168] GUTI;

[1169] TMSI;

[1170] PEI.

[1171] The terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[1172] Data information related to the terminal;

[1173] Sensor data information;

[1174] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[1175] Optionally, in this embodiment of the present application, the terminal sends one or more of the following to the first network function through the NAS, or the terminal sends one or more of the following to the second function through the AS:

[1176] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and information related to the terminal.

[1177] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the method further includes:

[1178] The terminal receives first mobility management related information sent by the first network function.

[1179] The first mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[1180] Registration area;

[1181] Tracking area;

[1182] cell identification;

[1183] mobility restrictions;

[1184] Permitted and / or prohibited areas.

[1185] The specific implementation forms of the first network function and the second network function may refer to the description of the aforementioned method embodiment.

[1186] In an embodiment of the present application, registration of a passive IoT device may be performed based on information sent by the terminal or the second function.

[1187] The specific implementation process of the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below in combination with different embodiments.

[1188] Since the complexity of passive IoT devices is lower than that of terminals defined in existing 3GPP standards, the protocol stacks in existing standards may not be supported by all Ambient IoT devices. For example, the aforementioned Class A and Class B passive IoT devices (even Class C passive IoT devices) may not support the sending and receiving of NAS messages. In this case, the control plane protocol stack in existing standards cannot work properly. When the terminal does not support NAS messages, a possible control plane protocol stack is as follows: Figure 13 As shown. The protocol between UE and RAN is not limited in the embodiment of the present application, and any 3GPP protocol or non-3GPP protocol can be used as the air interface protocol, and even a new protocol can be defined. Figure 12 In the example, some RFID protocol is used between UE and RAN.

[1189] like Figure 14 FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a case where the network triggers UE registration and the UE does not support NAS in an embodiment of the present application. The process may include:

[1190] 1401. Optional step. The AF sends a message to the AMF to trigger UE registration.

[1191] Among them, the indication triggering registration may be implemented by at least one of the following methods: (1) the AF sends an indication message, which is used to indicate the triggering of UE registration; (2) the message itself indicates the triggering of UE registration, such as calling a message or service that indicates UE registration; (3) the internal logic of the message receiving end determines that the UE registration needs to be triggered.

[1192] Optionally, the message may include one or more of the following: an identifier of at least one terminal (or called a tag identifier) to indicate the terminals related to this registration, that is, which terminals are required / allowed to register in this "triggered registration"; passive Internet of Things indication information; group identifier (group ID), terminal-related information.

[1193] As a possible scenario, for example, in a regional deployment scenario, only the company's own terminals might be allowed to register. For example, when a company's supermarket takes inventory, only the company's terminals need to be counted. The advantage of this is that it prevents terminals that do not belong to the company from entering the warehouse. These terminals, whether accidentally or intentionally, do not need to be counted and should not be counted for inventory. Alternatively, an inventory conducted for verification might only involve a specific type of goods or goods with a certain identification segment. For example, if there is an issue with the sales record of a certain beverage in a supermarket, or the sales record of goods purchased in June 2023, and verification is required, then only the beverage or goods purchased in June 2023 can be inventoried.

[1194] The terminal identification includes one or more of the following: all or part of the fields of EPC (Electronic Product Code), universal manager number, item category, PLMN ID, group identification, SUPI, SUCI, GPSI, GUTI, TMSI, PEI.

[1195] It should be noted that if the identifiers of multiple terminals are to be sent, the identifier of the terminal can be a collection / list of identifiers of multiple terminals, or a partial field of the identifier of the terminal. In one possible implementation, if a partial field of the terminal identifier is sent, it means the identifiers of all terminals that match the field. For example, if the enterprise identifier is 0x000001F, it is equivalent to sending the identifiers of all terminals that meet the 28-bit value of the enterprise identifier of 0x000001F. It can be understood that if it is sent in the form of a collection / list of terminal identifiers, each terminal can correspond to the same or different contract information; if it is sent in the form of a partial field or group ID, the identifier of at least one terminal represented by the same partial field or group ID corresponds to the same contract information.

[1196] For example, in the aforementioned example, AF may carry the general manager number = the general manager number of the supermarket, or the item category = the item category of the beverage, or the EPC list of all terminals that purchased goods in June 2023.

[1197] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the path for the AF to send the above information to the AMF is not restricted, such as whether it is forwarded via the NEF or via NFx / UDM; nor is it restricted whether there is any encapsulation change during the forwarding process. The focus is only on the information being sent from the AF to the AMF. If the message is forwarded, the aforementioned method of triggering registration may be different during the forwarding process. For example, the AF sends the message to the AMF via the NEF. The AF carries the indication information to trigger UE registration in accordance with the aforementioned method (1). However, when the NEF forwards the message to the AMF, it indicates the triggering of UE registration by calling a specific service in (2).

[1198] like Figure 15 The following is a field description of GID-96 (a commonly used EPC), which includes an 8-bit EPC header, a 28-bit enterprise number, a 24-bit item category, and a 36-bit serial number.

[1199] 1402. Optional step: The AMF sends a message to the RAN to trigger UE registration.

[1200] Even if the AF carries the terminal identifier in step 1401, the message sent by the AMF to the RAN may not carry the terminal identifier.

[1201] 1403. The RAN determines to trigger UE registration.

[1202] The RAN may determine to trigger UE registration locally, or determine to trigger UE registration based on the message of step 1402 received from the AMF.

[1203] 1404. RAN sends an incentive to the UE.

[1204] 1405. The UE is stimulated to send the terminal identifier to the RAN.

[1205] The meaning of the terminal identifier is described in the relevant description of step 1401.

[1206] In the embodiment of the present application, since the UE does not support NAS, the UE directly sends the terminal identifier to the RAN through the air interface protocol.

[1207] 1406. Optional step. The RAN may select the AMF based on at least one of the following: that the UE is a passive IoT device (A-IoT device), the terminal identifier, and the group identifier.

[1208] The RAN may determine that the UE is an A-IoT device based on local configuration, for example, a UE that reports an identifier after the RAN issues an incentive will be considered by the RAN to be an A-IoT device; and / or the RAN may determine that the UE is an A-IoT device based on the identifier of the terminal, for example, the RAN determines that the UE is an A-IoT device based on the format of the identifier of the terminal (for example, the identification identifier is EPC).

[1209] AMF selection can be performed locally on the RAN, for example, the RAN is locally configured with the address / identification information of the AMF; or it can be performed through the NRF: the RAN sends a discovery request to the NRF, which may include the terminal's identification and / or passive IoT indication information; the NRF sends a discovery response to the RAN, including the address / identification information of the AMF ( Figure 14 1406a and 1406b).

[1210] Whether selected locally or through the NRF, the selection of the AMF can take into account the fact that the served UE is a passive IoT device.

[1211] It is understandable that in another implementation, the RAN performs AMF selection and selects the AMF based on local configuration only. For example, if the RAN is dedicated to serving A-IoT devices, the associated AMF address / identification information may be locally configured in the case of regional deployment.

[1212] 1407. RAN sends the terminal identifier to AMF.

[1213] Optionally, the RAN sends passive IoT indication information to the AMF, including one or more of the group identifiers.

[1214] Among them, RAN sends tag identification and / or passive Internet of Things indication information to AMF through the NGAP protocol).

[1215] 1408. Optional step: The AMF may determine whether to allow the terminal to register based on the terminal identifier.

[1216] It is understood that if step 1401 is performed and the AMF receives the identification of one or more terminals in step 1401, the AMF should perform this step.

[1217] If step 1401 is not performed, or the terminal identifier is not carried in step 1401, the AMF may also perform this step, for example, the AMF determines whether the current terminal is allowed to register based on the local configuration.

[1218] As a possible execution mode, the AMF matches the terminal identifier received from the RAN based on the set of terminal identifiers received from the AF or locally configured, and allows registration if the match is successful.

[1219] 1409. Optional step: The AMF may select NFx based on at least one of the following: passive IoT indication information, the terminal identifier, and a group identifier.

[1220] NFx selection can be performed locally in AMF, for example, AMF locally configures the address / identification information of NFx; or, it can be performed through NRF: AMF sends a discovery request to NRF, which may include one or more of the passive IoT indication information, the terminal's identification and the group identification; NRF sends the address / identification information of NFx to AMF.

[1221] Whether selected locally or through NRF, the choice of NFx can take into account the fact that the UE being served is a passive IoT device.

[1222] It is understood that in another implementation, the AMF performs NFx selection and selects NFx based on local configuration only. For example, if the AMF is dedicated to serving A-IoT devices, the associated NFx address / identification information may be locally configured in the case of regional deployment.

[1223] 1410. AMF sends the terminal identifier to NFx to request registration of the terminal.

[1224] 1411. AMF sends the terminal identifier to NFx to request the terminal's subscription information.

[1225] 1412. NFx sends the subscription information of the terminal to AMF.

[1226] It should be noted that the NFx described in this embodiment can be any network function. For example, NFx can include one or more of the following: UDM, TMF, UDR, PCF, NEF, and NRF. NFx can be replaced by any of the above network functions, or at least one function or entity consisting of any combination of any of these functions.

[1227] The contract information may include one or more of the following:

[1228] All or part of the terminal identification (such as EPC), PLMN ID, enterprise information and / or item category, group ID, passive Internet of Things indication information, second mobility management related information, transmission line job information, positioning or ranging related information, positioning format, positioning or ranging accuracy, billing method, validity period of the terminal identification, number of valid times of the terminal identification, validity period of the contract information, number of valid times of the contract information, air interface resource related information, de-registration related information, de-access related information, network opening related information.

[1229] For example, whether mobility management is supported / required, whether session establishment is allowed / whether control plane transmission is supported, whether positioning or ranging is allowed (may also include allowed positioning formats (such as geographic location and / or topological location), allowed positioning accuracy (such as allowing accuracy to cell granularity, and / or allowing accuracy to 10m range), etc.), billing method (such as billing by number of uses, billing by usage time, one-time billing, etc.), label validity period (such as absolute validity period, and / or relative validity period, etc.), whether air interface resources need to be retained after registration, whether the registration status needs to be retained after registration, whether it is necessary to notify the AF of registration status updates, etc.

[1230] It should be noted that the terminal identifier can be included in the terminal's contract information, outside of the contract information, or both. In the third case, the terminal identifiers inside and outside the contract information can be in different formats. For example, the contract information may include the enterprise number, while the terminal identifier sent outside the contract information may be the complete EPC.

[1231] 1413. AMF sends the terminal identifier to NFx to subscribe to the terminal's subscription information.

[1232] It can be understood that steps 1410-1413 are all optional (because in the case of extremely simple equipment, the possibility of no contract information is not even ruled out). Any part or all of steps 1410, 1411, and 1413 can be combined into one step, and the execution order of these steps and 1412 can be arbitrarily combined, as long as at least one message sent by AMF to NFx is executed before the message of step 1412.

[1233] 1414. AMF sends a registration acceptance message to RAN.

[1234] It can be understood that since the UE in the embodiment of the present application does not support NAS or active messages, the registration reception message may not be sent to the UE.

[1235] In one embodiment of the present application, the UE actively triggers registration and the UE supports NAS. The process is as follows Figure 16 It should be noted that, except Figure 14 and Figure 16 In addition to the situation of , there may also be situations where the UE has no active signaling / network-side incentive registration but supports NAS, or the UE has active signaling but does not support NAS. These two situations can be Figure 14 and Figure 16 Re-combination of some steps. Figure 16 , the process may include:

[1236] 1601. The UE sends a registration request including the terminal identifier.

[1237] The meaning of the terminal identifier refers to the relevant description of the above embodiment.

[1238] Optionally, it includes passive IoT indication information and / or device category. The device category is a specific sub-category of A-IoT devices, such as Class A A-IoT devices, Class B A-IoT devices, and Class C A-IoT devices.

[1239] In this embodiment, the UE supports NAS. Therefore, the UE sends the terminal identifier through the NAS (i.e., the RAN is not aware of it). The passive IoT indication information and / or device category can be sent within the NAS and / or outside the NAS. As a possible scenario, the terminal identifier may also be included outside the NAS (for AMF selection). The terminal identifier formats inside and outside the NAS may be the same or different.

[1240] 1602. Optional step. The RAN may select an AMF based on at least one of the following: passive IoT indication information, device category, terminal identifier, and group identifier.

[1241] This process can be seen in Figure 14 Step 1406 of the illustrated embodiment.

[1242] 1603. The RAN sends a registration request to the AMF, including the message in step 1601.

[1243] 1604. Optional step: The AMF may select NFx based on at least one of the following: passive IoT indication information, device category, identifier of the terminal, and group identifier.

[1244] This process can be seen in Figure 14 Step 1409 of the illustrated embodiment.

[1245] Steps 1605-1608, this process can be found in Figure 14 Steps 1410-1413 of the illustrated embodiment.

[1246] 1609. The AMF determines whether to send mobility-related information to the UE based on at least one of the following: device category and subscription information.

[1247] Determining whether to send mobility-related information to the UE based on the subscription information can also be said to be based on whether the terminal supports / needs mobility management, or information on whether it supports / needs mobility management. The consideration here is that "whether the UE supports / needs mobility management" may be included in the subscription information, or it may be sent together with the subscription information (for example, in the form of indication information). In one possibility, the explicit indication of whether the UE supports / needs mobility management is included in the subscription information, in which case it can be understood to be based on the subscription information or based on whether the UE supports / needs mobility management. In another possibility, the explicit indication of whether the UE supports / needs mobility management is outside the subscription information. In this case, it can be understood to be based on whether the UE supports / needs mobility management. In yet another possibility, NFx does not send an explicit indication of whether the UE supports / needs mobility management to the AMF, but instead the AMF infers whether the UE supports / needs mobility management based on the subscription data. For example, if the subscription includes the required positioning accuracy, it can be inferred that the AMF needs to perform mobility management.

[1248] It is understandable that the device category can also serve as the basis for the AMF to determine whether the UE supports / requires mobility management. For example, Class A devices do not support mobility management.

[1249] If the UE supports / requires mobility management, the AMF shall allocate and / or send mobility related information.

[1250] The mobility related information may include at least one of the following: PLMN ID, RA, TA, mobility restriction, registration area, allowed and / or prohibited areas.

[1251] 1610. The AMF sends a registration accept message to the RAN and / or UE, optionally including the mobility-related information.

[1252] In one embodiment of the present application, the terminal carries terminal-related data (such as sensor readings, etc.) when registering, and data transmission is completed simultaneously during the registration process. The present application embodiment includes different situations of network-side / terminal-side triggering registration and whether the terminal supports NAS. The process can be found in Figure 17 As shown, including:

[1253] 1701, optional step: AF subscribes to terminal-related data, such as sensor data.

[1254] The subscription may be achieved by at least one of the following methods: (1) the AF sends an indication message, which serves to subscribe to the tag data; (2) the message itself indicates the subscription to the tag data, such as calling the tag data subscription service; (3) the internal logic of the message receiving end determines that the AF needs to subscribe to the tag data.

[1255] Optionally, the message may include all or part of the identification of at least one terminal.

[1256] 1702-1704: For network-side triggered registration, you can execute Figure 14 Steps 1402-1404 of the embodiment shown.

[1257] For 1705-1707, execute Figure 14 Steps 1405-1407 shown (used as an example in the figure), or Figure 16 As a possible example, according to the support of the tag for NAS, it is determined whether to execute Figure 14 Steps 1405-1407 shown, or Figure 16 Steps 1601-1603 of the embodiment shown. For example, for a tag that supports NAS, execute Figure 16 In the embodiment shown, steps 1601-1603 are executed for tags that do not support NAS. Figure 14 Steps 1405-1407 are shown.

[1258] In this embodiment, steps 1705 and 1707 include the data of the terminal, and the data of the terminal can be located inside or outside the NAS.

[1259] 1708. AMF can perform NFx selection, such as Figure 14 Step 1409 of the illustrated embodiment or Figure 16 Step 1604 of the embodiment shown; AMF may execute contract information acquisition (1710-1713), such as Figure 14 Steps 1410-1413 of the illustrated embodiment or Figure 16 Steps 1605-1608 of the illustrated embodiment.

[1260] Optionally, AMF may send terminal-related data to NFx, and NFx may store the terminal-related data.

[1261] For the case where the network triggers terminal registration, the following can also be executed before step 1706: Figure 14 Step 1408 of the illustrated embodiment.

[1262] 1714. AMF determines to send terminal-related data to AF.

[1263] In one implementation, the AMF determines to send the terminal-related data to the AF based on the terminal identifier of the terminal to which the AF subscribes. For example, if the current terminal identifier matches the tag identifier (set) subscribed by the AF in step 1701, the terminal-related data is sent.

[1264] In another implementation, the AMF determines to send the terminal-related data to the AF based on local configuration or subscription information.

[1265] If the NFx stores the terminal-related data, the NFx may determine to send the terminal-related data to the AF.

[1266] 1715. AMF sends terminal-related data to AF.

[1267] If NFx stores the terminal-related data, NFx may also send the terminal-related data to AF.

[1268] In the embodiment of the present application, the manner or message / service by which the AMF (or NFx) sends the terminal-related data to the AF is not limited, for example, via or not via the NEF.

[1269] 1716, Execution Figure 14 Step 1414 of the embodiment shown (used as an example in the figure) or Figure 16 Steps 1609-1610 of the illustrated embodiment.

[1270] In the embodiments of the present application, registering Ambient IoT devices with the network can integrate passive devices with the mobile network, bringing mobile network capabilities into the management and registration of passive devices. Specifically, this approach offers at least the following benefits: a) facilitating the unified management of Ambient IoT devices, b) facilitating the transmission of massive amounts of data from Ambient IoT devices, or large-scale / long-distance data transmission, and c) leveraging the core network's data processing capabilities.

[1271] Using EPC (or part of the EPC field) as an A-IoT device can reuse the management mechanism of existing passive devices. Without making major changes to the existing passive tag management mechanism, it is possible to use the core network's capabilities to uniformly manage passive devices, which is simple and easy to implement. At the same time, since there is no major change to the existing passive device, the passive device can also be compatible with other existing A-IoT device usage methods. For example, for the processing of a small number of tags or home scenarios, a simple handheld barcode scanner can also use the passive device without the need to purchase core network services separately, which is more flexible and economical.

[1272] See also Figure 18 , Figure 18 This is a structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is applied to the first network function. Figure 18 As shown, the registration device includes:

[1273] The first receiving module 1801 is configured to receive one or more of the following information sent by the terminal or the second function:

[1274] Passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, group identifier, and terminal-related information.

[1275] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[1276] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[1277] Class A passive IoT devices;

[1278] Class B passive IoT devices;

[1279] Class C passive IoT devices.

[1280] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[1281] All or part of the EPC fields;

[1282] General Manager Number;

[1283] Item category;

[1284] PLMN ID;

[1285] Group ID;

[1286] SUPI;

[1287] SUCI;

[1288] GPSI;

[1289] GUTI;

[1290] TMSI;

[1291] PEI.

[1292] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[1293] Data information related to the terminal;

[1294] Sensor data information;

[1295] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[1296] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information serves as all or part of the capability information of the terminal.

[1297] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1298] A first sending module is configured to send first mobility management related information to the terminal and / or the second function according to one or more of the following information:

[1299] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the contract information.

[1300] Optionally, the first mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[1301] Registration area;

[1302] Tracking area;

[1303] cell identification;

[1304] mobility restrictions;

[1305] Permitted and / or prohibited areas.

[1306] Optionally, the contract information includes one or more of the following:

[1307] All or part of the terminal's identification;

[1308] the group identifier;

[1309] The passive Internet of Things indication information;

[1310] PLMN ID;

[1311] second mobility management related information;

[1312] Session management related information;

[1313] Transmit relevant information;

[1314] Positioning or ranging related information;

[1315] Positioning format;

[1316] Positioning or ranging accuracy;

[1317] Billing method;

[1318] Validity period of the terminal identification;

[1319] The number of times the terminal identification is valid;

[1320] Validity period of the contract information;

[1321] The number of times the contract information is valid;

[1322] Information related to air interface resources;

[1323] Go to register relevant information;

[1324] To access relevant information;

[1325] Network openness related information.

[1326] Optionally, the second mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[1327] Mobility management is allowed or not allowed, supported or not supported, required or not required; and / or,

[1328] The session management related information includes one or more of the following:

[1329] Allowing or not allowing session establishment, supporting or not supporting session establishment, requiring or not requiring session establishment; and / or,

[1330] The transmission related information includes one or more of the following:

[1331] Allowing or not allowing control plane transmission, supporting or not supporting control plane transmission, requiring or not requiring control plane transmission, allowing or not allowing user plane transmission, supporting or not supporting user plane transmission, requiring or not requiring user plane transmission; and / or,

[1332] The positioning or ranging related information includes one or more of the following:

[1333] Allowing or not allowing positioning, supporting or not supporting positioning, requiring or not requiring positioning, allowing or not allowing ranging, supporting or not supporting ranging, requiring or not requiring ranging, the format of positioning or ranging, the accuracy of positioning or ranging; and / or,

[1334] The air interface resource related information includes one or more of the following:

[1335] whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources after registration, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources after registration; and / or,

[1336] The deregistration related information includes one or more of the following:

[1337] to register or not to register, to register after registering or not to register, to retain the registration status after registering or not to retain the registration status, to refuse to register or not to refuse to register or to accept the registration; and / or,

[1338] The access-related information includes one or more of the following:

[1339] Go to access or not to access, go to access after access or not to access, retain access status after access or not to retain access status, refuse access or not refuse access or accept access.

[1340] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1341] The second receiving module is used to receive the signing information from a third network function.

[1342] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1343] The third receiving module is configured to receive one or more of the following information sent by the terminal through the NAS:

[1344] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and information related to the terminal;

[1345] or,

[1346] Receive one or more of the following information sent by the second function, wherein the information is sent by the terminal to the second function through the AS:

[1347] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the terminal-related information.

[1348] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1349] The second sending module is configured to send one or more of the following information to the third network function:

[1350] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[1351] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1352] The first determining module is configured to determine an address or identifier of a third network function according to one or more of the following information:

[1353] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, and the group identifier.

[1354] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1355] The second determining module is configured to determine an address or identifier of a third network function according to the local configuration information; and / or obtain the address or identifier of the third network function from a fourth network function.

[1356] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1357] The third sending module is configured to send one or more of the following information to the fourth network function:

[1358] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[1359] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1360] The fourth sending module is configured to send the terminal-related information to the fourth network function and / or the fifth network function; and / or to send the terminal-related information to the fifth network function through the sixth network function.

[1361] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1362] a fifth sending module, configured to send the terminal-related information to the fifth network function according to one or more of the following information:

[1363] The request for the fifth network function, local configuration, and contract information.

[1364] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[1365] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[1366] The second function includes at least one of the following: a radio access network RAN, an AMF, an UDM, a TMF, a terminal; and / or,

[1367] The third network function includes at least one of the following: UDM, TMF, UDR, PCF, NEF, NRF; and / or,

[1368] The fourth network function includes at least one of the following: NRF, TMF, UDM, UDR; and / or,

[1369] The fifth network function includes at least one of the following: AF, NEF, PCF, UDM, UDR; and / or,

[1370] The sixth network function includes at least one of the following: NEF, PCF, SMF, TMF, UDM, and UDR.

[1371] The device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, so this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[1372] See also Figure 19 , Figure 19 This is a structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is applied to the second function. Figure 19 As shown, the registration device includes:

[1373] The first sending module 1901 is configured to send first information to a terminal to trigger registration of the terminal.

[1374] Optionally, the first sending module is further used to send the first information to the terminal according to second information or local configuration information received from the first network function.

[1375] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1376] The first receiving module is configured to receive one or more of the following information from the terminal:

[1377] Passive Internet of Things indication information, terminal identification, group identification, and information related to the terminal.

[1378] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[1379] Data information related to the terminal;

[1380] Sensor data information;

[1381] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[1382] Optionally, the second information and / or the identifier of the terminal includes one or more of the following:

[1383] All or part of the EPC fields;

[1384] General Manager Number;

[1385] Item category;

[1386] PLMN ID;

[1387] Group ID;

[1388] SUPI;

[1389] SUCI;

[1390] GPSI;

[1391] GUTI;

[1392] TMSI;

[1393] PEI.

[1394] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[1395] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[1396] Class A passive IoT devices;

[1397] Class B passive IoT devices;

[1398] Class C passive IoT devices.

[1399] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[1400] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[1401] The second function includes at least one of the following: RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[1402] The device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, so this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[1403] See also Figure 20 , Figure 20 This is a structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is applied to the second function. Figure 20 As shown, the registration device includes:

[1404] The first receiving module 2001 is used to receive a registration request sent by a terminal;

[1405] The first sending module 2002 is configured to send the registration request to the first network function.

[1406] Optionally, the registration request includes one or more of the following:

[1407] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, and group identification.

[1408] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[1409] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[1410] Class A passive IoT devices;

[1411] Class B passive IoT devices;

[1412] Class C passive IoT devices.

[1413] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[1414] All or part of the EPC fields;

[1415] General Manager Number;

[1416] Item category;

[1417] PLMN ID;

[1418] Group ID;

[1419] SUPI;

[1420] SUCI;

[1421] GPSI;

[1422] GUTI;

[1423] TMSI;

[1424] PEI.

[1425] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[1426] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[1427] The second function includes at least one of the following: RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[1428] The device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, so this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[1429] See also Figure 21 , Figure 21 This is a structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is applied to the second function. Figure 21 As shown, the registration device includes:

[1430] The first processing module 2101 is configured to select a first network function according to one or more of the following information:

[1431] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification.

[1432] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1433] The first receiving module is configured to receive at least one of the following from a terminal:

[1434] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[1435] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[1436] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[1437] Class A passive IoT devices;

[1438] Class B passive IoT devices;

[1439] Class C passive IoT devices.

[1440] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[1441] All or part of the EPC fields;

[1442] General Manager Number;

[1443] Item category;

[1444] PLMN ID;

[1445] Group ID;

[1446] SUPI;

[1447] SUCI;

[1448] GPSI;

[1449] GUTI;

[1450] TMSI;

[1451] PEI.

[1452] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1453] A first sending module is configured to send at least one of the following to the first network function:

[1454] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[1455] Optionally, the first sending module is configured to send at least one of the following to the first network function through NGAP:

[1456] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[1457] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1458] The second receiving module is configured to receive a registration request sent by the terminal, wherein the registration request includes at least one of the following:

[1459] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[1460] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1461] The second sending module is configured to send the registration request to the first network function.

[1462] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[1463] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[1464] The second function includes at least one of the following: RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[1465] The device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, so this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[1466] See also Figure 22 , Figure 22 This is a structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is applied to the third network function. Figure 22 As shown, the registration device includes:

[1467] The first receiving module 2201 is configured to receive one or more of the following information from the first network function:

[1468] The terminal's identification;

[1469] Terminal-related information;

[1470] Registration request information;

[1471] Instructions to obtain contract information;

[1472] Indicates subscription contract information.

[1473] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[1474] All or part of the EPC fields;

[1475] General Manager Number;

[1476] Item category;

[1477] PLMN ID;

[1478] Group ID;

[1479] SUPI;

[1480] SUCI;

[1481] GPSI;

[1482] GUTI;

[1483] TMSI;

[1484] PEI.

[1485] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[1486] Data information related to the terminal;

[1487] Sensor data information;

[1488] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[1489] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1490] The first sending module is configured to send the contract information of the terminal to the first network function. Optionally, the contract information includes one or more of the following:

[1491] All or part of the terminal's identification;

[1492] the group identifier;

[1493] The passive Internet of Things indication information;

[1494] PLMN ID;

[1495] second mobility management related information;

[1496] Session management related information;

[1497] Transmit relevant information;

[1498] Positioning or ranging related information;

[1499] Positioning format;

[1500] Positioning or ranging accuracy;

[1501] Billing method;

[1502] Validity period of the terminal identification;

[1503] The number of times the terminal identification is valid;

[1504] Validity period of the contract information;

[1505] The number of times the contract information is valid;

[1506] Information related to air interface resources;

[1507] Go to register relevant information;

[1508] To access relevant information;

[1509] Network openness related information.

[1510] Optionally, the second mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[1511] Mobility management is allowed or not allowed, supported or not supported, required or not required; and / or,

[1512] The session management related information includes one or more of the following:

[1513] Allowing or not allowing session establishment, supporting or not supporting session establishment, requiring or not requiring session establishment; and / or,

[1514] The transmission related information includes one or more of the following:

[1515] Allowing or not allowing control plane transmission, supporting or not supporting control plane transmission, requiring or not requiring control plane transmission, allowing or not allowing user plane transmission, supporting or not supporting user plane transmission, requiring or not requiring user plane transmission; and / or,

[1516] The positioning or ranging related information includes one or more of the following:

[1517] Allowing or not allowing positioning, supporting or not supporting positioning, requiring or not requiring positioning, allowing or not allowing ranging, supporting or not supporting ranging, requiring or not requiring ranging, the format of positioning or ranging, the accuracy of positioning or ranging; and / or,

[1518] The air interface resource related information includes one or more of the following:

[1519] Whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources after registration, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources after registration; and / or

[1520] The deregistration related information includes one or more of the following:

[1521] to register or not to register, to register after registering or not to register, to retain the registration status after registering or not to retain the registration status, to refuse to register or not to refuse to register or to accept the registration; and / or,

[1522] The access-related information includes one or more of the following:

[1523] Go to access or not to access, go to access after access or not to access, retain access status after access or not to retain access status, refuse access or not refuse access or accept access.

[1524] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1525] The second sending module is configured to send the terminal-related information to the fifth network function.

[1526] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[1527] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[1528] The third network function includes at least one of the following: UDM, TMF, UDR, PCF, NEF, NRF; and / or,

[1529] The fifth network function includes at least one of the following: AF, NEF, PCF, UDM, and UDR.

[1530] The device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, so this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[1531] See also Figure 23 , Figure 23 This is a structural diagram of a registration device provided in an embodiment of the present application, which is applied to a terminal.

[1532] like Figure 23 As shown, the registration device includes:

[1533] The first sending module 2301 is configured to send one or more of the following information to the first network function and / or the second function:

[1534] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification, and terminal-related information.

[1535] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[1536] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[1537] Class A passive IoT devices;

[1538] Class B passive IoT devices;

[1539] Class C passive IoT devices.

[1540] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[1541] All or part of the EPC fields;

[1542] General Manager Number;

[1543] Item category;

[1544] PLMN ID;

[1545] Group ID;

[1546] SUPI;

[1547] SUCI;

[1548] GPSI;

[1549] GUTI;

[1550] TMSI;

[1551] PEI.

[1552] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[1553] Data information related to the terminal;

[1554] Sensor data information;

[1555] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[1556] Optionally, the first sending module is also used to send one or more of the following to the first network function through NAS: the passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the terminal-related information; or, to send one or more of the following to the second function through AS: the passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the terminal-related information.

[1557] Optionally, the device may further include:

[1558] The first receiving module is configured to receive first mobility management related information sent by the first network function.

[1559] Optionally, the first mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[1560] Registration area;

[1561] Tracking area;

[1562] cell identification;

[1563] mobility restrictions;

[1564] Permitted and / or prohibited areas.

[1565] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[1566] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[1567] The second function includes at least one of the following: RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[1568] The device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, so this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[1569] See also Figure 24 , Figure 24 This is a structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is applied to the first network function. Figure 24 As shown, the registration device includes: a processor 2401 and a transceiver 2402;

[1570] The processor 2401 is configured to receive one or more of the following information sent by the terminal or the second function:

[1571] Passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, group identifier, and terminal-related information.

[1572] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[1573] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[1574] Class A passive IoT devices;

[1575] Class B passive IoT devices;

[1576] Class C passive IoT devices.

[1577] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[1578] All or part of the EPC fields;

[1579] General Manager Number;

[1580] Item category;

[1581] PLMN ID;

[1582] Group ID;

[1583] SUPI;

[1584] SUCI;

[1585] GPSI;

[1586] GUTI;

[1587] TMSI;

[1588] PEI.

[1589] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[1590] Data information related to the terminal;

[1591] Sensor data information;

[1592] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[1593] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information serves as all or part of the capability information of the terminal.

[1594] Optionally, the processor 2401 is further configured to:

[1595] The first network function sends first mobility management related information to the terminal and / or the second function according to one or more of the following information:

[1596] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the contract information.

[1597] Optionally, the first mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[1598] Registration area;

[1599] Tracking area;

[1600] cell identification;

[1601] mobility restrictions;

[1602] Permitted and / or prohibited areas.

[1603] Optionally, the contract information includes one or more of the following:

[1604] All or part of the terminal's identification;

[1605] the group identifier;

[1606] The passive Internet of Things indication information;

[1607] PLMN ID;

[1608] second mobility management related information;

[1609] Session management related information;

[1610] Transmit relevant information;

[1611] Positioning or ranging related information;

[1612] Positioning format;

[1613] Positioning or ranging accuracy;

[1614] Billing method;

[1615] Validity period of the terminal identification;

[1616] The number of times the terminal identification is valid;

[1617] Validity period of the contract information;

[1618] The number of times the contract information is valid;

[1619] Information related to air interface resources;

[1620] Go to register relevant information;

[1621] To access relevant information;

[1622] Network openness related information.

[1623] Optionally, the second mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[1624] Mobility management is allowed or not allowed, supported or not supported, required or not required; and / or,

[1625] The session management related information includes one or more of the following:

[1626] Allowing or not allowing session establishment, supporting or not supporting session establishment, requiring or not requiring session establishment; and / or,

[1627] The transmission related information includes one or more of the following:

[1628] Allowing or not allowing control plane transmission, supporting or not supporting control plane transmission, requiring or not requiring control plane transmission, allowing or not allowing user plane transmission, supporting or not supporting user plane transmission, requiring or not requiring user plane transmission; and / or,

[1629] The positioning or ranging related information includes one or more of the following:

[1630] Allowing or not allowing positioning, supporting or not supporting positioning, requiring or not requiring positioning, allowing or not allowing ranging, supporting or not supporting ranging, requiring or not requiring ranging, the format of positioning or ranging, the accuracy of positioning or ranging; and / or,

[1631] The air interface resource related information includes one or more of the following:

[1632] whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources after registration, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources after registration; and / or,

[1633] The deregistration related information includes one or more of the following:

[1634] to register or not to register, to register after registering or not to register, to retain the registration status after registering or not to retain the registration status, to refuse to register or not to refuse to register or to accept the registration; and / or,

[1635] The access-related information includes one or more of the following:

[1636] Go to access or not to access, go to access after access or not to access, retain access status after access or not to retain access status, refuse access or not refuse access or accept access.

[1637] Optionally, the processor 2401 is further configured to:

[1638] The subscription information is received from a third network function.

[1639] Optionally, the processor 2401 is further configured to:

[1640] Receive one or more of the following information sent by the terminal via NAS:

[1641] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and information related to the terminal;

[1642] or,

[1643] Receive one or more of the following information sent by the second function, wherein the information is sent by the terminal to the second function through the AS:

[1644] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the terminal-related information.

[1645] Optionally, the processor 2401 is further configured to:

[1646] Send one or more of the following information to the third network function:

[1647] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[1648] Optionally, the processor 2401 is further configured to:

[1649] Determine the address or identity of the third network function based on one or more of the following information:

[1650] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, and the group identifier.

[1651] Optionally, the processor 2401 is further configured to:

[1652] Determine the address or identifier of the third network function according to the local configuration information; and / or obtain the address or identifier of the third network function from the fourth network function.

[1653] Optionally, the processor 2401 is further configured to:

[1654] Send one or more of the following information to the fourth network function:

[1655] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[1656] Optionally, the processor 2401 is further configured to:

[1657] Sending the terminal-related information to the fourth network function and / or the fifth network function; and / or,

[1658] The terminal-related information is sent to the fifth network function through the sixth network function.

[1659] Optionally, the processor 2401 is further configured to:

[1660] Sending the terminal-related information to the fifth network function according to one or more of the following information:

[1661] The request for the fifth network function, local configuration, and contract information.

[1662] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[1663] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[1664] The second function includes at least one of the following: RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal; and / or,

[1665] The third network function includes at least one of the following: UDM, TMF, UDR, PCF, NEF, NRF; and / or,

[1666] The fourth network function includes at least one of the following: NRF, TMF, UDM, UDR; and / or,

[1667] The fifth network function includes at least one of the following: AF, NEF, PCF, UDM, UDR; and / or,

[1668] The sixth network function includes at least one of the following: NEF, PCF, SMF, TMF, UDM, and UDR.

[1669] The device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, so this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[1670] See also Figure 25 , Figure 25 This is a structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is applied to the second function. Figure 25 As shown, the registration device includes: a processor 2501 and a transceiver 2502;

[1671] The processor 2501 is configured to send first information to a terminal to trigger registration of the terminal.

[1672] Optionally, the processor 2501 is further configured to: send the first information to the terminal according to second information or local configuration information received from the first network function.

[1673] Optionally, the processor 2501 is further configured to: receive one or more of the following information from the terminal:

[1674] Passive Internet of Things indication information, terminal identification, group identification, and information related to the terminal.

[1675] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[1676] Data information related to the terminal;

[1677] Sensor data information;

[1678] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[1679] Optionally, the second information and / or the identifier of the terminal includes one or more of the following:

[1680] All or part of the EPC fields;

[1681] General Manager Number;

[1682] Item category;

[1683] PLMN ID;

[1684] Group ID;

[1685] SUPI;

[1686] SUCI;

[1687] GPSI;

[1688] GUTI;

[1689] TMSI;

[1690] PEI.

[1691] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[1692] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[1693] Class A passive IoT devices;

[1694] Class B passive IoT devices;

[1695] Class C passive IoT devices.

[1696] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[1697] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[1698] The second function includes at least one of the following: RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[1699] The device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, so this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[1700] See also Figure 26 , Figure 26 This is a structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is applied to the second function. Figure 26 As shown, the registration device includes: a processor 2601 and a transceiver 2602;

[1701] The processor 2601 is configured to receive a registration request sent by a terminal; and send the registration request to a first network function.

[1702] Optionally, the registration request includes one or more of the following:

[1703] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, and group identification.

[1704] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[1705] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[1706] Class A passive IoT devices;

[1707] Class B passive IoT devices;

[1708] Class C passive IoT devices.

[1709] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[1710] All or part of the EPC fields;

[1711] General Manager Number;

[1712] Item category;

[1713] PLMN ID;

[1714] Group ID;

[1715] SUPI;

[1716] SUCI;

[1717] GPSI;

[1718] GUTI;

[1719] TMSI;

[1720] PEI.

[1721] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[1722] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[1723] The second function includes at least one of the following: RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[1724] The device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, so this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[1725] See also Figure 27 , Figure 27 This is a structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is applied to the second function. Figure 27 As shown, the registration device includes: a processor 2701 and a transceiver 2702;

[1726] The processor 2701 is configured to select a first network function based on one or more of the following information:

[1727] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification.

[1728] Optionally, the processor 2701 is further configured to: receive at least one of the following from the terminal:

[1729] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[1730] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[1731] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[1732] Class A passive IoT devices;

[1733] Class B passive IoT devices;

[1734] Class C passive IoT devices.

[1735] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[1736] All or part of the EPC fields;

[1737] General Manager Number;

[1738] Item category;

[1739] PLMN ID;

[1740] Group ID;

[1741] SUPI;

[1742] SUCI;

[1743] GPSI;

[1744] GUTI;

[1745] TMSI;

[1746] PEI.

[1747] Optionally, the processor 2701 is further configured to send at least one of the following to the first network function:

[1748] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[1749] Optionally, the processor 2701 is further configured to send at least one of the following to the first network function through NGAP:

[1750] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[1751] Optionally, the processor 2701 is further configured to: receive a registration request sent by the terminal, where the registration request includes at least one of the following:

[1752] The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

[1753] Optionally, the processor 2701 is further configured to: send the registration request to the first network function.

[1754] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[1755] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[1756] The second function includes at least one of the following: RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[1757] The device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, so this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[1758] See also Figure 28 , Figure 28 This is a structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is applied to the third network function. Figure 28 As shown, the registration device includes: a processor 2801 and a transceiver 2802;

[1759] The processor 2801 is configured to receive one or more of the following information from the first network function:

[1760] The terminal's identification;

[1761] Terminal-related information;

[1762] Registration request information;

[1763] Instructions to obtain contract information;

[1764] Indicates subscription contract information.

[1765] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[1766] All or part of the EPC fields;

[1767] General Manager Number;

[1768] Item category;

[1769] PLMN ID;

[1770] Group ID;

[1771] SUPI;

[1772] SUCI;

[1773] GPSI;

[1774] GUTI;

[1775] TMSI;

[1776] PEI.

[1777] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[1778] Data information related to the terminal;

[1779] Sensor data information;

[1780] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[1781] Optionally, the processor 2801 is further used to send the subscription information of the terminal to the first network function.

[1782] Optionally, the contract information includes one or more of the following:

[1783] All or part of the terminal's identification;

[1784] the group identifier;

[1785] The passive Internet of Things indication information;

[1786] PLMN ID;

[1787] second mobility management related information;

[1788] Session management related information;

[1789] Transmit relevant information;

[1790] Positioning or ranging related information;

[1791] Positioning format;

[1792] Positioning or ranging accuracy;

[1793] Billing method;

[1794] Validity period of the terminal identification;

[1795] The number of times the terminal identification is valid;

[1796] Validity period of the contract information;

[1797] The number of times the contract information is valid;

[1798] Information related to air interface resources;

[1799] Go to register relevant information;

[1800] To access relevant information;

[1801] Network openness related information.

[1802] Optionally, the second mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[1803] Mobility management is allowed or not allowed, supported or not supported, required or not required; and / or,

[1804] The session management related information includes one or more of the following:

[1805] Allowing or not allowing session establishment, supporting or not supporting session establishment, requiring or not requiring session establishment; and / or,

[1806] The transmission related information includes one or more of the following:

[1807] Allowing or not allowing control plane transmission, supporting or not supporting control plane transmission, requiring or not requiring control plane transmission, allowing or not allowing user plane transmission, supporting or not supporting user plane transmission, requiring or not requiring user plane transmission; and / or,

[1808] The positioning or ranging related information includes one or more of the following:

[1809] Allowing or not allowing positioning, supporting or not supporting positioning, requiring or not requiring positioning, allowing or not allowing ranging, supporting or not supporting ranging, requiring or not requiring ranging, the format of positioning or ranging, the accuracy of positioning or ranging; and / or,

[1810] The air interface resource related information includes one or more of the following:

[1811] Whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources after registration, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources after registration; and / or

[1812] The deregistration related information includes one or more of the following:

[1813] to register or not to register, to register after registering or not to register, to retain the registration status after registering or not to retain the registration status, to refuse to register or not to refuse to register or to accept the registration; and / or,

[1814] The access-related information includes one or more of the following:

[1815] Go to access or not to access, go to access after access or not to access, retain access status after access or not to retain access status, refuse access or not refuse access or accept access.

[1816] Optionally, the processor is further configured to send information related to the terminal to a fifth network function.

[1817] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[1818] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[1819] The third network function includes at least one of the following: UDM, TMF, UDR, PCF, NEF, NRF; and / or,

[1820] The fifth network function includes at least one of the following: AF, NEF, PCF, UDM, and UDR.

[1821] The device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, so this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[1822] See also Figure 29 , Figure 29 This is a structural diagram of the registration device provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is applied to the terminal. Figure 29 As shown, the registration device includes: a processor 2901 and a transceiver 2902;

[1823] The processor 2901 is configured to send one or more of the following information to the first network function and / or the second function:

[1824] Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification, and terminal-related information.

[1825] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

[1826] Optionally, the device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following:

[1827] Class A passive IoT devices;

[1828] Class B passive IoT devices;

[1829] Class C passive IoT devices.

[1830] Optionally, the terminal identifier includes one or more of the following:

[1831] All or part of the EPC fields;

[1832] General Manager Number;

[1833] Item category;

[1834] PLMN ID;

[1835] Group ID;

[1836] SUPI;

[1837] SUCI;

[1838] GPSI;

[1839] GUTI;

[1840] TMSI;

[1841] PEI.

[1842] Optionally, the terminal-related information includes one or more of the following:

[1843] Data information related to the terminal;

[1844] Sensor data information;

[1845] The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

[1846] Optionally, the processor 2901 is further configured to send one or more of the following to the first network function through a non-access layer NAS: the passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the terminal-related information; or

[1847] The processor 2901 is further configured to send one or more of the following to the second function through the access layer AS: the passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and information related to the terminal.

[1848] Optionally, the processor 2901 is further configured to receive first mobility management related information sent by the first network function.

[1849] Optionally, the first mobility management related information includes one or more of the following:

[1850] Registration area;

[1851] Tracking area;

[1852] cell identification;

[1853] mobility restrictions;

[1854] Permitted and / or prohibited areas.

[1855] Optionally, the terminal includes a passive IoT device and / or a tag.

[1856] Optionally, the first network function includes at least one of the following: AMF, TMF, UDM, UDR, RAN; and / or,

[1857] The second function includes at least one of the following: RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

[1858] The device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, so this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[1859] It should be noted that the division of units in the embodiments of the present application is schematic and is merely a logical functional division. In actual implementation, other division methods may be used. Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[1860] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a processor-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[1861] An embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor; the processor is configured to read the program in the memory to implement the steps of the registration method described above.

[1862] The embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium, on which a program is stored. When the program is executed by the processor, each process of the above-mentioned registration method embodiment is implemented, and the same technical effect is achieved. To avoid repetition, it is not repeated here. The readable storage medium can be any available medium or data storage device that can be accessed by the processor, including but not limited to magnetic storage (such as floppy disk, hard disk, tape, magneto-optical disk (MO), etc.), optical storage (such as CD, DVD, BD, HVD, etc.), and semiconductor storage (such as ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid-state drive (SSD)), etc.

[1863] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, comprising computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps in the registration method described above.

[1864] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[1865] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform, and of course can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better embodiment. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, disk, CD-ROM), and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[1866] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of this application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of this application.

Claims

1. A registration method, characterized in that: Applied to the first network function, including: The first network function receives one or more of the following information sent by the terminal or the second function: Passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, group identifier, and terminal-related information.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following: Class A passive IoT devices; Class B passive IoT devices; Class C passive IoT devices.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The terminal identifier includes one or more of the following: All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC); General Manager Number; Item category; Public land mobile network identification PLMN ID; Group ID; Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI; Subscribe to hide logo SUCI; General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI; Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI; Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI; Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The terminal-related information includes one or more of the following: Data information related to the terminal; Sensor data information; The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The passive Internet of Things indication information serves as all or part of the capability information of the terminal.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: The first network function sends first mobility management related information to the terminal and / or the second function according to one or more of the following information: The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the contract information.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The first mobility management related information includes one or more of the following: Registration area; Tracking area; cell identification; mobility restrictions; Permitted and / or prohibited areas.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The contract information includes one or more of the following: All or part of the terminal's identification; the group identifier; The passive Internet of Things indication information; PLMN ID; second mobility management related information; Session management related information; Transmit relevant information; Positioning or ranging related information; Positioning format; Positioning or ranging accuracy; Billing method; Validity period of the terminal identification; The number of times the terminal identification is valid; Validity period of the contract information; The number of times the contract information is valid; Information related to air interface resources; Go to register relevant information; To access relevant information; Network openness related information.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The second mobility management related information includes one or more of the following: Mobility management is allowed or not allowed, supported or not supported, required or not required; and / or, The session management related information includes one or more of the following: Allowing or not allowing session establishment, supporting or not supporting session establishment, requiring or not requiring session establishment; and / or, The transmission related information includes one or more of the following: Allowing or not allowing control plane transmission, supporting or not supporting control plane transmission, requiring or not requiring control plane transmission, allowing or not allowing user plane transmission, supporting or not supporting user plane transmission, requiring or not requiring user plane transmission; and / or, The positioning or ranging related information includes one or more of the following: Allowing or not allowing positioning, supporting or not supporting positioning, requiring or not requiring positioning, allowing or not allowing ranging, supporting or not supporting ranging, requiring or not requiring ranging, the format of positioning or ranging, the accuracy of positioning or ranging; and / or, The air interface resource related information includes one or more of the following: whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources after registration, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources after registration; and / or, The deregistration related information includes one or more of the following: to register or not to register, to register after registering or not to register, to retain the registration status after registering or not to retain the registration status, to refuse to register or not to refuse to register or to accept the registration; and / or, The access-related information includes one or more of the following: Go to access or not to access, go to access after access or not to access, retain access status after access or not to retain access status, refuse access or not refuse access or accept access.

11. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The method further comprises: The first network function receives the subscription information from a third network function.

12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first network function receives one or more of the following information sent by the terminal through the non-access stratum (NAS): The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and information related to the terminal; or, The first network function receives one or more of the following information sent by the second function, wherein the information is sent by the terminal to the second function through the access layer AS: The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the terminal-related information.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further comprises: The first network function sends one or more of the following information to the third network function: The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further comprises: The first network function determines the address or identifier of the third network function based on one or more of the following information: The passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, and the group identifier.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further comprises: The first network function determines the address or identifier of the third network function according to the local configuration information; and / or The first network function obtains the address or identifier of the third network function from the fourth network function.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The method further comprises: The first network function sends one or more of the following information to the fourth network function: The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

17. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further comprises: The first network function sends the terminal-related information to the fourth network function and / or the fifth network function; and / or, The first network function sends the terminal-related information to the fifth network function through the sixth network function.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that The method further comprises: The first network function sends the terminal-related information to the fifth network function according to one or more of the following information: The request for the fifth network function, local configuration, and contract information.

19. The method according to claim 1, wherein The terminal includes a passive Internet of Things device and / or a tag.

20. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or, The second function includes at least one of the following: a radio access network RAN, an AMF, an UDM, a TMF, a terminal; and / or, The third network function includes at least one of the following: UDM, TMF, UDR, policy control function PCF, network open function NEF, network storage function NRF; and / or, The fourth network function includes at least one of the following: network storage function NRF, TMF, UDM, UDR; and / or, The fifth network function includes at least one of the following: application function AF, network exposure function NEF, PCF, UDM, UDR; and / or, The sixth network function includes at least one of the following: NEF, PCF, session management function SMF, TMF, UDM, UDR.

21. A registration method, characterized in that: Applied to the second function, including: The second function sends first information to the terminal to trigger registration of the terminal.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that The second function sending the first information to the terminal includes: The second function sends the first information to the terminal according to the second information received from the first network function or the local configuration information.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that The method further comprises: The second function receives one or more of the following information from the terminal: Passive Internet of Things indication information, terminal identification, group identification, and information related to the terminal.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein The terminal-related information includes one or more of the following: Data information related to the terminal; Sensor data information; The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

25. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that The second information and / or the identifier of the terminal include one or more of the following: All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC); General manager number; Item category; PLMN ID; Group ID; Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI; Subscribe to hide logo SUCI; General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI; Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI; Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI; Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

26. The method according to claim 23, wherein The passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that The device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following: Class A passive IoT devices; Class B passive IoT devices; Class C passive IoT devices.

28. The method according to claim 22, wherein The terminal includes a passive Internet of Things device and / or a tag.

29. The method according to claim 22, wherein The first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or, The second function includes at least one of the following: radio access network RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

30. A registration method, characterized in that: Applied to the second function, including: The second function receives a registration request sent by the terminal; The second function sends the registration request to the first network function.

31. The method according to claim 30, wherein The registration request includes one or more of the following: Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, and group identification.

32. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that The passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

33. The method according to claim 32, characterized in that The device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following: Class A passive IoT devices; Class B passive IoT devices; Class C passive IoT devices.

34. The method according to claim 31, wherein The terminal identifier includes one or more of the following: All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC); General Manager Number; Item category; PLMN ID; Group ID; Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI; Subscribe to hide logo SUCI; General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI; Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI; Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI; Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

35. The method according to claim 30, wherein The terminal includes a passive Internet of Things device and / or a tag.

36. The method according to claim 30, wherein The first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or, The second function includes at least one of the following: radio access network RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

37. A registration method, characterized in that: Applied to the second function, including: The second function selects the first network function based on one or more of the following information: Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification.

38. The method according to claim 37, wherein The method further comprises: The second function receives at least one of the following from the terminal: The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

39. The method according to claim 37 or 38, characterized in that The passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

40. The method according to claim 39, wherein The device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following: Class A passive IoT devices; Class B passive IoT devices; Class C passive IoT devices.

41. The method according to claim 37, wherein The terminal identifier includes one or more of the following: All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC); General Manager Number; Item category; PLMN ID; Group ID; Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI; Subscribe to hide logo SUCI; General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI; Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI; Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI; Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

42. The method according to claim 37, wherein The method further comprises: The second function sends at least one of the following to the first network function: The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

43. The method according to claim 42, characterized in that The second function sends at least one of the following to the first network function via the Next Generation Application Protocol (NGAP): The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

44. The method according to claim 38, wherein The second function receives a registration request sent by the terminal, wherein the registration request includes at least one of the following: The passive Internet of Things indication information, the identifier of the terminal, and the group identifier.

45. The method according to claim 44, wherein The method further comprises: The second function sends the registration request to the first network function.

46. The method according to claim 37, wherein The terminal includes a passive Internet of Things device and / or a tag.

47. The method according to claim 37, wherein The first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or, The second function includes at least one of the following: radio access network RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

48. A registration method, characterized in that: Applicable to third network functions, including: The third network function receives one or more of the following information from the first network function: The terminal's identification; Terminal-related information; Registration request information; Instructions to obtain contract information; Indicates subscription contract information.

49. The method according to claim 48, characterized in that The terminal identifier includes one or more of the following: All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC); General Manager Number; Item category; PLMN ID; Group ID; Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI; Subscribe to hide logo SUCI; General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI; Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI; Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI; Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

50. The method according to claim 48, wherein The terminal-related information includes one or more of the following: Data information related to the terminal; Sensor data information; The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

51. The method according to claim 48, wherein The method further comprises: The third network function sends the subscription information of the terminal to the first network function.

52. The method according to claim 51, characterized in that The contract information includes one or more of the following: All or part of the terminal's identification; Group ID; Passive IoT indication information; Public land mobile network identification PLMN ID; second mobility management related information; Session management related information; Transmit relevant information; Positioning or ranging related information; Positioning format; Positioning or ranging accuracy; Billing method; Validity period of the terminal identification; The number of times the terminal identification is valid; Validity period of the contract information; The number of times the contract information is valid; Information related to air interface resources; Go to register relevant information; To access relevant information; Network openness related information.

53. The method according to claim 52, characterized in that The second mobility management related information includes one or more of the following: Mobility management is allowed or not allowed, supported or not supported, required or not required; and / or, The session management related information includes one or more of the following: Allowing or not allowing session establishment, supporting or not supporting session establishment, requiring or not requiring session establishment; and / or, The transmission related information includes one or more of the following: Allowing or not allowing control plane transmission, supporting or not supporting control plane transmission, requiring or not requiring control plane transmission, allowing or not allowing user plane transmission, supporting or not supporting user plane transmission, requiring or not requiring user plane transmission; and / or, The positioning or ranging related information includes one or more of the following: Allowing or not allowing positioning, supporting or not supporting positioning, requiring or not requiring positioning, allowing or not allowing ranging, supporting or not supporting ranging, requiring or not requiring ranging, the format of positioning or ranging, the accuracy of positioning or ranging; and / or, The air interface resource related information includes one or more of the following: Whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources, whether it is necessary or not to reserve air interface resources after registration, whether it is necessary or not to release air interface resources after registration; and / or The deregistration related information includes one or more of the following: to register or not to register, to register after registering or not to register, to retain the registration status after registering or not to retain the registration status, to refuse to register or not to refuse to register or to accept the registration; and / or, The access-related information includes one or more of the following: Go to access or not to access, go to access after access or not to access, retain access status after access or not to retain access status, refuse access or not refuse access or accept access.

54. The method according to claim 48, wherein The method further comprises: The third network function sends the terminal-related information to the fifth network function.

55. The method according to claim 48, wherein The terminal includes a passive Internet of Things device and / or a tag.

56. The method according to claim 48, wherein The first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or, The third network function includes at least one of the following: UDM, TMF, UDR, policy control function PCF, network open function NEF, network storage function NRF; and / or, The fifth network function includes at least one of the following: application function AF, network exposure function NEF, PCF, UDM, and UDR.

57. A registration method, characterized in that, Applied to terminals, including: The terminal sends one or more of the following information to the first network function and / or the second function: Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification, and terminal-related information.

58. The method according to claim 57, wherein The passive Internet of Things indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is a passive Internet of Things device, and / or to indicate the device type of the terminal.

59. The method according to claim 58, characterized in that The device type of the terminal includes at least one of the following: Class A passive IoT devices; Class B passive IoT devices; Class C passive IoT devices.

60. The method according to claim 57, wherein The terminal identifier includes one or more of the following: All or part of the fields of the Electronic Product Code (EPC); General Manager Number; Item category; PLMN ID; Group ID; Subscription Permanent Identifier SUPI; Subscribe to hide logo SUCI; General Public Subscription Identifier GPSI; Globally Unique Temporary Identifier GUTI; Temporary Mobile Subscription Identity TMSI; Permanent Equipment Identification PEI.

61. The method according to claim 57, wherein The terminal-related information includes one or more of the following: Data information related to the terminal; Sensor data information; The terminal senses, detects, probes or measures information.

62. The method according to claim 57, wherein The terminal sends one or more of the following to the first network function through the non-access layer NAS: the passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the terminal-related information; or The terminal sends one or more of the following to the second function through the access layer AS: the passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, the group identifier, and the terminal-related information.

63. The method according to claim 57, wherein The method further comprises: The terminal receives first mobility management related information sent by the first network function.

64. The method according to claim 63, wherein The first mobility management related information includes one or more of the following: Registration area; Tracking area; cell identification; mobility restrictions; Permitted and / or prohibited areas.

65. The method according to claim 57, wherein The terminal includes a passive Internet of Things device and / or a tag.

66. The method according to claim 57, wherein The first network function includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, tag management function TMF, unified data management UDM, unified data storage UDR, radio access network RAN; and / or, The second function includes at least one of the following: radio access network RAN, AMF, UDM, TMF, terminal.

67. A registration device, characterized in that: Applied to the first network function, including: The first receiving module is configured to receive one or more of the following information sent by the terminal or the second function: Passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, group identifier, and terminal-related information.

68. A registration device, characterized in that Applied to the second function, including: The first sending module is configured to send first information to the terminal to trigger registration of the terminal.

69. A registration device, characterized in that Applied to the second function, including: A first receiving module, configured to receive a registration request sent by a terminal; The first sending module is configured to send the registration request to the first network function.

70. A registration device, characterized in that: Applied to the second function, including: The first processing module is configured to select a first network function according to one or more of the following information: Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification.

71. A registration device, characterized in that: Applicable to third network functions, including: The first receiving module is configured to receive one or more of the following information from the first network function: The terminal's identification; Terminal-related information; Registration request information; Instructions to obtain contract information; Indicates subscription contract information.

72. A registration device, characterized in that: Applied to terminals, including: The first sending module is configured to send one or more of the following information to the first network function and / or the second function: Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification, and terminal-related information.

73. A registration device, characterized in that: Applied to the first network function, comprising: a processor and a transceiver; The processor is configured to receive one or more of the following information sent by the terminal or the second function: Passive Internet of Things indication information, the terminal identifier, group identifier, and terminal-related information.

74. A registration device, characterized in that Applied to the second function, including: a processor and a transceiver; The processor is configured to send first information to the terminal to trigger registration of the terminal.

75. A registration device, characterized in that Applied to the second function, including: a processor and a transceiver; The processor is configured to receive a registration request sent by a terminal; and send the registration request to a first network function.

76. A registration device, characterized in that Applied to the second function, including: a processor and a transceiver; The processor is configured to select the first network function according to one or more of the following information: Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification.

77. A registration device, characterized in that Applied to the third network function, including: processor and transceiver; The processor is configured to receive one or more of the following information from the first network function: The terminal's identification; Terminal-related information; Registration request information; Instructions to obtain contract information; Indicates subscription contract information.

78. A registration device, characterized in that: Applied to terminals, including processors and transceivers; The processor is configured to send one or more of the following information to the first network function and / or the second function: Passive IoT indication information, terminal identification, group identification, and terminal-related information.

79. A communication device comprising: A memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor; wherein the processor is configured to read the program in the memory to implement the steps of the registration method as described in any one of claims 1 to 66.

80. A readable storage medium for storing a program, characterized in that When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the registration method according to any one of claims 1 to 66 are implemented.

81. A computer program product, characterized in that The method comprises computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps in the registration method according to any one of claims 1 to 66.

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