Subsidence monitoring method and system for highway exploration

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of photogrammetry, and more specifically to a settlement monitoring method and system for highway exploration, comprising: obtaining settlement diagrams at different sampling times within the same highway exploration surface area, constructing a settlement variation curve corresponding to any pixel point, dividing the settlement diagram at the last sampling time into a plurality of connected regions, and determining, based on the differences between the settlement variation curves corresponding to the pixels within the connected regions, a subgrade settlement correlation factor of the adjacent working surface in the connected regions, as well as a subgrade collapse factor for each pixel point, thereby determining a subgrade damage factor for the connected regions, thereby obtaining the total destructiveness of the surface settlement actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration region, and using this to classify the degree of damage to the highway exploration surface region. By obtaining an accurate and reliable total destructiveness of the surface settlement actually caused by the current excavation, the present invention allows appropriate remediation measures to be used.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photogrammetry, and in particular to a settlement monitoring method and system for highway exploration. Background Art

[0002] During highway exploration and construction, monitoring the settlement of the roadbed, pavement, and surrounding environment is crucial for ensuring project safety, stability, and long-term serviceability. As linear infrastructure, highways are subject to complex and variable geological conditions, and settlement can be affected by a variety of factors, including insufficient roadbed compaction, consolidation of soft soil foundations, groundwater level fluctuations, the development of underground cavities or caves, and human engineering activities in nearby areas (such as tunnel excavation, foundation pit construction, and pipeline laying or removal).

[0003] Existing highway settlement monitoring methods, although with diverse technical means, such as leveling, GPS positioning, and fiber Bragg grating sensors, tend to use fixed settlement thresholds for alarm judgment in practical applications, especially when using automation or remote sensing technology for large-scale monitoring. This method has certain limitations and fails to fully consider the different causes of settlement and the differences in the potential degree of damage they cause to highway structures.

[0004] Therefore, simply monitoring the absolute value of settlement to determine the safety status of a highway area may not accurately assess the actual extent to which different causes of settlement are damaging the stability of the highway's geological structure and pavement performance. This information asymmetry can lead to a biased understanding of settlement risk, which in turn can lead to a lack of targeted and accurate implementation of subsequent settlement control measures (such as grouting reinforcement, roadbed reinforcement, and traffic control), making it impossible to optimally allocate resources to ensure highway safety and durability.

[0005] Based on this background, there is an urgent need to develop more refined highway settlement monitoring methods and systems. We should not only focus on the settlement amount itself, but also deeply analyze the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of the settlement, the causal correlation and its differentiated impact on the stability of the highway structure, so as to more accurately assess the settlement risk and provide support for scientific decision-making and effective governance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a settlement monitoring method and system for highway exploration to solve existing problems.

[0007] The settlement monitoring method and system for highway exploration of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

[0008] One embodiment of the present invention provides a settlement monitoring method for highway exploration, the method comprising the following steps:

[0009] Obtaining a settlement diagram at different sampling times within the same highway survey surface area, wherein each pixel in the settlement diagram corresponds to a settlement amount;

[0010] For any pixel point in the settlement diagram, the settlement at all sampling moments is counted in chronological order to form a settlement variation curve corresponding to the arbitrary pixel point; a number of connected regions are divided in the settlement diagram at the last sampling moment, and the subgrade settlement correlation factor of the adjacent working surface of each connected region is determined based on the differences between the settlement variation curves corresponding to the pixel points in each connected region;

[0011] Determine the roadbed collapse factor of each pixel point in each connected area based on the difference between the settlements at adjacent sampling moments on the settlement change curve corresponding to each pixel point in each connected area;

[0012] Determining a roadbed damage factor for each connected area based on the roadbed collapse factors of all pixels in each connected area and the roadbed settlement correlation factor of the adjacent working surface of each connected area;

[0013] The total destructiveness of the surface settlement actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration area is determined based on the roadbed damage factor of each connected area and the settlement of the pixel points in each connected area; and the degree of damage to the highway exploration surface area is divided based on the total destructiveness of the surface settlement actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration area.

[0014] Furthermore, the settlement diagram at the last sampling moment is divided into a plurality of connected areas, which includes the following specific steps:

[0015] Among all the pixels whose settlement amount in the settlement amount diagram at the last sampling moment is less than the preset settlement threshold, the connected domain formed by the adjacent pixels is recorded as the target connected domain;

[0016] Using the region growing algorithm, in each target connected domain, region growing is performed according to the settlement amount of each pixel point to obtain several connected regions.

[0017] Furthermore, the determination of the subgrade settlement correlation factor of the adjacent working surface in each connected area includes the following specific steps:

[0018] In the On the settlement change curve corresponding to any two pixel points in a connected area, the absolute value of the difference in settlement at the same sampling time is calculated, and the sum of the absolute values ​​of the difference in settlement at the same sampling time is taken as the deviation of the settlement change curve corresponding to the arbitrary two pixel points;

[0019] According to the deviation of the settlement change curve corresponding to any two pixel points, the first The correlation factor of roadbed settlement of adjacent working faces in a connected area.

[0020] Furthermore, the first The correlation factor of the roadbed settlement of adjacent working faces in a connected area includes the following specific steps:

[0021] In the In a connected area, the deviation of the settlement change curve corresponding to any two pixels is used as the clustering distance of the arbitrary two pixels, and the K-means clustering algorithm is used to perform a clustering operation on all pixels to obtain several clusters;

[0022] In each cluster, the maximum deviation of the deviations of the settlement change curves corresponding to any two pixels is selected as the aftershock collapse deviation of each cluster;

[0023] Calculate the sum of the aftershock collapse deviations of all clusters, and multiply the sum by the number of clusters as the first The correlation factor of roadbed settlement of adjacent working faces in a connected area.

[0024] Furthermore, the specific steps of determining the roadbed collapse factor of each pixel point in each connected area include the following:

[0025] In the The first On the settlement change curve corresponding to the pixel point, calculate the The first and The normalized value of the absolute value of the difference in settlement at the sampling moment is used as the The geological deformation variables at each sampling moment are used to form a geological deformation variable sequence in chronological order.

[0026] In the geological deformation variable sequence, a geological deformation variable greater than or equal to a preset judgment threshold is marked as 1, and a geological deformation variable less than the preset judgment threshold is marked as 0, thereby obtaining a 01 sequence;

[0027] In the 01 sequence, a sequence segment consisting of adjacent 1s is recorded as a target sequence segment;

[0028] In each target sequence segment, the absolute value of the difference between the settlement amount at the sampling time corresponding to the geological deformation variable corresponding to the first 1 and the last 1 is taken as the mined-out amount corresponding to each target sequence segment;

[0029] The ratio of the mined volume corresponding to each target sequence segment to the length of each target sequence segment is used as the surface subsidence rate corresponding to each target sequence segment;

[0030] According to the number of target sequence segments and the surface subsidence rate corresponding to each target sequence segment, the first The first The roadbed collapse factor of each pixel.

[0031] Furthermore, the number of target sequence segments and the surface subsidence rate corresponding to each target sequence segment are determined. The first The roadbed collapse factor of each pixel point includes the following specific steps:

[0032] The product of the number of target sequence segments and the maximum value of the surface subsidence rate corresponding to all target sequence segments is taken as the first The first The roadbed collapse factor of each pixel.

[0033] Furthermore, the specific steps of determining the roadbed damage factor of each connected area include the following:

[0034] Calculate the The variance of the number of target sequence segments corresponding to all pixels in the connected area is calculated, and then the The mean of the roadbed collapse factors of all pixels in the connected area is calculated, and the product of the variance and the mean is recorded as geological structural instability resulting from multi-layer excavation collapse in interconnected areas;

[0035] The said The geological structural instability of multi-layer excavation collapse in a connected area and the The product of the subgrade settlement correlation factors of adjacent working faces in the connected areas is used as the The roadbed damage factor of the connected area.

[0036] Furthermore, the determination of the total destructiveness of the surface subsidence actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration area includes the following specific steps:

[0037] In the In the target connected domain, calculate the The absolute value of the sum of the settlement values ​​of all pixels in the connected area is taken as the The final settlement of the connected area is calculated The final settlement of the connected area is The product of the roadbed damage factors of the connected areas is taken as the The first product of the connected areas, the sum of the first products of all connected areas as the first The first sum of the target connected domains;

[0038] Calculate the The ratio of the area of ​​the target connected domain to the area of ​​the settlement diagram at the last sampling moment is used as the The first ratio of the target connected domain;

[0039] The said The first sum of the target connected domain and the The product of the first ratios of the target connected areas is used as the first The actual surface subsidence damage caused by each target connected domain;

[0040] The normalized value of the sum of the actual surface settlement destructiveness corresponding to all target connected domains is taken as the total surface settlement destructiveness actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration area.

[0041] Furthermore, the degree of damage to the surface area of ​​the highway exploration is divided based on the total destructiveness of the surface settlement actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration area, including the following specific steps:

[0042] For the total destructiveness R of the surface settlement actually caused by the current excavation in the highway survey area, when R is less than or equal to a preset first threshold, it is determined that the highway survey surface area is slightly damaged;

[0043] When R is greater than a preset first threshold value and less than a preset second threshold value, it is determined that the road survey surface area is moderately damaged;

[0044] When R is greater than or equal to a preset second threshold, it is determined that the road survey surface area is severely damaged.

[0045] The present invention also proposes a settlement monitoring system for highway exploration, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The processor executes the computer program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the aforementioned settlement monitoring method for highway exploration.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are:

[0047] In an embodiment of the present invention, settlement diagrams at different sampling times within the same highway exploration surface area are obtained to construct a settlement variation curve corresponding to any pixel. Several connected regions are then divided from the settlement diagram at the last sampling time. Based on the differences between the settlement variation curves corresponding to the pixels within each connected region, a subgrade settlement correlation factor for the adjacent working surface is determined for each connected region. This analysis analyzes the impact of the cumulative settlement caused by excavation collapse of adjacent working surfaces under similar settlement conditions, ensuring the accuracy of subsequent excavation damage analysis. Based on the differences between the settlements at adjacent sampling times on the settlement variation curve corresponding to each pixel within each connected region, a subgrade collapse factor is determined for each pixel within each connected region. This analysis analyzes the impact of the cumulative settlement caused by excavation collapse of multiple working surfaces at different depths below the same surface area under similar settlement conditions, further ensuring the accuracy of subsequent excavation damage analysis. By obtaining the subgrade damage factor for each connected region, the total destructiveness of the surface settlement actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration area is determined, which is used to classify the degree of damage to the highway exploration surface area. So far, the present invention determines the roadbed damage factor under similar settlement amounts by analyzing the impact of the superimposed settlement caused by the excavation and collapse of adjacent working faces, as well as the impact of the superimposed settlement caused by the excavation and collapse of multiple working faces at different depths below the same surface area. It uses this factor as the weight of the settlement amount, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the analysis of surface settlement damage caused by resource excavation, and thus using appropriate control measures for repair. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the steps of the settlement monitoring method for highway exploration according to the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the time-dependent changes in settlement corresponding to two monitoring points within the surface area of ​​highway exploration;

[0051] Figure 3 This is the settlement variation curve caused by successive excavation of adjacent working faces in the highway exploration area;

[0052] Figure 4 This is the settlement change curve caused by successive excavation of working faces at different depths below the same surface area in the highway exploration area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] To further illustrate the technical means and effectiveness of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, describes in detail the specific implementation, structure, features, and effectiveness of the settlement monitoring method and system for highway surveying proposed by the present invention. In the following description, references to "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner.

[0054] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0055] The specific scheme of the settlement monitoring method and system for highway exploration provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0056] See also Figure 1 , which shows a flowchart of a settlement monitoring method for highway exploration provided by one embodiment of the present invention, the method comprising the following steps:

[0057] Step S001: Obtain a settlement diagram at different sampling times within a surface area of ​​a same highway survey; each pixel in the settlement diagram corresponds to a settlement.

[0058] The present invention targets the following scenario: During the highway planning stage, if it is known that a certain area has a large number of complex surrounding engineering activities (such as underground space development, mining areas, etc.), the historical settlement data of the area can be analyzed to assess the potential impact risks of these activities on future highway routes, which can serve as a basis for route selection or design considerations.

[0059] For any road survey surface area, the InSAR technology is used to obtain a settlement diagram at each sampling moment, where each pixel point in the settlement diagram corresponds to a settlement amount.

[0060] It should be noted that InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) technology is a well-known technique. It obtains radar interferometry images of the same highway survey surface area at adjacent sampling times. The pixel values ​​in the radar interferometry images represent the phase difference between the corresponding pixels in the two synthetic aperture radar images at adjacent sampling times. This phase difference is caused by surface deformation or height differences and can be used to extract surface elevation or deformation information. The pixel values ​​in the radar interferometry images are calculated and analyzed to obtain a specific amount of subsidence, which is then used to construct a subsidence diagram. This is a well-known operation. First, a synthetic aperture radar image is obtained at the initial sampling time. Then, synthetic aperture radar images are obtained at each subsequent sampling time to obtain a subsidence diagram at each sampling time. In this embodiment, the acquisition period is one year, with one subsidence diagram collected monthly. This example is used for the purpose of this description.

[0061] A schematic diagram of the change of settlement over time corresponding to two monitoring points in the surface area of ​​highway exploration, as shown in Figure 2 shown. Figure 2 The vertical axis is the amount of settlement in millimeters (mm), and the horizontal axis is time. The sampling times marked on the horizontal axis are January 1, 2023 (2023-01-01), March 14, 2023 (2023-03-14), May 26, 2023 (2023-05-26), August 7, 2023 (2023-08-07), October 19, 2023 (2023-10-19), and December 31, 2023 (2023-12-31). Figure 2 The left image (a) in the center shows the time-varying settlement at monitoring point A, and the right image (b) shows the time-varying settlement at monitoring point B. This diagram shows how settlement at each monitoring point changes over time, i.e., how the settlement at the same pixel in the diagram changes with the sampling time.

[0062] Step S002: For any pixel point in the settlement diagram, the settlement at all sampling moments is counted in chronological order to form a settlement change curve corresponding to the arbitrary pixel point; a number of connected areas are divided in the settlement diagram at the last sampling moment, and the adjacent working surface roadbed settlement correlation factor of each connected area is determined according to the difference between the settlement change curves corresponding to the pixel points in each connected area.

[0063] It should be noted that near the highway exploration area, when multiple excavation working faces (i.e., there are surrounding engineering activities) are close to each other, excavation activities such as drilling, digging test pits, and mining will have a correlated impact on the surface settlement. When multiple working faces are excavated successively, the surface settlement may be superimposed, resulting in more severe and uneven settlement in the settlement area. Under normal circumstances, working faces adjacent to the highway exploration area will be excavated in sequence to prevent the aggravation of surface settlement and even the occurrence of safety accidents. For example: When a working face is excavated and the working face collapses, causing settlement of the surface above, when the adjacent working face is excavated, the vibration caused by the collapse of the adjacent working face after excavation is completed may cause the collapsed area of ​​the already excavated working face to further collapse, causing a certain amount of secondary settlement.

[0064] The settlement variation curve caused by successive excavation of adjacent working faces in the highway exploration area is as follows: Figure 3 shown. Figure 3 The final settlement of the left and right curves is similar. The left curve (c) is the settlement change curve of the ground surface above the first excavated working face, and the right curve (d) is the settlement change curve of the ground surface above the later excavated working face. Segments 1 to 2 in the left curve (c) represent the rapid settlement stage after the excavation of the first excavated working face is completed, and segments 2 to 3 represent the settlement stage caused by the secondary collapse of the excavated collapse area of ​​the first excavated working face due to the collapse vibration of the later excavated working face. Segments 1 to 2 in the right curve (d) represent the settlement stability stage before excavation, and segments 2 to 3 represent the rapid settlement stage after the excavation of the working face is completed.

[0065] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the subgrade settlement correlation factor of the adjacent working surface of each connected area includes:

[0066] For any pixel point in the settlement diagram, the settlement at all sampling moments is counted in chronological order to form a settlement change curve corresponding to the arbitrary pixel point, where the horizontal axis of the settlement change curve is the sampling moment and the vertical axis is the settlement.

[0067] The preset settlement threshold is -50 mm, which is used as an example for description.

[0068] Among all the pixels whose settlement amount in the settlement diagram at the last sampling moment is less than the preset settlement threshold, the connected domain formed by the adjacent pixels is recorded as the target connected domain.

[0069] It should be noted that: in this embodiment, by setting a preset settlement threshold, the area with a settlement amount below -50 mm is determined to be the area where settlement occurs, so each target connected domain is a complete settlement area.

[0070] Using the region growing algorithm, in each target connected domain, region growing is performed according to the settlement amount of each pixel point to obtain several connected regions.

[0071] It should be noted that the region growing algorithm is a well-known technology and the specific method will not be introduced here. The settlement amount in each connected area is similar, and the settlement amount of each pixel point in the settlement amount diagram at the last sampling moment is the final settlement amount of the pixel point.

[0072] In the diagram of sedimentation at the last sampling moment, For example, in the connected region On the settlement change curve corresponding to any two pixel points in a connected area, the absolute value of the difference in settlement at the same sampling time is calculated, and the sum of the absolute values ​​of the difference in settlement at all the same sampling times is taken as the deviation of the settlement change curve corresponding to the any two pixel points.

[0073] In the In a connected area, the deviation of the settlement change curve corresponding to any two pixels is used as the clustering distance of the arbitrary two pixels. The K-means clustering algorithm is used to perform clustering operations on all pixels to obtain several clusters.

[0074] It should be noted that the K-means clustering algorithm is a well-known technology and the specific method will not be introduced here.

[0075] In the In each cluster within the connected area, the maximum deviation among the deviations of the settlement change curves corresponding to any two pixels is selected as the aftershock collapse deviation of each cluster.

[0076] It should be noted that within the same excavation working face, the excavation height is usually similar, so the settlement caused by the collapse of the same excavation working face is similar, but some areas may not collapse completely after excavation, resulting in voids. When the vibration caused by the collapse of the excavation of the adjacent working face causes the area with the void to collapse twice, it will cause a large deviation in the settlement change curve corresponding to the two pixel points in the same connected area.

[0077] In the In a connected area, the sum of the aftershock collapse deviations of all clusters is calculated, and the product of the sum and the number of clusters is used as the first The correlation factor of roadbed settlement of adjacent working faces in a connected area.

[0078] What needs to be explained is: Figure 3In the figure, each additional excavation of an adjacent working face may add a section of settlement change to the settlement change curve, making the deviation of the settlement change curve of different pixel points larger. Therefore, the more clusters there are, the greater the superposition effect of the collapse of the adjacent working face excavation in the connected area, resulting in more severe and uneven settlement. The larger the aftershock collapse deviation, the larger and more cavities there are in the collapsed working face after the excavation is completed, which reduces the stability of the geological structure. Therefore, the larger the correlation factor of the subgrade settlement adjacent to the working face, the worse the stability of the underground structure.

[0079] Step S003: determining the roadbed collapse factor of each pixel point in each connected area according to the difference between the settlements at adjacent sampling moments on the settlement variation curve corresponding to each pixel point in each connected area.

[0080] It should be noted that the above analysis focuses on the impact of subsequent subsidence caused by aftershocks from adjacent working faces after the excavation of a working face. Further consideration should be given to the impact of subsequent subsidence caused by the sequential excavation of multiple working faces at different depths beneath the same surface area. Given the same final subsidence, the more working faces are excavated at different depths, the more severe the damage to the geological structure and the more unstable it becomes.

[0081] The settlement variation curve caused by the successive excavation of working faces at different depths below the same surface area in the highway exploration area is as follows: Figure 4 shown. Figure 4 Sections 1 to 2, 3 to 4, and 5 to 6 of the middle curve are stable stages before excavation, while sections 2 to 3, 4 to 5, and 6 to 7 are rapid settlement stages after the excavation of one working face is completed. Among them, sections 3 to 4 and 5 to 6 may be affected by aftershocks of collapse caused by excavation of adjacent working faces.

[0082] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the roadbed collapse factor of each pixel point in each connected area includes:

[0083] In the diagram of sedimentation at the last sampling moment, the For example, in the connected region The first On the settlement change curve corresponding to the pixel point, calculate the The first and The normalized value of the absolute value of the difference in settlement at the sampling moment is used as the The geological deformation variables at each sampling moment.

[0084] It should be noted that: in this embodiment, the geological deformation variable at the last sampling moment is set to the geological deformation variable at the second to last sampling moment, and the normalized value of the absolute value of the above difference is used. Linear normalization function, normalizes the absolute value of the difference to Within the range, this example is used to describe.

[0085] In the The first On the settlement change curve corresponding to each pixel point, the geological deformation variables at all sampling moments are used in chronological order to form a geological deformation variable sequence.

[0086] The preset judgment threshold is 0.6, and this is used as an example for description.

[0087] In the geological deformation variable sequence, the geological deformation variable greater than or equal to the preset judgment threshold is marked as 1, and the geological deformation variable less than the preset judgment threshold is marked as 0, thereby obtaining a 01 sequence.

[0088] In the 01 sequence, the sequence segment consisting of adjacent 1s is recorded as the target sequence segment.

[0089] It should be noted that a single 1 does not constitute a sequence segment. For example, in the sequence 00011110010011100, there are only two target sequence segments, 1111 and 111. The number of target sequence segments can represent the number of excavations completed at different depths in multiple working faces below the same surface area.

[0090] In each target sequence segment, the absolute value of the difference between the settlement amount at the sampling moment corresponding to the geological deformation variable corresponding to the first 1 and the settlement amount at the sampling moment corresponding to the geological deformation variable corresponding to the last 1 is taken as the mined-out amount corresponding to each target sequence segment.

[0091] The ratio of the mined-out volume corresponding to each target sequence segment to the length of each target sequence segment is taken as the surface subsidence rate corresponding to each target sequence segment.

[0092] What needs to be explained is that the mined volume reflects the rapid sinking of the ground after the excavation of the working face is completed due to the loss of support above the surface. The larger the mined volume, the greater the excavation height of this working face, and the greater the surface settlement rate, which means that after the excavation of this working face, the faster the surface sinks, the more serious the settlement problem may be, and the less able the natural repair ability of the surface is to deal with the settlement problem. On the contrary, when the settlement is slow, the natural repair ability of nature itself can gradually adapt to and repair the changes brought about by the settlement.

[0093] In the The first In the target sequence segment corresponding to the pixel points, the product of the number of target sequence segments and the maximum value of the surface subsidence rate corresponding to all target sequence segments is taken as the first The first The roadbed collapse factor of each pixel.

[0094] It should be noted that a greater number of target sequence segments indicates a greater number of excavated working faces within the same surface area, leading to more severe damage to the geological structure. Furthermore, a higher surface settlement rate indicates a loss of support above the surface after excavation, resulting in rapid and significant subsidence, making it difficult for the surface environment to adapt to the sudden change. Therefore, a greater subgrade collapse factor indicates greater geological damage.

[0095] Step S004: determining the roadbed damage factor of each connected area according to the roadbed collapse factors of all pixels in each connected area and the roadbed settlement correlation factor of the adjacent working surface of each connected area.

[0096] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the roadbed damage factor of each connected area includes:

[0097] Calculate the The variance of the number of target sequence segments corresponding to all pixels in the connected area is calculated, and then the The mean of the roadbed collapse factors of all pixels in the connected area is the product of the variance and the mean, which is recorded as The geological instability of multi-layer excavation collapse in a connected area.

[0098] What needs to be explained is that: within a connected area with similar final settlement, the greater the difference in the number of underground excavation working surfaces corresponding to different pixel points, that is, the larger the variance, the more different the underground excavation working surfaces corresponding to different pixel points are, and the more serious the damage to the geological structure of the connected area.

[0099] In the diagram of sedimentation at the last sampling moment, The geological structural instability of multi-layer excavation collapse in a connected area and the The product of the subgrade settlement correlation factors of adjacent working faces in the connected areas is used as the The roadbed damage factor of the connected area.

[0100] What needs to be explained is that the greater the correlation factor between the geological structural instability of multi-layer excavation collapse and the roadbed settlement of the adjacent working face, the greater the impact of the settlement of the connected area on the superposition of settlement caused by excavation collapse of adjacent working faces, and the greater the impact of the superposition of settlement caused by excavation collapse of multiple working faces at different depths below the same surface area, the more serious the damage to the geology caused by excavation.

[0101] Step S005: Determine the total destructiveness of surface settlement actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration area based on the roadbed damage factor of each connected area and the settlement of the pixel points in each connected area; and divide the degree of damage to the highway exploration surface area based on the total destructiveness of surface settlement actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration area.

[0102] What needs to be explained is that for different connected areas with similar settlement amounts, the greater the geological structure damage caused by excavation, the more destructive the surface settlement will be. That is to say, for areas with similar current settlement amounts and small geological structure damage, the subsequent settlement is likely to be stable, while for areas with large geological structure damage, the subsequent settlement is likely to be aggravated.

[0103] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for classifying the degree of damage suffered by the surface area of ​​the highway survey includes:

[0104] In the settlement diagram at the last sampling moment, calculate the The first target in the connected domain The absolute value of the sum of the settlement values ​​of all pixels in the connected area is taken as the The first target in the connected domain The final settlement of the connected area is calculated The first target in the connected domain The final settlement of the connected area is The first target in the connected domain The product of the roadbed damage factors of the connected areas is taken as the The first target in the connected domain The first product of the connected areas, the The sum of the first products of all connected areas in the target connected domain is used as the first The first sum of the target connected domains is calculated. The ratio of the area of ​​the target connected domain to the area of ​​the settlement diagram at the last sampling moment is used as the The first ratio of the target connected area, the The product of the first sum and the first ratio of the target connected domain is used as the first The actual surface subsidence destructiveness caused by each target connected domain.

[0105] It should be noted that a larger value for the first ratio indicates concentrated, large-scale surface settlement in the highway survey area, and more severe damage to the surface settlement. A greater final settlement in the connected area indicates greater cumulative settlement, leading to greater potential for serious geological disasters and environmental problems. Furthermore, a larger subgrade damage factor indicates greater damage to the underground geological structure for the same amount of settlement.

[0106] In the settlement diagram at the last sampling moment, the normalized sum of the actual surface settlement destructiveness corresponding to all target connected domains is taken as the total surface settlement destructiveness R actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration area.

[0107] What needs to be explained is that the normalized value of the above sum is Linear normalization function, normalizes the sum to Within the range, this example is used to describe.

[0108] The first threshold is preset to 0.3, and the second threshold is preset to 0.7.

[0109] For the total destructiveness R of the surface settlement actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration area, when R is less than or equal to the preset first threshold, the highway exploration surface area is judged to be slightly damaged; when R is greater than the preset first threshold and less than the preset second threshold, the highway exploration surface area is judged to be moderately damaged; when R is greater than or equal to the preset second threshold, the highway exploration surface area is judged to be severely damaged.

[0110] It should be noted that the remediation measures for surface subsidence caused by excavation may vary depending on the destructiveness of the subsidence. For minor damage, surface repair and soil reinforcement are required. For example, the affected road surface or building surface should be repaired to restore its function and aesthetics, and the soil bearing capacity should be enhanced through grouting, compaction or other soil improvement techniques. For moderate damage, structural reinforcement and foundation treatment are required. For example, the damaged building or infrastructure should be structurally reinforced to improve its anti-subsidence ability, and foundation treatment methods such as deep mixing, precast piles or cast-in-place piles should be used to improve foundation conditions. For severe damage, demolition and reconstruction, ground elevation and ecological restoration are required. For example, buildings that cannot be repaired or the cost of repair is too high may need to be demolished and rebuilt, and the ground may need to be elevated using technologies such as foam concrete, air bags or hydraulic systems. For large areas of subsidence, ecological restoration may be required to restore vegetation cover and prevent further soil erosion.

[0111] The present invention also provides a settlement monitoring system for highway exploration, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The processor executes the computer program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the aforementioned settlement monitoring method for highway exploration.

[0112] So far, the present invention is completed.

[0113] In summary, in an embodiment of the present invention, a settlement diagram at different sampling times within the same highway exploration surface area is obtained to construct a settlement change curve corresponding to any pixel point. Several connected regions are divided from the settlement diagram at the last sampling time. Based on the differences between the settlement change curves corresponding to the pixels within each connected region, the subgrade settlement correlation factor of the adjacent working surface of each connected region and the subgrade collapse factor of each pixel within the connected region are determined, thereby determining the subgrade damage factor of each connected region. This allows the total destructiveness of the surface settlement actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration region to be obtained, which is used to classify the degree of damage to the highway exploration surface region. By obtaining an accurate and reliable total destructiveness of the surface settlement actually caused by the current excavation, the present invention allows appropriate remediation measures to be used for repair.

[0114] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A settlement monitoring method for highway exploration, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Obtaining a settlement diagram at different sampling times within the same highway survey surface area, wherein each pixel in the settlement diagram corresponds to a settlement amount; For any pixel point in the settlement diagram, the settlement at all sampling moments is counted in chronological order to form a settlement variation curve corresponding to the arbitrary pixel point; a number of connected regions are divided in the settlement diagram at the last sampling moment, and the subgrade settlement correlation factor of the adjacent working surface of each connected region is determined based on the differences between the settlement variation curves corresponding to the pixel points in each connected region; Determine the roadbed collapse factor of each pixel point in each connected area based on the difference between the settlements at adjacent sampling moments on the settlement change curve corresponding to each pixel point in each connected area; Determining a roadbed damage factor for each connected area based on the roadbed collapse factors of all pixels in each connected area and the roadbed settlement correlation factor of the adjacent working surface of each connected area; The total destructiveness of the surface settlement actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration area is determined based on the roadbed damage factor of each connected area and the settlement of the pixel points in each connected area; and the degree of damage to the highway exploration surface area is divided based on the total destructiveness of the surface settlement actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration area.

2. The settlement monitoring method for highway exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of dividing a plurality of connected areas in the settlement diagram at the last sampling moment are as follows: Among all the pixels whose settlement amount in the settlement amount diagram at the last sampling moment is less than the preset settlement threshold, the connected domain formed by the adjacent pixels is recorded as the target connected domain; Using the region growing algorithm, in each target connected domain, region growing is performed according to the settlement amount of each pixel point to obtain several connected regions.

3. The settlement monitoring method for highway exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of determining the subgrade settlement correlation factor of the adjacent working surface in each connected area include the following: In the On the settlement change curve corresponding to any two pixel points in a connected area, the absolute value of the difference in settlement at the same sampling time is calculated, and the sum of the absolute values ​​of the difference in settlement at the same sampling time is taken as the deviation of the settlement change curve corresponding to the arbitrary two pixel points; According to the deviation of the settlement change curve corresponding to any two pixel points, the first The correlation factor of roadbed settlement of adjacent working faces in a connected area.

4. The settlement monitoring method for highway exploration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The deviation of the settlement change curve corresponding to any two pixel points is determined. The correlation factor of the roadbed settlement of adjacent working faces in a connected area includes the following specific steps: In the In a connected area, the deviation of the settlement change curve corresponding to any two pixels is used as the clustering distance of the arbitrary two pixels, and the K-means clustering algorithm is used to perform a clustering operation on all pixels to obtain several clusters; In each cluster, the maximum deviation of the deviations of the settlement change curves corresponding to any two pixels is selected as the aftershock collapse deviation of each cluster; Calculate the sum of the aftershock collapse deviations of all clusters, and multiply the sum by the number of clusters as the first The correlation factor of roadbed settlement of adjacent working faces in a connected area.

5. The settlement monitoring method for highway exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of determining the roadbed collapse factor of each pixel point in each connected area are as follows: In the The first On the settlement change curve corresponding to the pixel point, calculate the The first and The normalized value of the absolute value of the difference in settlement at the sampling moment is used as the The geological deformation variables at each sampling moment are used to form a geological deformation variable sequence in chronological order. In the geological deformation variable sequence, a geological deformation variable greater than or equal to a preset judgment threshold is marked as 1, and a geological deformation variable less than the preset judgment threshold is marked as 0, thereby obtaining a 01 sequence; In the 01 sequence, a sequence segment consisting of adjacent 1s is recorded as a target sequence segment; In each target sequence segment, the absolute value of the difference between the settlement amount at the sampling time corresponding to the geological deformation variable corresponding to the first 1 and the last 1 is taken as the mined-out amount corresponding to each target sequence segment; The ratio of the mined volume corresponding to each target sequence segment to the length of each target sequence segment is used as the surface subsidence rate corresponding to each target sequence segment; According to the number of target sequence segments and the surface subsidence rate corresponding to each target sequence segment, the first The first The roadbed collapse factor of each pixel.

6. The settlement monitoring method for highway exploration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of target sequence segments and the surface subsidence rate corresponding to each target sequence segment are determined. The first The roadbed collapse factor of each pixel point includes the following specific steps: The product of the number of target sequence segments and the maximum value of the surface subsidence rate corresponding to all target sequence segments is taken as the first The first The roadbed collapse factor of each pixel.

7. The settlement monitoring method for highway exploration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific steps of determining the roadbed damage factor of each connected area are as follows: Calculate the The variance of the number of target sequence segments corresponding to all pixels in the connected area is calculated, and then the The mean of the roadbed collapse factors of all pixels in the connected area is calculated, and the product of the variance and the mean is recorded as geological structural instability resulting from multi-layer excavation collapse in interconnected areas; The said The geological structural instability of multi-layer excavation collapse in a connected area and the The product of the subgrade settlement correlation factors of adjacent working faces in the connected areas is used as the The roadbed damage factor of the connected area.

8. The settlement monitoring method for highway exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific steps of determining the total destructiveness of the surface subsidence actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration area include the following: In the In the target connected domain, calculate the The absolute value of the sum of the settlement values ​​of all pixels in the connected area is taken as the The final settlement of the connected area is calculated The final settlement of the connected area is The product of the roadbed damage factors of the connected areas is taken as the The first product of the connected areas, the sum of the first products of all connected areas as the first The first sum of the target connected domains; Calculate the The ratio of the area of ​​the target connected domain to the area of ​​the settlement diagram at the last sampling moment is used as the The first ratio of the target connected areas; The said The first sum of the target connected domain and the The product of the first ratios of the target connected areas is used as the first The actual surface subsidence damage caused by each target connected domain; The normalized sum of the actual surface settlement destructiveness corresponding to all target connected domains is taken as the total surface settlement destructiveness actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration area.

9. The settlement monitoring method for highway exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of dividing the degree of damage to the surface area of ​​the highway exploration based on the total destructiveness of the surface settlement actually caused by the current excavation in the highway exploration area includes the following specific steps: For the total destructiveness R of the surface settlement actually caused by the current excavation in the highway survey area, when R is less than or equal to a preset first threshold, it is determined that the highway survey surface area is slightly damaged; When R is greater than a preset first threshold value and less than a preset second threshold value, it is determined that the road survey surface area is moderately damaged; When R is greater than or equal to a preset second threshold, it is determined that the road survey surface area is severely damaged.

10. A settlement monitoring system for highway exploration, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the settlement monitoring method for highway surveying according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are implemented.

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