Seedling planting and afforestation method for overcoming field planting obstacles in drought and barren mountainous regions

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of transplanting, digging, felling or pruning and field planting of trees, and discloses a seedling planting and afforestation method for overcoming field planting obstacles in drought and barren mountainous regions. And then the water storage substrate is filled in the semi-isolation chamber, so that water added into or infiltrated into the semi-isolation chamber is stored for growth of the nursery stocks instead of being lost in an evaporation or leakage form, and the nursery stocks are prevented from being stressed by water shortage. Meanwhile, the water storage substrate contains a large amount of long-acting organic matters, not only has the effects of loosening soil and storing water, but also can provide a carbon source for the added nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium bacteria for a long time, so that the microbial inoculum can provide nutrients for the seedlings for a longer time, and the seedlings are prevented from being stressed by nutrient deficiency. The above points are combined to solve the problems of field planting obstacles and low survival rate in afforestation in the drought and barren mountainous region, and the transplanting survival rate is obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tree transplanting, digging, felling or pruning, and in particular to a seedling planting and afforestation method for overcoming the obstacles of planting in arid and barren mountainous areas. Background Art

[0002] Arid and barren mountainous areas are characterized by annual precipitation below 400 mm and thin, infertile soils. They are widely distributed across the Loess Plateau in northwest my country and the rocky mountainous areas of North China. Based solely on climatic conditions such as light, heat, and water, the climax communities formed in these arid and barren mountainous areas through long periods of natural succession would be sparse shrubs or small tree forests. However, due to water and fertilizer loss in these arid and barren mountainous areas, the soil is poor and lacks water storage, limiting the natural formation of plant communities suited to the local climate. Furthermore, the lack of vegetation in these arid and barren mountainous areas leads to severe soil erosion, and the ecological environment is poised for further deterioration. However, using technological intervention to restore vegetation in these arid and barren mountainous areas can bypass the long natural succession process and establish artificial vegetation composed of shrubs and small trees that are suited to the local climate. This can accelerate vegetation succession, not only restoring the vegetation landscape and preventing soil erosion, but also gradually improving soil conditions, increasing land productivity, and promoting the formation of positive plant community succession. Therefore, the ecological value of artificial afforestation and vegetation restoration in arid and barren mountainous areas is very great.

[0003] Relatively few methods are available for afforestation in arid and barren mountainous areas. Closing off hillsides for reforestation or aerial seeding, as in humid regions, is not an option (due to the lack of water conservation and fertilization measures, afforestation is largely ineffective). Nor can large seedlings be directly transplanted as in plains (transportation conditions and soil depth prohibit this). Seedlings suitable for afforestation in arid and barren mountainous areas are generally small (typically no taller than 1 meter). These seedlings are at a developmental stage most sensitive to environmental stress (especially water stress) and are ecologically fragile. During transplantation, the sudden change from a nursery environment to an arid and barren one presents serious obstacles to establishment, resulting in very low survival rates and a common, embarrassing situation of "planting year after year without a forest."

[0004] Water-retaining agents are often used to improve afforestation survival rates in arid regions. This method is relatively effective in areas with a certain amount of rainfall, but in arid, barren mountainous areas, water-retaining agents can have negative effects, offsetting their moisture-retention benefits. Water-retaining agents are highly absorbent materials. When added to the soil in sufficient quantities, they absorb water from irrigation or from the surrounding soil to maintain soil moisture. However, since seedlings planted in arid, barren mountainous areas are young and vulnerable, their inherent water absorption capacity is very weak, making it difficult for them to absorb water from the more water-retaining agents. In some cases, the water-retaining agents can even absorb water from the seedlings, leading to seedling death and afforestation failure. Furthermore, water-retaining agents cannot provide nutrients for the seedlings. The soil in arid, barren mountainous areas is inherently poor, and soil mixed with water-retaining agents cannot alleviate the severe nutritional stress faced by the seedlings. Even if the seedlings survive, they will not grow normally due to nutrient deficiency and will eventually die. This problem cannot be solved by topdressing, because arid and barren mountains often have high mountains and steep slopes, and transportation is inconvenient. In addition, the soil structure in arid and barren mountains is poor, water and fertilizer leakage is serious, and the water and fertilizer retention effect is extremely poor. Even if conditions permit, fertilizer will be lost and wasted with surface runoff. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The invention provides a seedling planting and afforestation method for overcoming the planting obstacles in arid and barren mountainous areas.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved is: using seedlings less than 1 meter in height for afforestation in arid and barren mountainous areas will cause serious obstacles to their establishment because the seedlings are in the developmental stage that is most sensitive to environmental stress, and the arid and barren mountainous areas are subject to severe water and nutrient stress.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a seedling planting and afforestation method for overcoming the obstacles to planting in arid and barren mountainous areas, by creating a semi-isolated microenvironment that evolves over time, so that the environment in which the seedlings' roots are located gradually transitions from a nursery-like environment to a local environment at the afforestation site, allowing the seedlings to survive and grow in the process of gradually adapting to the environment; The transplanting process of the seedlings comprises the following steps: Step 1: Wrap the root system of the seedlings in a planting bag and fill the bag with a water storage matrix; The seedling bag is made of a degradable one-way water-permeable film, and the water permeability of the one-way water-permeable film is from the outside of the bag to the inside of the bag; The water storage matrix is a powder of lignified plant stems mixed with soil from the afforestation site, and the water storage matrix is also mixed with decomposed organic fertilizer for providing nutrients to the seedlings in the short term, and a microbial agent for providing nutrients to the seedlings in the long term; The water storage matrix meets the following conditions: it will not become compacted and can prevent water from being lost along the capillaries in the soil; Step 2: Place the seedling bag filled with the water storage matrix and the planted seedlings into the planting hole, and fill the gap between the seedling bag and the planting hole with the water storage matrix to form a capillary interruption layer for inhibiting the water stored in the seedling bag from being lost along the capillaries in the soil. The capillary interruption layer and the one-way permeable membrane together enclose a semi-isolated chamber for water storage. Step 3: Water the seedling bag until the water content of the water storage matrix in the seedling bag reaches 75-80% of the saturated water content, and then tie the bag tightly; Step 4: Cover the water storage matrix on top of the seedling bag until it is flush with the ground, and then cover the water storage matrix with a protective layer to prevent water evaporation and avoid the formation of a compacted soil layer on the water storage matrix. The water storage matrix and the protective layer on the seedling bag together serve as a rainwater infiltration and evaporation barrier layer; Step 5: Create a tree tray with a central depression around the root diameter of the seedlings, with a diameter of 30-100 cm and a depth of about 10 cm to collect rainwater.

[0008] Furthermore, the bacterial agent contains nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria that can use lignified plant stems as a carbon source. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria use air as a nitrogen source to fix nitrogen, providing nitrogen fertilizer for the long-term growth of seedlings; the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria release insoluble phosphorus and potassium elements in the water storage matrix and surrounding soil and rocks, providing phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer for the long-term growth of seedlings.

[0009] Furthermore, the ratio of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria in the bacterial agent was 0.5:0.3:0.2 in terms of CFU.

[0010] Furthermore, the following method is used to determine whether the water storage matrix will not become hardened and can prevent water from being lost along the capillaries in the soil: a ball of water storage matrix soaked in water is tightly grasped by hand. If the water storage matrix can be dispersed by itself after releasing the hand, it means that the water storage matrix will not become hardened and can prevent water from being lost along the capillaries in the soil.

[0011] Furthermore, the one-way water-permeable membrane is a PLA / PBAT blend membrane.

[0012] Furthermore, the rainwater infiltration and evaporation barrier layer includes a water storage matrix at least 5 cm thick, and the protective layer is weeds laid on the water storage matrix, and gravel or soil blocks are pressed on the weeds to prevent the weeds from being blown away by the wind.

[0013] Furthermore, if the afforestation site is located on a slope, the tree pit is a fish-scale pit with an opening toward the top of the slope.

[0014] Furthermore, the height of the seedlings does not exceed 1 meter, the volume of the seedling planting bag is not less than 10 liters, and the thickness of the capillary breaking layer is not less than 5 centimeters.

[0015] Furthermore, the lignified plant stem powder is a crushed material of sawdust or forest waste, and the mass ratio of the lignified plant stem powder to the organic fertilizer in the water storage matrix is 1:1.

[0016] Furthermore, root growth holes for roots to extend out are evenly arranged in the lower middle portion and the bottom of the seedling bag.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the seedling planting and afforestation method of the present invention for overcoming the obstacles of planting in arid and barren mountainous areas has the following beneficial effects: In this invention, a semi-isolated chamber is created underground by using a one-way permeable membrane (which can regulate the direction of water migration in the soil) and a capillary break layer (which blocks water that leaks and evaporates along the soil capillaries, as this lost water cannot be blocked by the one-way permeable membrane). This semi-isolated chamber is then filled with a water storage matrix, which allows the water that enters the semi-isolated chamber to be stored for seedling growth. This reduces evaporation and osmotic losses, protecting the seedlings from water shortages. Furthermore, the water storage matrix contains a large amount of long-lasting organic matter (lignified plant stem powder), which not only loosens the soil structure and stores water but also provides a long-term carbon source for added nitrogen-fixing, phosphate-solubilizing, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria. This allows the inoculum to provide long-term nutrition for the seedlings, protecting them from nutrient deficiency. The combination of these features solves the problem of planting obstacles that often occur in arid and infertile mountainous areas, significantly improving the survival rate of transplanted plants. At the same time, the structures used to improve the survival rate of seedlings in the present invention are all degradable. After degradation, the environment around the seedling roots will gradually transition from a nursery-like environment to a local environment. The seedlings will safely pass through the fragile period in this process and gradually enhance their survival and adaptability. After survival, the seedling roots will be closely integrated with the local soil, which can achieve a series of ecological benefits including soil and water conservation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a seedling planting and afforestation method for overcoming planting obstacles in arid and barren mountainous areas according to the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of afforestation using seedlings of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the planting hole; Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the seedling bag; In the figure, 1-seedlings, 2-one-way permeable membrane, 21-root growth holes, 3-capillary interruption layer, 4-semi-isolation chamber, 5-rainwater infiltration and evaporation barrier layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Take the key technology project for efficient restoration of vegetation in difficult sites, which applies the present invention, as an example (project number 2024YFD2200500, in which the survival rate of seedlings 1 can reach over 95%). Figure 1-2As shown, a seedling planting method for overcoming the obstacles to planting in arid and barren mountainous areas creates a semi-isolated microenvironment that evolves over time, so that the environment in which the roots of the seedlings are located gradually transitions from a nursery-like environment to the local environment of the afforestation site. From the time seedling 1 is planted until it has survived, it effectively lives in an environment similar to that of a nursery, allowing it to safely navigate its most sensitive developmental stage. As water and organic fertilizer gradually deplete, the supply of water and fertilizer decreases, allowing seedling 1 to gradually adapt to the local environment of the afforestation site. Simultaneously, thanks to nutrients released by the microbial agent and moisture stored in the water-storage matrix from precipitation, seedling 1 is protected from water shortages and nutrient deficiencies that could hinder its growth. Once the long-lasting organic matter in the water-storage matrix and the one-way permeable membrane 2 have completely degraded, seedling 1 has fully overcome its ecologically vulnerable period. Its roots penetrate a wider range of soil layers, absorbing water and nutrients, ensuring its survival and growth, free from the stresses and influences of the arid and infertile environment.

[0020] Note that the present invention is not suitable for use in desert areas with a rainfall of less than 200 mm, but should be used in arid and semi-arid areas with a rainfall of 200-400 mm. Otherwise, even if a series of water collection and storage measures are in place, they will not be effective.

[0021] The transplanting process of seedling 1 includes the following steps: Step 1: Wrap the roots of the seedling 1 in a planting bag and fill the planting bag with a water storage matrix; The seedling bag is made of a degradable one-way water-permeable film 2, and the water permeability direction of the one-way water-permeable film 2 is from the outside of the bag to the inside of the bag; The one-way permeable membrane 2 is typically a double-layer fabric, heat-pressed together. One layer has very small pores, while the other has larger pores. When the larger-pore layer faces the water, water can pass through, but not the other way around. This ensures that precipitation only enters the planting bag, preventing water from escaping. Combined with the capillary interruption layer 3, this creates a semi-isolated chamber 4.

[0022] The water storage matrix is a powder of lignified plant stems mixed with soil from the afforestation site. The water storage matrix is also mixed with decomposed organic fertilizer for providing nutrients to the seedlings 1 in the short term, and a microbial agent for providing nutrients to the seedlings 1 in the long term. The water storage matrix meets the following conditions: it will not become compacted and can prevent water from being lost along the capillaries in the soil; Here, lignified plant stem powder is used to bulk up the soil. This not only improves its breathability, but also absorbs and stores water, unlike sandy soil, which allows it to escape without loss. This ensures both breathability and water retention. Note that quickly degradable organic matter, such as hay powder, should not be used in place of lignified plant stem powder. Because lignified plant stem powder contains lignin, it degrades much more slowly, resulting in a longer-lasting effect.

[0023] Organic fertilizers can provide a full range of nutrients required for the growth of seedlings and fungal agents over a period of time, including various trace elements. They are effective longer than chemical fertilizers and can also improve soil structure.

[0024] Step 2: Dig a planting hole at the afforestation site, place a planting bag filled with a water storage matrix and a planted seedling 1 into the planting hole, and fill the gap between the planting bag and the planting hole (including the bottom) with the water storage matrix to form a capillary interruption layer 3 for inhibiting the loss of water stored in the planting bag along the capillary tubes in the soil. The capillary interruption layer 3 and the one-way permeable membrane 2 together enclose a semi-isolated chamber 4 for storing water; in this embodiment, the excavation is as follows Figure 3 The cylindrical planting hole shown is 25 cm in diameter and 30 cm deep.

[0025] The capillary breaking layer 3 is indispensable here. Without the capillary breaking layer 3, even if the water storage matrix in the seedling bag is full of water, the water will slowly be lost along the capillaries in the soil under the action of capillary force. The water lost in this form cannot be blocked by the one-way permeable membrane 2.

[0026] Step 3: Water the seedling bag until the water content of the water storage matrix in the seedling bag reaches 75-80% of the saturated water content, and then tie the bag tightly; The seedling bag in this embodiment is as follows Figure 4 The cylindrical bag shown is 20 cm long, 32 cm high, and has a capacity of 10 L. In areas with water resources, the water storage matrix can also be soaked in water to absorb water to 75-80% of its saturation water content.

[0027] Step 4: Cover the water storage matrix on top of the seedling bag until it is flush with the ground, and then cover the water storage matrix with a protective layer to prevent water evaporation and avoid the formation of a compacted soil layer on the water storage matrix. The water storage matrix and the protective layer on the seedling bag together serve as a rainwater infiltration and evaporation barrier layer; If the soil above the seedling bag is compacted, it is difficult for precipitation to penetrate and the present invention cannot take effect. Therefore, it is necessary to set an anti-compaction structure on the surface, which also plays the effect of sunshade and preventing water evaporation.

[0028] Step 5: Create a tree tray around the root diameter of the seedling with a central depression, a diameter of 30-100 cm, and a depth of about 10 cm to collect rainwater.

[0029] In this embodiment, the microbial agent includes nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-dissolving bacteria, and potassium-dissolving bacteria that can utilize lignified plant stems as a carbon source. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria uses air as a nitrogen source to fix nitrogen, providing nitrogen fertilizer for the seedling 1 for a long time; the phosphate-dissolving bacteria and potassium-dissolving bacteria release the insoluble phosphorus and potassium elements in the water storage matrix and the surrounding soil and rocks, providing phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer for the seedling 1 for a long time. Organic fertilizer can also quickly provide a carbon source for the microbial agent and the seedling 1 in the early stage of planting seedlings and afforestation, and can also provide various trace elements for the seedling 1 and the microbial agent. These trace elements consume little and can be effective for a long time. The lignified plant stem powder decomposes slowly and provides various nutrients for the microbial agent and the seedling 1 in a long-term and stable manner, ensuring that the various microorganisms in the microbial agent form a symbiosis with the root system of the seedling 1.

[0030] These microbial agents should be present in the water storage matrix at a high concentration from the beginning, such as more than 100 million CFU / ml, to shorten the time it takes for them to multiply. After the organic matter added to the soil is exhausted, the seedling 1 has grown up, and the root system is sound, the microbial agent can form a symbiosis with the plant's root system. Microbial agents can be purchased directly as microbial fertilizers containing these three types of bacteria, without the need to prepare them yourself. Note that even if the seedling 1 is not a legume, when purchasing microbial agents, it is best to choose one that contains both autotrophic and symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Rhizobia can survive on plant residues when there are no symbiotic plants, and can coexist with legume weeds after they grow. Fragrans can even coexist with non-legumes.

[0031] The ratio of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria in the inoculum is 0.5:0.3:0.2, calculated in terms of CFU. This ratio ensures that the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium released into the soil roughly meets the survival and growth requirements of seedling 1.

[0032] There is no clear standard for the dosage of each component of the water storage matrix. The dosage must be adjusted based on the soil in different regions to ensure that the soil in the seedling bag does not become compacted and that water is prevented from escaping through the capillaries in the soil. In this embodiment, the following method is used to determine whether the water storage matrix has achieved the desired effect: A ball of water storage matrix, soaked in water, is grasped tightly. If the water storage matrix disperses upon release, this indicates that the water storage matrix is not compacted and is capable of preventing water from escaping through the capillaries in the soil.

[0033] In this embodiment, the one-way water-permeable membrane 2 is a PLA / PBAT blend membrane. This membrane does not degrade too quickly and has strength that meets the requirements.

[0034] In this embodiment, the rainwater infiltration and evaporation barrier layer includes a water storage matrix at least 5 cm thick, and the protective layer is weeds or dead branches and leaves (locally sourced) laid on the water storage matrix. Gravel or soil blocks are also pressed on the weeds to prevent them from being blown away by the wind.

[0035] This structure effectively ensures that the soil above the planting bag will not be compacted to prevent rainwater from seeping into the planting bag, while also using local materials to save costs.

[0036] If the afforestation site is located on a slope, the tree ring will be a fish-scale pit with the opening facing the top of the slope, so as to more effectively collect surface runoff generated during rainfall and play a water collection role.

[0037] In this embodiment, the seedlings 1 are no longer than 1 meter, the volume of the seedling bag is no less than 10 liters, and the thickness of the capillary breaking layer 3 is no less than 5 centimeters.

[0038] The structure of the present invention makes the soil around the roots of the seedlings 1 in the planting bag relatively loose, and the buried planting bag plays the role of isolating from the surrounding dry and barren environment and ensuring unidirectional water infiltration, thereby forming a microenvironment system suitable for the survival and growth of the seedlings 1, ensuring the survival and normal growth of the seedlings 1. If the seedlings 1 to be planted are large, the specifications of the planting bag and the size of the planting hole can be increased as needed.

[0039] In this embodiment, the lignified plant stem powder in the water storage matrix is made from pulverized existing forest waste. For example, pruned fruit tree branches, garden waste, and sawdust can all meet the requirements of the present invention, eliminating the need for specialized sourcing. A 1:1 mass ratio of lignified plant stem powder to organic fertilizer effectively balances short-term nutrient supply with long-term carbon source requirements.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, root growth holes 21 for roots to extend out are evenly provided at the bottom and the middle and lower parts of the seedling bag. These holes cannot be too large, as too large an aperture will destroy the water-retaining effect of the one-way water-permeable membrane 2. If round holes are opened, the aperture should not exceed 1 cm, and the number should not exceed 10. A cross-shaped opening or a straight-shaped opening can also be opened by cutting with a knife, with a length not exceeding 1 cm. This opening has less impact on the water-retaining effect of the seedling bag. Of course, if the seedling 1 does not have a particularly obvious and fast-growing main root, the root growth holes 21 can also be omitted. The strength of the one-way water-permeable membrane 2 will decrease during the degradation process, which is enough to be penetrated by the roots.

[0041] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seedling planting and afforestation method for overcoming the obstacles to planting in arid and barren mountainous areas, characterized by: By creating a semi-isolated microenvironment that evolves over time, the root environment of the seedlings (1) gradually transitions from a nursery-like environment to a local environment at the afforestation site, and the seedlings (1) complete their survival and growth in the process of gradually adapting to the environment; The transplanting process of the seedlings (1) comprises the following steps: Step 1: Wrap the root system of the seedling (1) in a seedling bag, and fill the seedling bag with a water storage matrix; The seedling bag is made of a degradable one-way water-permeable film (2), and the water permeability direction of the one-way water-permeable film (2) is from the outside of the bag to the inside of the bag; The water storage matrix is a powder of lignified plant stems mixed with soil from the afforestation site, and the water storage matrix is also mixed with decomposed organic fertilizer for providing nutrients to the seedlings (1) in the short term, and a microbial agent for providing nutrients to the seedlings (1) in the long term; The water storage matrix meets the following conditions: it will not become compacted and can prevent water from being lost along the capillaries in the soil; Step 2: Dig a planting hole at the afforestation site, place a planting bag filled with a water storage matrix and planted seedlings (1) into the planting hole, and fill the gap between the planting bag and the planting hole with the water storage matrix to form a capillary interruption layer (3) for inhibiting the water stored in the planting bag from being lost along the capillaries in the soil. The capillary interruption layer (3) and the one-way permeable membrane (2) together enclose a semi-isolated chamber (4) for water storage. Step 3: Water the seedling bag until the water content of the water storage matrix in the seedling bag reaches 75-80% of the saturated water content, and then tie the bag tightly; Step 4: Cover the water storage matrix on top of the seedling bag until it is flush with the ground, and then cover the water storage matrix with a protective layer to prevent water evaporation and avoid the formation of a compacted soil layer on the water storage matrix. The water storage matrix and the protective layer on the seedling bag together serve as a rainwater infiltration and evaporation barrier layer (5); Step 5: Create a tree tray with a central depression and a diameter of 30-100 cm around the root diameter of the seedling (1) to collect rainwater.

2. The seedling planting and afforestation method for overcoming the obstacles to planting in arid and barren mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bacterial agent comprises nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria that can utilize lignified plant stems as a carbon source. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria uses air as a nitrogen source to fix nitrogen, thereby providing nitrogen fertilizer for the seedlings (1) for a long time. The phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria release insoluble phosphorus and potassium elements in the water storage matrix and surrounding soil and rocks, thereby providing phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer for the growth of the seedlings (1) for a long time.

3. The seedling planting and afforestation method for overcoming the obstacles to planting in arid and barren mountainous areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: Calculated in CFU, the ratio of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria in the bacterial agent is 0.5:0.3:0.

2.

4. The seedling planting and afforestation method for overcoming the obstacles to planting in arid and barren mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following method is used to determine whether the water storage matrix will not become hardened and can prevent water from being lost along the capillaries in the soil: hold a ball of water storage matrix soaked in water tightly with your hand. If the water storage matrix can disperse on its own after you let go, it means that the water storage matrix will not become hardened and can prevent water from being lost along the capillaries in the soil.

5. The seedling planting and afforestation method for overcoming the obstacles to planting in arid and barren mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way water-permeable membrane (2) is a PLA / PBAT blend membrane.

6. The seedling planting and afforestation method for overcoming the obstacles to planting in arid and barren mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rainwater infiltration and evaporation barrier layer (5) comprises a water storage matrix at least 5 cm thick, and the protective layer is weeds spread on the water storage matrix, and gravel or soil blocks are pressed on the weeds to prevent the weeds from being blown away by the wind.

7. The seedling planting and afforestation method for overcoming the obstacles to planting in arid and barren mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the afforestation site is on a slope, the tree pit will be a fish-scale pit with the opening facing the top of the slope.

8. The seedling planting and afforestation method for overcoming the obstacles to planting in arid and barren mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the seedlings (1) does not exceed 1 meter, the volume of the seedling bag is not less than 10 liters, and the thickness of the capillary breaking layer (3) is not less than 5 centimeters.

9. The seedling planting and afforestation method for overcoming the obstacles to planting in arid and barren mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lignified plant stem powder is a crushed material of sawdust or forest waste. In the water storage matrix, the mass ratio of the lignified plant stem powder to the organic fertilizer is 1:

1.

10. The seedling planting and afforestation method for overcoming the obstacles to planting in arid and barren mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: Root growth holes (21) for roots to extend out are evenly arranged in the lower middle portion and the bottom of the seedling bag.

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