A multi-layer incubator for salmon and an incubation method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of fish egg hatching, and particularly relates to a multi-layer hatcher for salmon and a hatching method thereof. The hatcher comprises a hatching pool and a plurality of bearing units arranged in the hatching pool. A spacing adjustment mechanism and a conveying unit are further arranged in the hatching pool. The conveying unit comprises a plurality of nozzles. A control module is arranged on the top of the hatching pool. The control module generates a control signal according to the change of the hatching spacing. The control signal is used to drive the conveying unit to adjust the water output of the nozzles. The output water flow parameters of the nozzles and the change of the hatching spacing maintain a preset corresponding relationship. The hatching spacing of the bearing units and the water flow parameters of the nozzles are controlled in linkage, so that the problem of uneven water flow coverage and the problem that the oxygen supply cannot match the needs of the development stage of the fish eggs in the traditional fixed-spacing hatcher are solved. The dynamically adjustable hatching spacing can flexibly adjust the interlayer space according to the different development stages of the salmon eggs, so that the precise adaptation of the oxygen environment and the water flow intensity is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fish egg incubation technology, specifically to a multi-layer incubator for salmon and its incubation method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of artificial breeding of marine fish, the egg membranes of these fish form highly viscous clumps upon contact with seawater, hindering oxygen exchange within the fertilized eggs and promoting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms during artificial breeding. Coupled with a long incubation period, the hatching success rate is generally low. To address this issue, existing technologies improve fertilization rates by artificially shaping egg flaps and improve the incubation environment through methods such as light bathing and water flow stimulation, thus enhancing breeding outcomes to some extent.

[0003] However, the current hatching process still faces significant bottlenecks: mainstream technologies rely on small facilities such as hatching buckets and hatching tanks, and mostly adopt still water or limited flow hatching methods. The water flow is insufficient, making it difficult to meet the requirements of large-scale breeding for uniform dissolved oxygen and water quality stability. For example, although Chinese patent CN115226661B proposes a highly efficient and simple hatching method for adhesive fish eggs, which constructs a relatively open hatching space through a flow-type hatching system using multi-layer hatching net cages, water spray devices, and aeration devices, in practical applications, the multi-layer structure of the hatching net cages relies on fixed supports for hanging, and the ability to adjust the spacing between the supporting units is limited, making it difficult to dynamically optimize the hatching space according to the developmental stage of the fish eggs. At the same time, the parameter control of the water spray device is mostly based on preset conditions, which may lead to problems such as uneven water flow or dissolved oxygen, thus affecting the hatching of fish eggs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, a multi-layered incubator for salmon and its incubation method are provided. By linking the incubation spacing of the carrying units with the water flow parameters of the nozzles, the problems of uneven water flow coverage and inability to match dissolved oxygen supply with the developmental needs of fish eggs in traditional fixed-spacing incubators are solved. The dynamically adjustable incubation spacing can flexibly adjust the interlayer space according to different developmental stages of salmon eggs, achieving precise adaptation of dissolved oxygen environment and water flow intensity.

[0005] To address the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-layered incubator for salmon, comprising an incubation pool and multiple support units disposed within the incubation pool; the multiple support units can synchronously reciprocate along the height direction of the incubation pool, forming an adjustable incubation spacing between adjacent support units; a spacing adjustment mechanism is also provided within the incubation pool for synchronously driving the multiple support units to adjust the incubation spacing; each of the multiple support units is connected to the spacing adjustment mechanism; a conveying unit is disposed on the side of the support units within the incubation pool, the conveying unit including multiple nozzles for conveying water flow into the incubation spacing; a control module is disposed at the top of the incubation pool, the control module being electrically connected to the spacing adjustment mechanism and the conveying unit, the control module being configured to detect and acquire parameters of the incubation spacing in real time; a control signal is generated based on the change in the incubation spacing, the control signal being used to drive the conveying unit to adjust the water output of the nozzles; ensuring that the output water flow parameters of the nozzles maintain a preset correspondence with the change in the incubation spacing.

[0006] Preferably, the support unit includes a mounting frame, the bottom of which is provided with a mounting membrane for supporting salmon eggs, and a vibration mechanism for driving the mounting membrane to vibrate is provided below the mounting frame.

[0007] Preferably, the vibration mechanism includes a vibration frame with multiple guide rods extending vertically on the vibration frame, and a mounting frame with mounting seats that match the guide rods. Each guide rod is provided with an elastic element, and the guide rod is slidably disposed in the mounting seat along its length. The mounting membrane is fixedly connected to the vibration frame.

[0008] Preferably, the vibration mechanism further includes a first rotary drive motor, a mounting plate, a fixed shaft, and a connecting rod. The mounting plate is rotatably mounted on the side of the mounting frame, the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the vibration frame and the fixed shaft. The first rotary drive motor is fixedly connected to the mounting frame, and the mounting plate is driven by the first rotary drive motor.

[0009] Preferably, the conveying unit further includes a water supply pipe and multiple conveying pipes equidistantly arranged along the length of the hatching tank, with multiple nozzles equidistantly arranged on the conveying pipes; the conveying pipes are connected to the control module via a transmission, and all conveying pipes are connected to the water supply pipe; the water supply pipe is equipped with a first flow control valve for adjusting the water flow rate and a first solenoid valve for controlling the interruption of water flow.

[0010] Preferably, the conveying unit further includes an aeration component electrically connected to the control module, and the control module is configured to, after real-time detection and acquisition of the hatching spacing parameters, synchronously generate control signals for controlling the gas output parameters of the aeration component based on the changes in the hatching spacing of multiple carrier units, so that the gas output parameters of the aeration component maintain a preset correspondence with the changes in the hatching spacing.

[0011] Preferably, the aeration assembly includes an air supply pipe and multiple installation pipes arranged at the bottom of the hatching tank along the length of the hatching tank. Each installation pipe is equipped with multiple aeration discs. All installation pipes are connected to the air supply pipe, and the air supply pipe is equipped with a second flow control valve and a second solenoid valve.

[0012] Preferably, the spacing adjustment mechanism includes a scissor lift that can extend and retract along the height of the hatching pool, with multiple load-bearing units equidistantly installed on the nodes of the scissor lift.

[0013] Preferably, the spacing adjustment mechanism is also equipped with a distance sensor for monitoring the extension distance of the scissor lift.

[0014] A salmon hatching method, applied to the aforementioned multi-layer salmon incubator, includes the following steps: S1. Based on the developmental stage of salmon eggs, the control module presets the correspondence between the hatching interval and the water output of the nozzle.

[0015] S2. The control spacing adjustment mechanism synchronously drives multiple carrier units to move, adjusting the hatching spacing between adjacent carrier units to a target value that matches the current development stage.

[0016] S3. The control module acquires the current incubation spacing parameters in real time and generates control signals based on the preset correspondence.

[0017] S4. The nozzle of the conveying unit is driven by a control signal to adjust the water output, so that the output water flow parameters are adjusted synchronously with the change of the hatching interval to adapt to the dissolved oxygen and water flow requirements of fish eggs at different developmental stages.

[0018] S5. Based on the characteristics of different batches of fish eggs or the real-time monitoring of the hatching effect, repeat steps S1-S4 to dynamically adjust the hatching spacing and nozzle water output to achieve adaptive control of the hatching environment.

[0019] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are: 1. This invention solves the problems of uneven water flow coverage and inability to match dissolved oxygen supply to the developmental needs of fish eggs in traditional fixed-spacing incubators by linking the hatching spacing of the carrying unit with the water flow parameters of the nozzles. The dynamically adjustable hatching spacing can flexibly adjust the interlayer space according to different developmental stages of salmon eggs (such as the mild water flow environment required for early anti-adhesion and the stronger water exchange required for mid-to-late oxygenation). Combined with the synchronous control of the nozzle water output, it achieves precise matching of dissolved oxygen environment and water flow intensity, effectively improving the hatching survival rate and development uniformity of fish eggs. In addition, the real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of the hatching spacing by the control module reduces manual intervention, improves the stability and efficiency of the hatching process, and has a compact overall structure.

[0020] 2. This invention, by combining a membrane installation with a vibration mechanism, solves the problem of salmon eggs sticking together during incubation due to static accumulation or insufficient natural water flow impact. This effectively reduces the risk of localized hypoxia and bacterial growth caused by egg aggregation, thus improving the overall survival rate of the eggs. The vibration also simulates the disturbance effect of water flow on the eggs in natural waters, promoting microcirculation in the water surrounding the eggs, enhancing dissolved oxygen transfer efficiency, and improving the uniformity of the incubation environment.

[0021] 3. This invention achieves dynamic matching between dissolved oxygen supply and hatching spacing through the linkage control of the aeration components via a control module, solving the problem of fixed aeration parameters in traditional incubators that cannot adapt to spatial changes. When the hatching spacing is adjusted due to differences in fish egg development stages or batches, the gas output parameters of the aeration components can be synchronously and adaptively adjusted to ensure that the dissolved oxygen concentration in different hatching spaces is within the optimal range. This avoids insufficient dissolved oxygen caused by widening the spacing and also prevents air bubbles from impacting the fish eggs that may be caused by narrowing the spacing. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a multi-layered incubator for salmon. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a multi-layered incubator for salmon. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a multi-layered incubator for salmon. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a multi-layered incubator for salmon. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the incubation tank in a multi-layered incubator for salmon. Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hatching tank and conveying unit in a multi-layered incubator for salmon; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the hatching tank and conveying unit in a multi-layered incubator for salmon; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the carrying unit, spacing adjustment mechanism, and conveying unit within the incubation tank of a multi-layered incubator for salmon. Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the vibration mechanism on the support unit of a multi-layered incubator for salmon. Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0023] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Hatching tank; 11. Support unit; 111. Mounting frame; 1111. Mounting base; 112. Mounting membrane; 113. Vibration mechanism; 1131. Vibration frame; 11311. Guide rod; 11312. Elastic element; 1132. Mounting plate; 11321. Fixed shaft; 11322. Connecting rod; 1133. First rotary drive motor; 12. Spacing adjustment mechanism; 121. Scissor lift frame; 122. Distance sensor; 13. Conveying unit; 131. Nozzle; 1311. Conveying pipe; 132. Water supply pipe; 1321. First flow control valve; 1322. First solenoid valve; 133. Aeration assembly; 1331. Air supply pipe; 13311. Second flow control valve; 13312. Second solenoid valve; 1332. Mounting pipe; 13321. Aeration disc; 14. Control module. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 6 and Figure 9 As shown: A multi-layer incubator for salmon includes an incubation pool 1 and multiple support units 11 disposed within the incubation pool 1; the multiple support units 11 can move synchronously back and forth along the height direction of the incubation pool 1, and an adjustable incubation spacing is formed between two adjacent support units 11; a spacing adjustment mechanism 12 is also provided in the incubation pool 1 for synchronously driving the multiple support units 11 to adjust the incubation spacing; the multiple support units 11 are all connected to the spacing adjustment mechanism 12; a conveying unit 13 is provided on the side of the support unit 11 in the incubation pool 1, the conveying unit 13 includes multiple nozzles 131 for conveying water flow into the incubation spacing; a control module 14 is provided on the top of the incubation pool 1, the control module 14 is electrically connected to the spacing adjustment mechanism 12 and the conveying unit 13, the control module 14 is configured to detect and acquire the parameters of the incubation spacing in real time; generate a control signal according to the change of the incubation spacing, the control signal is used to drive the conveying unit 13 to adjust the water output of the nozzles 131; so that the output water flow parameters of the nozzles 131 maintain a preset correspondence with the change of the incubation spacing.

[0026] Multiple carrier units 11 are driven by the spacing adjustment mechanism 12 to move synchronously back and forth along the height direction of the hatching tank 1, thereby adjusting the hatching spacing between adjacent carrier units 11. The carrier units 11 are used to carry salmon eggs and adjust the interlayer space according to the spacing changes. The control module 14 is electrically connected to the spacing adjustment mechanism 12 and the conveying unit 13, and detects and acquires the hatching spacing parameters between two carrier units 11 in real time. Based on the change in hatching spacing, a corresponding control signal is generated. This signal drives the nozzle 131 of the conveying unit 13 to adjust the water output, so that the parameters of the water flow output by the nozzle 131 (such as flow rate, flow velocity, etc.) form a preset correspondence with the change in hatching spacing. Thus, under different hatching spacings, the dissolved oxygen environment in the hatching area between carrier units 11 is kept stable through adaptive adjustment of water flow, meeting the dynamic requirements of water flow and dissolved oxygen during the hatching process of salmon eggs.

[0027] By linking the hatching spacing of the carrying unit 11 with the water flow parameters of the nozzle 131, the problems of uneven water flow coverage and inability to match dissolved oxygen supply with the developmental needs of fish eggs in traditional fixed-spacing incubators are solved. The dynamically adjustable hatching spacing can flexibly adjust the interlayer space according to different developmental stages of salmon eggs (such as the mild water flow environment required for early anti-adhesion and the stronger water flow exchange required for mid-to-late aeration). Combined with the synchronous control of the water output of the nozzle 131, precise matching of dissolved oxygen environment and water flow intensity is achieved, effectively improving the hatching survival rate and development uniformity of fish eggs. In addition, the real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of the hatching spacing by the control module 14 reduces manual intervention, improves the stability and efficiency of the hatching process, and has a compact overall structure.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown: The support unit 11 includes a mounting frame 111, the bottom of the mounting frame 111 is provided with a mounting membrane 112 for supporting salmon eggs, and a vibration mechanism 113 is provided below the mounting frame 111 for driving the mounting membrane 112 to vibrate.

[0029] The mounting frame 111 of the support unit 11 serves as the main structure, with the mounting membrane 112 at its bottom directly supporting the salmon eggs. When the vibration mechanism 113 below the mounting frame 111 is activated, it drives the mounting membrane 112 to vibrate via methods such as motor drive or eccentric wheel rotation. This vibration disperses the salmon eggs that might otherwise aggregate or stick together due to contact or water flow impact, preventing egg accumulation that could lead to insufficient dissolved oxygen or physical damage. Simultaneously, it ensures a more even distribution of the eggs on the mounting membrane 112, guaranteeing that each salmon egg receives sufficient contact with dissolved oxygen and nutrients in the surrounding water, thereby improving the hatching and survival rate of the salmon eggs.

[0030] By combining the membrane 112 with the vibration mechanism 113, the problem of salmon eggs sticking together during hatching due to static accumulation or insufficient natural water flow impact is solved. This effectively reduces the risk of local hypoxia and bacterial growth caused by egg clustering, thus improving the overall survival rate of the eggs. The vibration also simulates the disturbance effect of water flow on the eggs in natural waters, promoting microcirculation in the water surrounding the eggs, enhancing dissolved oxygen transfer efficiency, and improving the uniformity of the hatching environment. The vibration mechanism 113 provides an active and controllable environmental regulation method for salmon egg hatching, which is more adaptable and reliable than the traditional passive water flow-dependent hatching method, thus improving the overall quality and efficiency of salmon hatching.

[0031] like Figures 2 to 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown: The vibration mechanism 113 includes a vibration frame 1131, on which a plurality of guide rods 11311 extending in the vertical direction are provided. The mounting frame 111 is provided with mounting seats 1111 that match the guide rods 11311. Each guide rod 11311 is provided with an elastic element 11312. The guide rod 11311 is slidably disposed in the mounting seat 1111 along its length direction. The mounting membrane 112 is fixedly connected to the vibration frame 1131.

[0032] When the vibration mechanism 113 is activated, the guide rods 11311 on the vibration frame 1131 move synchronously with the vibration frame 1131 and slide within the mounting base 1111 of the mounting bracket 111, ensuring the stability and straightness of the movement trajectory of the vibration frame 1131. Since each guide rod 11311 is equipped with an elastic element 11312, when the vibration frame 1131 moves upward or downward, the elastic element 11312 will undergo compression or tension deformation due to the relative displacement between the guide rod 11311 and the mounting base 1111, thereby storing elastic potential energy. Through the setting of the elastic element 11312, the stored potential energy can be released during the movement of the vibration frame 1131, providing auxiliary driving force for the reverse movement of the vibration frame 1131, while buffering the impact force between the vibration frame 1131 and the mounting bracket 111. This process of storing and releasing elastic potential energy makes the reciprocating motion of the vibration frame 1131 smoother and more continuous, avoiding sudden vibration changes caused by rigid collisions. The mounting membrane 112 is fixedly connected to the vibration frame 1131, so it can continuously and stably receive vibration transmission from the vibration frame 1131, so that the salmon eggs on the mounting membrane 112 are always in a mild and uniform vibration environment, effectively preventing the salmon eggs from sticking together and accumulating.

[0033] like Figures 2 to 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown: The vibration mechanism 113 also includes a first rotary drive motor 1133, a mounting plate 1132, a fixed shaft 11321, and a connecting rod 11322. The mounting plate 1132 is rotatably mounted on the side of the mounting frame 111. The fixed shaft 11321 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 1132. The two ends of the connecting rod 11322 are respectively hinged to the vibration frame 1131 and the fixed shaft 11321. The first rotary drive motor 1133 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 111. The mounting plate 1132 is drively connected to the first rotary drive motor 1133.

[0034] When the first rotary drive motor 1133 starts, its output shaft drives the mounting plate 1132, which is connected to it, to rotate around its own axis on the side of the mounting frame 111. Since the fixed shaft 11321 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 1132 and offset from its rotation center, it rotates synchronously with the mounting plate 1132. This rotation of the fixed shaft 11321 drives the movement of the connecting rod 11322. Because the two ends of the connecting rod 11322 are hinged to the vibration frame 1131 and the fixed shaft 11321 respectively, the connecting rod 11322 can exert a reciprocating pushing and pulling force on the vibration frame 1131. Since the guide rod 11311 on the vibration frame 1131 can slide within the mounting base 1111 of the mounting frame 111, it provides a motion constraint for the vibration frame 1131 along the height direction. Therefore, under the pushing and pulling action of the connecting rod 11322, the vibration frame 1131 can only reciprocate linearly along the height direction of the mounting frame 111. The mounting membrane 112 is fixedly connected to the vibration frame 1131, thereby synchronously obtaining reciprocating vibration along the height direction. By controlling the rotational speed of the first rotary drive motor 1133, the rotational speed of the mounting plate 1132 can be adjusted, thereby changing the circumferential motion speed of the fixed shaft 11321, ultimately achieving control over the reciprocating motion frequency of the vibration frame 1131 to adapt to the vibration intensity requirements of salmon eggs at different hatching stages.

[0035] The vibration frequency of the installation membrane 112 can be flexibly adjusted by changing the motor speed. This allows for precise matching of vibration parameters according to different developmental stages of salmon eggs (e.g., gentle vibration to prevent adhesion in the early stages of hatching, and moderate vibration to promote dissolved oxygen in the later stages), improving the controllability and adaptability of the hatching process. Furthermore, the hinged structure allows for certain angular changes between components during movement, effectively buffering the impact force during motion transmission, reducing mechanical wear, extending equipment lifespan, and minimizing the impact of noise and vibration transmitted to the overall structure of the hatching tank 1. This creates a more stable and quiet hatching environment for salmon eggs, contributing to improved hatching success rate and fry quality.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 4 , Figures 6 to 9 As shown: The conveying unit 13 also includes a water conveying pipe 132 and a plurality of conveying pipes 1311 arranged at equal intervals along the length of the hatching tank 1. A plurality of nozzles 131 are equally spaced on the conveying pipes 1311. The conveying pipes 1311 are connected to the control module 14. All conveying pipes 1311 are connected to the water conveying pipe 132. The water conveying pipe 132 is provided with a first flow control valve 1321 for adjusting the water flow rate and a first solenoid valve 1322 for controlling the water flow interruption.

[0037] Water supply pipe 132 serves as the main water path, delivering water to each delivery pipe 1311. After entering the delivery pipe 1311 through water supply pipe 132, the water is evenly sprayed into the hatching spacing of the carrying unit 11 via nozzles 131. The first flow control valve 1321 is used to precisely adjust the total water flow of water supply pipe 132, thereby controlling the water output of each nozzle 131; the first solenoid valve 1322 is responsible for controlling the water flow interruption, ensuring that the water supply can be quickly started or stopped when needed. Through the linkage control of control module 14, the delivery unit 13 can dynamically adjust the water flow parameters of nozzles 131 according to the real-time hatching spacing, so that the water flow evenly covers the hatching area and maintains the target dissolved oxygen environment.

[0038] The delivery unit 13 employs a combination of a water delivery pipe 132 and multiple equally spaced delivery pipes 1311, along with equally spaced nozzles 131, ensuring uniform water coverage within the hatching tank 1 and avoiding the problems of excessively strong local water flow or uneven dissolved oxygen caused by traditional single-point water supply. The first flow control valve 1321 and the first solenoid valve 1322 provide precise control over water flow parameters. The first flow control valve 1321 allows for continuous adjustment of the water flow, meeting the differentiated needs of different hatching stages for water flow intensity (such as gentle water flow to prevent adhesion in the initial stage and stronger water flow for oxygenation in the middle and later stages). The first solenoid valve 1322 enables rapid response to water flow interruption, and, in conjunction with the automated control of the control module 14, enhances the real-time adjustment capability of the hatching system. In addition, the transmission connection between the delivery pipe 1311 and the control module 14 enables the water flow parameters to be linked with the changes in the hatching spacing in real time, which improves the stability and uniformity of the hatching environment and provides salmon eggs with water flow and dissolved oxygen conditions that are closer to those of natural waters, which helps to improve the hatching survival rate and the quality of fry.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 4 , Figures 6 to 9 As shown: The conveying unit 13 also includes an aeration component 133 electrically connected to the control module 14. The control module 14 is configured to, after real-time detection and acquisition of the hatching spacing parameters, synchronously generate a control signal for controlling the gas output parameters of the aeration component 133 based on the changes in the hatching spacing of the multiple carrier units 11, so that the gas output parameters of the aeration component 133 maintain a preset correspondence with the changes in the hatching spacing.

[0040] The control module 14 acquires the hatching spacing parameters in real time through an electrical connection with the spacing adjustment mechanism 12. Based on preset control logic, when the hatching spacing changes, the control module 14 synchronously generates a control signal for the aeration component 133. This signal is transmitted to the actuator of the aeration component 133, driving it to adjust gas output parameters (such as aeration flow rate, bubble density, etc.) so that the gas output of the aeration component 133 corresponds to the change in the hatching spacing in a preset manner. For example, when the hatching spacing increases, the control module 14 controls the aeration component 133 to increase the gas output to ensure that sufficient dissolved oxygen concentration can still be maintained in the expanded hatching space; conversely, when the spacing decreases, the gas output is appropriately reduced to avoid excessive dissolved oxygen or excessive water flow disturbance. Through this linkage control mechanism, the aeration component 133 works in concert with the spacing adjustment of the support unit 11 and the water flow delivery system to jointly maintain a stable dissolved oxygen environment within the hatching spacing.

[0041] The control module 14's linkage control of the aeration component 133 achieves dynamic matching between dissolved oxygen supply and hatching spacing, solving the problem of fixed aeration parameters in traditional incubators that cannot adapt to spatial changes. When the hatching spacing is adjusted due to the developmental stage of the fish eggs (such as the need for more oxygen in the middle and late stages) or batch differences, the gas output parameters of the aeration component 133 can be synchronously and adaptively adjusted to ensure that the dissolved oxygen concentration in different hatching spaces is within the optimal range. This avoids insufficient dissolved oxygen caused by widening the spacing and also prevents air bubbles from impacting the fish eggs that may be caused by narrowing the spacing. Through the above methods, the uniformity and controllability of the hatching environment are improved, providing salmon eggs with dissolved oxygen conditions that are more in line with their physiological needs. Especially when the oxygen demand surges in the middle and late stages of embryonic development, it can effectively reduce the risk of hypoxia and improve the hatching survival rate.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 4 , Figures 6 to 9 As shown: The aeration component 133 includes an air supply pipe 1331 and a plurality of installation pipes 1332 arranged at the bottom of the hatching tank 1 and along the length of the hatching tank 1. Each installation pipe 1332 is provided with a plurality of aeration discs 13321. All installation pipes 1332 are connected to the air supply pipe 1331. The air supply pipe 1331 is provided with a second flow control valve 13311 and a second solenoid valve 13312.

[0043] The gas supply pipe 1331 serves as the main gas path, delivering gas to each installation pipe 1332. After being distributed from the gas supply pipe 1331 to the installation pipes 1332, the gas is evenly released into the water of the hatching tank 1 in the form of bubbles through the aeration disc 13321. The second flow control valve 13311 is used to precisely adjust the total gas flow rate of the gas supply pipe 1331, thereby controlling the aeration intensity (such as bubble size and density) of the aeration disc 13321. The second solenoid valve 13312 is responsible for controlling the gas flow, ensuring that the aeration assembly 133 starts or stops as needed. The control module 14 increases or decreases the gas output by adjusting the opening of the second flow control valve 13311, allowing bubbles to enter the hatching space to control dissolved oxygen and achieve dynamic matching between aeration parameters and hatching spacing. This ensures that the bubbles diffuse evenly at the bottom of the hatching tank 1 and in the water, avoiding the dissolved oxygen blind spots or local oversaturation problems caused by traditional single-point aeration. As the bubbles rise, they can fully cover the hatching spacing area of ​​the carrier unit 11, enhancing the dissolved oxygen exchange efficiency between the water and the fish eggs. Especially in the three-dimensional hatching scenario of multi-layer carrier units 11, it effectively solves the problem of dissolved oxygen uniformity between the upper and lower hatching spaces.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 5 , Figures 8 to 10 As shown: The spacing adjustment mechanism 12 includes a scissor lift 121 that can extend and retract along the height direction of the hatching pool 1, and multiple bearing units 11 are equidistantly installed on the nodes of the scissor lift 121.

[0045] When the hatching spacing needs to be adjusted, the scissor lift 121 is driven to expand or contract. Since multiple support units 11 are equidistantly installed on the nodes of the scissor lift 121, during the expansion process, the nodes of the scissor lift 121 move along the height direction of the hatching tank 1, causing each support unit 11 to move synchronously, thereby adjusting the vertical distance between two adjacent support units 11 and realizing the adjustment of the hatching spacing. By controlling the expansion or contraction degree of the scissor lift 121, the hatching spacing between two adjacent support units 11 can be precisely adjusted to meet the space and water flow requirements of salmon eggs at different developmental stages.

[0046] Using the scissor lift 121 as the core component of the spacing adjustment mechanism 12, and utilizing its structural characteristic of equidistant node distribution, it ensures that multiple bearing units 11 always maintain equidistant synchronous movement during the adjustment process, effectively avoiding the problem of uneven spacing that may be caused by traditional adjustment methods, and providing a uniform incubation environment for salmon eggs.

[0047] The edge of the support unit 11 is also provided with a guide cable. One end of the guide cable is fixedly connected to the top of the hatching pool 1. The top of the hatching pool 1 can be provided with a device that can wind up the cable. The other end is connected to the edge of the support unit 11. The edge of the support unit 11 is provided with a limiting hole that cooperates with the guide cable. The guide cable forms a vertical guiding constraint on the lifting and lowering movement of the support unit 11 through the limiting hole, so as to ensure that multiple support units 11 rise and fall stably and synchronously along the height direction of the hatching pool 1 under the drive of the scissor lift 121, and avoid tilting or jamming caused by uneven force or movement deviation.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 5 , Figures 8 to 10 As shown: The spacing adjustment mechanism 12 is also equipped with a distance sensor 122 for monitoring the extension distance of the scissor lift 121.

[0049] When the spacing adjustment mechanism 12 drives the carrier unit 11 to rise and fall through the expansion or contraction of the scissor lift 121, the distance sensor 122 installed on the spacing adjustment mechanism 12 monitors the extension and contraction distance of the scissor lift 121 in real time. The distance sensor 122 converts the detected physical signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the control module 14. The control module 14 calculates the current actual hatching distance based on the preset correspondence between the extension and contraction distance of the scissor lift 121 and the hatching distance, and compares it with the target distance. If there is a deviation, the control module 14 sends an adjustment command to the drive device to fine-tune the extension and contraction degree of the scissor lift 121 so that the hatching distance accurately reaches the preset value, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the hatching distance during the raising and lowering of the carrier unit 11. The control module 14 can automatically and precisely adjust according to the needs of different developmental stages of salmon eggs, reducing the cost of manual intervention while ensuring that the spacing between each carrier unit 11 is uniform and consistent, avoiding differences in water flow and dissolved oxygen distribution caused by uneven spacing.

[0050] Preferably, the scissor lift 121 is composed of multiple linkage assemblies. Each linkage assembly includes two connecting rods 11322 that are hinged to each other in the middle. Among the two connecting rods 11322 at the top of the scissor lift 121, the end of one connecting rod 11322 is hinged to the top of the incubation pool 1, and the end of the other connecting rod 11322 is provided with a slider that is hinged to it. The slider slides in cooperation with the sliding track on the inner wall of the incubation pool 1. The distance sensor 122 is provided on the slider to monitor the displacement of the slider along the sliding track in real time. The displacement is used to calculate the extension distance of the scissor lift 121, thereby obtaining the incubation distance between adjacent bearing units 11.

[0051] The slider is driven by a motor-driven lead screw. In this scheme, the power output of the control module 14 achieves synchronous linkage control of the first flow control valve 1321, the second flow control valve 13311, and the lead screw through a single drive motor. Specifically, the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to each controlled component through a transmission mechanism such as a gear set or a synchronous belt. When the motor rotates, on the one hand, the movement of the slider that is threadedly engaged with it is adjusted by the rotation of the lead screw, and the hatching distance between multiple bearing units 11 changes through the slider; on the other hand, the opening of the first flow control valve 1321 and the second flow control valve 13311 is synchronously adjusted through gear transmission or a cam mechanism. The first flow control valve 1321 and the second flow control valve 13311 are preferably ball valves. When the slider moves, the transmission component linked with the valves of the first flow control valve 1321 and the second flow control valve 13311 synchronously changes the valve port diameter according to a preset ratio, so that the water flow rate of the water supply pipe 132 and the gas flow rate of the gas supply pipe 1331 have a linear or non-linear correspondence with the change of the hatching distance. The deep coupling of mechanical regulation and fluid control is achieved through a single power source, ensuring that the hatching spacing, water flow parameters and aeration parameters change synchronously under the coordination of the control module 14. This simplifies the system structure, reduces the synchronization error of multi-motor control, and improves the consistency of the response of each actuator, so that the entire hatching system always maintains a precise parameter matching relationship during the dynamic adjustment process.

[0052] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown: A salmon hatching method, applied to the above-mentioned multi-layer salmon incubator, includes the following steps: S1. Based on the developmental stage of salmon eggs, the control module 14 presets the correspondence between the hatching interval and the water output of the nozzle 131.

[0053] S2. The control spacing adjustment mechanism 12 synchronously drives multiple carrier units 11 to move, adjusting the hatching spacing of adjacent carrier units 11 to a target value that matches the current development stage.

[0054] S3, the control module 14 acquires the current hatching spacing parameters in real time and generates control signals based on the preset correspondence.

[0055] S4. The nozzle 131 of the conveying unit 13 is driven by the control signal to adjust the water output, so that the output water flow parameters are adjusted synchronously with the change of the hatching interval to adapt to the dissolved oxygen and water flow requirements of fish eggs at different development stages.

[0056] S5. Based on the characteristics of different batches of fish eggs or the real-time monitoring of the hatching effect, repeat steps S1-S4 to dynamically adjust the hatching spacing and the water output of nozzle 131 to achieve adaptive control of the hatching environment.

[0057] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-layered incubator for salmon, comprising an incubation pool and multiple support units disposed within the incubation pool; characterized in that, Multiple carrier units can move back and forth synchronously along the height of the incubation pool, and an adjustable incubation spacing is formed between two adjacent carrier units; The incubation pool is also equipped with a spacing adjustment mechanism for synchronously driving multiple carrier units to adjust the incubation spacing; Multiple load-bearing units are connected to the spacing adjustment mechanism; A conveying unit is located on the side of the carrying unit inside the incubation pool. The conveying unit includes multiple nozzles for conveying water flow into the incubation interval. A control module is installed at the top of the hatching tank. The control module is electrically connected to the spacing adjustment mechanism and the conveying unit. The control module is configured to detect and acquire the parameters of the hatching spacing in real time; generate control signals according to the changes in the hatching spacing; and use the control signals to drive the conveying unit to adjust the water output of the nozzles; so that the output water flow parameters of the nozzles maintain a preset correspondence with the changes in the hatching spacing. The conveying unit also includes an aeration component electrically connected to the control module. The control module is configured to, after real-time detection and acquisition of the hatching spacing parameters, synchronously generate control signals for controlling the gas output parameters of the aeration component based on the changes in the hatching spacing of multiple carrier units, so that the gas output parameters of the aeration component maintain a preset correspondence with the changes in the hatching spacing. The aeration assembly includes an air supply pipe and multiple installation pipes arranged at the bottom of the hatching tank along the length of the hatching tank. Each installation pipe is equipped with multiple aeration discs. All installation pipes are connected to the air supply pipe, which is equipped with a second flow control valve and a second solenoid valve.

2. The multi-layer incubator for salmon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support unit includes a mounting frame, with a mounting membrane for supporting salmon eggs at the bottom of the mounting frame, and a vibration mechanism for driving the mounting membrane to vibrate below the mounting frame.

3. A multi-layer incubator for salmon according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vibration mechanism includes a vibration frame with multiple guide rods extending vertically on the vibration frame. A mounting frame has mounting seats that match the guide rods. Each guide rod has an elastic element and is slidably mounted in the mounting seat along its length. The mounting membrane is fixedly connected to the vibration frame.

4. A multi-layer incubator for salmon according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vibration mechanism also includes a first rotary drive motor, a mounting plate, a fixed shaft, and a connecting rod. The mounting plate is rotatably mounted on the side of the mounting frame. The fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the mounting plate. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the vibration frame and the fixed shaft. The first rotary drive motor is fixedly connected to the mounting frame, and the mounting plate is driven by the first rotary drive motor.

5. A multi-layer incubator for salmon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying unit also includes a water supply pipe and multiple conveying pipes arranged at equal intervals along the length of the hatching tank, with multiple nozzles equally spaced on the conveying pipes; the conveying pipes are connected to the control module via a drive, and all conveying pipes are connected to the water supply pipe; the water supply pipe is equipped with a first flow control valve for adjusting the water flow rate and a first solenoid valve for controlling the interruption of water flow.

6. A multi-layer incubator for salmon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing adjustment mechanism includes a scissor lift that can extend and retract along the height of the hatching pool, with multiple load-bearing units equidistantly installed on the nodes of the scissor lift.

7. A multi-layer incubator for salmon according to claim 6, characterized in that, The spacing adjustment mechanism is also equipped with a distance sensor for monitoring the extension distance of the scissor lift.

8. A method for hatching salmon, applied to a multi-layered incubator for salmon as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Based on the developmental stage of salmon eggs, the control module presets the correspondence between the hatching interval and the water output of the nozzle; S2. The control spacing adjustment mechanism synchronously drives multiple carrier units to move, adjusting the hatching spacing between adjacent carrier units to a target value that matches the current development stage; S3. The control module acquires the current hatching spacing parameters in real time and generates control signals based on the preset correspondence. S4. The nozzle of the conveying unit is driven by a control signal to adjust the water output, so that the output water flow parameters are adjusted synchronously with the change of the hatching interval to adapt to the dissolved oxygen and water flow requirements of fish eggs at different development stages. S5. Based on the characteristics of different batches of fish eggs or the real-time monitoring of the hatching effect, repeat steps S1-S4 to dynamically adjust the hatching spacing and nozzle water output to achieve adaptive control of the hatching environment.

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