Saline-alkali soil drainage rat channel collapse prevention operation method and operation machine thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rat channel collapse prevention, and particularly relates to a saline-alkali soil drainage rat channel collapse prevention operation method and an operation machine thereof.The operation method comprises the following steps that a net bag and filler are prepared; the net bag is arranged behind the mouse channel opening tool; a mouse channel is formed by inserting a mouse channel forming tool into soil to move, a net bag is laid in the mouse channel along with movement of the mouse channel forming tool, the net bag is filled with filler and used for guiding water and supporting the net bag to be opened to be of a columnar structure, and the net bag of the columnar structure supports the mouse channel; by means of the operation method, the mouse channel can be effectively supported, it is guaranteed that redundant water in soil is timely removed, collapse of the mouse channel is avoided, and the service life of the mouse channel is effectively prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of preventing rat tunnels from collapsing, and in particular relates to a method for preventing rat tunnels from collapsing in saline-alkali land drainage and an operating machine thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rat tunnels can quickly remove excess water from the soil, reducing waterlogging in farmland. Rat tunnels are typically constructed by installing a plow blade and a reamer on the rear of a tractor. The plow blade creates a straight slit, and the reamer expands the hole below the slit to form the rat tunnel. Creating rat tunnels in saline-alkali lands can prevent water retention and the rise of groundwater levels, preventing soil salinization and promoting crop growth. However, saline-alkali soils are commonly characterized by compaction and low organic matter content. While compacted soils may appear hard on the surface, they lack the adhesive and organic matter that act as the "glue," resulting in a loose internal structure. Furthermore, salt in saline-alkali lands migrates with water movement. The salt in the soil repeatedly dissolves and crystallizes during alternating dry and wet cycles, disrupting the soil's originally stable aggregate structure. The dissolved salt creates a loose, porous structure beneath the soil, further contributing to the frequent collapse of rat tunnels in saline-alkali lands. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method for preventing the collapse of rat tunnels in saline-alkali land drainage and an operating machine thereof, which can effectively support the rat tunnels and ensure the timely removal of excess moisture in the soil, avoid the collapse of the rat tunnels, and effectively extend the service life of the rat tunnels.

[0004] The specific technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0005] A method for preventing the collapse of a drainage ratway in saline-alkali land comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Prepare the net bag and filler;

[0007] S2. Place the net bag behind the rat tunnel opening tool;

[0008] S3. A rat tunnel is formed by inserting a rat tunnel opening tool into the soil and moving the tool. A net bag is laid in the rat tunnel as the rat tunnel opening tool moves. Filling material is filled in the net bag to guide water and support the net bag to open into a columnar structure. The columnar structure of the net bag supports the rat tunnel.

[0009] The filler is straw chopped segments, and the length of the straw chopped segments is 3-4 cm.

[0010] In the step S2, the rat path is opened and the net bag is laid simultaneously.

[0011] An operating machine is used for the above-mentioned method for preventing the collapse of rat tunnels in saline-alkali land drainage. The operating machine includes a tractor and a filler supply bin. The rat tunnel opening tool is connected to the tractor by means of a suspension frame. The rat tunnel opening tool includes a plow and a reamer located behind the plow. The net bag includes a stacking section and a laying section connected to the stacking section. The stacking section is sleeved on the outside of the casing and located between the feed port and the discharge port of the casing. The laying section extends from the discharge port to the rat tunnel behind the reamer. The feed port is connected to the filler supply bin, and the discharge port is connected to the laying section.

[0012] The sleeve is provided with a raised portion located between the feed port and the discharge port, the stacking section is sleeved between the feed port and the raised portion, and the laying section passes through the raised portion and the discharge port in sequence and then enters the rat tunnel.

[0013] A group of mesh wheels are provided on the outside of the stacking section, and the position of the mesh wheels is relatively fixed with respect to the casing. The mesh wheels are respectively connected to the power mechanism and have the freedom to rotate around their own axes. The mesh wheels are arranged in sequence around the outside of the casing, and the rotation of the mesh wheels matches the casing to form an output drive component for the laying section.

[0014] The material is transferred between the filler supply bin and the sleeve with the help of a throwing impeller. An auger is provided at the outlet end of the filler supply bin. The axial direction of the auger is arranged parallel to the discharge direction of the filler supply bin. The shell of the throwing impeller is respectively connected to the feed port and the outlet end of the filler supply bin.

[0015] The filler supply bin and sleeve are arranged on a hanging frame, and the laying section enters the rat tunnel through a straight seam.

[0016] The filler supply bin and sleeve are fixed on the ground and arranged adjacent to the starting end of the ratway. The paving section enters the ratway from the starting end, and the end of the paving section is connected to the reamer.

[0017] The net bag is a woven net bag, and the material of the net bag includes polypropylene and polyethylene.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] The present invention adopts a net bag filled with straw segments and laid in the rat run to support the inner wall of the rat run. The net bag wraps the straw as a flexible skeleton, which can evenly distribute the soil pressure to the inner wall of the rat run and restrain the straw segments at the same time. Compared with directly filling the rat run with straw segments, the present invention can prevent the straw segments from being squeezed and deformed by the soil, displaced, and losing effective support for the rat run.

[0020] The mesh holes of the net bag allow water to enter, the straw segments can support the net bag, and the gaps between the straw segments can ensure the rapid flow of water.

[0021] Due to the enhanced structural stability of the rat run, the distance between rat runs can be reduced by 20%-40%, thereby accelerating the discharge of excess water in the soil, further reducing waterlogging, preventing the rise of groundwater levels, and reducing the return of salt in the soil above the rat run. It also reduces the damage to the soil structure caused by repeated crystallization and dissolution of salt in the soil above the rat run, which helps to further extend the service life of the rat run.

[0022] With the help of the operating machine, the laying of the net bag and the opening of the rat run are carried out simultaneously, which improves the working efficiency. The net bag immediately supports the rat run that has just been expanded by the reamer, so that the rat run maintains its original shape, offsets the pressure of the soil, and further prevents the rat run from collapsing.

[0023] A raised portion is provided on the casing, and the upper end of the laying section is stretched out by the raised portion to form a falling obstacle. Only when the lower end of the laying section is pulled, the part stretched out on the raised portion can be pulled downward, preventing the stacking section from falling as a whole due to the pulling of the laying section, ensuring that the stacking section of the net bag can continue to unfold into a new laying section and be laid in the ratway as the tractor moves.

[0024] The net bag is filled with straw segments before laying. While the reamer pulls the net bag to move in the rat tunnel for laying, the net bag can also clear and clean the collapsed part of the rat tunnel. At the same time, it supports the inner wall of the rat tunnel, keeps the rat tunnel connected, and realizes the effective opening of the rat tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the steps of the operating method of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the operating machine of Example 1;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the state in which the sleeve is filling the net bag with straw shreds in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the filling material supply bin and the throwing impeller;

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the rat tract;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the operating machine of Example 2;

[0031] In the accompanying drawings, 1. net bag, 2. ratway, 3. straight seam, 4. tractor, 5. filler supply bin, 6. plow, 7. reamer, 8. casing, 801. feed port, 802. discharge port, 9. stacking section, 10. laying section, 11. raised part, 12. net wheel, 13. auger, 14. throwing impeller, 15. shell, 16. filler, 17. guide wheel, 18. telescopic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0033] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, a method for preventing the collapse of a saline-alkali land drainage ratway comprises the following steps:

[0034] S1, prepare the net bag 1 and the filler 16;

[0035] S2. Place the net bag 1 behind the rat tunnel opening tool;

[0036] S3. Use a rat tunnel opening tool to insert it into the soil and move it to form a rat tunnel 2. The net bag 1 continues to enter the newly formed rat tunnel 2 through the straight seam 3 above the rat tunnel 2 as the rat tunnel opening tool moves. Filler 16 is filled into the net bag 1 in the rat tunnel 2 so that the net bag 1 opens into a columnar structure. The columnar net bag 1 fits against the inner wall of the rat tunnel 2 to form a support until the rat tunnel 2 is opened. The filler 16 is used to support the opening of the net bag 1 and to guide the water in the rat tunnel 2.

[0037] The filler 16 is straw shreds, and the length of the straw shreds is 3-4 cm. The 3-4 cm straw shreds can smoothly enter the net bag 1 to open the net bag 1, avoiding the straw shreds being too long and causing transportation blockage, and can also ensure the smooth discharge of excess water in the soil, preventing the straw shreds from being too short and causing too dense accumulation and reducing permeability.

[0038] The net bag 1 is laid inside the rat run 2, held open by shredded straw and conforming to the inner wall of the run 2. The net bag 1 filled with shredded straw forms a flexible support structure for the inner wall of the run 2, effectively resisting soil pressure and preventing collapse of the run 2 caused by loose soil and repeated salt crystallization and dissolution in saline-alkali soil, thereby effectively extending the service life of the run 2. This enhanced structural stability of the run 2 also allows the spacing between runs to be reduced by 20%-40%, increasing the number of runs in saline-alkali soil. This accelerates the drainage of excess moisture from the soil, further reducing waterlogging and preventing groundwater level rise. This reduces soil salinization above the run 2 and reduces damage to the soil structure caused by repeated salt crystallization and dissolution, further extending the service life of the run 2.

[0039] The net bag 1 wraps the straw as a flexible skeleton, which can evenly distribute the soil pressure to the inner wall of the rat tunnel 2 and restrain the straw fragments. Compared with directly filling the rat tunnel 2 with straw fragments, it can prevent the straw fragments from being squeezed and deformed by the soil, and from moving and losing effective support for the rat tunnel 2.

[0040] The mesh holes on the net bag 1 allow water to enter, the straw fragments can support the net bag 1, and the gaps between the straw fragments can also ensure the rapid flow of water.

[0041] The cross-sectional shape of the rat tunnel 2 on the soil is as follows Figure 5 shown.

[0042] The method for preventing the collapse of a drainage ratway in saline-alkali land is implemented by means of an operating machine, such as Figure 2 As shown, the operating machine includes a tractor 4 and a filler supply bin 5, and the ratway opening tool is connected to the tractor 4 by means of a hanging frame. The ratway opening tool includes a plow 6 and a reamer 7. The plow 6 is located in front of the reamer 7. The net bag 1 includes a stacking section 9 and a laying section 10 connected to the stacking section 9. The stacking section 9 is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve 8 and is located between the feed port 801 and the discharge port 802 of the sleeve 8. In this embodiment, the sleeve 8 and the filler supply bin 5 are both arranged on the hanging frame.

[0043] The laying section 10 extends from the discharge port 802 to the ratway 2 behind the reamer 7, and enters the ratway 2 after passing through the straight seam 3. The feed port 801 is connected to the filler supply bin 5, and the discharge port 802 is connected to the laying section 10.

[0044] In this embodiment, the feed port 801 and the discharge port 802 are arranged from high to low, with the discharge port 802 located behind the reamer 7. The laying section 10 extends downward from the sleeve 8, passes through the straight seam 3, and enters the rat run 2 opened behind the reamer 7. This allows the simultaneous creation of the rat run 2 and the laying of the net bag 1. Furthermore, the tractor 4 can complete the rat run 2 creation and net bag 1 laying operations in a single pass, eliminating the need for secondary positioning. Furthermore, the timely laying of the net bag 1 and the filling of the straw shreds provide immediate support for the rat run 2, which has just been expanded and formed by the reamer 7, allowing the rat run 2 to maintain its original shape, offsetting soil pressure and preventing collapse. Furthermore, the net bag 1 does not need to be pulled in the rat run 2, effectively reducing resistance to its laying.

[0045] During operation, the coulter 6 is adjusted to the desired depth and driven into the soil. The tractor 4 is driven, and the coulter 6 digs a straight seam 3 in the soil. The reamer 7 expands the lower end of the straight seam 3 into a rat-path 2. At the beginning of the rat-path 2, the net bag 1's laying section 10 is manually pulled downward from the casing 8. After passing through the straight seam 3, the laying section 10 enters the rat-path 2 formed behind the reamer 7. The end of the laying section 10 is manually secured. The filling material supply bin 5 discharges straw shreds, which enter the casing 8 through the feed port 801 and are discharged through the discharge port 802 into the net bag 1 in the rat-path 2, filling the net bag 1. As the tractor moves, the length of the ratway 2 becomes longer, and the stacking section 9 is pulled by the paving section 10 in the ratway 2 to expand to form a new paving section 10, enters the ratway along the straight seam 3, and is filled with the sleeve 8 to expand into a columnar structure. After filling is completed, the paving section 10 is separated from the stacking section 9, so that the columnar net bag 1 remains in the ratway 2.

[0046] Preferably, the discharge port 802 of the sleeve 8 extends into the straight seam 3, so that the straw fragments can smoothly enter the paving section 10 laid in the rat tunnel 2 for filling, and can also prevent the straw fragments from expanding the net bag 1 above the straight seam and squeezing the soil around the straight seam 3.

[0047] Preferably, the sleeve 8 is provided with a raised portion 11 between the feed port 801 and the discharge port 802. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the stacking section 9 is mounted between the feed port 801 and the raised portion 11, and the laying section 10 passes through the raised portion 11 and the discharge port 802 in sequence before entering the ratway 2. The raised portion 11 creates resistance to the falling of the stacking section 9, and the upper end of the laying section 10 is stretched open by the raised portion 11, forming an obstacle to its falling. Only when it is subjected to the pulling force from the lower end of the laying section 10 can the part stretched open on the raised portion 11 be pulled downward, and the part of the stacking section 9 connected to the laying section 10 is pulled to the raised portion 11 and stretched open, forming the upper end of a new laying section 10, preventing the stacking section 9 from falling as a whole due to the pulling of the laying section 10, so that the stacking section 9 of the net bag 1 can continue to unfold into a new laying section 10 as the tractor 4 moves and be laid in the ratway 2.

[0048] Preferably, the hanger is further provided with a set of net-pulling wheels 12, each connected to a power mechanism and having the freedom to rotate about its own axis on the hanger. Preferably, the power mechanism is a motor mounted on the hanger, a wheel speed sensor is mounted on the travel wheel of the tractor 4 or the hanger, and a controller is mounted on the hanger. The controller determines the travel speed of the tractor 4 based on the signal from the wheel speed sensor, thereby controlling the speed of the motor so that the net-pulling wheels 12 can timely deliver the net bag 1. The net-pulling wheels 12 are sequentially arranged around the outer wall of the sleeve 8. In this embodiment, the net-pulling wheels 12 are arranged on both sides of the protrusion 11. The net-pulling wheels 12 rotate and cooperate with the protrusion 11 to form an output drive assembly for the laying section 10. The net-pulling wheels 12 and the protrusion 11 form friction with the sidewalls of the laying section 10. The rotation of the net-pulling wheels 12 uses the friction force to force the laying section 10 downward, thereby ensuring that the net bag 1 can be stably delivered and laid in the ratway 2, preventing the net bag 1 from being delayed in delivery and causing the laying of the net bag 1 to be stuck.

[0049] On the other hand, when the net bag 1 is completely laid in the rat tunnel 2, the traction machine 4 lifts the suspension frame and puts the new net bag 1 onto the sleeve 8 along the discharge port 802. The motor drives the net wheel 12 to reverse and quickly put the net bag 1 on the sleeve 8.

[0050] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown, material is transferred between the filler supply bin 5 and the sleeve 8 by means of a throwing impeller 14, and an auger 13 is provided at the outlet end of the filler supply bin 5. The discharge direction of the filler supply bin 5 is vertically downward, and the axial direction of the auger 13 is arranged parallel to the discharge direction of the filler supply bin 5. The auger 13 is installed in the filler supply bin 5 by means of a mounting frame, and the mounting frame is connected to the side wall of the filler supply bin 5. A sliding channel for straw fragments is provided on the mounting frame to prevent the mounting frame from hindering the straw fragments from sliding. The auger shaft of the auger 13 extends from the top of the filler supply bin 5 and is connected to the power of a drive motor arranged on the suspension frame. The drive motor drives the auger shaft of the auger 13 to rotate, and the auger blades of the auger 13 are arranged at the lower end of the auger shaft. The rotation of the auger 13 forces the straw fragments to be discharged along the outlet end of the filler supply bin 5;

[0051] The receiving end of the housing 15 of the impeller 14 is connected to the outlet of the filler supply bin 5 via a pipe, and the discharge end of the housing 15 is connected to the feed port 801. The impeller 14 is connected to the drive motor. The impeller 14 rotates rapidly to throw the straw fragments in the pipe into the casing 8, creating a negative pressure in the pipe and casing 8. The airflow blows the straw fragments along the casing 8 and into the laying section 10 of the net bag 1.

[0052] The net bag 1 is a woven net bag, and the material of the net bag 1 can be polypropylene, polyethylene, etc.

[0053] Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1, except for the operation method and the structure of the operation machine.

[0054] The difference between the working machine and the other is that the filling material supply bin 5 and the casing 8 are fixed to the ground and positioned adjacent to the starting end of the ratway 2. The laying section 10 enters the ratway 2 from the starting end, and the end of the laying section 10 is connected to the reamer 7. A guide wheel 17 is also provided between the casing 8 and the starting end of the ratway 2. After the laying section 10 is discharged from the casing 8, it is guided by the guide wheel 17 and enters the ratway 2 along the starting end of the ratway 2.

[0055] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the filler supply bin 5, sleeve 8 and guide wheel 17 are installed on the body of the walking trolley. The walking trolley stops moving on the ground to fix the filler supply bin 5, sleeve 8 and guide wheel 17 relative to the ground. When the ratway is opened, the walking trolley travels to the side of the pre-opened ratway position. Through the contraction of the telescopic rod 18, the axial direction of the guide wheel 17 at the end of the conveying direction of the paving section 10 is perpendicular to the axis of the ratway and is arranged horizontally. The guide wheel 17 is connected to the vehicle body by means of the telescopic rod 18 and has the freedom of lifting and lowering; the height of the guide wheel 17 is adjusted by means of the telescopic rod 18, so that the paving section 10 can be coaxially arranged with the ratway 2 after passing the guide wheel 17, thereby preventing the paving section 10 from squeezing and damaging the soil around the ratway 2 during entering the ratway 2.

[0056] The difference between the steps of the operation method of this embodiment and that of embodiment 1 lies in step S3:

[0057] Before laying the net bag 1, the filler 16 is filled into the net bag 1 to make the net bag 1 open. As the tractor 4 moves, the laying section 10 of the net bag 1 is continuously output from the sleeve 8 under the tension of the reamer 7; while outputting, the straw fragments are filled into the laying section 10 below the discharge port 802 along the discharge port 802, and the straw fragments stretch the laying section 10. The stretched laying section 10 enters the rat path 2 along the starting end of the rat path 2 under the guidance of the guide wheel 17. The laying section 10 continues to be laid in the newly formed rat path 2 as the reamer 7 moves. After the laying is completed, the laying section 10 is separated from the reamer 7, and the net bag 1 with a columnar structure filled with straw fragments remains in the rat path 2 to support the rat path 2.

[0058] In this embodiment, the paving section 10 is fixedly connected to the reamer 7 and filled with straw shreds before entering the rat run 2, making it easier to ensure the filling amount of straw shreds in the paving section 10. While the reamer 7 expands to form the rat run 2, the paving section 10 promptly supports the newly formed rat run 2 behind the reamer 7 to prevent the rat run 2 from collapsing. Even if the newly formed rat run 2 collapses after the reamer 7 passes, the reamer 7 pulls on the paving section 10 to forcibly clear the collapsed section and simultaneously support the inner wall of the rat run 2, preventing the rat run 2 from collapsing again and avoiding blocked sections in the rat run 2 that affect the drainage function.

Claims

1. A method for preventing the collapse of a drainage ratway in saline-alkali land, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Prepare a net bag (1) and filler (16); S2, placing the net bag (1) behind the rat path opening tool; S3. A rat tunnel (2) is formed by inserting a rat tunnel opening tool into the soil and moving the tool. The net bag (1) is laid in the rat tunnel (2) as the rat tunnel opening tool moves. A filler (16) is filled in the net bag (1) to guide water and support the net bag (1) to open into a columnar structure. The columnar net bag (1) supports the rat tunnel (2).

2. The method for preventing the collapse of a drainage rat tunnel in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler (16) is straw shreds, and the length of the straw shreds is 3-4 cm.

3. The method for preventing the collapse of a drainage rat tunnel in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, wherein: In the step S2, the rat path (2) is opened and the net bag (1) is laid simultaneously.

4. A machine for implementing the method for preventing the collapse of a drainage ratway in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating machine includes a tractor (4) and a filling material supply bin (5), the ratway opening tool is connected to the tractor (4) by means of a hanging frame, the ratway opening tool includes a plow (6) and a reamer (7) located behind the plow (6), the net bag (1) includes a stacking section (9) and a laying section (10) connected to the stacking section (9), the stacking section (9) is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve (8) and is located between the feed port (801) and the discharge port (802) of the sleeve (8), the laying section (10) extends from the discharge port (802) to the ratway (2) behind the reamer (7), the feed port (801) is connected to the filling material supply bin (5), and the discharge port (802) is connected to the laying section (10).

5. The working machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sleeve (8) is provided with a raised portion (11) located between the feed port (801) and the discharge port (802), the stacking section (9) is sleeved between the feed port (801) and the raised portion (11), and the laying section (10) passes through the raised portion (11) and the discharge port (802) in sequence and then enters the ratway (2).

6. The working machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: A group of mesh wheels (12) fixed relative to the position of the casing (8) are arranged on the outside of the stacking section (9), and the mesh wheels (12) are respectively connected to the power mechanism and have the freedom to rotate around their own axes. The mesh wheels (12) are arranged in sequence around the outside of the casing (8), and the mesh wheels (12) rotate to match the casing (8) to form an output drive component for the laying section (10).

7. The working machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material is transferred between the filler supply bin (5) and the sleeve (8) by means of a throwing impeller (14); an auger (13) is provided at the outlet end of the filler supply bin (5); the axial direction of the auger (13) is arranged parallel to the discharge direction of the filler supply bin (5); and the shell (15) of the throwing impeller (14) is respectively connected to the feed port (801) and the outlet end of the filler supply bin (5).

8. The working machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filler supply bin (5) and sleeve (8) are arranged on a hanging frame, and the laying section (10) enters the rat tunnel (2) through the straight seam (3).

9. The working machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filler supply bin (5) and the sleeve (8) are fixed on the ground and arranged adjacent to the starting end of the ratway (2); the paving section (10) enters the ratway (2) from the starting end of the ratway (2); and the end of the paving section (10) is connected to the reamer (7).

10. The working machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The net bag (1) is a woven net bag, and the material of the net bag (1) includes polypropylene and polyethylene.

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