Intelligent variable-pitch crossed double-paddle type wind driven generator
Through the dual wind turbine reverse rotation design and intelligent pitch adjustment, the economic and stability problems of wind turbine units when increasing the area of the wind turbine and tower height are solved, and efficient wind energy capture and power generation efficiency are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510707788.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-15
AI Technical Summary
When existing wind turbines increase the area of the wind turbine and tower height to increase power, the weight and cost of the blades increase, and the wind speed increase is unstable, resulting in a decrease in economic efficiency.
The dual wind wheel reverse rotation design is adopted, and the blades interact in overlapping areas. The wind wheel angle is controlled through intelligent pitch adjustment, combining a coaxial dual rotor generator and downwind yaw system to reduce aerodynamic resistance and mechanical losses.
It improves wind energy capture efficiency, reduces tower mechanical load, extends equipment life, improves power generation stability and wind resistance, and reduces maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN120487488A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of generators, and in particular to an intelligent variable-pitch cross-paddle wind turbine. Background Art
[0002] There are three main approaches to increasing wind turbine capacity: increasing the rotor's swept area, raising the hub height to increase wind speed, and improving the rotor's wind capture efficiency. For current wind turbines, increasing the rotor area and tower height directly increases power, but blade weight scales with length to the power of two or three, and tower costs increase dramatically with height, potentially reducing economic viability. Furthermore, wind shear increases wind speed with height, but the increase is limited and unstable. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent variable-pitch crossed twin-blade wind turbine. By adopting a dual-rotor counter-rotating design, the blades of the two wind rotors interact with each other in the overlapping area, which can effectively weaken the wake vortex, reduce aerodynamic resistance, and improve wind energy capture efficiency, breaking through the efficiency limitations of traditional three-blade wind rotors and solving the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an intelligent variable-pitch cross-double-blade wind turbine, comprising a tower, a nacelle, a wind rotor and an anemometer, the upper end of the tower being connected to the nacelle through a yaw system, the nacelle being mounted on the top of the tower through the yaw system, for absorbing mechanical energy from the wind rotor system and converting the mechanical energy into electrical energy, two wind rotors being provided, and symmetrically mounted on both sides of one end of the nacelle, the yaw system being used to adjust the wind direction of the wind rotor and the nacelle under different wind direction conditions to maximize the power generation capacity of the unit, the wind rotor comprising a hub and a plurality of blades uniformly distributed along the circumference of the hub, each blade being connected to the hub through its blade root flange, and when the wind rotor on one side is installed, each blade has a phase angle difference with the corresponding blade of the wind rotor on the other side, and the swept areas of the blades of the two wind rotors have an overlapping area.
[0005] Preferably, a first transmission assembly, a second transmission assembly and a controller are provided in the cabin. The first transmission assembly is connected to the wind wheel to ensure the variable pitch function. The second transmission assembly is used to generate electricity. The controller is used to issue power on and off instructions, receive information such as wind speed and wind direction from the anemometer, and control the operation of the first transmission assembly.
[0006] Preferably, the first transmission assembly includes a motor, a gearbox, a driving sprocket, a chain, a driven sprocket and a slider bearing. The output end of the motor is connected to the input end of the gearbox. The gearbox is provided with a bidirectional reverse output end, and the output end is connected to the driving sprocket. The motor drives the gearbox to work, driving the two driving sprockets to rotate in opposite directions at the same speed. The driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are both fixed in the cabin through bearings, and the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are connected by a chain, and the chain is connected to the slider bearing. The driving sprocket is transmitted through the chain and the driven sprocket to drive the slider bearing to displace.
[0007] Preferably, an opening is provided on the side of the cabin close to the wind wheel, and guide rail grooves are provided on the upper and lower sides of the opening. Several corresponding nodes are set up on the two guide rail grooves. According to the wind speed, the controller controls the rotation of the motor, and the two slider bearings stop at several corresponding nodes in the corresponding guide rail grooves, and limiters are set on the nodes.
[0008] Preferably, the upper and lower sides of the slider bearing are both provided with limit blocks matching the guide rail groove, and the limit blocks move in the guide rail groove to limit the slider bearing to move only along the guide rail groove direction.
[0009] Preferably, the gearbox is provided with at least four transmission gears meshing in sequence, and the number of gearboxes is an even number, ensuring that the two output ends of the gearbox are reverse output ends, and one of the transmission gears is connected to the output end of the motor.
[0010] Preferably, the second transmission assembly includes a machine head, a universal joint, a bevel gear connection, a large gear, a transmission shaft, a pinion, a transition shaft, a two-way reverse output gearbox, a coaxial high-speed shaft and a dual-rotor generator, one end of the machine head is connected to the hub of the wind wheel, the extended lines of the central axes of the two machine heads intersect and have an angle, and the angle is consistent with the angle of the central axes of the two hubs, one end of the universal shaft is connected to the other end of the machine head through a slider bearing, the kinetic energy of the two wind wheels is transmitted to the universal shaft through the machine head, the other end of the universal shaft is connected to the transmission shaft through a bevel gear connection, the two universal shafts have the same speed but opposite directions, and the transmission shaft is driven by the two universal shafts, one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to a large gear, and a small gear is fixedly connected to the transition shaft arranged parallel to the transmission shaft, the small gear meshes with the large gear, the transmission shaft drives the large gear and the small gear, and then drives the transition shaft to drive the two-way reverse output gearbox to work, and the two-way reverse output gearbox is connected to the dual-rotor generator through the coaxial high-speed shaft.
[0011] Preferably, the bevel gear connection includes two meshing bevel gears, one of which is connected to the universal shaft and the other is connected to the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft, universal shaft and transition shaft are all connected to the cabin through bearings to stabilize the positions of the components.
[0012] Preferably, the coaxial high-speed shaft includes two coaxially arranged shafts with different diameters. Mechanical energy is transmitted to the coaxial high-speed shaft through a bidirectional reverse output gearbox. The two coaxial high-speed shafts are respectively connected to the inner rotor and outer rotor of the dual-rotor generator. Finally, the dual-rotor generator is driven to work and generate electrical energy through the two coaxial high-speed shafts with opposite rotation directions.
[0013] Preferably, the dual-rotor generator is a cage-excitation asynchronous generator or a permanent magnet synchronous generator.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0015] The present invention proposes an intelligent variable-pitch crossed twin-blade wind turbine, which adopts a dual-rotor counter-rotating design. The blades of the two wind rotors interact with each other in the overlapping area, which can effectively weaken the wake vortex, reduce aerodynamic drag, improve wind energy capture efficiency, and break through the efficiency limitations of traditional three-blade wind rotors; through intelligent variable-pitch adjustment, the controller adjusts the angle between the two wind rotors according to the wind speed, reduces the angle at low wind speeds to enhance the wind capture ability, and expands the angle at high wind speeds or even makes it completely parallel to protect the safety of the unit, improve power generation stability and wind resistance performance; the dual wind rotors are symmetrically arranged, and the counter-rotating design can offset part of the torque vibration, reduce the mechanical load on the tower and nacelle, and extend the life of the equipment; the downwind design does not require a complex yaw system, and the nacelle direction is automatically adjusted by wind force, reducing mechanical loss and maintenance costs; a coaxial twin-rotor generator is adopted, and the two counter-rotating input shafts directly drive the inner and outer rotors, improving energy conversion efficiency and reducing transmission losses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 This is the overall structure diagram of the intelligent variable-pitch cross-double-propeller wind turbine of the present invention;
[0017] Figure 2 A state diagram showing that the central axes of the two wind wheels of the present invention form a straight line;
[0018] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the cabin of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Top view;
[0020] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the first transmission assembly of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the connection between the second transmission assembly and the cabin of the present invention.
[0022] In the figure: 1. tower; 2. cabin; 21. opening; 22. guide rail groove; 3. wind wheel; 4. anemometer; 5. first transmission assembly; 51. motor; 52. gearbox; 521. transmission gear; 53. driving chain gear; 54. chain; 55. driven chain gear; 56. slider bearing; 561. limit block; 6. second transmission assembly; 61. head; 62. universal joint; 63. bevel gear connection; 64. large gear; 65. transmission shaft; 66. small gear; 67. transition shaft; 68. bidirectional reverse output gearbox; 69. coaxial high-speed shaft; 610. dual-rotor generator; 7. controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0024] To solve the existing problem that increasing the rotor area and tower height can directly increase power, but the blade weight is proportional to the length to the power of 2-3, and the tower cost also increases sharply with height, which may lead to a decrease in economic efficiency. In addition, the wind shear factor causes the wind speed to increase with height, but the increase is limited and unstable. Figures 1-6 , this embodiment provides the following technical solutions:
[0025] An intelligent variable-pitch cross-double-blade wind turbine comprises a tower 1, a nacelle 2, a wind rotor 3 and an anemometer 4. Specifically, the lower end of the tower 1 is fixed to the foundation through a foundation flange to support the nacelle 2 and the wind rotor 3 and ensure their stability. The upper end of the tower 1 is connected to the nacelle 2 through a yaw system. The nacelle 2 is mounted on the top of the tower 1 through the yaw system to absorb mechanical energy from the wind rotor system 3 and convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy. Two wind rotors 3 are provided and symmetrically mounted on both sides of one end of the nacelle 2. The yaw system is used to adjust the wind direction of the wind rotor 3 and the nacelle 2 under different wind direction conditions to maximize the power generation power of the unit. Since the present invention is a downwind wind turbine, the yaw system only needs bearing support, and the wind force acting on the blades can automatically align the axis of the nacelle 2. The wind direction is aligned, and the two wind rotors 3 rotate in opposite directions at the same speed as the wind speed. Under different wind speed conditions, the wind energy obtained by the wind rotor 3 is safe and stable. The wind rotor 3 includes a hub and a plurality of blades evenly distributed along the circumference of the hub. In this embodiment, there are two blades, and each blade is connected to the hub through its blade root flange. When the wind rotor 3 on one side is installed, each blade should have a phase angle difference with the corresponding blade of the wind rotor 3 on the other side. The number of blades of the two wind rotors 3 is consistent and corresponds one to one. When the wind rotor 3 is running to generate electricity, the blades of the two wind rotors 3 have the same speed and opposite rotation directions. The swept area of the blades of the two wind rotors 3 has an overlapping area, and the blades are made of glass fiber, carbon fiber or other high-strength composite materials.
[0026] It should be noted that when the rotor 3 of a traditional wind turbine rotates, an induced vortex is generated at the root and tip of the blade due to the pressure difference between the airflow on the pressure side and the suction side. The wake falls off from the trailing edge of the blade and continues to move downstream, forming a spiral vortex structure in the near-field wake. The presence of the induced cavity increases the aerodynamic resistance of the blades of the rotor 3, thereby reducing the wind capture efficiency of the rotor 3. When the intelligent variable-pitch crossed twin-blade wind turbine generator set of this embodiment is in operation, the blades of the two rotors 3 will pass through the overlapping area in turn. The wake structure generated by the rotation of one of the rotor systems in the overlapping area will be affected by the reverse rotation of the other rotor 3, thereby reducing or Offset the wake intensity and improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the blades, and ultimately improve the wind capture efficiency of the wind rotor system to a certain extent. Since there is a certain phase angle difference between the blades corresponding to the two wind rotors 3, when the wind rotors 3 are running, the two wind rotors 3 have the same rotation speed and opposite rotation directions. The corresponding blades from the two wind rotors 3 will pass through the overlapping area in turn. Due to the existence of the phase difference, structural collision of the blades will not occur. At the same time, according to the size of the wind turbine, it is necessary to set the closest distance between the hubs of the two wind rotors 3 and the minimum setting angle of the central axis angle of the hubs of the two wind rotors 3. This can ensure that there will be no structural collision between the two wind rotors 3.
[0027] A first transmission assembly 5, a second transmission assembly 6 and a controller 7 are provided in the nacelle 2. The first transmission assembly 5 is connected to the wind wheel 3 to ensure the pitch function. The second transmission assembly 6 is used for generating electricity. The controller 7 is used to issue power on and off instructions, receive information such as wind speed and wind direction from the anemometer 4, and control the operation of the first transmission assembly 5.
[0028] Among them, the specific structure of the first transmission assembly 5 includes a motor 51, a gear box 52, a driving sprocket 53, a chain 54, a driven sprocket 55 and a slider bearing 56. The output end of the motor 51 is connected to the input end of the gear box 52. The gear box 52 is provided with a bidirectional reverse output end, and the output end is connected to the driving sprocket 53. The motor 51 drives the gear box 52 to work, driving the two driving sprockets 53 to rotate in opposite directions at the same speed. The driving sprocket 53 and the driven sprocket 55 are connected by a chain 54, and the chain 54 is connected to the slider bearing 56. In addition, the driving sprocket 53 and the driven sprocket 55 are both movably connected to the top of the cabin 2 through bearings to fix the positions of the driving sprocket 53, chain 54 and the driven sprocket 55. Thus, the driving sprocket 53 is transmitted through the chain 54 and the driven sprocket 55, driving the slider bearing 56 to displace.
[0029] In order to limit the displacement path of the slider bearing 56, an opening 21 is provided on the side of the nacelle 2 close to the wind wheel 3, and guide rail grooves 22 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the opening 21. Limit blocks 561 matching the guide rail grooves 22 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the slider bearing 56. The limit blocks 561 move in the guide rail grooves 22 to limit the displacement of the slider bearing 56 only along the direction of the guide rail grooves 22. Several corresponding nodes are set on the two guide rail grooves 22. According to the wind speed, the controller 7 controls the motor 51 to rotate, and the two slider bearings 56 stop at several corresponding nodes in the corresponding guide rail grooves 22. Limit blocks are set on the nodes. Specifically, when the wind speed is low, the slider bearing 56 drives the wind wheel 3 to rotate inward to a point where the angle between the two center lines of the two wind wheels 3 is about 10 to 15 degrees, so as to obtain the maximum wind energy at this wind speed. Corresponding nodes are set according to different wind speeds, so that the angle between the two center lines of the two wind wheels 3 changes accordingly, thereby obtaining the safest maximum wind energy at the node corresponding to the wind speed. When the wind speed is huge, the wind force at this time may destroy the wind wheel 3. At this time, the controller 7 prompts the two center lines of the two wind wheels 3 to form a straight line, that is, the angle is 180 degrees, thereby stopping power generation and protecting the safety of the wind turbine.
[0030] More specifically, at least four transmission gears 521 meshing in sequence are provided in the gear box 52 , and the number of gear boxes 52 is an even number, ensuring that the two output ends of the gear box 52 are reverse output ends, and one of the transmission gears 521 is connected to the output end of the motor 51 .
[0031] In addition, the second transmission assembly 6 includes a head 61, a universal joint 62, a bevel gear connection 63, a large gear 64, a transmission shaft 65, a small gear 66, a transition shaft 67, a bidirectional reverse output gearbox 68, a coaxial high-speed shaft 69 and a dual-rotor generator 610. One end of the head 61 is connected to the hub of the wind wheel 3. The extension lines of the central axes of the two heads 61 intersect and have an angle, and the angle is consistent with the angle of the central axes of the two hubs. One end of the universal joint 62 is connected to the other end of the head 61 through the slider bearing 56. The kinetic energy of the two wind wheels 3 is transmitted to the universal joint 62 through the head 61. The other end of the universal joint 62 is connected to the transmission shaft 65 through the bevel gear connection 63. The two universal joints 62 have the same rotation speed and opposite direction. The transmission shaft 65 is driven by the two universal joints 62. One end of the transmission shaft 65 is fixedly connected to a large gear. Gear 64 is fixedly connected to a transition shaft 67 arranged parallel to the transmission shaft 65, and a pinion 66 is fixedly connected to the large gear 64. The transmission shaft 65 drives the large gear 64 and the pinion 66, and then drives the transition shaft 67 to drive the bidirectional reverse output gearbox 68 to work. The bidirectional reverse output gearbox 68 is connected to the coaxial high-speed shaft 69. The coaxial high-speed shaft 69 includes two coaxially arranged shafts with different diameters. The mechanical energy is transmitted to the coaxial high-speed shaft 69 through the bidirectional reverse output gearbox 68. The two coaxial high-speed shafts 69 are respectively connected to the inner rotor and outer rotor of the dual-rotor generator 610. Finally, the dual-rotor generator 610 is driven to work and generate electrical energy through the two coaxial high-speed shafts 69 with opposite rotation directions. In this embodiment, the dual-rotor generator 610 adopts a cage excitation asynchronous generator or a permanent magnet synchronous generator.
[0032] This embodiment shows gear and chain transmission. Other transmission methods such as hydraulic transmission, connecting rod transmission, etc. that can drive the two wind wheels 3 to produce clutch motion all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0033] More specifically, the bevel gear connection 63 includes two meshing bevel gears, one of which is connected to the universal joint 62 and the other is connected to the transmission shaft 65. The transmission shaft 65, the universal joint 62 and the transition shaft 67 are all connected to the nacelle 2 through bearings to stabilize the positions of the components.
[0034] Working process: When the unit is operating normally, when the incoming wind speed reaches the cut-in wind speed, the wind rotor 3 is blown by the wind, driving the nacelle 2 to rotate to face the wind head-on. The controller 7 issues a start-up command, causing the two wind rotors 2 to start rotating at the same speed and opposite rotation directions. The blades of the two wind rotors 2 alternately sweep the overlapping area. When the wind direction changes, since the wind turbine is a downwind type wind turbine generator supported by bearings, under the action of the windward turning force of the wind rotor 3, the nacelle 2 is driven to rotate to the front facing the wind. When the wind speed increases, the controller 7 issues a working command to the first transmission component 5, causing the two wind rotors 3 to move away and separate to the corresponding wind speed nodes, so that the blades of the two wind rotors 3 rotate safely and stably to generate electricity. When the wind is very strong, which may cause a safety accident to the dual-rotor generator 610, the controller 7 issues an instruction to further separate the two wind rotors 3 through the first transmission component 5 until the central axes of the two wind rotors 3 form a straight line, that is, the angle is 180°, so that the rotation planes of the two wind rotors 3 are parallel to each other, thereby stopping power generation and protecting the safety of the dual-rotor generator 610. When the unit is shut down for maintenance, a shutdown instruction is issued through the controller 7, and the two wind rotors 3 are locked and stopped at the same time. If the blades of a wind rotor 3 are damaged and need to be repaired, the azimuth angles of the two wind rotor systems need to be adjusted so that the damaged blade to be repaired is at a suitable angle for maintenance personnel to detect and repair.
[0035] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0036] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.
Claims
1. An intelligent variable-pitch cross-propeller wind turbine, comprising a tower (1), a nacelle (2), a wind rotor (3) and an anemometer (4), characterized in that: The upper end of the tower (1) is connected to the cabin (2) through a yaw system. Two wind wheels (3) are provided and symmetrically mounted on both sides of one end of the cabin (2). The wind wheel (3) comprises a hub and a plurality of blades evenly distributed along the circumference of the hub. Each blade is connected to the hub through its blade root flange. When the wind wheel (3) on one side is installed, each blade has a phase angle difference with the corresponding blade of the wind wheel (3) on the other side. The swept areas of the blades of the two wind wheels (3) have an overlapping area. A first transmission assembly (5), a second transmission assembly (6) and a controller (7) are provided in the cabin (2).
2. The intelligent variable-pitch crossed twin-propeller wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transmission assembly (5) is connected to the wind wheel (3), the second transmission assembly (6) is used for generating electricity, and the controller (7) is used for issuing power on / off instructions, receiving wind speed and wind direction from the anemometer (4), and controlling the operation of the first transmission assembly (5).
3. The intelligent variable-pitch crossed twin-propeller wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transmission assembly (5) comprises a motor (51), a gear box (52), a driving sprocket (53), a chain (54), a driven sprocket (55) and a slider bearing (56); the output end of the motor (51) is connected to the input end of the gear box (52); the gear box (52) is provided with a bidirectional reverse output end, and the output end is connected to the driving sprocket (53); the driving sprocket (53) and the driven sprocket (55) are both fixed in the cabin (2) through bearings; the driving sprocket (53) and the driven sprocket (55) are connected through a chain (54), and the chain (54) is connected to the slider bearing (56).
4. The intelligent variable-pitch crossed twin-propeller wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An opening (21) is provided on one side of the nacelle (2) close to the wind wheel (3), and guide rail grooves (22) are provided on the upper and lower sides of the opening (21). A plurality of corresponding nodes are provided on the two guide rail grooves (22), and limiters are provided on the nodes.
5. The intelligent variable-pitch crossed twin-propeller wind turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper and lower sides of the slider bearing (56) are both provided with limit blocks (561) that match the guide rail groove (22).
6. The intelligent variable-pitch crossed twin-propeller wind turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least four sequentially meshed transmission gears (521) are provided in the gear box (52), and the number of the gear boxes (52) is an even number, wherein one transmission gear (521) is connected to the output end of the motor (51).
7. The intelligent variable-pitch crossed twin-propeller wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second transmission assembly (6) comprises a machine head (61), a universal joint (62), a bevel gear connection (63), a large gear (64), a transmission shaft (65), a pinion (66), a transition shaft (67), a bidirectional reverse output gearbox (68), a coaxial high-speed shaft (69) and a dual-rotor generator (610), one end of the machine head (61) is connected to the hub of the wind wheel (3), one end of the universal joint (62) is connected to the other end of the machine head (61) through a slider bearing (56), the other end of the universal joint (62) is connected to the transmission shaft (65) through a bevel gear connection (63), one end of the transmission shaft (65) is fixedly connected to the large gear (64), a pinion (66) is fixedly connected to the transition shaft (67) arranged parallel to the transmission shaft (65), the pinion (66) is meshed with the large gear (64), and the bidirectional reverse output gearbox (68) is connected to the dual-rotor generator (610) through the coaxial high-speed shaft (69).
8. The intelligent variable-pitch crossed twin-propeller wind turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bevel gear connection (63) includes two meshing bevel gears, one of which is connected to the universal shaft (62) and the other is connected to the transmission shaft (65).
9. The intelligent variable-pitch crossed twin-propeller wind turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The coaxial high-speed shaft (69) comprises two coaxially arranged shaft bodies with different diameters. The two coaxial high-speed shafts (69) are respectively connected to the inner rotor and the outer rotor of the dual-rotor generator (610).
10. The intelligent variable-pitch crossed twin-propeller wind turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dual-rotor generator (610) is a cage-type excitation asynchronous generator or a permanent magnet synchronous generator.