Intelligent precision seeder for wheat in hilly and mountainous areas

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent precision seeder for wheat in hills and mountains, which comprises a frame, a seed box and a plurality of seed-metering devices connected to the lower end of the seed box, and a plurality of seeding units corresponding to the seed-metering devices are mounted on the frame; the seeding unit comprises a fixed plate and a floating plate which are arranged front and back, and an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod which are arranged up and down, the front and rear ends of the upper connecting rod are respectively hinged with the upper end of the fixed plate and the upper end of the floating plate, and the front and rear ends of the lower connecting rod are respectively hinged with the lower end of the fixed plate and the lower end of the floating plate; the seed metering metal pipe is communicated with the seed metering device through a seed metering hose, a tooth-shaped disc rotationally connected with the seed metering metal pipe and a ditching cutter fixedly connected with the seed metering metal pipe are arranged on the two sides of the seed metering metal pipe respectively, a connecting rod extending forwards is fixedly connected to the seed metering metal pipe, and a plurality of disc cutters are rotationally connected to the front end of the connecting rod. And the cutting disc is in transmission connection with the tooth-shaped disc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wheat seeders, and in particular to a precision intelligent seeder for wheat in hilly and mountainous areas. Background Art

[0002] my country's hilly and mountainous cultivated land area reaches 630 million mu, and traditional seed drills face severe challenges in operating in this area. The first problem is the lack of terrain adaptability. When the rigid frame operates on a slope, the gravity component causes the seeding unit to tilt, resulting in uneven seeding depth (coefficient of variation > 30%), seed rolling and other problems. The second problem is the lag of the profiling mechanism. The existing spring or hydraulic profiling device has a slow response speed (> 1 second) and cannot adapt to the continuous undulating terrain, resulting in a missed seeding rate of up to 10%-15%; finally, due to the uneven ground in hilly and mountainous areas, the existing seed drills use rotary tillage to loosen the soil and open furrows. The rotary tiller is an integral structure and cannot be rotated according to the undulations of the ground. When the ground is uneven, the rotary tiller is supported by the raised position, resulting in the inability to effectively till the low-lying areas of the ground, making it impossible to open furrows smoothly and the wheat seeds cannot be smoothly dug and covered with soil, thus affecting germination. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a precise intelligent seeder for wheat in hilly and mountainous areas.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, which provide a hilly and mountainous precision intelligent seeder for wheat, including a frame, a seed box and a plurality of seeding devices connected to the lower end of the seed box, wherein the frame is equipped with a plurality of seeding units corresponding to the seeding devices; the seeding unit includes a fixed plate and a floating plate arranged in a front-rear manner, and an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod arranged in an upper and lower manner, the front and rear ends of the upper connecting rod are respectively hinged to the upper end of the fixed plate and the upper end of the floating plate, and the front and rear ends of the lower connecting rod are respectively hinged to the lower end of the fixed plate and the lower end of the floating plate. A vertical seeding metal pipe is fixed on the floating plate, and the seeding metal pipe is connected to the seeding device through a seeding hose, and toothed discs rotatably connected to the seeding metal pipe and furrowing knives fixed to the seeding metal pipe are respectively provided on both sides of the seeding metal pipe, a connecting rod extending forward is fixed on the seeding metal pipe, and a plurality of disc knives are rotatably connected to the front end of the connecting rod, and the disc knife is transmission connected to the toothed disc.

[0005] As an optimization, a disc sleeve is fixed on the seeding metal tube, the connecting rod is fixed to the disc sleeve, the center of the toothed disc is fixed with a disc center shaft connected to the disc sleeve, the center of the disc cutter is fixed with a cutter disc center shaft connected to the front end of the connecting rod, the disc center shaft is fixed with a driving bevel gear, the cutter disc center shaft is fixed with a passive bevel gear, the connecting rod side shaft is connected with a gear connecting shaft, the gear connecting shaft is fixed with a first bevel gear meshing with the driving bevel gear and a second bevel gear meshing with the passive bevel gear.

[0006] As an optimization, the trenching knife is set at an angle, and the distance between the trenching knife and the toothed disc gradually increases from front to back, and the outlet of the lower end of the seeding metal tube is located between the trenching knife and the toothed disc.

[0007] As an optimization, the sowing unit further includes a covering plate connecting rod fixedly connected to the rear of the seeding metal tube and two front-to-back covering plate mounting plates fixedly connected to the covering plate connecting rod, wherein the covering plate mounting plates are equipped with rubber covering plates.

[0008] As an optimization, the rubber covering plates are arranged to be inclined relative to the traveling direction of the seeder, and the inclination directions of the two rubber covering plates are opposite.

[0009] As an optimization, the sowing unit further includes a tension spring for driving the floating plate to move downward.

[0010] As an optimization, a lower connecting block is fixed to the rear of the fixed plate, an upper connecting block is hinged on the upper connecting rod, the lower end of the tension spring is connected to the lower connecting block, and the upper end of the tension spring is connected to the tension spring screw, which passes through the upper connecting block and is equipped with a nut.

[0011] As an optimization, the seed box is provided with two rows of seeders, which are respectively installed on the first seeder shaft and the second seeder shaft. The first seeder shaft is hinged with a walking wheel mounting arm, and the walking wheel mounting arm is connected to a walking wheel on the shaft, and the walking wheel drives the first seeder shaft and the second seeder shaft to rotate.

[0012] As an optimization, the inner shaft of the seed box is connected to the first stirring shaft and the second stirring shaft, and the ground wheels drive the first stirring shaft and the second stirring shaft to rotate.

[0013] As an optimization, the walking wheel is connected to the first seeding device shaft through a chain, the first seeding device shaft is connected to the first stirring shaft and the second stirring shaft through a chain, and the first stirring shaft is connected to the second seeding device shaft through a chain.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is a precision intelligent seeder for wheat in hilly and mountainous areas. The present invention adapts to the rugged sowing ground in hilly and mountainous areas by floating multiple sowing units up and down, and each sowing unit independently realizes soil crushing, furrowing, sowing and covering operations, with uniform sowing depth, effectively improving the germination rate of wheat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention from another angle;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 A top view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the sowing unit of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the sowing unit of the present invention from another angle;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a front view of the sowing unit of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a right side view of the sowing unit of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 9 This is a top view of the sowing unit of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 7 Middle AA plane section view;

[0025] As shown in the figure:

[0026] 1. Frame, 2. Seed box, 3. Sowing unit, 4. Seeder, 5. Seeder hose, 6. First seeder shaft, 7. Ground wheel mounting arm, 8. Ground wheel, 9. Ground wheel sprocket, 10. Double sprocket, 11. First agitator shaft driving sprocket, 12. Second agitator shaft sprocket, 13. Second seeder shaft, 14. Seeder shaft sprocket, 15. First agitator shaft driven sprocket, 16. First agitator shaft, 17. Second agitator shaft, 31. Fixed plate, 32. Upper connecting rod, 33. Lower connecting rod, 3 4. Seeding metal pipe, 35. Floating plate, 36. Covering plate connecting rod, 37. Toothed disc, 38. Grooving knife, 39. Tension spring, 310. Tension spring screw, 311. Upper connecting block, 312. Lower connecting block, 313. Disc sleeve, 314. Connecting rod, 315. Disc knife, 316. Active bevel gear, 317. Passive bevel gear, 318. Gear connecting shaft, 319. First bevel gear, 320. Second bevel gear, 321. Covering plate mounting plate, 322. Rubber covering plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, this solution is described below through specific implementation methods.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the present invention is a precision intelligent seeder for wheat in hilly and mountainous areas, comprising a frame 1, a seed box 2, a plurality of seeding devices 4 connected to the lower end of the seed box 2, and a plurality of sowing units 3 installed below the frame 1. The sowing units correspond one to one with the seeding devices 4. The seeding devices 4 transport wheat seeds to the sowing units, and sowing is achieved through the sowing units 3.

[0029] The front end of the frame 1 is connected to the tractor through a connecting frame to achieve walking sowing.

[0030] The seed box 2 is fixed to the upper end of the frame 1 and is a long strip-shaped box. The middle position of the seed box 2 in the front-to-back direction is raised upward, so that the front and rear ends of the bottom surface are both recessed downward, and the wheat seeds flow out from the recesses to the seed meter. The seed box 2 is equipped with two rows of seed meters 4, which are respectively connected to the recessed positions at the front and rear ends of the bottom of the seed box 2 to facilitate the entry of wheat seeds into the seed meter.

[0031] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the two rows of seeding devices 4 are respectively installed on the first seeding device shaft 6 and the second seeding device shaft 13. Through the rotation of the first seeding device shaft 6 and the second seeding device shaft 13, the two rows of seeding devices 4 are driven to perform seeding.

[0032] In order to achieve the correspondence between the seeding speed and the walking speed, a walking wheel mounting arm 7 is hinged on the first seeding device shaft 6, and the upper end of the walking wheel mounting arm 7 is connected to one end of the first seeding device shaft 6 through a bearing, and the lower end of the walking wheel mounting arm 7 is connected to a walking wheel 8. The walking wheel 8 is attached to the ground and rotates following the movement of the seeder. The walking wheel 8 drives the first seeding device shaft 6 and the second seeding device shaft 13 to rotate, thereby keeping the seeding speed of the seeding device corresponding to the walking speed.

[0033] To prevent seeds from piling up inside the seed box 2, a first stirring shaft 16 and a second stirring shaft 17 are connected to the inner shaft of the seed box 2. The first stirring shaft 16 and the second stirring shaft 17 are respectively arranged at the inlet of the two rows of seed metering devices. The first stirring shaft 16 and the second stirring shaft 17 are both provided with spiral protrusions. The rotation of the first stirring shaft 16 and the second stirring shaft 17 moves the seeds to prevent seed accumulation. The ground wheels 8 drive the first stirring shaft 16 and the second stirring shaft 17 to rotate.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, in order to realize that the running wheel 8 drives the first seeding device shaft 6, the second seeding device shaft 13, the first stirring shaft 16 and the second stirring shaft 17 to rotate, the running wheel 8 is fixedly connected to the side of the running wheel 8 with a running wheel sprocket 9, and the end of the first seeding device shaft 6 is fixedly connected to a double-row sprocket 10, and the running wheel sprocket 9 is connected to the double-row sprocket 10 through a chain, so that the running wheel 8 is connected to the first seeding device shaft 6 through the chain, thereby realizing the rotation of the first seeding device shaft 6.

[0035] like Figure 3 、 4 As shown, one end of the first stirring shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the first stirring shaft driving sprocket 11, and one end of the second stirring shaft 17 is fixedly connected to the second stirring shaft sprocket 12. The two ends of the circulating chain respectively pass around the second stirring shaft sprocket 12 and the double-row sprocket 10 at the end of the first seeding device shaft 6. Figure 3As shown, the circulating chain is also fitted with the first stirring shaft driving sprocket 11, so that the first seeding device shaft 6 is connected to the first stirring shaft 16 and the second stirring shaft 17 through the chain, and the first seeding device shaft 6 drives the first stirring shaft 16 and the second stirring shaft 17 to rotate.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the other end of the first stirring shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the first stirring shaft driven sprocket 15, and the end of the second seed metering device shaft 13 is fixedly connected to the seed metering device shaft sprocket 14. The first stirring shaft driven sprocket 15 and the seed metering device shaft sprocket 14 are connected by a chain, so that the first stirring shaft 16 is connected to the second seed metering device shaft 13 through the chain, and the second seed metering device shaft 13 is driven to rotate by the first stirring shaft 16.

[0037] like Figure 5-10 As shown, the sowing unit 3 includes a fixed plate 31 and a floating plate 35 arranged front to back, and an upper connecting rod 32 and a lower connecting rod 33 arranged up and down. The fixed plate 31 is welded to the frame 1, and the front and rear ends of the upper connecting rod 32 are hinged to the upper end of the fixed plate 31 and the upper end of the floating plate 35 respectively. The front and rear ends of the lower connecting rod 33 are hinged to the lower end of the fixed plate 31 and the lower end of the floating plate 35 respectively. Therefore, the floating plate 35 can swing up and down to adapt to uneven ground.

[0038] In order to achieve the adaptation effect with the ground, the sowing unit 3 also includes a tension spring 39 that drives the floating plate 35 to move downward. Figure 10 As shown, a lower connecting block 312 is fixed to the rear of the fixed plate 31, an upper connecting block 311 is hinged on the upper connecting rod 32, and the hinge axis of the upper connecting block 311 is parallel to the hinge axes of the fixed plate 31, the floating plate 35, the upper connecting rod 32 and the lower connecting rod 33.

[0039] The lower end of the tension spring 39 is connected to the lower connecting block 312, and the upper end of the tension spring 39 is connected to the tension spring screw 310. The tension spring screw 310 passes through the upper connecting block 311 and is equipped with a nut. By rotating the nut, the height of the tension spring screw 310 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the initial tension of the tension spring 39.

[0040] A vertical seeding metal tube 34 is fixedly connected to the floating plate 35 , and the seeding metal tube 34 is connected to the seeding device 4 through the seeding hose 5 . Wheat seeds enter the seeding metal tube 34 from the seeding hose 5 and fall from the lower end of the seeding metal tube 34 into the sowing groove.

[0041] The two sides of the seeding metal tube 34 are respectively provided with a toothed disc 37 rotatably connected to the seeding metal tube 34 and a trenching knife 38 fixed to the seeding metal tube 34. Figure 5As shown, a disc sleeve 313 is fixedly connected to the seeding metal tube 34. The disc sleeve 313 is a circular tube with an axis extending left and right. The center of the toothed disc 37 is fixedly connected to a disc center axis connected to the disc sleeve 313, thereby realizing the rotational connection of the toothed disc 37. The outer ring of the toothed disc 37 is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed teeth, so as to facilitate the rotation of the toothed disc 37 after being fitted with the bottom surface.

[0042] The trenching knife 38 is welded to the side of the lower end of the seeding metal tube 34. The trenching knife 38 is set at an angle. The distance between the trenching knife 38 and the toothed disc 37 gradually increases from front to back, and the front end of the trenching knife 38 is in contact with the side of the toothed disc 37, so that the soil is separated to both sides by the toothed disc 37 and the trenching knife 38 to realize the trenching operation.

[0043] The outlet at the lower end of the seed discharging metal tube 34 is located between the furrowing knife 38 and the toothed disc 37, so as to facilitate the wheat seeds to enter the furrow.

[0044] Since the soil in hilly and mountainous areas is generally dry, the ground is uneven, and the irrigation conditions are poor, large-scale watering and irrigation cannot be achieved. Therefore, it is not suitable for large-scale rotary tillage and leveling operations. It is more suitable for artificial irrigation of small furrows after sowing. Although the furrowing knife 38 and the toothed disc 37 in this application can achieve furrowing, if the soil is not rotary tilled before furrowing, it is easy to cause large particles of soil to be brought up during furrowing, and it is impossible to achieve effective fitting of wheat seeds and soil. Therefore, this application separately crushes the soil in front of the furrow on each sowing unit 3 to achieve smooth furrowing. The crushing of the soil is achieved by the disc knife 315 below.

[0045] A forward-extending connecting rod 314 is fixedly connected to the disc sleeve 313, with the front end of the connecting rod 314 tilted downward. A cutter disc 315 is fixedly connected to a cutter disc central axis, which is axially connected to the front end of the connecting rod 314. Multiple cutter discs 315 are welded side by side to the cutter disc central axis, thereby achieving a rotational connection of the multiple cutter discs 315 at the front end of the connecting rod 314. The cutter discs 315 are parallel to the toothed disc 37, and their diameter is smaller than that of the toothed disc 37. The cutter discs 315 are located directly in front of the trenching blade 38, cutting and crushing the ground in front of them to facilitate subsequent trenching.

[0046] The disc cutter 315 is in transmission connection with the toothed disc 37 , so that the rotation of the toothed disc 37 drives the disc cutter 315 to rotate, thereby improving the soil crushing effect.

[0047] like Figure 5As shown, a driving bevel gear 316 is fixed to the central axis of the disc, a passive bevel gear 317 is fixed to the central axis of the cutter disc, two connecting plates are welded to the side of the connecting rod 314, and a gear connecting shaft 318 is connected to the connecting plate. A first bevel gear 319 engaged with the driving bevel gear 316 and a second bevel gear 320 engaged with the passive bevel gear 317 are fixed to the gear connecting shaft 318, thereby realizing that the rotation of the toothed disc 37 drives the disc cutter 315 to rotate.

[0048] The sowing unit 3 further includes a covering plate connecting rod 36 fixedly connected to the rear of the seeding metal tube 34 and two covering plate mounting plates 321 arranged in front and behind and fixedly connected to the covering plate connecting rod 36 , and a rubber covering plate 322 is installed on the covering plate mounting plates 321 .

[0049] The rubber covering plates 322 are arranged obliquely relative to the traveling direction of the seed drill, and the two rubber covering plates 322 are inclined in opposite directions, so that soil is covered from both sides by the rubber covering plates 322 having a certain elasticity.

[0050] The method of using the present invention:

[0051] The seeder is connected to the tractor to achieve walking sowing. The walking wheels 8 are in contact with the ground and rotate as the seeder moves. The walking wheels 8 drive the first stirring shaft 16 and the second stirring shaft 17 to rotate. The seeds are moved by the rotation of the first stirring shaft 16 and the second stirring shaft 17, so that the seeds in the seed box 2 can smoothly enter the seed meter to prevent accumulation. In addition, the walking wheels 8 drive the first seed meter shaft 6 and the second seed meter shaft 13 to rotate, so that the seeding speed of the seed meter remains corresponding to the walking speed.

[0052] The disc cutter 315 is located directly in front of the furrowing blade 38. The rotation of the toothed disc 37 drives the disc cutter 315 to rotate, cutting and crushing the ground in front of it, facilitating subsequent furrowing. The toothed disc 37 and furrowing blade 38 separate the soil to the two sides, completing the furrowing operation. The wheat seeds enter the seeding metal tube 34 from the seeding hose 5 and fall from the lower end of the seeding metal tube 34 into the sowing furrow. Finally, the soil is covered from both sides by a rubber covering plate 322 with a certain degree of elasticity.

[0053] Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples. Technical features not described in the present invention can be achieved by or by adopting existing technologies, which will not be described here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. The present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred implementation methods. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention do not depart from the purpose of the present invention and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precision intelligent seeder for wheat in hilly and mountainous areas, characterized by: The machine comprises a frame (1), a seed box (2), and a plurality of seeding devices (4) connected to the lower end of the seed box (2); the frame (1) is provided with a plurality of sowing units (3) corresponding to the seeding devices (4); The sowing unit (3) includes a fixed plate (31) and a floating plate (35) arranged front to back, and an upper connecting rod (32) and a lower connecting rod (33) arranged up and down, the front and rear ends of the upper connecting rod (32) are respectively hinged to the upper end of the fixed plate (31) and the upper end of the floating plate (35), the front and rear ends of the lower connecting rod (33) are respectively hinged to the lower end of the fixed plate (31) and the lower end of the floating plate (35), a vertical seeding metal pipe (34) is fixed to the floating plate (35), and the seeding metal pipe ( 34) is connected to the seeding device (4) through a seeding hose (5), and a toothed disc (37) rotatably connected to the seeding metal tube (34) and a furrowing knife (38) fixed to the seeding metal tube (34) are respectively provided on both sides of the seeding metal tube (34), and a connecting rod (314) extending forward is fixed to the seeding metal tube (34), and a plurality of disc knives (315) are rotatably connected to the front end of the connecting rod (314), and the disc knives (315) are transmission-connected to the toothed disc (37).

2. The intelligent precision seeder for wheat in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A disc sleeve (313) is fixedly connected to the seeding metal tube (34), the connecting rod (314) is fixedly connected to the disc sleeve (313), the center of the toothed disc (37) is fixedly connected to a disc center axis connected to the disc sleeve (313), the center of the disc cutter (315) is fixedly connected to a cutter disc center axis connected to the front end of the connecting rod (314), the disc center axis is fixedly connected to a driving bevel gear (316), the cutter disc center axis is fixedly connected to a passive bevel gear (317), the side of the connecting rod (314) is fixedly connected to a gear connecting shaft (318), and the gear connecting shaft (318) is fixedly connected to a first bevel gear (319) meshing with the driving bevel gear (316) and a second bevel gear (320) meshing with the passive bevel gear (317).

3. The intelligent precision seeder for wheat in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trenching knife (38) is arranged obliquely, and the distance between the trenching knife (38) and the toothed disc (37) gradually increases from front to back, and the outlet of the lower end of the seeding metal pipe (34) is located between the trenching knife (38) and the toothed disc (37).

4. The intelligent precision seeder for wheat in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sowing unit (3) further comprises a covering plate connecting rod (36) fixedly connected to the rear of the seeding metal tube (34) and two front-to-back covering plate mounting plates (321) fixedly connected to the covering plate connecting rod (36), wherein a rubber covering plate (322) is mounted on the covering plate mounting plate (321).

5. The intelligent precision seeder for wheat in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rubber covering plates (322) are arranged to be inclined relative to the traveling direction of the seed drill, and the two rubber covering plates (322) are inclined in opposite directions.

6. The intelligent precision seeder for wheat in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sowing unit (3) further comprises a tension spring (39) for driving the floating plate (35) to move downward.

7. The intelligent precision seeder for wheat in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: A lower connecting block (312) is fixedly connected to the rear of the fixing plate (31), an upper connecting block (311) is hinged on the upper connecting rod (32), the lower end of the tension spring (39) is connected to the lower connecting block (312), and the upper end of the tension spring (39) is connected to the tension spring screw (310), and the tension spring screw (310) passes through the upper connecting block (311) and is equipped with a nut.

8. The intelligent precision seeder for wheat in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed box (2) is provided with two rows of seeding devices (4), and the two rows of seeding devices (4) are respectively installed on a first seeding device shaft (6) and a second seeding device shaft (13). A ground wheel mounting arm (7) is hinged on the first seeding device shaft (6), and a ground wheel (8) is connected to the ground wheel mounting arm (7). The ground wheel (8) drives the first seeding device shaft (6) and the second seeding device shaft (13) to rotate.

9. The intelligent precision seeder for wheat in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner shaft of the seed box (2) is connected to a first stirring shaft (16) and a second stirring shaft (17), and the running wheel (8) drives the first stirring shaft (16) and the second stirring shaft (17) to rotate.

10. The intelligent precision seeder for wheat in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 9, characterized in that: The walking wheel (8) is connected to the first seeding device shaft (6) through a chain, the first seeding device shaft (6) is connected to the first stirring shaft (16) and the second stirring shaft (17) through a chain, and the first stirring shaft (16) is connected to the second seeding device shaft (13) through a chain.

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