A dynamic assessment method and system for building fire risk

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and system for dynamic assessment of building fire risk, which relates to the technical field of fire risk assessment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining different types of building fire risk constituent factors, analyzing the key factors affecting fire risks of different types of buildings, and constructing a fire risk assessment index system using the key factors affecting fire risks; obtaining fire risk factor data of the building to be assessed in the current period, and screening the fire risk factor data using the fire risk assessment index system to obtain corresponding fire risk affecting key factor data and fire occurrence constraint conditions; constructing a three-dimensional simulation model of the building to be assessed, and performing fire risk quantitative analysis in combination with the fire occurrence constraint conditions and the three-dimensional simulation model to obtain corresponding fire risk assessment results; the present invention conducts a comprehensive and accurate quantitative assessment of building fire risks, providing a strong basis for fire prevention and control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire risk assessment, and more particularly to a method and system for dynamic assessment of building fire risk. Background Art

[0002] Current statistics indicate that among all types of fire, building fires pose the greatest and most direct threat to people. However, urban buildings with different functions contain numerous fire risk factors and present different risk characteristics, necessitating a comprehensive assessment from multiple perspectives. Therefore, evaluating the fire risks of buildings with different functions and scientifically and rationally assessing building fire risks is a systematic project.

[0003] However, existing building fire risk assessment methods typically rely on on-site inspections by relevant personnel. For example, personnel regularly check the fire protection design of the building to be assessed, including fire compartments, evacuation routes, and rescue sites. They also check whether fire protection facilities such as fire water supply, fire detection and alarm systems, and smoke exhaust systems meet requirements. They regularly and qualitatively determine the building's fire risk and then repeat these inspections regularly to conduct risk assessments. Because fire risk factors within a building are constantly changing, personnel inspection items typically do not change with these factors, making it impossible to dynamically update the building's fire risk assessment.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a dynamic assessment method for building fire risk that can solve the above problems is an issue that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a dynamic assessment method and system for building fire risk, which conducts a comprehensive and accurate quantitative assessment of building fire risk and provides a strong basis for fire prevention and control.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A dynamic assessment method for building fire risk includes the following steps:

[0008] Obtain the components of fire risk for different types of buildings, analyze the key factors affecting fire risk for different types of buildings, and use the key factors affecting fire risk to construct a fire risk assessment index system;

[0009] Obtaining fire risk factor data of the building to be assessed within the current period, and screening the fire risk factor data using the fire risk assessment index system to obtain corresponding fire risk influencing key factor data and fire occurrence constraint conditions;

[0010] Construct a three-dimensional simulation model of the building to be assessed, and combine the fire occurrence constraint conditions and the three-dimensional simulation model to conduct a quantitative analysis of the fire risk and obtain the corresponding fire risk assessment results.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes:

[0012] Conduct decision-making and grading on the fire risk assessment results obtained, and determine the corresponding grading results;

[0013] A corresponding fire warning plan is generated according to the classification results.

[0014] Preferably, the specific process of obtaining the corresponding fire risk assessment result includes:

[0015] Extracting features from the key factors affecting the fire risk to obtain corresponding feature vector data;

[0016] Inputting the fire occurrence constraint conditions into the three-dimensional simulation model for simulation to obtain corresponding fire simulation results;

[0017] A fire risk assessment model is constructed, and the fire simulation results, the feature vector data, and the fire occurrence constraint conditions are input into the fire risk assessment model for processing to obtain a corresponding fire risk assessment result.

[0018] Preferably, the specific process of obtaining the corresponding fire risk assessment result also includes:

[0019] Based on a preset period, it is determined whether the fire risk assessment result needs to be updated.

[0020] Preferably, the specific process of determining whether the fire risk assessment result needs to be updated includes:

[0021] collecting new fire risk factor data of the building to be assessed again, and comparing the new fire risk factor data with the initial fire risk factor data;

[0022] When the comparison results generate new key fire risk factors, determining whether the key fire risk factors need to be added to the three-dimensional simulation model;

[0023] If so, the fire simulation is repeated and the fire risk quantification analysis is repeated based on the new fire simulation results.

[0024] Preferably, the specific process of determining whether the key fire risk factors need to be added to the three-dimensional simulation model includes:

[0025] When a new fire risk key element is generated, determine the associated element information associated with the key element;

[0026] Calculate the correlation between the new element information and the associated element information;

[0027] If the correlation calculation result is higher than the preset threshold, the new element information is added to the three-dimensional simulation model, otherwise it is not added.

[0028] The present invention also provides a building fire risk dynamic assessment system, comprising:

[0029] An acquisition module is used to obtain the constituent factors of fire risks of different types of buildings, analyze the key factors affecting the fire risks of different types of buildings, and use the key factors affecting the fire risks to construct a fire risk assessment index system;

[0030] a processing module for obtaining fire risk factor data of the building to be assessed within the current period, and screening the fire risk factor data using the fire risk assessment index system to obtain corresponding fire risk influencing key factor data and fire occurrence constraint conditions;

[0031] The analysis module is used to construct a three-dimensional simulation model of the building to be evaluated, and to conduct a quantitative analysis of the fire risk in combination with the fire occurrence constraint conditions and the three-dimensional simulation model to obtain the corresponding fire risk assessment results.

[0032] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for dynamic assessment of building fire risk, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The present invention comprehensively obtains the fire risk components of different types of buildings, accurately analyzes the key factors affecting fire risk, and constructs a corresponding evaluation index system, laying a solid foundation for subsequent fire risk quantitative analysis, making the evaluation results more scientific and reliable; at the same time, the present invention extracts features from the data of key factors affecting fire risk to obtain feature vector data, which can more accurately characterize the key characteristics of fire risk, and combines with the three-dimensional simulation model to comprehensively consider the fire occurrence constraint conditions for simulation, thereby obtaining more accurate fire simulation results, further improving the accuracy of fire risk quantitative analysis.

[0034] 2. The present invention updates and judges the fire risk assessment results based on a preset cycle. When new fire risk factor data is collected again and new fire risk key elements are found, it will further determine whether the key elements need to be added to the three-dimensional simulation model. If they need to be added, the simulation and risk quantification analysis will be performed again. This process effectively ensures that the assessment method can dynamically adapt to changes in building fire risks, adjust the assessment results in a timely manner, and provide the latest basis for fire prevention and control.

[0035] 3. The present invention uses a fire risk assessment index system to screen the acquired fire risk factor data, quickly lock in key influencing factors and fire occurrence constraint conditions, avoids processing a large amount of irrelevant or secondary information, improves data processing efficiency, and saves evaluation time.

[0036] 4. The present invention comprehensively considers the fire risk characteristics of different types of buildings, from the acquisition of risk components to the analysis of key factors, and then to the construction of an evaluation index system, covering multiple aspects of building fire risk assessment, so that the assessment results can fully reflect the overall picture of building fire risks and provide strong support for comprehensive and systematic fire risk management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 This is an overall flow chart of a dynamic assessment method for building fire risk provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a structural principle block diagram of a building fire risk dynamic assessment system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] See also Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for dynamic assessment of building fire risk, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Obtain the components of fire risk for different types of buildings, analyze the key factors affecting fire risk for different types of buildings, and use the key factors affecting fire risk to construct a fire risk assessment index system;

[0043] Obtain the fire risk factor data of the building to be assessed during the current period, and use the fire risk assessment index system to screen the fire risk factor data to obtain the corresponding key factors affecting fire risk and the fire occurrence constraint conditions;

[0044] Construct a three-dimensional simulation model of the building to be assessed, and combine the fire occurrence constraint conditions and the three-dimensional simulation model to conduct a quantitative analysis of the fire risk and obtain the corresponding fire risk assessment results.

[0045] Specifically, fire risk factor data may include building design and usage parameters, building fire protection data, fire protection facility data, fire safety management data, emergency rescue data, and the fire situation of the building and the area where the building is located (such as the historical fire situation of the building and the area where the building is located). Data collection can be achieved through a variety of sensors (such as smoke sensors, temperature sensors, flame, infrared, image recognition sensors, etc.). At the same time, the collected data can also be subjected to outlier elimination, filtering and normalization processing to improve data processing accuracy.

[0046] In the process of constructing a fire risk assessment index system, a fire risk assessment index system is constructed through building design and usage parameters, building fire protection data, fire protection facility data, fire safety management data, emergency rescue data, and the fire situation of buildings and the areas where they are located, combined with public fire protection infrastructure data.

[0047] During the fire simulation process, fire simulation software (such as PyroSim, FDS, etc.) is used to integrate the fire occurrence constraints and key factors affecting fire risks into the three-dimensional simulation model of the building to be evaluated; then the fire simulation begins, and the software simulates the fire development process according to the set parameters, and outputs multi-dimensional simulation result data including fire spread path, smoke diffusion range, temperature changes, visibility changes, etc., and can also visualize the dynamic evolution of the fire in the building.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, it also includes:

[0049] Conduct decision-making and grading of fire risk assessment results to determine the corresponding grading results;

[0050] Generate corresponding fire warning plans based on the classification results.

[0051] Specifically, in the process of decision-making and grading, relevant standard documents (such as major fire hazard determination rules) can be obtained through big data, and the relevant standard documents can be analyzed to determine the corresponding evaluation criteria. The fire risk assessment results can be graded according to the evaluation criteria. At the same time, decisions can also be made through expert systems. Finally, the two grading results are coupled to determine the final grading result.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, the specific process of obtaining the corresponding fire risk assessment result includes:

[0053] Extract features from the key factors affecting fire risk and obtain corresponding feature vector data;

[0054] A fire risk assessment model is constructed, and the fire simulation results, feature vector data, and fire risk evaluation indicators are input into the fire risk assessment model for processing to obtain the corresponding fire risk assessment results. The fire risk assessment model can be a comprehensive model combining a convolutional neural network model and a decision tree.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, the specific process of determining the fire risk assessment result based on the fire simulation result further includes:

[0056] Based on the preset period, determine whether the fire risk assessment results need to be updated.

[0057] In a specific embodiment, the specific process of determining whether the fire risk assessment result needs to be updated includes:

[0058] Collect fire risk data of the building to be assessed again and compare the fire risk data with the fire risk factor data;

[0059] When the comparison results generate new key fire risk factors, determine whether the key fire risk factors need to be added to the 3D simulation model;

[0060] If so, re-run the fire simulation and re-evaluate the fire risk based on the new fire simulation results.

[0061] In a specific embodiment, the specific process of determining whether key fire risk factors need to be added to the three-dimensional simulation model includes:

[0062] When a new fire risk key element is generated, determine the associated element information associated with the key element;

[0063] Calculate the correlation between the new element information and the associated element information;

[0064] If the correlation calculation result is higher than the preset threshold, the new element information is added to the three-dimensional simulation model, otherwise it is not added.

[0065] Specifically, the new element information and its associated element information are updated into the three-dimensional simulation model, the fire simulation is re-performed, new simulation result data is obtained, and the element feature vector is updated at the same time, and the feature representation of the new element is added.

[0066] The new simulation results, updated associated element information, new element information and fire risk indicators are input into the fire risk assessment model again to obtain new fire risk assessment results, providing dynamic and accurate guidance and decision-making basis for building fire prevention and control.

[0067] See also Figure 2As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a system using the method for dynamically assessing building fire risk described in any one of the above embodiments, comprising:

[0068] An acquisition module is used to obtain the constituent factors of fire risks of different types of buildings, analyze the key factors affecting the fire risks of different types of buildings, and use the key factors affecting the fire risks to construct a fire risk assessment index system;

[0069] a processing module for obtaining fire risk factor data of the building to be assessed within the current period, and screening the fire risk factor data using the fire risk assessment index system to obtain corresponding fire risk influencing key factor data and fire occurrence constraint conditions;

[0070] The analysis module is used to construct a three-dimensional simulation model of the building to be evaluated, and to conduct a quantitative analysis of the fire risk in combination with the fire occurrence constraint conditions and the three-dimensional simulation model to obtain the corresponding fire risk assessment results.

[0071] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Reference can be made to the common and similar parts between the various embodiments. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method description.

[0072] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A dynamic assessment method for building fire risk, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain the components of fire risk for different types of buildings, analyze the key factors affecting fire risk for different types of buildings, and use the key factors affecting fire risk to construct a fire risk assessment index system; Obtaining fire risk factor data of the building to be assessed within the current period, and screening the fire risk factor data using the fire risk assessment index system to obtain corresponding fire risk influencing key factor data and fire occurrence constraint conditions; Construct a 3D simulation model of the building to be assessed, and conduct a quantitative analysis of fire risk based on the fire occurrence constraints and the 3D simulation model to obtain the corresponding fire risk assessment results. The specific process includes: Extracting features from the key factors affecting the fire risk to obtain corresponding feature vector data; Inputting the fire occurrence constraint conditions into the three-dimensional simulation model for simulation to obtain corresponding fire simulation results; A fire risk assessment model is constructed, and the fire simulation results, the feature vector data, and the fire occurrence constraint conditions are input into the fire risk assessment model for processing to obtain a corresponding fire risk assessment result.

2. A dynamic assessment method for building fire risk according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Conduct decision-making and grading on the fire risk assessment results obtained, and determine the corresponding grading results; A corresponding fire warning plan is generated according to the classification results.

3. A dynamic assessment method for building fire risk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of obtaining the corresponding fire risk assessment results also includes: Based on a preset period, it is determined whether the fire risk assessment result needs to be updated.

4. A dynamic assessment method for building fire risk according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific process of determining whether the fire risk assessment result needs to be updated includes: collecting new fire risk factor data of the building to be assessed again, and comparing the new fire risk factor data with the initial fire risk factor data; When the comparison results generate new key fire risk factors, determining whether the key fire risk factors need to be added to the three-dimensional simulation model; If so, the fire simulation is repeated and the fire risk quantification analysis is repeated based on the new fire simulation results.

5. A dynamic assessment method for building fire risk according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific process of determining whether the key fire risk factors need to be added to the three-dimensional simulation model includes: When a new fire risk key element is generated, determine the associated element information associated with the key element; Calculate the correlation between the new element information and the associated element information; If the correlation calculation result is higher than the preset threshold, the new element information is added to the three-dimensional simulation model, otherwise it is not added.

6. A system using the method for dynamic assessment of building fire risk according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module is used to obtain the constituent factors of fire risks of different types of buildings, analyze the key factors affecting the fire risks of different types of buildings, and use the key factors affecting the fire risks to construct a fire risk assessment index system; a processing module for obtaining fire risk factor data of the building to be assessed within the current period, and screening the fire risk factor data using the fire risk assessment index system to obtain corresponding fire risk influencing key factor data and fire occurrence constraint conditions; The analysis module is used to construct a three-dimensional simulation model of the building to be evaluated, and to conduct a quantitative analysis of the fire risk in combination with the fire occurrence constraint conditions and the three-dimensional simulation model to obtain the corresponding fire risk assessment results.

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