Battery-powered load circuit, fragrance sprayer and load circuit control method

Abstract

The application relates to the field of electronic equipment, and provides a battery-powered load circuit, a fragrance spraying machine and a load circuit control method.The battery-powered load circuit is composed of a battery assembly, a charging switch circuit, a capacitor assembly and a load control circuit; the charging switch circuit is connected with the capacitor assembly according to the terminal voltage input of the capacitor assembly, and the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly is controlled to be turned on or turned off; the capacitor assembly stores the electric energy provided by the battery assembly when the charging circuit is turned on; the electric energy is provided for the work of the load when the charging circuit is turned off; and the electric energy is recovered when the load generates a reverse electromotive force; the load control circuit transmits the electric energy to the load when the input work control signal indicates that the load starts to work, and reversely transmits the reverse electromotive force generated by the load to the capacitor assembly when the input work control signal indicates that the load stops working; and the application is beneficial to improving the endurance of the battery-powered load circuit to the load and prolonging the service life of the battery assembly.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electronic devices, in particular to a battery-powered load circuit, a fragrance spraying machine and a load circuit control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of technology, consumer electronic devices are usually configured with a timing trigger function to periodically work by driving the load with a battery, such as a fragrance spraying machine, a humidifier, etc. The motor is driven to work by the battery at a preset time interval to achieve intermittent spraying. In general, the electronic device directly drives the motor by the battery. However, the current required by the motor at the starting moment is large, and since the internal resistance of the dry battery is relatively high, the terminal voltage will drop sharply when providing a large current, which may cause insufficient starting voltage and the motor cannot start. Moreover, during the process of battery power supply with large current, it will heat up quickly due to the high internal resistance, not only the battery performance will be poor, part of the electric energy will be converted into heat energy, but also it will lead to the waste of electric energy. In addition, under the condition of large current discharge, the voltage of the battery drops sharply, which leads to that most of the electric quantity cannot be discharged, and the effective capacity is far lower than the nominal capacity under the condition of small current discharge, the capacity utilization rate of the battery is very low, the battery needs to be replaced very frequently, which leads to the problem of poor battery endurance in actual application.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of battery driving in the prior art, a boost regulator is used to ensure the voltage output from the battery to the motor, or a capacitor component is connected in parallel between the battery and the load. The capacitor component is charged by the battery, and the super capacitor stores electric energy and discharges to provide instantaneous large current for the load. For example, the patent document with publication number CN214314683U, in the prior art, a switch is arranged in the load and power supply circuit, and the switch is controlled by the controller according to the trigger condition of the controller. When the load works, the battery and the capacitor supply power to the load together. In the prior art, the battery continuously supplies power to the capacitor circuit, which may cause overcharging and leakage of the capacitor, continuous consumption of battery power, and the problem that the electric energy generated by the load cannot be recovered in the case that the load is a motor or the like which can generate back electromotive force. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a battery-powered load circuit, a fragrance spraying machine and a load circuit control method.

[0005] In a first aspect, the application provides a battery-powered load circuit, which is composed of a battery assembly, a charging switch circuit, a capacitor assembly and a load control circuit; the charging switch circuit is controlled on and off according to the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly to control the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly provided by the battery assembly; the capacitor assembly stores the electric energy provided by the battery assembly when the charging circuit is on; provides electric energy for the work of the load when the charging circuit is off; and recovers the electric energy when the load generates a reverse electromotive force; the load control circuit transmits the electric energy to the load when the input work control signal indicates that the load starts to work; and reversely transmits the reverse electromotive force generated by the load to the capacitor assembly when the input work control signal indicates that the load stops working.

[0006] As can be seen from the above, the application utilizes the energy storage advantage of the capacitor assembly to carry electric energy, which can charge the capacitor assembly with low voltage by the battery assembly and discharge the capacitor assembly to provide instantaneous large current for the load, so as to overcome the problem that the high internal resistance of the battery assembly cannot drive the load with large current, improve the endurance of the battery-powered load circuit to the load, and the internal resistance of the capacitor assembly is small, so that the battery assembly can transmit electric energy to the capacitor assembly even if the remaining electric energy is small and the voltage is low, which is beneficial to improve the capacity utilization of the battery assembly and completely consume the electric energy of the battery assembly. In addition, the application utilizes the self-power generation effect of the load, and the capacitor assembly recovers electric energy when the load generates a reverse electromotive force, thereby saving the output of the electric energy of the battery assembly.

[0007] Moreover, the charging switch circuit of the application is controlled on and off according to the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly to control the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly provided by the battery assembly, which is beneficial to avoid overcharging and leakage of the capacitor, thereby saving the consumption of the electric energy of the battery assembly; and the electric energy of the battery assembly is stored in the capacitor when the charging circuit is on, and only the capacitor assembly provides electric energy for the work of the load when the charging circuit is off, so that the charging circuit is not on when the capacitor assembly stores enough electric energy, which is beneficial to reduce the consumption of the electric energy of the battery assembly by the charging circuit.

[0008] The capacitor assembly of the application is directly connected with the load control circuit, which is a circuit design for quick response of the work of the load. On the one hand, the characteristics of low voltage and small current of the battery assembly are utilized, that is, even in the process of charging the capacitor assembly by the battery assembly, the load generates a reverse electromotive force, the battery assembly and the load simultaneously provide power to the capacitor assembly, the current of the battery assembly has little effect on the capacitor assembly, and the capacitor assembly will not be instantaneously impacted by a large current. In addition, since the internal resistance of the capacitor assembly is smaller than the resistance of the battery, more recovered power will be input into the capacitor assembly. Even in the case of the charging switch circuit being in the on state during the recovery process, the circuit is also beneficial to reducing the impact on the battery assembly. Moreover, the capacitor assembly is directly connected with the load control circuit. The capacitor assembly can not only recover power in time when the load generates a reverse electromotive force, but also the load control circuit transmits power based on a work control signal, which is mainly used for transmitting power and can also reduce the power provided to the load and the power generated by the load consumed by complex logic devices, thereby improving the power recovery amount and recovery efficiency and further saving the power consumption of the battery assembly. On the other hand, even if the load starts to work and the voltage of the battery assembly drops during the process of charging the capacitor assembly by the battery assembly, the capacitor assembly can provide voltage in time, and the control circuit operates stably and reliably.

[0009] Further, on the basis of ensuring the stability and reliability of the operation process of the control circuit, only the charging of the capacitor assembly needs to be controlled by the charging switch circuit, without the need to use complex control components or controllers. The overall circuit structure and connection design of the control circuit are simple and low in cost. Moreover, when the capacitor assembly does not need to be charged, the battery assembly is disconnected, and the power of the battery assembly will not be consumed by the circuit. During the operation process of the control circuit, the simple circuit structure and connection and the lack of large-current components can better save the power consumption of electronic devices in the operation process of the control circuit, thereby improving the service life of the battery assembly.

[0010] In summary, the battery-powered load circuit of the application is beneficial to improving the endurance of the load, and the battery-powered load circuit is beneficial to saving the consumption of the power of the battery assembly and improving the service life of the battery assembly.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the charging switch circuit includes a super capacitor terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit and a switch control sub-circuit. The super capacitor terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit inputs the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly and outputs the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly after voltage division to the switch control sub-circuit. The switch control sub-circuit controls the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly by the battery assembly according to the output voltage of the super capacitor terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit.

[0012] From the above, the application adopts the super capacitor terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit to divide and convert the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly, and then provide it to the switch control sub-circuit for on-off control of the charging circuit. The conversion of the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly is realized by a simple voltage dividing method, the circuit processing is simple, and the circuit structure is simplified. Moreover, after dividing by the super capacitor terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit, the switch control sub-circuit can input with a lower voltage. Compared with directly providing the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly with a higher voltage, the selectivity of the device parameters is higher when selecting circuit devices, and the input voltage that can be tolerated by a simple circuit device is usually lower. The low-voltage input is conducive to selecting a relatively simple circuit device to realize the function, and simplifies the circuit structure of the switch control sub-circuit.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the super capacitor terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit is a single-ended voltage dividing sub-circuit with a first voltage dividing ratio. The first voltage dividing sub-circuit outputs a first voltage obtained by dividing the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly by the first voltage dividing ratio to the switch control sub-circuit. When the input first voltage is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, the switch control sub-circuit disconnects the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly from the battery assembly. When the input first voltage is less than the voltage threshold, the switch control sub-circuit connects the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly to the battery assembly.

[0014] From the above, the application divides and processes the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly, inputs it to the switch control sub-circuit, and controls the on-off of the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly from the battery assembly according to the size of the first voltage and the on-off voltage threshold of the switch control circuit. Based on the single-ended voltage dividing sub-circuit for dividing and converting the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly and the on-off characteristics of the device itself in the switch control sub-circuit, the on-off control of the charging circuit is realized. Compared with the design of a fixed reference voltage threshold that needs to maintain a stable voltage, the circuit structure of the application is simple and does not need a complex control chip or module, which is conducive to reducing the additional power consumption of the battery assembly, reducing the circuit cost and power consumption, and further improving the service life of the battery assembly. Moreover, the application does not need complex control logic, and the circuit responds in time.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the super capacitor terminal voltage voltage dividing sub-circuit is a dual-terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit, and the voltage dividing parameters of the dual-terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit include a second voltage dividing ratio and a third voltage dividing ratio, where the second voltage dividing ratio is greater than the third voltage dividing ratio; the switch control sub-circuit, when the output voltage of the dual-terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, disconnects the charging circuit of the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly, and outputs a first feedback voltage to the dual-terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit, so that the voltage dividing parameters of the dual-terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit are switched to the second voltage dividing ratio, and the dual-terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit outputs the input terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly after voltage dividing by the second voltage dividing ratio to the switch control sub-circuit; the switch control sub-circuit, when the output voltage of the dual-terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit is less than the voltage threshold, turns on the charging circuit of the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly, and outputs a second feedback voltage to the dual-terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit, so that the voltage dividing parameters of the dual-terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit are switched to the third voltage dividing ratio, and the dual-terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit outputs the input terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly after voltage dividing by the third voltage dividing ratio to the switch control sub-circuit.

[0016] As can be seen from the above, by setting the super capacitor terminal voltage voltage dividing sub-circuit as a dual-terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit with two voltage dividing ratios, and by switching the voltage dividing parameters of the dual-terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit in cooperation with the fixed voltage threshold of the charging switch circuit, the threshold of the on-off control of the switch control sub-circuit to the charging circuit of the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly is different, preventing the frequent switching of the on-off control of the switch control sub-circuit caused by the fluctuation of the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly, and improving the robustness and stability of the load circuit. Moreover, in the present application, the dual-terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit inputs the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly after voltage dividing at a lower voltage to the switch control sub-circuit, compared with directly providing the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly with a higher voltage, the selectivity of the device parameters is higher when selecting circuit devices, and the input voltage that can be withstood by a simple circuit device is usually lower, and the low-voltage input is conducive to selecting a relatively simple circuit device to achieve the function, simplifying the circuit structure of the switch control sub-circuit.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the single-ended voltage division sub-circuit includes a first resistor and a second resistor connected in series, and the first voltage is output from a connection point of the first resistor and the second resistor; the switch control sub-circuit includes an input control device and a charging circuit control device, a feedback end of the input control device is connected with the battery assembly and the charging circuit control device, the charging circuit control device is arranged on a charging circuit of the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly, and the charging circuit control device is controlled to be turned on or turned off according to a voltage of the input feedback end; when the first voltage input by the input control device is greater than or equal to a voltage threshold, the input control device is switched to a conduction state, so that the voltage of the feedback end is switched to a first feedback voltage, the first feedback voltage input by the charging circuit control device is less than a conduction voltage of the charging circuit control device, and the charging circuit control device disconnects the charging circuit of the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly; when the first voltage input by the input control device is less than the voltage threshold, the input control device is switched to a disconnection state, so that the voltage of the feedback end is switched to a second feedback voltage, the second feedback voltage input by the charging circuit control device is greater than or equal to the conduction voltage of the charging circuit control device, and the charging circuit control device turns on the charging circuit of the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly.

[0018] As can be seen from the above, the application realizes the switch control sub-circuit through the cooperation of the single-ended voltage division sub-circuit composed of the voltage division resistors and the switch control sub-circuit including the input control device and the charging circuit control device, so as to realize voltage division conversion by using simple circuit devices and circuit structures (two voltage division resistors), avoid the power consumption caused by relatively complex voltage conversion devices or circuits composed of more circuit devices, and be beneficial to better saving the power consumption of the load circuit. Moreover, the on-off characteristics of the input control device and the charging circuit control device are matched to realize the on-off control of the switch control sub-circuit on the charging circuit of the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly, compared with the control by using the reference voltage as the threshold, the application is realized by using a simple, low-cost and low-power circuit structure, without the need of a control chip or a high-power circuit such as a voltage stabilizing module, and the battery assembly does not need to be continuously powered, which is beneficial to saving the power consumption of the battery assembly and further improving the service life of the battery assembly.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the double-ended voltage dividing sub-circuit includes a resistor sub-circuit and a switching device, the switching control sub-circuit includes an input control device and a charging circuit control device, a feedback end of the input control device is connected with the battery assembly, the charging circuit control device and the switching device, the charging circuit control device is arranged on a charging circuit of the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly, and the charging circuit control device is controlled to be on or off according to a voltage input at the feedback end; the switching device is controlled to switch the voltage dividing parameters of the resistor sub-circuit to the second voltage dividing ratio and the third voltage dividing ratio according to the voltage input at the feedback end of the input control device; when the output voltage of the resistor sub-circuit is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, the input control device is switched to the on state, the voltage at the feedback end is switched to the first feedback voltage, the first feedback voltage input to the charging circuit control device is less than the on voltage of the charging circuit control device, the charging circuit control device disconnects the charging circuit of the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly, the switching device is switched to the first on-off state according to the first feedback voltage input, the voltage dividing parameters of the resistor sub-circuit are switched to the second voltage dividing ratio, and the resistor sub-circuit outputs the input terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly to the input control device after voltage dividing by the second voltage dividing ratio; when the output voltage of the resistor sub-circuit is less than the voltage threshold, the input control device is switched to the on state, the voltage at the feedback end is switched to the second feedback voltage, the second feedback voltage input to the charging circuit control device is greater than or equal to the on voltage of the charging circuit control device, the charging circuit control device turns on the charging circuit of the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly, the switching device is switched to the second on-off state according to the second feedback voltage input, the second on-off state is opposite to the first on-off state, the voltage dividing parameters of the resistor sub-circuit are switched to the third voltage dividing ratio, and the resistor sub-circuit outputs the input terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly to the input control device after voltage dividing by the third voltage dividing ratio.

[0020] As can be seen from the above, the double threshold value implementation of the switch control sub-circuit to the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly by the battery assembly is realized based on a double-ended voltage division sub-circuit composed of resistors and switch devices and a switch control sub-circuit including input control devices and charging circuit control devices, wherein the double-ended voltage division sub-circuit capable of switching voltage division parameters (switching of the second voltage division ratio and the third voltage division ratio) is realized by four voltage division resistors and simple switch devices, the switching of the voltage parameters is realized with fewer devices and a simplified circuit structure, the switching of different voltage division parameters can be realized without introducing complex logic devices, the power consumption caused by too many devices is reduced, and the on-off characteristics of the input control devices, the charging circuit control devices and the switch devices are cooperated to realize the on-off control of the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly by the battery assembly and the switching of the first voltage division ratio and the second voltage division ratio of the double-ended voltage division sub-circuit in different on-off states, the complex functions of the double threshold value control are realized by the simple circuit structures of the sub-circuits, the circuit structure cost is low, the circuit structure is simple, and the power consumption of the circuit to the battery assembly is further reduced, and the service life of the battery assembly is improved.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the switch control sub-circuit includes a diode arranged on the charging circuit, the diode is turned on to the power provided by the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly and is turned off to the power of the reverse electromotive force.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the capacitor assembly is composed of one capacitor or a plurality of parallel capacitors, and in the case that the capacitor assembly is composed of a plurality of parallel capacitors, the parameters of the plurality of parallel capacitors are the same.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the load control circuit includes an H-bridge circuit, the H-bridge circuit is used to transmit the power to the load when the input working control signal indicates that the load starts to work, and the H-bridge circuit is used to reversely transmit the power of the reverse electromotive force generated by the load to the capacitor assembly when the input working control signal indicates that the load stops working; wherein the H-bridge circuit is composed of four MOS transistors.

[0024] In the second aspect, the application provides a fragrance spraying machine, which includes the battery-powered load circuit and a motor, the battery-powered load circuit drives the motor to work, and the working of the motor causes the liquid in the fragrance spraying machine to be sprayed out.

[0025] Thirdly, this application provides a load circuit control method for a battery-powered load circuit, which comprises a battery assembly, a charging switch circuit, a capacitor assembly, and a load control circuit. The load circuit control method includes: the charging switch circuit controlling the on / off state of the charging circuit from the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly based on the terminal voltage input of the capacitor assembly; wherein, when the charging circuit is on, the capacitor assembly stores the electrical energy provided by the battery assembly, and when the charging circuit is off, the capacitor assembly provides electrical energy for the operation of the load; the load control circuit receives an operation control signal and transmits electrical energy to the load when the operation control signal indicates that the load should start working; the load control circuit receives an operation control signal and, when the operation control signal indicates that the load should stop working, transmits the electrical energy generated by the reverse electromotive force of the load in reverse to the capacitor assembly, and recovers electrical energy through the capacitor assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a battery-powered load circuit provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of another battery-powered load circuit provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the load control circuit provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the battery-powered load circuit provided in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the charging switch circuit provided in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of the battery-powered load circuit provided in Embodiment 3 of this application;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the charging switch circuit provided in Embodiment 3 of this application;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a block diagram of the fragrance sprayer provided in Embodiment 4 of this application;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic flowchart of the load circuit control method provided in Embodiment 5 of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1As shown, the block schematic diagram of the battery-powered load circuit of the embodiment of the present application is composed of a battery assembly 110, a charging switch circuit 120, a capacitor assembly 130 and a load control circuit 140. The battery assembly 110 is connected to the first end of the charging switch circuit 120, the load control circuit 140 and the capacitor assembly 130 are connected in parallel to the second end of the charging switch circuit 120, and the above circuits are all grounded, thus omitted. The charging switch circuit 120 controls the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly 130 provided by the battery assembly 110 according to the input of the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly 130; the capacitor assembly 130 stores the power provided by the battery assembly 110 when the charging circuit is turned on, provides power for the work of the load when the charging circuit is turned off, and recovers the power when the load generates a reverse electromotive force; the load control circuit 140 transmits the power to the load when the input work control signal indicates that the load (not shown in the figure) starts to work, and transmits the power generated by the load when the input work control signal indicates that the load stops working.

[0036] Specifically, the charging switch circuit 120 controls the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly 130 provided by the battery assembly 110 according to the input of the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly 130. When the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly 130 is lower than the charging control threshold, the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly 130 provided by the battery assembly 110 is turned on, and the battery assembly 110 starts to charge the capacitor assembly 130. When the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly 130 is higher than the power-off control threshold, the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly 130 provided by the battery assembly 110 is turned off, and the battery assembly 110 stops charging the capacitor assembly 130.

[0037] Wherein, the charging control threshold and the power-off control threshold can be the same or different, which will be introduced in detail below.

[0038] It should be noted that when the charging circuit 120 is turned on, if the input work control signal of the load control circuit 140 indicates that the load (not shown in the figure) starts to work, at this time the battery assembly 110 provides charging power for the capacitor assembly 130, and also provides power for the work of the load.

[0039] The load in this embodiment of the present application is a repeatedly started load type, such as a motor, etc. The load control circuit 140 transmits the power to the load when the input work control signal indicates that the load starts to work, so that the load works, and each time the load stops power supply after starting, has a self-power generation effect, generates a reverse electromotive force, for example, a motor is passively rotated, and a reverse electromotive force is generated when it is suddenly stopped, etc. That is, when the input work control signal of the load control circuit 140 indicates that the load stops working, the load will generate a reverse electromotive force.

[0040] The battery assembly 110 in the embodiment of the present application is a low-voltage dry battery or lithium battery, for example, a 3.6-volt dry battery or lithium battery, for example, a 5-volt dry battery or lithium battery, for example, a 12-volt dry battery or lithium battery, and the like. In the application scenario of the electronic product powered by low voltage, the product function is generally simple, the circuit structure needs to be as simple as possible on the basis of realizing the function, the power is saved, and the frequent replacement of the battery assembly is avoided. The battery-powered load circuit of the embodiment of the present application is particularly suitable for such a low-voltage power supply scenario.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present application, the charging switch circuit 120 can control the on-off of the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly 130 based on the voltage after the voltage of the capacitor assembly 130 is converted by voltage division. Specifically, referring to Figure 2 The block diagram of another battery-powered load circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 2. The charging switch circuit 120 can include a super capacitor terminal voltage voltage division sub-circuit 121 and a switch control sub-circuit 122. The super capacitor terminal voltage voltage division sub-circuit 121 inputs the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly 130 and outputs the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly 130 after voltage division to the switch control sub-circuit 122. The switch control sub-circuit 122 controls the on-off of the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly 130 by the battery assembly 110 according to the output voltage of the super capacitor terminal voltage voltage division sub-circuit 121.

[0042] Specifically, the switch control sub-circuit 122 controls the on-off of the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly 130 by the battery assembly 110 according to the relationship between the output voltage of the super capacitor terminal voltage voltage division sub-circuit 121 and the voltage threshold of the switch control sub-circuit 122. When the output voltage of the super capacitor terminal voltage voltage division sub-circuit 121 is greater than the voltage threshold of the switch control sub-circuit 122, the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly by the battery assembly is disconnected. When the output voltage of the super capacitor terminal voltage voltage division sub-circuit 121 is less than the voltage threshold of the switch control sub-circuit 122, the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly by the battery assembly is turned on.

[0043] The voltage division parameters of the super capacitor terminal voltage voltage division sub-circuit 121 are determined based on the voltage threshold of the switch control sub-circuit 122 and the charging control threshold and the power-off control threshold of the charging switch circuit 120. The specific determination is described below.

[0044] In this embodiment of the present application, the end voltage of the capacitor assembly is divided and converted by the super capacitor end voltage dividing sub-circuit, and then provided to the switch control sub-circuit for on-off control of the charging circuit. After being divided by the super capacitor end voltage dividing sub-circuit, a lower voltage can be input to the switch control sub-circuit, compared with directly providing the end voltage of the capacitor assembly with a higher voltage. The selectivity of the device parameters is more when selecting circuit devices for the switch control sub-circuit, and the input voltage that can be tolerated by a simple circuit device is lower. The lower input voltage is conducive to selecting a simpler circuit device to achieve the function, and simplifies the circuit structure of the switch control sub-circuit.

[0045] Preferably, the load control circuit 140 in the first embodiment of the present application comprises an H-bridge circuit, as shown in FIG. 1. Figure 3 The load control circuit 140 in this embodiment of the present application comprises an H-bridge circuit. When the input working control signal indicates that the load starts to work, the H-bridge circuit transmits electric energy to the load. When the input working control signal indicates that the load stops working, the H-bridge circuit transmits the reverse electromotive force generated by the load. The working control signal indicating that the load stops working can be in the form of stopping transmission of electric energy to the load and allowing the load to naturally slow down. The working control signal indicating that the load stops working can also be in the form of stopping transmission of electric energy to the load and emergency braking (i.e., emergency stop). The H-bridge circuit is composed of four MOS transistors Q4, Q5, Q8 and Q9.

[0046] Taking a DC motor as an example, the two terminals (M+ and M-) of the DC motor are connected to the midpoints of the H-bridge (the connection point of the drain of Q4 and the drain of Q8, and the connection point of the drain of Q5 and the drain of Q9), and the H-bridge circuit is used to control the forward rotation, reverse rotation and stop of the DC motor.

[0047] When the input working control signal indicates that the DC motor starts to work, the H-bridge circuit transmits electric energy to the motor.

[0048] Specifically, when the working control signal indicates that the DC motor rotates forward (i.e., MOTOR and MOTOR3 change from low level to high level), MOS transistors Q4 and Q9 are turned on, and MOS transistors Q5 and Q8 are turned off. In this case, the state of the two terminals (M+ and M-) of the DC motor is that M+ is at high potential and M- is at low potential. The current flows into the DC motor from M+ and flows out of the DC motor from M-.

[0049] When the working control signal indicates that the DC motor rotates reversely (i.e., MOTOR1 and MOTOR2 change from low level to high level), MOS transistors Q5 and Q8 are turned on, and MOS transistors Q4 and Q9 are turned off. In this case, the state of the two terminals (M+ and M-) of the DC motor is that M+ is at low potential and M- is at high potential. The current flows into the DC motor from M- and flows out of the DC motor from M+.

[0050] When the input work control signal indicates that the DC motor stops working, a rectifier bridge is formed by the body Zener diode of the MOS tube in the H-bridge circuit, and the electric energy is transmitted to the capacitor assembly 130 to charge the capacitor assembly 130.

[0051] Specifically, when the DC motor stops working (i.e., decelerates or brakes) (i.e., MOTOR and MOTOR3 change from high level to low level, or MOTOR1 and MOTOR2 change from high level to low level), the rotor inertia makes the DC motor become a generator, and a reverse electromotive force (i.e., voltage polarity reversal) is generated at both ends (M+ and M-) of the DC motor.

[0052] If the initial state of the DC motor is that M+ is high and M- is low, when the DC motor decelerates or brakes, the polarity is reversed, M- becomes high, and M+ becomes low; the positive current flows from the high M- to the positive pole of the capacitor assembly 130 through the body Zener diode of the MOS tube Q5, and the negative current flows from the low M+ to the negative pole of the capacitor assembly 130 through the body Zener diode of the MOS tube Q8, forming a closed loop.

[0053] If the initial state of the DC motor is that M- is high and M+ is low, when the DC motor decelerates or brakes, the polarity is reversed, M+ becomes high, and M- becomes low; the positive current flows from the high M+ to the positive pole of the capacitor assembly 130 through the body Zener diode of the MOS tube Q4, and the negative current flows from the low M- to the negative pole of the capacitor assembly 130 through the body Zener diode of the MOS tube Q9, forming a closed loop.

[0054] In this embodiment, the reverse electromotive force generated by the MOS tube body Zener diode is used as a discharge path for the reverse electromotive force, which avoids overvoltage breakdown of the MOS tube when the work control signal indicates that the load stops working, and can reversely transmit the electric energy of the reverse electromotive force generated by the load to the capacitor assembly 130, which is beneficial to saving the power consumption of the load circuit.

[0055] Preferably, the switch control sub-circuit 122 in the embodiment can further include a diode arranged on the charging circuit, the diode conducts the electric energy provided by the capacitor assembly 130 to the battery assembly 110 and cuts off the transmission of the electric energy of the reverse electromotive force to the battery assembly 110. The diode can prevent the reverse electromotive force generated by the load from impacting the battery assembly 110, and the current cannot flow to the battery assembly 110, which is beneficial to the capacitor assembly 130 to recover more electric energy of the reverse electromotive force generated by the load, and improves the recycling rate of the load circuit.

[0056] The capacitor assembly 130 in the embodiment one of the application can be composed of one capacitor or a plurality of parallel capacitors. In the case that the capacitor assembly 130 is composed of a plurality of parallel capacitors, the parameters of the plurality of parallel capacitors are the same. The number of the specific capacitor assembly can be determined according to the required current and voltage of the load. When the required driving voltage of the load is small, the capacitor assembly 130 is composed of one capacitor, which can reduce the accumulation of electronic devices and simplify the circuit structure. If the required driving voltage of the load is large, the parameters of the required capacitor assembly 130 will be large, and the capacitor assembly 130 composed of a plurality of parallel capacitors can provide a higher upper limit of voltage, which can solve the problem that the capacitor assembly 130 composed of one capacitor cannot meet the voltage requirement. In addition, when the capacitor assembly 130 is composed of a plurality of parallel capacitors, if one of the capacitors fails, the other capacitors can still work, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the entire load circuit.

[0057] In the embodiment one of the application, the energy storage advantage of the capacitor assembly is utilized to carry electric quantity, the battery assembly can charge the capacitor assembly at a low voltage, and the capacitor assembly can discharge to provide a large instantaneous current for the load, which overcomes the problem that the high internal resistance of the battery assembly cannot drive the load at a large current, improves the endurance of the battery-powered load circuit to the load, and the internal resistance of the capacitor assembly is small. Even if the battery assembly has a small amount of remaining power and a low voltage, it can also deliver power to the capacitor assembly, which is beneficial to improve the capacity utilization of the battery assembly and completely consume the power of the battery assembly. In addition, the application utilizes the self-power generation effect of the load, and the capacitor assembly recovers power when the load generates a reverse electromotive force, which saves the output of the battery assembly.

[0058] Further, the charging switch circuit controls the charging circuit of the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly according to the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly, controls the charging of the capacitor assembly in time based on the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly, avoids overcharging or overdischarging of the capacitor assembly, causes problems such as leakage and damage of the capacitor assembly, and can also cut off the charging circuit of the battery assembly in time, which is beneficial to save the power consumption of the components in the charging switch circuit to the battery assembly. Moreover, the load control circuit 140 only conducts to transmit power to the load when the input working control signal indicates that the load starts to work (i.e. when the load needs to work), which is beneficial to manage the power supply to the load and reduce the power consumption of the load and the load control circuit. In addition, the load control circuit 140 transmits the reverse electromotive force generated by the load when the input working control signal indicates that the load stops working, and the capacitor assembly can recover power at any time when the load generates a reverse electromotive force, which reduces the power consumption of the battery assembly.

[0059] The on-off control of the charging circuit and the load operation control are controlled respectively, the on-off control of the charging circuit is only based on the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly, the capacitor assembly is turned on only when it needs to be charged, the charging of the capacitor assembly and the load operation control do not interfere with each other, the load can be supplied with power in time, the capacitor assembly can be charged in time and the power can be recovered when the counter electromotive force of the load is generated, which is beneficial to prevent the problem of overcharging and overdischarging of the capacitor assembly, and is also beneficial to reduce the waste of the counter electromotive force generated by the load, thereby saving the power of the battery assembly.

[0060] Further, in the embodiment of the application, the charging control threshold and the power-off control threshold can be the same, specifically, the voltage threshold of the switch control subcircuit 122 is a fixed value, and the super capacitor terminal voltage dividing subcircuit 121 can be a single-ended voltage dividing subcircuit with a first voltage dividing ratio. By the cooperation of the fixed voltage threshold and the voltage dividing parameters of the super capacitor terminal voltage dividing subcircuit 121, the charging control threshold and the power-off control threshold are the same, and then the single-threshold on-off control of the charging circuit of the battery assembly 110 to the capacitor assembly 130 is realized. The charging control threshold and the power-off control threshold can also be different, specifically, the voltage threshold of the switch control subcircuit 122 is a fixed value, and the super capacitor terminal voltage dividing subcircuit 121 can be a double-ended voltage dividing subcircuit with two voltage dividing ratios (a second voltage dividing ratio and a third voltage dividing ratio). The voltage dividing parameters of the super capacitor terminal voltage dividing subcircuit 121 can be switched between the second voltage dividing ratio and the third voltage dividing ratio based on the feedback of the switch control subcircuit 122. By setting the super capacitor terminal voltage dividing subcircuit 121 with switchable different voltage dividing parameters and the switch control subcircuit 122, the charging control threshold and the power-off control threshold are different, and then the double-threshold on-off control of the charging circuit of the battery assembly 110 to the capacitor assembly 130 is realized.

[0061] Next, the case where the charging switch circuit realizes single-threshold on-off control of the charging circuit of the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly, i.e., the charging control threshold and the power-off control threshold are the same, in the second embodiment of the application will be described:

[0062] Specifically, referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 4 In the second embodiment of the application, the battery-powered load circuit 100a is composed of a battery assembly 110a, a charging switch circuit 120a, a capacitor assembly 130a and a load control circuit 140a. In this embodiment of the application, the charging switch circuit 120a is mainly described, and the related introduction of other circuit parts can be referred to the first embodiment of the application, which will not be described here.

[0063] In the case that the voltage dividing sub-circuit of the super capacitor end voltage is the single-ended voltage dividing sub-circuit 121a with the first voltage dividing ratio, the first voltage after the end voltage of the capacitor assembly 130a is divided by the first voltage dividing ratio is output to the switch control sub-circuit 122a; when the input first voltage is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold of the switch control sub-circuit 122a, the switch control sub-circuit 122a disconnects the charging circuit of the battery assembly 110a to the capacitor assembly 130a; when the input first voltage is less than the voltage threshold, the switch control sub-circuit 122a turns on the charging circuit of the battery assembly 110a to the capacitor assembly 130a.

[0064] When the first voltage is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold (it can be understood that the end voltage of the capacitor assembly 130a is greater than or equal to the power-off control threshold), the charging circuit is in the disconnected state, and as the capacitor assembly 130a discharges, the first voltage input to the switch control sub-circuit 122a will float and decrease; when the first voltage decreases to less than the voltage threshold (it can be understood that the end voltage of the capacitor assembly 130a is less than the charging control threshold), it indicates that the voltage of the capacitor assembly 130a is insufficient, and the switch control sub-circuit 122a turns on the charging circuit of the battery assembly 110a to the capacitor assembly 130a, and the battery assembly 110a charges the capacitor assembly 130a; as the stored energy of the capacitor assembly 130a rises, the first voltage rises accordingly; when the first voltage rises to greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, it indicates that the capacitor assembly 130a is fully charged, and at this time the switch control sub-circuit 122a disconnects the charging circuit of the battery assembly 110a to the capacitor assembly 130a.

[0065] In the second embodiment of the present application, the first voltage dividing ratio depends on the voltage threshold of the switch control sub-circuit 122a and the charging control threshold / power-off control threshold of the charging switch circuit 120a; for example, the charging control threshold / power-off control threshold of the capacitor assembly 130a is set to 2.5 volts, the voltage threshold of the switch control sub-circuit 122a is 0.45 volts, and the first voltage dividing ratio is set to 0.18; the first voltage dividing ratio can be set according to actual needs.

[0066] Specifically, referring to FIG. 2, the charging switch circuit 120a includes a single-ended voltage dividing sub-circuit 121a and a switch control sub-circuit 122a. Figure 5 In this embodiment, the capacitor assembly 130a is composed of a capacitor C2, and the charging switch circuit 120a includes a single-ended voltage dividing sub-circuit 121a and a switch control sub-circuit 122a; the single-ended voltage dividing sub-circuit 121a includes a first resistor R3 and a second resistor R4 connected in series, and the first voltage is output from the connection point of the first resistor R3 and the second resistor R4, the first voltage dividing ratio K1 is R4 / (R3+R4), and the first voltage is the product of the end voltage of the capacitor C2 and the first voltage dividing ratio.

[0067] The first voltage division ratio of the single-ended voltage division sub-circuit 121a can be changed by adjusting the resistance values of the first resistor R3 and the second resistor R4. In the second embodiment of the present application, the single-ended voltage division sub-circuit 121a is implemented by the first resistor R3 and the second resistor R4. The voltage division conversion is implemented by simple circuit devices and circuit structure (two voltage division resistors), avoiding the power consumption caused by complex voltage conversion devices or more circuit devices, and being beneficial to better saving the power consumption of the load circuit.

[0068] Further, the switch control sub-circuit includes an input control device and a charging circuit control device. The feedback end of the input control device is connected with the battery assembly and the charging circuit control device. The charging circuit control device is arranged on the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly from the battery assembly. The charging circuit control device is controlled to be turned on or turned off according to the feedback voltage of the input feedback end.

[0069] Specifically, in the second embodiment of the present application, the input control device can be a triode Q3, which is an NPN type. The charging circuit control device includes a MOS tube Q1 and a MOS tube Q2. The MOS tube Q1 and the MOS tube Q2 are arranged on the charging circuit of the capacitor C2 from the battery assembly. The collector of the triode Q3 (i.e. the feedback end of the input control device) is connected with the battery assembly 110a through the resistor R1. The collector of the triode Q3 is connected with the gate of the MOS tube Q2. The MOS tube Q1 and the MOS tube Q2 control the on-off state of the charging circuit based on the voltage at the collector of the triode Q3 (i.e. the feedback voltage). The voltage threshold of the switch control sub-circuit 122a is the on voltage of the triode Q3.

[0070] The first voltage is input from the base of the transistor Q3. When the first voltage is greater than or equal to the on voltage of the transistor Q3, the transistor Q3 switches to the on state, the collector of the transistor Q3 is grounded, and the feedback voltage of the collector of the transistor Q3 is 0 volt (i.e., the first feedback voltage). At this time, the gate voltage of the MOS tube Q2 is low and less than the on voltage of the MOS tube Q2, the MOS tube Q2 switches to the off state, the gate voltage of the MOS tube Q1 is the voltage of the battery assembly 110 after being divided by the resistor R2, at this time, the MOS tube Q1 switches to the off state, and the charging circuit control device disconnects the charging circuit of the battery assembly 110a to the capacitor C2; as the capacitor C2 discharges, the terminal voltage of the capacitor C2 gradually decreases, and the first voltage also decreases accordingly. When the first voltage is less than the on voltage of the transistor Q3, the transistor Q3 switches to the off state, at this time, the voltage of the collector of the transistor Q3 is the voltage of the battery assembly 110a after being divided by the resistor R1 (i.e., the second feedback voltage), the voltage is relatively high, the second feedback voltage is greater than or equal to the on voltage of the MOS tube Q2, the MOS tube Q2 switches to the on state, the gate of the MOS tube Q1 is grounded, at this time, the MOS tube Q1 switches to the on state, the charging circuit control device connects the charging circuit of the battery assembly 110a to the capacitor C2, and the battery assembly 110a provides charging power to the capacitor C2; as the capacitor C2 charges, the terminal voltage of the capacitor C2 gradually increases, and the first voltage also increases accordingly. When the first voltage is greater than or equal to the on voltage of the transistor Q3, the transistor Q3 switches to the on state, the voltage of the collector of the transistor Q3 switches to the first feedback voltage, and the charging circuit control device disconnects the charging circuit of the battery assembly 110a to the capacitor C2.

[0071] In the charging switch control sub-circuit 122a in the second embodiment of the present application, a simple switching device is used to form the control and feedback of the voltage in the circuit to realize the on-off control of the charging circuit. The circuit structure of the charging switch control sub-circuit 122a is simple, and the voltage input into the charging switch control sub-circuit 122a after voltage division is a low voltage. Therefore, a switching device with low voltage characteristics can be used, which is conducive to reducing the energy consumption of the load circuit.

[0072] In the second embodiment of the present application, the input control device is an NPN type transistor Q3. Preferably, a switching device with low on voltage parameters is used, such as a transistor with an on voltage of 0.45 volt. The voltage drop of the switching device with low on voltage parameters is small when it is on, which is conducive to reducing the energy consumption of the circuit and driving control with low voltage, which is conducive to simplifying the circuit and further reducing the energy consumption of the load circuit. Alternatively, in other embodiments of the present application, the input control device can also be other types of switching devices, such as MOS tubes and PNP type transistors. The type and parameters of the switching device are designed according to the circuit requirements.

[0073] In the second embodiment of the present application, the charging circuit control device includes MOS tube Q1 and MOS tube Q2, and the charging circuit control device can also be composed of other types of switching devices. The type, parameters and number of the switching devices are specifically set according to requirements.

[0074] In the second embodiment of the present application, the charging switch circuit is realized by the single-ended voltage division subcircuit composed of the voltage division resistor and the switch control subcircuit including the switching device. The on-off control of the switch control subcircuit on the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly by the battery assembly is realized by using the conduction characteristics of the switching device. Compared with the control by using the reference voltage as the threshold value, the present application is realized by a simple, low-cost and low-power circuit structure, without the need of a control chip or a high-power voltage stabilizing module, and the battery assembly does not need to be continuously powered, which is beneficial to saving the power consumption of the battery assembly and further improving the service life of the battery assembly.

[0075] ‌ In the following, the case where the charging switch circuit realizes the double-threshold on-off control of the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly by the battery assembly, i.e., the charging control threshold value and the power-off control threshold value are not the same, is described in the third embodiment of the present application.

[0076] Referring to the accompanying Figure 6 In the battery-powered load circuit 100b in the third embodiment of the present application, the battery assembly 110b, the charging switch circuit 120b, the capacitor assembly 130b and the load control circuit 140b are composed. In the third embodiment of the present application, the case of the charging switch circuit 120b is mainly described, and the related introduction of other circuit parts can be referred to the first embodiment of the present application, which will not be described here. Specifically, in the case of the super capacitor terminal voltage division subcircuit being the double-ended voltage division subcircuit 121b with two voltage division ratios, the charging switch circuit 120b can further include the double-ended voltage division subcircuit 121b and the switch control subcircuit 122b.

[0077] When the output voltage of the double-ended voltage division subcircuit 121b is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold value, the switch control subcircuit 122b disconnects the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly 130b by the battery assembly 110b, and outputs the first feedback voltage to the double-ended voltage division subcircuit 121b, so that the voltage division parameter of the double-ended voltage division subcircuit 121b is switched to the second voltage division ratio. The double-ended voltage division subcircuit 121b outputs the input terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly 130b to the switch control subcircuit after voltage division by the second voltage division ratio. When the output voltage of the double-ended voltage division subcircuit 121b is less than the voltage threshold value, the switch control subcircuit 122b turns on the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly 130b by the battery assembly 110b, and outputs the second feedback voltage to the double-ended voltage division subcircuit 121b, so that the voltage division parameter of the double-ended voltage division subcircuit 121b is switched to the third voltage division ratio. The double-ended voltage division subcircuit 121b outputs the input terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly 130b to the switch control subcircuit 122b after voltage division by the third voltage division ratio.

[0078] In the third embodiment of the present application, the second voltage division ratio depends on the voltage threshold of the switch control sub-circuit 122b and the power-off control threshold of the charging switch circuit 120b, and the third voltage division ratio depends on the voltage threshold of the switch control sub-circuit 122b and the charging control threshold of the charging switch circuit 120b. For example, when the voltage drop of the capacitor assembly 130 is 2.3 volts to turn on the charging circuit, i.e., the charging control threshold is set to 2.3 volts, the voltage of the capacitor assembly 130b is 2.7 volts to turn off the charging circuit, i.e., the power-off control threshold is set to 2.7 volts, and the voltage threshold of the switch control sub-circuit 122b is 0.45 volts, then the second voltage division ratio is set to 0.45 / 2.3, and the third voltage division ratio is set to 0.45 / 2.7. Here, no limitation is made, and the specific setting can be made according to actual needs.

[0079] In the third embodiment of the present application, the double-threshold on-off control of the charging switch circuit 120b on the charging circuit is set to prevent the frequent switching of the on-off control of the switch control sub-circuit caused by the voltage fluctuation of the capacitor assembly, and to improve the robustness and stability of the load circuit.

[0080] In the third embodiment of the present application, the second voltage division ratio and the third voltage division ratio should be designed considering the range of the start of charging and the stop of charging of the capacitor assembly 130. When the range of the start of charging and the stop of charging of the capacitor assembly 130b is set too large, the charging time of the capacitor assembly 130b is not timely, the charging time is long, and the possibility of the situation that the capacitor assembly 130b is still charging when the load control circuit 140b indicates the load to start working according to the input working control signal is high. When the range of the start of charging and the stop of charging of the capacitor assembly 130b is set too narrow, the switch control sub-circuit 122b may frequently switch the on-off state of the charging circuit. In the third embodiment of the present application, the charging control threshold of the capacitor assembly 130b is greater than the minimum load driving, and the power-off control threshold is less than or equal to the nominal voltage of the capacitor assembly 130b, which is beneficial to ensure the stability of the load driving. Even if the remaining power of the battery assembly is low, the capacitor assembly can also drive the load, and before the power of the battery assembly is exhausted, the load can be ensured to be driven, the power of the battery assembly can be more effectively exhausted, and moreover, the reasonable power-off control threshold can avoid overcharging and leakage of the capacitor assembly, and avoid the waste of the power of the load circuit. Preferably, in the third embodiment of the present application, taking 2 volts as the load driving voltage, and taking 2.7 volts as the nominal voltage of the capacitor assembly 130b, the power-off control threshold is set to 2.55 volts, and the charging control threshold is set to 2.35 volts.

[0081] Specifically, referring to FIG. 4, the load control circuit 140b includes a switch control sub-circuit 122b, a charging switch circuit 120b, and a capacitor assembly 130b. Figure 7In this embodiment, the charging switch circuit 120b includes a double-ended voltage division sub-circuit 121b and a switch control sub-circuit 122b. The double-ended voltage division sub-circuit 121b can include a resistor sub-circuit and a switch device. The switch control sub-circuit 122b can include an input control device and a charging circuit control device. The feedback end of the input control device is connected to the battery assembly, the charging circuit control device, and the switch device. The charging circuit control device is arranged on the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly from the battery assembly. The charging circuit control device controls the on-off state according to the voltage input from the feedback end. The switch device switches the second voltage division ratio and the third voltage division ratio of the resistor sub-circuit according to the feedback voltage input from the feedback end of the input control device.

[0082] Specifically, in this embodiment, the capacitor assembly 130b is composed of a capacitor C2'. The input control device is a triode Q3', which is an NPN type. The charging circuit control device includes MOS tubes Q1' and Q2'. The MOS tubes Q1' and Q2' are arranged on the charging circuit of the capacitor C2' from the battery assembly. The collector of the triode Q3' (i.e., the feedback end of the input control device) is connected to the battery assembly 110b through a resistor R1'. The collector of the triode Q3' is connected to the gate of the MOS tube Q2'. The MOS tubes Q1' and Q2' control the on-off state of the charging circuit based on the voltage at the collector of the triode Q3' (i.e., the voltage at the feedback end of the input control device). The voltage threshold of the switch control sub-circuit 122b is the on voltage of the triode Q3'.

[0083] The double-ended voltage division sub-circuit 121b includes a resistor sub-circuit and a switch device Q10. The resistor sub-circuit is composed of a third resistor R3', a fourth resistor R4', a fifth resistor R11, and a sixth resistor R12. The output voltage of the double-ended voltage division sub-circuit 121b is output from the connection point of the third resistor R3', the fourth resistor R4', and the sixth resistor R12, and input to the base of the triode Q3'. The gate of the switch device Q10 is connected to the collector of the triode Q3' (i.e., the feedback end of the input control device), and the voltage at the collector of the triode Q3' (i.e., the voltage at the feedback end of the input control device) is input. The switch device Q10 switches the second voltage division ratio and the third voltage division ratio of the resistor sub-circuit according to the voltage input from the feedback end.

[0084] Specifically, when the output voltage of the resistor sub-circuit is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, the triode Q3' switches to the on state, the collector of the triode Q3' is grounded, the voltage at the collector of the triode Q3' is 0 volts (i.e., the first feedback voltage), and the first feedback voltage input by the switch device Q10 is less than the on voltage of the switch device Q10. The switch device Q10 switches to the off state (i.e., the first on-off state), and the resistor sub-circuit switches to the second voltage division ratio K 2，The resistor circuit divides the voltage across the input capacitor C2' into two voltages and outputs it to the transistor Q3'. At this time, the output voltage of the double-ended voltage divider circuit 121b is denoted as the second voltage.

[0085] Where, K2=R4' / (R4'+((R3'×(R11+R12)) / (R3'+R11+R12))).

[0086] When the output voltage of the resistor circuit is less than the voltage threshold, transistor Q3' switches to the off state. The voltage at the collector of transistor Q3' is the voltage of battery module 110b after voltage division by resistor R1 (i.e., the second feedback voltage). At this time, the second feedback voltage input to switching device Q10 is greater than or equal to the conduction voltage of switching device Q10, and switching device Q10 switches to the on state (i.e., the second on / off state). The resistor circuit switches to the third voltage division ratio K3. The resistor circuit outputs the voltage at the terminal of input capacitor C2' to transistor Q3' after voltage division by the third voltage division. At this time, the output voltage of the dual-terminal voltage divider circuit 121b is denoted as the third voltage.

[0087] Where K3=R total / (R3'+R total ); R total =(R4'×R12) / (R4'+R12).

[0088] In Embodiment 3 of this application, the switching device Q10 is a MOSFET. However, in other embodiments of this application, the switching device Q10 can also be a switching device with other parameters, depending on the circuit requirements. Preferably, a MOSFET with low-voltage conduction characteristics is preferred, as the circuit only needs to provide a low voltage to achieve the switching characteristics. Furthermore, switching devices with low-voltage conduction characteristics have lower power consumption, which helps reduce the energy consumption of the load circuit.

[0089] In Embodiment 3 of this application, a dual-ended voltage divider circuit 121b capable of switching voltage divider parameters (switching between the second and third voltage divider ratios) is implemented using four voltage divider resistors and a simple switching device Q10. This dual-ended voltage divider circuit has a simple circuit structure and simple connection relationship, realizing the switching of voltage parameters with fewer components and a simplified circuit structure. It can achieve the switching of different voltage divider parameters without introducing complex logic devices, which is beneficial to reducing the power consumption caused by too many components.

[0090] The operation of the charging switch circuit 120b in Embodiment 3 of this application will be further described below:

[0091] The output voltage of the resistance sub-circuit is input from the base of the transistor Q3', when the output voltage of the resistance sub-circuit is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold (i.e. the on voltage of the transistor Q3'), the transistor Q3' switches to the on state, the collector of the transistor Q3' is grounded, the feedback voltage of the collector of the transistor Q3' is 0 volt (i.e. the first feedback voltage), at this time the gate voltage of the MOS Q2' becomes lower than the on voltage of the MOS Q2', the MOS Q2' switches to the off state, the gate voltage of the MOS Q1' is the voltage of the battery assembly 110 divided by the resistance R2', at this time the MOS Q1' switches to the off state, the charging circuit controller is disconnected from the charging circuit of the capacitor C2' by the battery assembly 110b, the first feedback voltage input to the switching device Q10 is less than the on voltage of the switching device Q10, the switching device Q10 switches to the off state, the resistance sub-circuit switches to the second voltage division ratio, and the resistance sub-circuit outputs the voltage of the capacitor C2' to the transistor Q3' after voltage division by the second voltage division ratio (i.e. the second voltage).

[0092] As the capacitor C2' discharges to provide power for the load, the voltage of the capacitor C2' decreases, and the output voltage of the resistance sub-circuit decreases, when the output voltage of the resistance sub-circuit is less than the voltage threshold, the transistor Q3' switches to the off state, at this time the voltage at the collector of the transistor Q3' is the voltage of the battery assembly 110a divided by the resistance R1' (i.e. the second feedback voltage), which is relatively high, the second feedback voltage is greater than or equal to the on voltage of the MOS Q2', the MOS Q2' switches to the on state, the gate of the MOS Q1' is grounded, at this time the MOS Q1' switches to the on state, the charging circuit controller is connected to the charging circuit of the capacitor C2' by the battery assembly 110b, and the charging of the capacitor C2' begins; the second feedback voltage input to the switching device Q10 is less than the on voltage of the switching device Q10, the switching device Q10 switches to the on state (i.e. the second on-off state), the resistance sub-circuit switches to the third voltage division ratio, and the resistance sub-circuit outputs the voltage of the capacitor C2' to the transistor Q3' after voltage division by the third voltage division ratio (i.e. the third voltage); as the capacitor C2' charges, the voltage of the capacitor C2' rises, and the output voltage of the resistance sub-circuit also rises, when the output voltage of the resistance sub-circuit is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, the transistor Q3' switches to the on state, the voltage at the collector of the transistor Q3' switches to the first feedback voltage, and the charging circuit controller is disconnected from the charging circuit of the capacitor C2' by the battery assembly 110b.

[0093] Wherein, since the second voltage division ratio and the turn-on voltage of the transistor Q3' jointly affect the threshold at which the capacitor C2' starts to charge, and the turn-on voltage of the transistor Q3' depends on the parameters of the transistor Q3' and is fixed after the transistor Q3' is determined, when the second voltage division ratio and the threshold at which the capacitor C2' starts to charge are determined, the product of the threshold at which the capacitor C2' starts to charge and the second voltage division ratio needs to be less than the turn-on voltage of the transistor Q3' to achieve the charging control. Similarly, the product of the threshold at which the capacitor C2' stops to charge and the second voltage division ratio needs to be greater than or equal to the turn-on voltage of the transistor Q3'.

[0094] The double-threshold implementation of the charging switch circuit for the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly by the battery assembly in the third embodiment of the present application is realized based on a double-end voltage division sub-circuit composed of a resistor and a switching device Q10 and a switching control sub-circuit including a switching device. The on-off characteristics of the switching device are used to realize the on-off control of the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly by the battery assembly and the switching of the first voltage division ratio and the second voltage division ratio of the double-end voltage division sub-circuit in different on-off states. The complex functions of the double-threshold control are realized by the simple circuit structures of the sub-circuits cooperating with each other. Compared with the design scheme of the fixed reference voltage threshold that needs to be continuously input with a stable voltage, the battery assembly in the third embodiment of the present application does not need to be continuously powered, and the circuit structure design is simple and does not need a complex control chip or module, which is conducive to reducing the additional power consumption of the battery assembly, reducing the circuit cost and circuit power consumption, further improving the service life of the battery assembly, and further improving the service life of the battery assembly. The present application does not need complex control logic, and the circuit responds in time.

[0095] Referring to Figure 8 The fourth embodiment of the present application provides a fragrance spraying machine 80, which includes the battery-powered load circuit 100 of the foregoing embodiments and a motor 200. The battery-powered load circuit drives the motor to work, and the working of the motor causes the liquid in the fragrance spraying machine to be sprayed out.

[0096] Wherein, the implementation of the battery-powered load circuit 100 can refer to the foregoing embodiments one to three, which will not be described here again.

[0097] It should be noted that the present application takes the fragrance spraying machine as an example, and it can be understood that the embodiments of the present application are applicable to the battery-powered load circuit 100 in the foregoing embodiments of the present application, and can also be products such as humidifiers.

[0098] Referring to the attached Figure 9 The fifth embodiment of the present application provides a load circuit control method for the battery-powered load circuit in the foregoing embodiments. The battery-powered load circuit is composed of a battery assembly, a charging switch circuit, a capacitor assembly, and a load control circuit. The load circuit control method includes:

[0099] Step S900: the charging switch circuit is controlled on and off according to the end voltage of the capacitor component, and the charging circuit of the battery component is controlled on and off according to the end voltage of the capacitor component; wherein, when the charging circuit is on, the electric energy provided by the battery component is stored in the capacitor component, and when the charging circuit is off, the electric energy provided by the capacitor component is used to work for the load;

[0100] Step S910: the load control circuit receives the working control signal, and transmits the electric energy to the load when the working control signal indicates that the load starts to work.

[0101] Step S920: the load control circuit receives the working control signal, and reversely transmits the electric energy generated by the load to the capacitor component when the working control signal indicates that the load stops to work, and the electric energy is recovered by the capacitor component.

[0102] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and modifications, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery powered load circuit, characterized by, The battery assembly, a charging switch circuit, a capacitor assembly and a load control circuit are provided; The charging switch circuit is connected to the capacitor assembly and controls the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly according to the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly; when the charging circuit is turned on, the battery assembly provides charging power for the capacitor assembly through the charging switch circuit, and provides power for the load control circuit through the charging switch circuit; When the charging circuit is turned off, the capacitor assembly provides power for the load control circuit, the path between the battery assembly and the capacitor assembly is disconnected by the charging switch circuit, and the path between the battery assembly and the load control circuit is disconnected by the charging switch circuit; The load control circuit transmits power to the load when the input working control signal indicates that the load starts to work, and reversely transmits the reverse electromotive force generated by the load to the capacitor assembly when the input working control signal indicates that the load stops working.

2. The battery-powered load circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The charging switch circuit comprises a super capacitor terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit and a switch control sub-circuit; The super capacitor terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit inputs the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly and outputs the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly after voltage division to the switch control sub-circuit; The switch control sub-circuit controls the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly according to the output voltage of the super capacitor terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit.

3. The battery-powered load circuit according to claim 2, wherein: The super capacitor terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit is a single-end voltage dividing sub-circuit with a first voltage dividing ratio, and outputs a first voltage after voltage division of the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly to the switch control sub-circuit according to the first voltage dividing ratio; The switch control sub-circuit turns off the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly when the input first voltage is greater than or equal to a voltage threshold value; The switch control sub-circuit turns on the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly when the input first voltage is less than the voltage threshold value.

4. The battery-powered load circuit according to claim 2, wherein: The super capacitor terminal voltage dividing sub-circuit is a double-end voltage dividing sub-circuit, and the voltage dividing parameters of the double-end voltage dividing sub-circuit comprise a second voltage dividing ratio and a third voltage dividing ratio, wherein the second voltage dividing ratio is greater than the third voltage dividing ratio; The switch control sub-circuit turns off the charging circuit of the capacitor assembly when the output voltage of the double-end voltage dividing sub-circuit is greater than or equal to a voltage threshold value, and outputs a first feedback voltage to the double-end voltage dividing sub-circuit, so that the voltage dividing parameters of the double-end voltage dividing sub-circuit are switched to the second voltage dividing ratio, and the double-end voltage dividing sub-circuit outputs the terminal voltage of the capacitor assembly after voltage division according to the second voltage dividing ratio to the switch control sub-circuit; The switch control sub-circuit turns on the charging circuit of the battery component to the capacitor component and outputs a second feedback voltage to the dual-terminal voltage division sub-circuit when the output voltage of the dual-terminal voltage division sub-circuit is less than a voltage threshold, so that the voltage division parameter of the dual-terminal voltage division sub-circuit is switched to a third voltage division ratio, and the dual-terminal voltage division sub-circuit outputs the terminal voltage of the capacitor component after being divided by the third voltage division ratio to the switch control sub-circuit.

5. The battery-powered load circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The single-terminal voltage division sub-circuit comprises a first resistor and a second resistor connected in series, and the first voltage is output from a connection point of the first resistor and the second resistor; The switch control sub-circuit comprises an input control device and a charging circuit control device, a feedback end of the input control device is connected with the battery component and the charging circuit control device, the charging circuit control device is arranged on the charging circuit of the battery component to the capacitor component, and the charging circuit control device is controlled to be turned on or turned off according to the voltage input to the feedback end; When the first voltage input to the input control device is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, the input control device is switched to the turned-on state, so that the voltage of the feedback end is switched to a first feedback voltage, the first feedback voltage input to the charging circuit control device is less than the turn-on voltage of the charging circuit control device, and the charging circuit control device turns off the charging circuit of the battery component to the capacitor component; When the first voltage input to the input control device is less than the voltage threshold, the input control device is switched to the turned-off state, so that the voltage of the feedback end is switched to a second feedback voltage, the second feedback voltage input to the charging circuit control device is greater than or equal to the turn-on voltage of the charging circuit control device, and the charging circuit control device turns on the charging circuit of the battery component to the capacitor component.

6. The battery-powered load circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dual-terminal voltage division sub-circuit comprises a resistor sub-circuit and a switch device, the switch control sub-circuit comprises an input control device and a charging circuit control device, a feedback end of the input control device is connected with the battery component, the charging circuit control device and the switch device, the charging circuit control device is arranged on the charging circuit of the battery component to the capacitor component, and the charging circuit control device is controlled to be turned on or turned off according to the voltage input to the feedback end; and the switch device switches the voltage division parameter of the resistor sub-circuit between a second voltage division ratio and a third voltage division ratio according to the voltage input to the feedback end of the input control device. The input control device switches to the conductive state when the output voltage of the resistance sub-circuit is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, so that the voltage at the feedback end switches to the first feedback voltage, the first feedback voltage input to the charging circuit control device is less than the turn-on voltage of the charging circuit control device, the charging circuit control device disconnects the charging circuit of the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly, and the switch device switches to the first on-off state according to the input first feedback voltage, so that the voltage division parameter of the resistance sub-circuit switches to the second voltage division ratio, and the resistance sub-circuit outputs the voltage of the input capacitor assembly to the input control device after voltage division according to the second voltage division ratio. The input control device switches to the conductive state when the output voltage of the resistance sub-circuit is less than the voltage threshold, so that the voltage at the feedback end switches to the second feedback voltage, the second feedback voltage input to the charging circuit control device is greater than or equal to the turn-on voltage of the charging circuit control device, the charging circuit control device turns on the charging circuit of the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly, and the switch device switches to the second on-off state according to the input second feedback voltage, wherein the second on-off state is opposite to the first on-off state, so that the voltage division parameter of the resistance sub-circuit switches to the third voltage division ratio, and the resistance sub-circuit outputs the voltage of the input capacitor assembly to the input control device after voltage division according to the third voltage division ratio.

7. The battery-powered load circuit according to claim 2, wherein: The switch control sub-circuit comprises a diode arranged on the charging circuit, the diode is conductive to the electric energy provided by the battery assembly to the capacitor assembly, and is cut off to the transmission of the electric energy of the reverse electromotive force to the battery assembly.

8. The battery-powered load circuit according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein: The capacitor assembly is composed of one capacitor or a plurality of parallel capacitors, and in the case that the capacitor assembly is composed of a plurality of parallel capacitors, the parameters of the plurality of parallel capacitors are the same.

9. The battery-powered load circuit according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein: The load control circuit comprises an H-bridge circuit, the H-bridge circuit transmits electric energy to the load when the input working control signal indicates that the load starts to work, and reversely transmits the electric energy of the reverse electromotive force generated by the load to the capacitor assembly when the input working control signal indicates that the load stops working. The H-bridge circuit is composed of four MOS transistors.

10. A fragrance sprayer characterized by, The battery-powered load circuit according to any one of claims 1-9 drives the motor to work, and the motor work makes the liquid in the fragrance spraying machine spray out.

11. A load circuit control method for a battery-powered load circuit, characterized in that, The battery-powered load circuit is composed of a battery assembly, a charging switch circuit, a capacitor assembly and a load control circuit, and the load circuit control method comprises: The charging switch circuit is controlled on and off according to the terminal voltage of the capacitor component, and when the charging switch circuit is on, the battery component provides charging power for the capacitor component through the charging switch circuit, and provides power for the load control circuit through the charging switch circuit; when the charging switch circuit is off, the capacitor component provides power for the load control circuit, the path between the battery component and the capacitor component is disconnected, and the path between the battery component and the load control circuit is disconnected. The load control circuit receives a working control signal, and when the working control signal indicates that the load starts to work, the load control circuit transmits power to the load, and when the working control signal indicates that the load stops to work, the load control circuit reversely transmits the power of the reverse electromotive force generated by the load to the capacitor component, and recovers power through the capacitor component.

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