Preparation method of radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable for harsh environment of third-generation nuclear power station

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cable preparation, and discloses a preparation method of a radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable for a harsh environment of a third-generation nuclear power station. Comprising the following steps: S1, preparing raw materials: putting rubber particles into a heating tank for heating and stirring, adding a proper amount of water to be mixed with the rubber particles when the rubber particles are stirred, and when the rubber particles are stirred into a rubber solution, adding a proper amount of water into the rubber solution; when the silica gel is added into the rubber solution, the toughness and the high temperature resistance of the rubber solution are improved, a rubber material with the main chain not containing double bonds or containing S and 0 atoms is selected, the rubber material has good heat resistance, and the rubber material is not prone to cracking, so that the service life of the rubber material is prolonged, and the service life of the rubber material is prolonged. The fluororubber, the nitrile rubber, the stabilizer, the antioxidant and the anti-radiation agent can resist multiple radiation for the cable, and the cross-linking density of the rubber material can be increased in cooperation with radiation cross-linking, so that the radiation resistance and high temperature resistance of the cable are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cable preparation, in particular to a method for preparing a radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable for use in the harsh environment of a third-generation nuclear power plant. Background Art

[0002] The third generation of nuclear power plants focuses on environmental protection and sustainable development. They adopt more environmentally friendly design concepts and technical means to reduce the pollution and impact of nuclear power plants on the environment. At the same time, the third generation of nuclear power plants also actively explores the combination of renewable energy and nuclear energy to achieve a win-win situation of sustainable energy development and environmental protection. In short, the third generation of nuclear power plants is an important milestone in the development of nuclear energy technology. It not only improves the efficiency and safety of nuclear power plants, but also focuses on environmental protection and sustainable development. Cables are electrical energy or signal transmission equipment composed of several or several groups of wires. With the development of the times, the demand for cables is also increasing, so a large number of cables need to be prepared;

[0003] When cables are prepared, rubber materials are usually used to prepare the cable rubber sheath, which causes the cable to be easily damaged when used in harsh environments, affecting the normal use of the cable. At the same time, the cable rubber sheath is easily cracked due to high temperature or extremely cold weather, which reduces the service life of the cable. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical problems solved

[0005] In response to the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cables for use in the harsh environment of third-generation nuclear power plants. When silica gel is added to the rubber solution, the toughness and high-temperature resistance of the rubber solution can be increased. A rubber material whose main chain does not contain double bonds or contains S and O atoms is selected, which has good heat resistance. Fluororubber, nitrile rubber, stabilizers, antioxidants and anti-radiation agents can be used to perform multiple radiation resistance on the cable. At the same time, radiation cross-linking can increase the cross-linking density of the rubber material, thereby greatly improving the radiation resistance and high-temperature resistance of the cable. Since the antioxidant has anti-cracking properties, adding the antioxidant to the rubber solution can delay or inhibit the aging process of the rubber, and it performs well in anti-cracking, has good weather resistance, anti-aging and mechanical strength, and extends the service life of the rubber.

[0006] (2) Technical solution

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Raw material preparation:

[0009] Put the rubber particles into the heating tank for heating and stirring. When the rubber particles are stirred, add an appropriate amount of water to mix with the rubber particles. When the rubber particles are stirred into a rubber solution, add an antioxidant, silica gel, fluororubber, nitrile rubber, stabilizer, antioxidant, plasticizer and anti-radiation agent to the rubber solution in sequence and stir and mix together.

[0010] S2. Cooling:

[0011] The heated and mixed rubber solution can be poured into a cooling mold and placed in a cooling box for cooling. The cooled rubber solution is then put into an extruder for extrusion molding to prepare a cable rubber sleeve.

[0012] S3, Cable rubber casing cross-linking:

[0013] The prepared cable rubber sleeve is subjected to radiation cross-linking, which can increase the cross-linking density of the rubber material and improve its heat resistance and mechanical properties;

[0014] S4, drawing:

[0015] The copper raw material is passed through a wire drawing machine and through one or more drawing dies to reduce its cross-section, increase its length and improve its strength;

[0016] S5, annealing:

[0017] The drawn monofilament is heated to a certain temperature to increase the toughness of the monofilament by recrystallization and reduce the strength to meet the requirements of the wire and cable for the conductive core;

[0018] S6. Conductor twisting:

[0019] Multiple monofilaments are twisted together according to a certain pattern to form a conductor. The twisting forms include regular twisting and irregular twisting, the latter of which is further divided into bundle twisting, concentric twisting, special twisting, etc.

[0020] S7, insulation layer extrusion:

[0021] The plastic is evenly extruded using a screw of a specific shape to form the required insulation layer;

[0022] S8, Cabling:

[0023] The insulated wire cores are twisted together according to certain rules to form a multi-core cable. The purpose of cabling is to meet the multi-core requirements, maintain the stability of the cable structure, increase the cable flexibility and reduce losses;

[0024] S9, inner sheath:

[0025] In order to protect the insulated core from being damaged by the armor, an inner sheath needs to be added outside the insulation layer;

[0026] S10, Armor:

[0027] Steel tape or steel wire armor can be added to the cable as needed to enhance the mechanical strength and pressure resistance of the cable, and a sheath layer can be added to the outermost layer of the cable to fix the cable shape and protect the internal structure;

[0028] S11. Experiment:

[0029] After each production process, voltage resistance test, spark test, etc. are carried out to ensure the quality and safety of the cable, thus completing the preparation of the cable.

[0030] Preferably, the mass proportions of the raw materials in S1 are: 300-450 parts of rubber particles, 100-200 parts of antioxidant, 200-300 parts of silica gel, 100-200 parts of fluororubber, 50-150 parts of nitrile rubber, 50-80 parts of stabilizer, 30-60 parts of antioxidant, 150-200 parts of plasticizer and 80-150 parts of anti-radiation agent.

[0031] Preferably, the antioxidant in S1 is phenyl-β-naphthylamine, N,N-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-phenyl-N′-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine and other substances, which have anti-cracking effects and can delay or inhibit the aging process of rubber.

[0032] Preferably, the heating temperature of the rubber particles in S1 is 150-200° C., and the heating time of the rubber particles is 30-45 minutes.

[0033] Preferably, the temperature of the cooling box in S2 is maintained at 20-25° C., and the cooling mold is placed in the cooling box for 30-50 minutes.

[0034] Preferably, the copper in S4 can be drawn into a wire with a diameter of 2.5 mm according to production requirements. 2 Copper core wire: diameter is about 1.78mm, allowing long-term current of 16A~25A, 4mm 2 Copper core wire: diameter is about 2.2mm, allowing long-term current of 25A~32A, 6mm 2 Copper core wire: diameter is about 2.78mm, allowing long-term current of 32A~40A, 10mm 2 Copper core wire: diameter is about 5.3mm, allowing long-term current of 65A, 16mm 2 Copper core wire: diameter is about 8.8mm, the allowable long-term current is 916A, 25mm 2 Copper core wire: The diameter is about 10.4mm, and the allowable long-term current is 1200A.

[0035] Preferably, the drawn monofilament in S5 is annealed at a temperature of 400° C. to 650° C., and the annealing time of the drawn monofilament is 10 to 25 minutes.

[0036] Preferably, the plastic extrusion diameter in S7 is 0.5-5 mm, and the function of the insulating layer is to protect the conductor and prevent current leakage.

[0037] Preferably, the inner sheath in the S9 is usually in two forms: an extruded inner sheath and a wrapped inner sheath. The inner and outer layers can protect the insulated core.

[0038] Preferably, the pressure value of the pressure test in S11 is in the range of 0.6 to 1 kV, and the spark test values are 2.08 mm 2 Up to 5.26mm 2 (14-10AWG): 7.5kV, 8.37mm 2 Up to 33.6mm 2 (8-2AWG): 10.0kV, 42.4mm 2 Up to 107mm 2 (1-4 / 0AWG): 12.5kV, 127mm 2 Up to 253mm 2 (250-500Kcmil): 15.0kV, 279mm 2 Up to 507mm 2 (550-1000Kcmil): 17.5kV, 557mm 2 Up to 1010mm 2 (1100-2000Kcmil):20.0kV.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cables for use in the harsh environment of third-generation nuclear power plants, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. In the present invention, silica gel is added to the rubber solution to increase the toughness and high temperature resistance of the rubber solution. The rubber material whose main chain does not contain double bonds or contains S and O atoms is selected to have good heat resistance. Fluororubber, nitrile rubber, stabilizer, antioxidant and anti-radiation agent are used to perform multiple radiation resistance on the cable. At the same time, radiation cross-linking can increase the cross-linking density of the rubber material, thereby greatly improving the radiation resistance and high temperature resistance of the cable.

[0041] 2. Since the antioxidant of the present invention has anti-cracking performance, adding the antioxidant to the rubber solution can delay or inhibit the aging process of the rubber, perform well in anti-cracking, have good weather resistance, anti-aging and mechanical strength, and extend the service life of the rubber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] See also Figure 1 The preparation method of the radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable for the harsh environment of the third-generation nuclear power plant comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1. Preparation of raw materials: Put the rubber particles into the heating tank for heating and stirring. When the rubber particles are stirred, an appropriate amount of water can be added to mix with the rubber particles. When the rubber particles are stirred into a rubber solution, antioxidants, silica gel, fluororubber, nitrile rubber, stabilizers, antioxidants, plasticizers and anti-radiation agents can be added to the rubber solution in sequence and stirred together. The mass proportion of raw materials is 300-450 parts of rubber particles, 100-200 parts of antioxidants, 200-300 parts of silica gel, 100-200 parts of fluororubber, 50-150 parts of nitrile rubber, 50-80 parts of stabilizers, 30-60 parts of antioxidants, 150-200 parts of plasticizers and 80-150 parts of anti-radiation agents. Anti-aging agents are phenyl-β-naphthylamine, N,N-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine and N-phenyl N′-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine. It has an anti-cracking effect and can delay or inhibit the aging process of rubber. The heating temperature of the rubber particles is 150-200°C, and the heating time of the rubber particles is 30-45 minutes. Since the antioxidant has anti-cracking performance, adding the antioxidant to the rubber solution can delay or inhibit the aging process of the rubber, and performs well in anti-cracking. It has good weather resistance, anti-aging and mechanical strength, and extends the service life of the rubber. When silica gel is added to the rubber solution, it can increase the toughness and high temperature resistance of the rubber solution. The rubber material whose main chain does not contain double bonds or contains S and O atoms has good heat resistance. The cable can be subjected to multiple radiation resistance by using fluororubber, nitrile rubber, stabilizer, antioxidant and anti-radiation agent. At the same time, the crosslinking density of the rubber material can be increased by combining with radiation crosslinking, thereby greatly improving the radiation resistance and high temperature resistance of the cable.

[0046] S2. Cooling: The heated and mixed rubber solution is poured into a cooling mold and placed in a cooling box for cooling. The cooled rubber solution is then put into an extruder for extrusion molding to prepare a cable rubber sleeve. The temperature of the cooling box is maintained at 20-25° C. The cooling mold is placed in the cooling box for 30-50 minutes. The heated and stirred rubber solution is cooled and cooled, so that it is easier to shape the rubber material when it is extruded to prepare the rubber sleeve in the later stage.

[0047] S3. Cable rubber casing cross-linking: The prepared cable rubber casing is subjected to radiation cross-linking. Radiation cross-linking can increase the cross-linking density of the rubber material, improve its heat resistance and mechanical properties, and increase the cross-linking density between multiple materials in the rubber material, thereby improving the copolymerization effect between the multiple materials;

[0048] S4, Wire drawing: The copper raw material is passed through a wire drawing machine and one or more stretching dies to reduce its cross section, increase its length and improve its strength. Copper can be drawn into copper or aluminum in turn according to production needs with a diameter of 2.5mm. 2 Copper core wire: diameter is about 1.78mm, allowing long-term current of 16A~25A, 4mm 2 Copper core wire: diameter is about 2.2mm, allowing long-term current of 25A~32A, 6mm 2 Copper core wire: diameter is about 2.78mm, allowing long-term current of 32A~40A, 10mm 2 Copper core wire: diameter is about 5.3mm, allowing long-term current of 65A, 16mm 2 Copper core wire: diameter is about 8.8mm, the allowable long-term current is 916A, 25mm 2 Copper core wire: The diameter is about 10.4mm, and the long-term current allowed is 1200A. The copper wire required for the cable is placed in the wire drawing machine, and the wire drawing is performed multiple times according to the diameter of the copper wire required by the cable to complete the processing of the copper wire required for cable preparation;

[0049] S5, annealing: heating the drawn monofilament to a certain temperature, improving the toughness of the monofilament by recrystallization, reducing the strength to meet the requirements of the wire and cable for the conductive core, and annealing the drawn monofilament at a temperature of 400°C-650°C for 10-25 minutes. In order to increase the strength of the copper wire, the drawn copper wire can be annealed to improve the strength of the copper wire and prevent breakage;

[0050] S6. Conductor stranding: Multiple single wires are stranded together according to a certain rule to form a conductor. The stranding forms include regular stranding and irregular stranding. The latter is further divided into bundle stranding, concentric stranding, special stranding, etc. After multiple copper wires of the same diameter are drawn, the multiple copper wires can be placed on the stranding machine, so that the stranding machine can strand multiple copper wires;

[0051] S7. Insulation layer extrusion: The plastic is evenly extruded using a screw of a specific shape to form the required insulation layer. The plastic extrusion diameter is 0.5-5mm. The function of the insulation layer is to protect the conductor and prevent current leakage. When the rubber solution cools to a certain degree, the rubber solution can be poured into the screw extruder for extrusion to produce the rubber sleeve required for the cable.

[0052] S8, Cabling: Twisting the insulated wire cores according to certain rules to form a multi-core cable. The purpose of cabling is to meet the multi-core requirements, maintain the stability of the cable structure, increase the cable flexibility and reduce losses;

[0053] S9, Inner Sheath: In order to protect the insulated core from being damaged by the armor, an inner sheath needs to be added outside the insulation layer. The inner sheath is usually in two forms: extruded inner sheath and wrapped inner sheath. The inner and outer layers can protect the insulated core;

[0054] S10, Armor: Steel tape or steel wire armor can be added to the outside of the cable as needed to enhance the mechanical strength and pressure resistance of the cable. A sheath layer is added to the outermost layer of the cable to fix the cable shape and protect the internal structure. By adding steel tape inside the rubber tube, the strength and pressure resistance of the cable can be increased, thereby extending the service life of the cable and preventing leakage or poor current transmission in the later stage of the cable.

[0055] S11. Experiment: After each production process, a pressure test and a spark test are carried out to ensure the quality and safety of the cable. The cable preparation is completed. The pressure value of the pressure test is in the range of 0.6 to 1 kV, and the spark test value is 2.08 mm. 2 Up to 5.26mm 2 (14-10AWG): 7.5kV, 8.37mm 2 Up to 33.6mm 2 (8-2AWG): 10.0kV, 42.4mm 2 Up to 107mm 2 (1-4 / 0AWG): 12.5kV, 127mm 2 Up to 253mm 2 (250-500Kcmil): 15.0kV, 279mm 2 Up to 507mm 2(550-1000Kcmil): 17.5kV, 557mm 2 Up to 1010mm 2 (1100-2000Kcmil): 20.0kV. After the cable is prepared, the performance of the cable is tested through voltage test and spark test to ensure that the cable preparation quality meets the national standards.

[0056] During use, when the rubber particles are stirred, an appropriate amount of water can be added to mix with the rubber particles. When the rubber particles are stirred into a rubber solution, antioxidants, silicone rubber, fluororubber, nitrile rubber, stabilizers, antioxidants, plasticizers and anti-radiation agents can be added to the rubber solution in sequence and stirred together. The heated and mixed rubber solution can be poured into a cooling mold and placed in a cooling box for cooling. The cooled rubber solution is put into an extruder for extrusion molding to prepare a cable rubber sleeve. The copper wire required for the cable is placed in a wire drawing machine and drawn multiple times according to the diameter of the copper wire required for the cable. The copper wire after drawing can be annealed to improve the strength of the copper wire and prevent it from breaking. After multiple copper wires of the same diameter are drawn, the multiple copper wires can be placed on the stranding machine, so that the stranding machine can strand the multiple copper wires, and add an inner protective layer outside the insulation layer. If needed, steel belts or steel wire armor can be added to the outside of the cable, and a sheath layer is added to the outermost layer of the cable to fix the cable shape and protect the internal structure. When the cable is completed, the performance of the cable is tested by voltage resistance test and spark test to ensure that the cable preparation quality meets national standards.

[0057] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable for use in the harsh environment of a third-generation nuclear power plant, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Raw material preparation: Put the rubber particles into the heating tank for heating and stirring. When the rubber particles are stirred, add an appropriate amount of water to mix with the rubber particles. When the rubber particles are stirred into a rubber solution, add an antioxidant, silica gel, fluororubber, nitrile rubber, stabilizer, antioxidant, plasticizer and anti-radiation agent to the rubber solution in sequence and stir and mix together. S2. Cooling: The heated and mixed rubber solution can be poured into a cooling mold and placed in a cooling box for cooling. The cooled rubber solution is then put into an extruder for extrusion molding to prepare a cable rubber sleeve. S3, Cable rubber casing cross-linking: The prepared cable rubber sleeve is subjected to radiation cross-linking, which can increase the cross-linking density of the rubber material and improve its heat resistance and mechanical properties; S4, drawing: The copper raw material is passed through a wire drawing machine and through one or more drawing dies to reduce its cross-section, increase its length and improve its strength; S5, annealing: The drawn monofilament is heated to a certain temperature to increase the toughness of the monofilament by recrystallization and reduce the strength to meet the requirements of the wire and cable for the conductive core; S6. Conductor twisting: Multiple monofilaments are twisted together according to a certain pattern to form a conductor. The twisting forms include regular twisting and irregular twisting, the latter of which is further divided into bundle twisting, concentric twisting, special twisting, etc. S7, insulation layer extrusion: The plastic is evenly extruded using a screw of a specific shape to form the required insulation layer; S8, Cabling: The insulated wire cores are twisted together according to certain rules to form a multi-core cable. The purpose of cabling is to meet the multi-core requirements, maintain the stability of the cable structure, increase the cable flexibility and reduce losses; S9, inner sheath: In order to protect the insulated core from being damaged by the armor, an inner sheath needs to be added outside the insulation layer; S10, Armor: Steel tape or steel wire armor can be added to the cable as needed to enhance the mechanical strength and pressure resistance of the cable, and a sheath layer can be added to the outermost layer of the cable to fix the cable shape and protect the internal structure; S11. Experiment: After each production process, voltage resistance test, spark test, etc. are carried out to ensure the quality and safety of the cable, thus completing the preparation of the cable.

2. The method for preparing the radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable for use in the harsh environment of a third-generation nuclear power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass proportions of the raw materials in S1 are: 300-450 parts of rubber particles, 100-200 parts of antioxidant, 200-300 parts of silica gel, 100-200 parts of fluororubber, 50-150 parts of nitrile rubber, 50-80 parts of stabilizer, 30-60 parts of antioxidant, 150-200 parts of plasticizer and 80-150 parts of anti-radiation agent.

3. The method for preparing the radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable for use in the harsh environment of a third-generation nuclear power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidants in S1 are phenyl-β-naphthylamine, N,N-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine and N-phenyl-N′-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, etc., which have anti-cracking effects and can delay or inhibit the aging process of rubber.

4. The method for preparing a radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable for use in a harsh environment of a third-generation nuclear power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating temperature of the rubber particles in S1 is 150-200° C., and the heating time of the rubber particles is 30-45 minutes.

5. The method for preparing a radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable for use in a harsh environment of a third-generation nuclear power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the cooling box in S2 is maintained at 20-25° C., and the cooling mold is placed in the cooling box for 30-50 minutes.

6. The method for preparing a radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable for use in a harsh environment of a third-generation nuclear power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper in S4 can be drawn into copper or aluminum in sequence according to production requirements to a diameter of 2.5 mm. 2 Copper core wire: diameter is about 1.78mm, allowing long-term current of 16A~25A, 4mm 2 Copper core wire: diameter is about 2.2mm, allowing long-term current of 25A~32A, 6mm 2 Copper core wire: diameter is about 2.78mm, allowing long-term current of 32A~40A, 10mm 2 Copper core wire: diameter is about 5.3mm, allowing long-term current of 65A, 16mm 2 Copper core wire: diameter is about 8.8mm, the allowable long-term current is 916A, 25mm 2 Copper core wire: The diameter is about 10.4mm, and the allowable long-term current is 1200A.

7. The method for preparing a radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable for use in a harsh environment of a third-generation nuclear power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drawn monofilament in S5 is annealed at a temperature of 400° C. to 650° C., and the drawn monofilament is annealed for 10 to 25 minutes.

8. The method for preparing a radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable for use in a harsh environment of a third-generation nuclear power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plastic extrusion diameter in the S7 is 0.5-5 mm, and the function of the insulating layer is to protect the conductor and prevent current leakage.

9. The method for preparing a radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable for use in a harsh environment of a third-generation nuclear power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner sheath in the S9 is usually in two forms: an extruded inner sheath and a wrapped inner sheath. The inner and outer layers can protect the insulated core.

10. The method for preparing a radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable for use in a harsh environment of a third-generation nuclear power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure value of the withstand voltage test in S11 is in the range of 0.6 to 1 kV, and the spark test value is 2.08 mm 2 Up to 5.26mm 2 (14-10AWG): 7.5kV, 8.37mm 2 Up to 33.6mm 2 (8-2AWG): 10.0kV, 42.4mm 2 Up to 107mm 2 (1-4 / 0AWG): 12.5kV, 127mm 2 Up to 253mm 2 (250-500Kcmil): 15.0kV, 279mm 2 Up to 507mm 2 (550-1000Kcmil): 17.5kV, 557mm 2 Up to 1010mm 2 (1100-2000Kcmil):20.0kV.

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