Blocking device with adjustable airway

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and discloses an airway-adjustable blocking device which comprises an expiration piece, a connecting piece and an airway blocking piece which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the airway blocking piece comprises an air inlet part and an air outlet part, the upper end of the air inlet part is connected with the lower end of the connecting piece, and the lower end of the air inlet part is connected with the upper end of the air outlet part; an adjusting structure is arranged in the middle of the air outlet part and comprises a mounting ring, a mounting groove is formed in the inner wall of the mounting ring, an adjusting ring and a plurality of arc-shaped blades are rotationally mounted in the mounting groove, the arc-shaped blades are mutually overlapped, a through hole is formed in the overlapping center, and the diameter of the through hole is controlled through separation of the arc-shaped blades. The adjusting structure is used for simulating expiration resistance, and the pore size of the middle of the air outlet part can be adjusted through the adjusting structure so as to simulate expiration resistance in different ranges.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to an airway-adjustable blocking device. Background Art

[0002] In traditional physiological teaching experiments for pulmonary ventilation function testing, forced vital capacity (FVC) experiments usually use fixed-size airway obstructors to simulate different airway resistances. However, this experiment has the following drawbacks:

[0003] 1. Single specifications of obstructors: Existing devices mostly use obstructors with fixed diameters, which cannot flexibly adjust the airway cross-sectional area. This results in a limited range of simulated expiratory resistance, making it difficult to accurately match clinical needs.

[0004] 2. Inaccurate resistance adjustment: The existing technology lacks a dynamic resistance adjustment mechanism. Resistance changes are achieved only by replacing obturators of different diameters. The operation is cumbersome and cannot be adjusted in real time, affecting detection efficiency.

[0005] 3. Insufficient measurement accuracy: The calculation of expiratory resistance relies on indirect parameters (such as flow rate changes), which results in large errors. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] An airway-adjustable blocking device comprises an exhalation piece, a connecting piece and an airway blocking piece, wherein the exhalation piece, the connecting piece and the airway blocking piece are all hollow tubular and are connected in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the airway blocking piece comprises an upper air inlet portion and a lower air outlet portion, the upper end of the air inlet portion is connected to the lower end of the connecting piece, the lower end of the air inlet portion is connected to the upper end of the air outlet portion, an adjusting structure is provided in the middle of the air outlet portion, the adjusting structure comprises a mounting ring, the inner wall of the mounting ring is provided with a mounting groove, An adjusting ring and several arc-shaped blades are rotatably installed in the mounting groove, and the arc-shaped blade is provided with three arc-shaped edges, one of which is concave along the center point of the arc-shaped blade, and the remaining two arc-shaped edges are convex along the center point of the arc-shaped blade, and several arc-shaped blades overlap with each other and form a through hole at the overlapping center by the concave arc-shaped edges, and the convex arc-shaped edge is in contact with the circumferential outer wall of the adjusting ring. When the adjusting ring rotates, the convex arc-shaped edge is driven to rotate, and the diameter of the through hole is controlled by the separation of the arc-shaped blades.

[0008] Furthermore, a paddle for rotating the adjusting ring is provided on the outer wall of the air outlet portion facing the adjusting ring.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer wall of the air outlet portion is provided with a scale, and the scale is located below the paddle.

[0010] Furthermore, a middle portion of the connecting piece is connected to a pressure transducer via a connecting pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, a filter is connected to the lower end of the air outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the filter is connected to a respiratory flow sensor.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0014] 1. The exhalation piece, connector, and airway obstruction piece are all made of medical-grade polycarbonate (PC) material, which has a certain degree of resilience. The various components are connected by interference fit, which not only ensures the stability of the connection between the various components, but also when a component needs to be replaced, it can be directly removed manually, making replacement convenient and quick;

[0015] 2. When blowing into the exhalation piece, the monitoring probe of the pressure transducer extends 1-2mm into the middle of the exhalation piece, which can monitor the upstream air pressure in real time without hindering the normal flow of air. The pressure transducer monitors and collects the upstream air pressure in real time, and then transmits it to the data acquisition module after processing through the differential amplifier circuit. The pressure transducer is connected to the data acquisition module through a shielded cable to reduce cross interference and ensure the stability of the sampling signal.

[0016] 3. An adjustment structure is provided in the middle of the air outlet portion, through which the air flow exhaled by the user flows out. The adjustment structure is used to simulate the exhalation resistance, and the aperture size in the middle of the air outlet portion can be adjusted through the adjustment structure to simulate different ranges of exhalation resistance.

[0017] 4. The flow sensor and transducer are connected to the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is connected to the back-end processing module. The processing module can dynamically output the expiratory resistance curve and synchronously display the pressure-time, flow-time waveforms and resistance-time curves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the breathing component;

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the airway obstruction component;

[0023] Figure 4 The figure is an exploded view of an airway obstruction piece;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a top view of the curved blade;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the curved blade from an upward perspective;

[0026] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the mounting ring.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Exhalation piece; 2. Connecting piece; 3. Airway obstruction piece; 301. Air outlet; 302. Air inlet; 303. Mounting ring; 304. Curved blade; 305. Adjusting ring; 306. Mounting groove; 307. Paddle; 3071. Paddle block; 3072. Screw; 3073. Damping rubber block; 308. Rubber layer; 309. Scale; 4. Connecting tube; 5. Transducer; 6. Filter; 7. Respiratory flow sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should have the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0030] like Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, an airway-adjustable blocking device includes an expiratory piece 1, a connecting piece 2 and an airway blocking piece 3, wherein the expiratory piece 1, the connecting piece 2 and the airway blocking piece 3 are all hollow tubular and connected in sequence from top to bottom, and the expiratory piece 1, the connecting piece 2 and the airway blocking piece 3 are all fixed by means of interference fit and clamping, that is, the diameter of the lower end of the expiratory piece 1 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the upper end of the connecting piece 2, and the diameter of the lower end of the connecting piece 2 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the upper end of the airway blocking piece 3, and the expiratory piece 1, the connecting piece 2 and the airway blocking piece 3 are all made of medical-grade polycarbonate (PC) material, which has a certain resilience, and the various components are connected by means of interference fit, which not only ensures the stability of the connection between the various components, but also when one of the components needs to be replaced, it can be directly manually pulled out, and the replacement is convenient and quick.

[0031] Specifically, the upper end of the exhalation piece 1 is flat, facilitating a better bite. This flat structure aligns with the human oral cavity. Utilizing soft, medical-grade polycarbonate (PC) material, it elastically deforms to fit snugly between the lips and teeth, forming a physical seal that effectively prevents air leakage through the bite gap. Furthermore, the flat structure better aligns with the body's natural bite (e.g., the direction of masticatory muscle force), reducing the risk of loosening due to muscle fatigue during testing.

[0032] Specifically, the middle portion of the connector 2 is connected to a pressure transducer 5 via a connecting tube 4. The connector 2 is a three-way interface structure, including an upper interface, a middle interface, and a lower interface. The upper interface is connected to the lower end of the expiratory component 1 by an interference fit, the lower interface is connected to the upper end of the airway obstruction component 3 by an interference fit, and the middle interface is connected to the pressure transducer 5 via the connecting tube 4. The monitoring probe of the pressure transducer 5 extends to the middle portion of the connector 2 through the connecting tube 4. When air is blown into the expiratory component 1, the monitoring probe of the pressure transducer 5 extends 1-2 mm to the middle portion of the expiratory component 1, which can monitor the upstream air pressure in real time without hindering the normal flow of air. In the present invention, the pressure transducer 5 monitors and collects the upstream air pressure in real time, and then transmits it to the data acquisition module after processing through the differential amplifier circuit. The pressure transducer 5 is connected to the data acquisition module via a shielded cable to reduce cross-interference and ensure the stability of the sampling signal.

[0033] Specifically, the airway obstruction member 3 includes an upper air inlet portion 301 and a lower air outlet portion 302. The upper end of the air inlet portion 301 is connected to the lower end of the connecting member 2 by an interference fit, and the diameter of the upper end of the air inlet portion 301 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the lower end of the connecting member 2; the lower end of the air inlet portion 302 is connected to the upper end of the air outlet portion 301 by an interference fit, and the diameter of the lower end of the air inlet portion 302 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the upper end of the air outlet portion 301; an adjustment structure is provided in the middle of the air outlet portion 301, and the air flow exhaled by the user flows out through the air outlet portion 301. The adjustment structure is used to simulate the exhalation resistance, and the aperture size in the middle of the air outlet portion 301 can be adjusted through the adjustment structure to simulate the exhalation resistance in different ranges.

[0034] Specifically, the adjustment structure includes a mounting ring 303, the inner wall of which is provided with a mounting groove 306. The mounting groove 306 is an annular groove and coaxial with the mounting ring. An adjustment ring 305 and a plurality of arcuate blades 304 are rotatably mounted in the mounting groove 306. The adjustment ring 305 is coaxial with the mounting ring 303. The arcuate blades 304 have three arcuate edges, one of which is concave along the center point of the arcuate blade 304, and the remaining two arcuate edges are convex along the center point of the arcuate blade 304. The arcuate blades 304 overlap with each other, and a through hole is formed at the overlapping center by the concave arcuate edge. The convex arcuate edge is in contact with the circumferential outer wall of the adjustment ring 305. When the adjustment ring 305 rotates, it drives the convex arcuate edge to rotate, and the diameter of the through hole is controlled by the separation of the arcuate blades 304.

[0035] Since the adjustment ring 305 needs to be installed in the installation groove 306, that is, the outer diameter of the adjustment ring 305 is larger than the inner diameter of the installation ring 303, in order to facilitate the installation of the adjustment ring 305, the installation ring 303 is a buckling structure with upper and lower buckles. The fitting surface when buckled is in the same plane as the vertical section of the midpoint of the height direction of the installation groove 306. After buckling, the upper and lower parts of the installation ring 303 can be fixed by bolt connection.

[0036] like Figure 7 As shown, the cross-section of the mounting groove 306 is a transversely arranged T-shaped groove, which includes a vertical groove and a transverse groove. The length direction of the transverse groove points to the center direction of the mounting ring 303, wherein the vertical groove is used to install the adjustment ring 306, and the transverse groove is used to clamp the upper and lower end faces of the arc-shaped blade 304 to ensure the stability of the arc-shaped blade 304.

[0037] A rubber layer 308 is provided on the two convex curved edges of the curved blade 304 and the inner wall of the adjustment ring 305. When the convex curved edge of the curved blade 304 fits with the inner wall of the adjustment ring 305, the two rubber layers 308 fit tightly. There is a large friction coefficient between the rubber layers 308, which can provide a large friction force to ensure that the curved blade 304 can rotate with the rotation of the adjustment ring 305. At the same time, the large friction force can also effectively prevent the curved blade 304 from sliding up and down or left and right, thereby ensuring the stability of the curved blade 304.

[0038] Specifically, a paddle 307 for rotating the adjustment ring 305 is provided on the outer wall of the air outlet portion 302, facing the adjustment ring 305. The paddle 307 includes a paddle block 3071, a screw 3072, and a damping rubber block 3073. A threaded hole is defined in the center of the paddle block 3071, which is threadedly engaged with the screw 3072. The damping rubber block 3073 engages with the outer wall of the air outlet portion 302. When the screw 3072 is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole of the paddle block 3071, one end of the screw 3072 passes through the damping rubber block 3073 and is inserted into the adjustment ring 305, becoming threadedly engaged with the adjustment ring 305. The rotation of the adjustment ring 305 can be controlled by paddle block 3071. Once the adjustment ring 305 has rotated, the damping rubber block 3073 is engaged with the outer wall of the air outlet portion 302, thereby fixing the position of the paddle block 3071 and preventing it from moving.

[0039] Specifically, the outer wall of the air outlet portion 302 is provided with a scale 309, and the scale 309 is located below the paddle 307. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the scale 309 is 4mm-16mm, which represents the diameter of the through hole formed by the arc-shaped blade 304. That is, the adjustment range of the cross-sectional area of the airway is 12.56mm. 2 Up to 200.96mm 2 , the pathological state of airway stenosis from mild to severe can be simulated by different cross-sectional areas, and the airway cross-sectional area can be flexibly adjusted by turning the dial block 3071, with a wide adjustment range. Compared with the traditional method of replacing obstructers of different diameters, the present invention does not require disassembly and installation, and the adjustment is quick and convenient.

[0040] Specifically, the lower end of the air outlet 301 is connected to a filter 6, and the filter 6 is connected to a respiratory flow sensor 7. The filter 6 can filter particulate matter in the external air to prevent it from interfering with the respiratory flow sensor 7. It should be noted that although the filter 6 will increase the airway resistance within 0.3 kPa, the calibration of the respiratory flow sensor 7 can eliminate systematic errors and ensure the accuracy of the data. The respiratory flow sensor 7 is used to monitor the exhaled flow in real time. In the present invention, the upstream air pressure P1 collected by the pressure transducer 5 is combined with the downstream atmospheric pressure P0 to obtain a pressure difference ΔP, that is:

[0041] ΔP=P1-P0

[0042] The exhalation resistance R can be obtained based on the exhalation flow Q obtained by the flow sensor 7:

[0043] R=ΔP / Q

[0044] The flow sensor 7 and the transducer 5 are both connected to the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is connected to the back-end processing module. The processing module is used to dynamically output the expiratory resistance curve and synchronously display the pressure-time, flow-time waveforms and resistance-time curves.

[0045] (1) Unless otherwise defined, in the embodiments of the present disclosure and the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same meanings.

[0046] (2) In the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure, only the structures related to the embodiments of the present disclosure are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design.

[0047] (3) For the sake of clarity, components or regions are exaggerated in the drawings used to describe embodiments of the present disclosure. It is understood that when an element is referred to as being “on” or “under” another element, the element may be “directly on” or “under” the other element, or intervening elements may be present.

[0048] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An adjustable airway blocking device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an exhalation piece (1), a connecting piece (2) and an airway obstruction piece (3), wherein the exhalation piece (1), the connecting piece (2) and the airway obstruction piece (3) are all hollow tubular and are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the airway obstruction piece (3) comprises an upper air inlet (301) and a lower air outlet (302), the upper end of the air inlet (301) is connected to the lower end of the connecting piece (2), the lower end of the air inlet (302) is connected to the upper end of the air outlet (301), and an adjusting structure is provided in the middle of the air outlet (301), the adjusting structure comprises a mounting ring (303), the inner wall of the mounting ring (303) is provided with a mounting groove (301), and the mounting groove (302) is provided on the inner wall of the mounting ring (303). 6), an adjusting ring (305) and a plurality of arc-shaped blades (304) are rotatably installed in the mounting groove (306), the arc-shaped blade (304) is provided with three arc-shaped edges, one of which is concave along the center point of the arc-shaped blade (304), and the remaining two arc-shaped edges are convex along the center point of the arc-shaped blade (304), and the plurality of arc-shaped blades (304) overlap with each other and form a through hole at the overlapping center by the concave arc-shaped edges, and the convex arc-shaped edges are in contact with the circumferential outer wall of the adjusting ring (305). When the adjusting ring (305) rotates, the convex arc-shaped edges are driven to rotate, and the diameter of the through hole is controlled by the separation of the arc-shaped blades (304).

2. The adjustable airway blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A paddle (307) for rotating the adjusting ring (305) is provided on the outer wall of the air outlet portion (302) facing the adjusting ring (305).

3. The adjustable airway blocking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the air outlet portion (302) is provided with a scale (309), and the scale (309) is located below the paddle (307).

4. The adjustable airway blocking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The middle portion of the connecting piece (2) is connected to a pressure transducer (5) via a connecting pipe (4).

5. The adjustable airway blocking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end of the air outlet portion (301) is connected to a filter (6).

6. The adjustable airway blocking device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter (6) is connected to a respiratory flow sensor (7).

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