Method and system for controlling tomato botrytis cinerea by regulating light environment in greenhouse

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of greenhouse light environment regulation and control method and system for inhibiting tomato gray mold, the method of the present application includes the following steps: 1) real-time acquisition of the light environment parameters in greenhouse, including PPFD, the relative spectral value of each wave band and light duration;2) according to the light environment parameters obtained, compare the parameter threshold value set, according to different PPFD range and regulation period, implement different regulation scheme;3) according to different light environment conditions, by instruction control, implement the rise and fall control of different wave band light intensity.The present application realizes the purpose of controlling tomato gray mold by regulating the change of greenhouse light environment, reduces the use of pesticide, protects the environment, improves tomato yield, realizes the maximization of economic benefit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tomato disease control, and in particular to a method and system for controlling tomato gray mold by regulating greenhouse light environment. Background Technology

[0002] Gray mold is a common and highly damaging disease in greenhouse cultivation, characterized by its early onset, long duration, and wide spread. After infection, yields are typically reduced by 20%–30%, with severely affected areas experiencing reductions exceeding 50%, resulting in significant economic losses. Currently, chemical control is the primary method for controlling gray mold. However, long-term and excessive use of fungicides causes environmental pollution, harms human health, and leads to drug resistance in pathogens, increasing the difficulty and cost of control while maintaining limited effectiveness. Light, as one of the most important environmental factors, influences plant growth and defense. Gray mold possesses 11 photoreceptors, making the light environment a crucial factor affecting its growth, development, metabolism, reproduction, spread, and circadian rhythm regulation. Suppressing gray mold through environmental control is beneficial for promoting sustainable agricultural development. Current methods for controlling plant diseases primarily rely on changes in temperature and humidity, lacking systematic measures specifically targeting the light environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a control scheme for the distribution of accumulated greenhouse light radiation and the optimized combination of light bands, thereby overcoming the problems of high cost, poor control effect and food health and environmental pollution caused by large doses of pesticides in the existing control of tomato gray mold. This invention aims to achieve the suppression of the occurrence and spread of tomato gray mold by using light regulation, and to form a method and system for controlling tomato gray mold by regulating the greenhouse light environment.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: This invention is a method for controlling the greenhouse light environment to suppress tomato gray mold, and its special feature is that the method includes the following steps:

[0005] 1) Real-time acquisition of light environment parameters in the greenhouse, including PPFD, relative spectral values ​​of each band, and light duration;

[0006] 2) Based on the acquired light environment parameters, compare them with the set parameter thresholds, and implement different control schemes according to different PPFD ranges and control periods;

[0007] 3) Based on different light environment conditions, the intensity of light in different wavelength bands can be adjusted by command control.

[0008] Furthermore, the control plan in step 2) is based on a 24-hour cycle, within which:

[0009] 0-4h PPFD=0;

[0010] 4-8h PPFD=200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ;

[0011] 12-16h PPFD=500μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ;

[0012] 16-20h PPFD=200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ;

[0013] 20-24h PPFD=0.

[0014] Furthermore, in the control scheme of step 2), the supplementary light spectrum is red light + blue light + green light + far-red light, and the removal spectrum is violet light + yellow light.

[0015] Furthermore, the specific steps of this method are as follows:

[0016] S1) The timer starts from the moment it is started, and a cycle of 24 hours is formed.

[0017] S2) Monitor the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time from 0 to 4 hours. When PPFD≠0, shading is performed to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 0.

[0018] S3) Stop the shading operation after 4 hours and re-detect the environmental PPFD value;

[0019] S4) Monitor the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time from 4 to 8 hours. When PPFD > 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 At that time, remove the violet and yellow light from the environment and re-detect the environmental PPFD value. If the PPFD value is still greater than 200 μmol·m⁻¹ after removing the violet and yellow light from the environment, the result is considered negative. -2 ·s -1 If light is insufficient, shading should be applied to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 200 μmol·m⁻². -2 ·s -1 When PPFD ≯ 200, supplemental lighting is provided to 200 μmol·m⁻¹ using a composite light source consisting of red, blue, green, and far-infrared beams. -2 ·s -1 ;

[0020] S5) Stop the supplemental lighting / shading operation at 8h and re-detect the environmental PPFD value;

[0021] S6) Monitor the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time from 8 to 16 hours. When PPFD > 500 μmol·m -2 ·s -1At that time, remove the violet and yellow light from the environment and re-detect the environmental PPFD value. If the PPFD value is still greater than 500 μmol·m⁻¹ after removing the violet and yellow light from the environment, the result is considered negative. -2 ·s -1 If light is insufficient, shading should be applied to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 500 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 When PPFD ≯ 500, supplemental lighting is provided to 500 μmol·m⁻¹ using a composite light source consisting of red, blue, green, and far-infrared beams. -2 ·s -1 ;

[0022] S7) Stop the supplemental lighting / shading operation at 16h and re-detect the environmental PPFD value;

[0023] S8) Monitor the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time from 16 to 20 hours. When PPFD > 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 At that time, remove the violet and yellow light from the environment and re-detect the environmental PPFD value. If the PPFD value is still greater than 200 μmol·m⁻¹ after removing the violet and yellow light from the environment, the result is considered negative. -2 ·s -1 If light is insufficient, shading should be applied to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 200 μmol·m⁻². -2 ·s -1 When PPFD ≯ 200, supplemental lighting is provided to 200 μmol·m⁻¹ using a composite light source consisting of red, blue, green, and far-infrared beams. -2 ·s -1 ;

[0024] S9) Stop the supplemental lighting / shading operation at 20h and re-detect the environmental PPFD value;

[0025] S10) Monitor the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time from 20 to 24 hours. When PPFD≠0, shading is performed to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 0.

[0026] S11) Repeat the loop.

[0027] This invention also provides a system for implementing the above-mentioned method of controlling greenhouse light environment to suppress tomato gray mold, characterized in that: the system includes a greenhouse ambient light data acquisition unit, a comparison and judgment unit, and a supplemental lighting and shading control unit; the data acquisition unit acquires PPFD, relative spectral values ​​of each band, and light duration in the greenhouse in real time; the comparison and judgment unit compares the acquired ambient light parameters with the set parameter thresholds and implements different control measures according to different PPFD ranges and control periods; the supplemental lighting and shading control unit controls the increase and decrease of light intensity in different bands through command control to achieve the purpose of controlling light duration, PPFD value, and spectral composition; the data acquisition unit is connected to the comparison and judgment unit, and the comparison and judgment unit is connected to the supplemental lighting and shading control unit.

[0028] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a method for controlling tomato gray mold through multi-period light intensity and spectral variations in a greenhouse. Different light environment modes for disease control are set up, and the optimal light environment obtained through screening is a 24-hour cycle, with PPFD = 0 from 0-4h and PPFD = 200 μmol·m⁻¹ from 4-8h within the cycle. -2 ·s -1 ; 12-16hPPFD=500μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ; 16-20hPPFD=200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 With PPFD = 0 for 20-24 hours, the supplemental light spectrum consisted of red, blue, green, and far-red light, while the removal spectrum consisted of violet and yellow light. This effectively controlled the development of tomato gray mold while ensuring normal crop growth and saving energy. Subsequently, by comparing the obtained real-time greenhouse light environment parameters with the optimized light environment model, further adjustments were made to the greenhouse light environment to control tomato gray mold, reduce pesticide use, protect the environment, increase tomato yield, and maximize economic benefits.

[0029] This invention provides a method and system for controlling tomato gray mold by regulating the greenhouse light environment. The invention screens light duration, PPFD (photoperiod-free factor), and spectral combinations to determine the most effective light environment mode for controlling tomato gray mold. Then, by comparing the obtained real-time light environment parameters within the greenhouse with the optimized light environment mode, the changes in the greenhouse light environment are regulated to achieve the goal of controlling tomato gray mold.

[0030] This invention inhibits the occurrence and development of tomato gray mold by altering the light environment inside the greenhouse, effectively reducing the severity of tomato gray mold and simultaneously reducing the threat of fungicides to food safety and environmental protection, thus contributing to the development of sustainable agriculture.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1) This invention screens light duration, PPFD, and spectral combinations to obtain the most effective light environment mode for controlling the occurrence of tomato gray mold. This mode can effectively reduce the gray mold disease index and inhibit the occurrence and development of gray mold.

[0033] 2) Based on the aforementioned optimal light environment mode, this invention compares real-time light environment data in the greenhouse and adjusts the light duration, PPFD and spectral combination in the greenhouse to achieve the goal of controlling tomato gray mold by regulating the greenhouse light environment, thereby reducing the use of fungicides, reducing pesticide residues and environmental pollution, and maximizing economic benefits.

[0034] 3) This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies, namely, previous methods for controlling plant diseases by altering environmental conditions mostly relied on raising greenhouse temperature and lowering greenhouse humidity, lacking systematic control measures. Therefore, this invention systematically studies the effect of light, another major environmental factor in plant growth, on diseases, improves the environmental regulation system for diseases, and proposes complete control measures to effectively reduce the development of tomato gray mold.

[0035] 4) This invention addresses gray mold disease from three aspects: light duration, PPFD, and spectral composition, and has developed a relatively complete control plan. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the optimal light environment mode selection process for the disease control scheme of this invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the regulation results of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the specific implementation of the intelligent control scheme in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] See Figure 1 The gray mold disease index test for screening the optimal light environment mode of the disease control scheme of this invention:

[0042] Light environment mode: (8h 500μmol·m -2 ·s -1 8h 800μmol·m -2 ·s -1 12h500μmol·m -2 ·s -116h 200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 16h 500μmol·m -2 ·s -1 16h800μmol·m -2 ·s -1 Red + Blue + Yellow + Green + Purple + Far Red, 16h 500μmol·m -2 ·s -1 (Red + Blue + Yellow, Red + Blue + Green, Red + Blue + Purple, Red + Blue + Far Red, Red + Blue + Green + Purple + Far Red, Red + Blue + Yellow + Purple + Far Red, Red + Blue + Yellow + Green + Far Red, Red + Blue + Yellow + Green + Purple, Red + Blue, Red + Blue + Green + Far Red, Red + Blue + Yellow + Purple)

[0043] Test method:

[0044] 1) Tomato plants inoculated with Botrytis cinerea on their leaves were placed under different light conditions, while other environmental parameters remained the same (25°C during the day / 16°C at night; 90% RH);

[0045] 2) The disease index of tomato plants under different light environment conditions was statistically analyzed 60 hours after inoculation;

[0046] 3)

[0047] Grade 0: No disease; Grade 1: Lesions cover less than 5% of the total leaf area; Grade 3: Lesions cover 6%–10% of the total leaf area; Grade 5: Lesions cover 11%–25% of the total leaf area; Grade 7: Lesions cover 26%–50% of the total leaf area; Grade 9: Lesions cover more than 50% of the total leaf area.

[0048] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0049] Table 1. Determination of gray mold disease index (60 hpi) for screening optimal light environment modes in disease control programs.

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] As shown in Table 1, the disease index increased with increasing light exposure duration (8h 500μmol·m). -2 ·s -1 The disease was relatively mild; the disease index increased with the increase of PPFD, 16h 200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The disease incidence is relatively mild; the spectral combination of "red light + blue light + green light + far-red light" also results in a milder disease incidence. In summary, the optimal light environment mode is 8 hours at 500 μmol·m⁻².-2 ·s -1 +8h200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 "Red light + blue light + green light + far-red light".

[0053] Based on the aforementioned optimal light environment model, this invention further implements a light environment control scheme, comparing the real-time ambient light parameters (including light duration, PPFD, and spectral composition) obtained in the greenhouse with the light environment parameter thresholds of the disease control scheme, and then controlling and managing the light environment in a targeted and real-time manner to achieve the purpose of controlling the occurrence and spread of tomato gray mold.

[0054] See Figure 2 The method steps of the present invention are as follows:

[0055] 1) Real-time acquisition of light environment parameters in the greenhouse, including PPFD, relative spectral values ​​of each band, and light duration;

[0056] 2) Based on the acquired light environment parameters, compare them with the set parameter thresholds, and implement different control schemes according to different PPFD ranges and control periods;

[0057] 3) Based on different light environment conditions, the intensity of light in different wavelength bands can be adjusted by command control.

[0058] See Figure 3 The control scheme of this invention is based on a 24-hour cycle, within which:

[0059] 0-4h PPFD=0;

[0060] 4-8h PPFD=200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ;

[0061] 12-16h PPFD=500μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ;

[0062] 16-20h PPFD=200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ;

[0063] 20-24h PPFD=0.

[0064] In this control scheme, the supplementary light spectrum is red light + blue light + green light + far-red light, and the removal spectrum is violet light + yellow light.

[0065] See Figure 4 The steps of a specific embodiment of the present invention are as follows:

[0066] S1) The timer starts from the moment it is started, and a cycle of 24 hours is formed.

[0067] S2) Monitor the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time from 0 to 4 hours. When PPFD≠0, shading is performed to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 0.

[0068] S3) Stop the shading operation after 4 hours and re-detect the environmental PPFD value;

[0069] S4) Monitor the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time from 4 to 8 hours. When PPFD > 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 At that time, remove the violet and yellow light from the environment and re-detect the environmental PPFD value. If the PPFD value is still greater than 200 μmol·m⁻¹ after removing the violet and yellow light from the environment, the result is considered negative. -2 ·s -1 If light is insufficient, shading should be applied to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 200 μmol·m⁻². -2 ·s -1 When PPFD ≯ 200, supplemental lighting is provided to 200 μmol·m⁻¹ using a composite light source consisting of red, blue, green, and far-infrared beams. -2 ·s -1 ;

[0070] S5) Stop the supplemental lighting / shading operation at 8h and re-detect the environmental PPFD value;

[0071] S6) Monitor the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time from 8 to 16 hours. When PPFD > 500 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 At that time, remove the violet and yellow light from the environment and re-detect the environmental PPFD value. If the PPFD value is still greater than 500 μmol·m⁻¹ after removing the violet and yellow light from the environment, the result is considered negative. -2 ·s -1 If light is insufficient, shading should be applied to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 500 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 When PPFD ≯ 500, supplemental lighting is provided to 500 μmol·m⁻¹ using a composite light source consisting of red, blue, green, and far-infrared beams. -2 ·s -1 ;

[0072] S7) Stop the supplemental lighting / shading operation at 16h and re-detect the environmental PPFD value;

[0073] S8) Monitor the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time from 16 to 20 hours. When PPFD > 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1At that time, remove the violet and yellow light from the environment and re-detect the environmental PPFD value. If the PPFD value is still greater than 200 μmol·m⁻¹ after removing the violet and yellow light from the environment, the result is considered negative. -2 ·s -1 If light is insufficient, shading should be applied to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 200 μmol·m⁻². -2 ·s -1 When PPFD ≯ 200, supplemental lighting is provided to 200 μmol·m⁻¹ using a composite light source consisting of red, blue, green, and far-infrared beams. -2 ·s -1 ;

[0074] S9) Stop the supplemental lighting / shading operation at 20h and re-detect the environmental PPFD value;

[0075] S10) Monitor the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time from 20 to 24 hours. When PPFD≠0, shading is performed to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 0.

[0076] S11) Repeat the loop.

[0077] This invention also provides a system for controlling greenhouse light environment to suppress tomato gray mold. The system includes a greenhouse ambient light data acquisition unit, a comparison and judgment unit, and a supplemental lighting and shading control unit. The data acquisition unit acquires PPFD, relative spectral values ​​of each band, and light duration in the greenhouse in real time. The comparison and judgment unit compares the acquired ambient light parameters with set parameter thresholds and implements different control measures according to different PPFD ranges and control periods. The supplemental lighting and shading control unit controls the increase and decrease of light intensity in different bands through command control to achieve the purpose of controlling light duration, PPFD value, and spectral composition. The data acquisition unit is connected to the comparison and judgment unit, and the comparison and judgment unit is connected to the supplemental lighting and shading control unit.

[0078] The above are merely specific embodiments disclosed in this invention, but the scope of protection disclosed in this invention is not limited thereto. The scope of protection disclosed in this invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0079] The technical contents of this invention and those not specifically described in the above embodiments are the same as those in the prior art.

[0080] The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments; all embodiments described herein can be implemented and have the aforementioned good effects.

Claims

1. A method for controlling tomato gray mold by regulating greenhouse light environment, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: 1) Real-time acquisition of light environment parameters in the greenhouse, including PPFD, relative spectral values ​​of each band, and light duration; 2) Based on the acquired light environment parameters, compare them with the set parameter thresholds, and implement different control schemes according to different PPFD ranges and control periods; The control scheme is based on a 24-hour cycle, within which: 0-4h PPFD=0; 4-8h PPFD=200µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ; 12-16h PPFD=500µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ; 16-20h PPFD=200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 100. 20-24h PPFD=0; The supplementary light spectrum in the control scheme is red light + blue light + green light + far-red light, and the removal spectrum is violet light + yellow light; 3) Based on different light environment conditions, the intensity of light in different wavelength bands can be adjusted by command control.

2. The method for controlling tomato gray mold by regulating greenhouse light environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of this method are as follows: S1) The timer starts from the moment it is started, and a cycle of 24 hours is formed. S2) Monitor the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time from 0 to 4 hours. When PPFD≠0, shading is performed to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 0. S3) Stop the shading operation after 4 hours and re-detect the environmental PPFD value; S4) Monitor the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time from 4 to 8 hours. When PPFD > 200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 At that time, remove the violet and yellow light from the environment and re-detect the environmental PPFD value. If the PPFD value is still greater than 200 µmol·m⁻¹ after removing the violet and yellow light from the environment, the PPFD value is considered negative. -2 ·s -1 If light is insufficient, shading should be applied to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 200 µmol·m⁻². -2 ·s -1 When PPFD ≯ 200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 At that time, supplemental lighting was provided using a composite light source consisting of red, blue, green, and far-red rays to achieve a concentration of 200 µmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 ; S5) Stop the supplemental lighting / shading operation at 8h and re-detect the environmental PPFD value; S6) Monitor the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time from 8 to 16 hours. When PPFD > 500 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 At that time, remove the violet and yellow light from the environment and re-detect the environmental PPFD value. If the PPFD value is still greater than 500 µmol·m⁻¹ after removing the violet and yellow light from the environment, the PPFD value is considered negative. -2 ·s -1 If light is insufficient, shading should be applied to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 500 µmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 When PPFD ≯ 500 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 At that time, supplemental lighting was provided using a composite light source consisting of red, blue, green, and far-red rays to achieve a concentration of 500 µmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 ; S7) Stop the supplemental lighting / shading operation at 16h and re-detect the environmental PPFD value; S8) Monitor the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time from 16 to 20 hours. When PPFD > 200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 At that time, remove the violet and yellow light from the environment and re-detect the environmental PPFD value. If the PPFD value is still greater than 200 µmol·m⁻¹ after removing the violet and yellow light from the environment, the PPFD value is considered negative. -2 ·s -1 If light is insufficient, shading should be applied to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 200 µmol·m⁻². -2 ·s -1 When PPFD ≯ 200, supplemental lighting is provided to 200 µmol·m⁻¹ using a composite light source consisting of red, blue, green, and far-infrared beams. -2 ·s -1 ; S9) Stop the supplemental lighting / shading operation at 20h and re-detect the environmental PPFD value; S10) Monitor the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time from 20 to 24 hours. When PPFD≠0, shading is performed to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 0. S11) Repeat the loop.

3. A system for implementing the greenhouse light environment regulation method for suppressing tomato gray mold as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The system includes a greenhouse ambient light data acquisition unit, a comparison and judgment unit, and a supplemental lighting and shading control unit. The data acquisition unit acquires PPFD, relative spectral values ​​of each band, and light duration in the greenhouse in real time. The comparison and judgment unit compares the acquired ambient light parameters with set parameter thresholds and implements different control measures according to different PPFD ranges and control periods. The supplemental lighting and shading control unit controls the increase and decrease of light intensity in different bands through command control to achieve the purpose of controlling light duration, PPFD value, and spectral composition. The data acquisition unit is connected to the comparison and judgment unit, and the comparison and judgment unit is connected to the supplemental lighting and shading control unit.

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