Railway communication equipment power management system

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway communication equipment power management system, and belongs to the field of power supply management. A railway communication equipment power supply management system comprises a power supply module which comprises a main power supply and a standby battery which are connected with railway communication equipment; the circuit switching module comprises solid-state relays and a super capacitor, and the solid-state relays comprise a first solid-state relay and a second solid-state relay; the monitoring module is used for monitoring state parameters of the power supply module; the control module is used for acquiring state parameters of the power supply module, controlling the circuit to switch the working state of the module and executing a self-adaptive charging and discharging algorithm; and the optical fiber communication module is used for realizing bidirectional data transmission between the control module and a railway control center. The problems of short service life and low reliability of the existing standby battery switching technology can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power supply management, and in particular to a power supply management system for railway communication equipment. Background Art

[0002] Railway fiber-optic telephones are critical communications equipment for ensuring train safety and dispatching, so the stability of the power supply system they use is crucial. Furthermore, as the density of railway fiber-optic telephones increases, traditional power supply methods are prone to instability issues. To maintain power, backup batteries are typically added in addition to the basic external power supply.

[0003] At present, the backup battery switching technology of railway fiber-optic telephones mostly relies on mechanical relays. However, since the contacts of mechanical relays are easily worn during frequent switching, their lifespan is short, which increases maintenance costs and the risk of equipment failure. In addition, the response speed of mechanical relays is slow, which affects the reliability and safety of railway communications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems of short life and low reliability of existing backup battery switching technology, the present application provides a railway communication equipment power management system.

[0005] The present application provides a railway communication equipment power management system that adopts the following technical solutions: A railway communication equipment power management system, comprising: Power supply module, including main power supply and backup battery for connecting railway communication equipment; A circuit switching module includes a solid-state relay and a supercapacitor, wherein the solid-state relay includes a first solid-state relay and a second solid-state relay, the first solid-state relay being connected to a power supply path between a main power source and railway communication equipment, the second solid-state relay being connected to a power supply path between a backup battery and railway communication equipment, and one end of the supercapacitor being connected to a power supply path between the main power source and the first solid-state relay, and the other end being connected to a power supply path between the backup battery and the second solid-state relay; Monitoring module, used to monitor the status parameters of the power module; A control module, configured to obtain status parameters of the power module, control the working state of the circuit switching module, and execute an adaptive charge and discharge algorithm; The optical fiber communication module is used to realize bidirectional data transmission between the control module and the railway control center.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, when the main power supply fails, the solid-state relay connected to the main power supply cuts off the circuit, and the supercapacitor immediately releases energy to maintain system operation. That is, the switching technology of the solid-state relay and the supercapacitor is used to shorten the power switching time from the traditional millisecond level to the microsecond level, significantly improving the switching speed and reliability, avoiding the problem of mechanical relay contact wear, extending the system service life, and reducing maintenance costs; the monitoring module system grasps the operating status of the power module and provides detailed data, so as to timely understand the system status, and then controls the working status of the circuit switching module according to the obtained data to ensure a stable power supply. The adaptive charge and discharge algorithm can evaluate the charge state and health status of the backup battery in real time, and dynamically adjust the charge and discharge strategy accordingly, effectively extending the service life of the backup battery, improving energy utilization efficiency, and reducing energy consumption costs.

[0007] Optionally, the optical fiber communication module is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, two-way data transmission is achieved between the control unit and the railway control center. The characteristics of optical fiber such as strong anti-electromagnetic interference ability, long transmission distance and high speed are utilized to ensure stable and accurate transmission of power status data in complex railway electromagnetic environments. It can also receive control instructions issued by the control center, facilitating remote management of solid-state relays, supercapacitors and the entire system.

[0009] Optionally, the monitoring module includes a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor, and a current sensor, and the status parameters of the power module include the temperature, voltage status, and current magnitude and direction of the main power supply and the backup battery.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature, voltage status, current size and direction of the main power supply and backup battery can be monitored in real time using temperature sensors, voltage sensors and current sensors. The temperature sensor can enable the control module to initiate heat dissipation measures and upload abnormal information when the temperature of the main power supply or backup battery exceeds the set threshold. The voltage sensor can monitor the voltage status of each part in real time. The current sensor can monitor the current size and direction, providing a basis for the adaptive charging and discharging algorithm.

[0011] Optionally, when a fault is detected in the power module, the circuit switching module is started to switch from main power supply to backup battery power supply. When the power module is detected to be normal, the main power supply is restored and the backup battery is charged.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the continuous and stable operation of railway communication equipment is guaranteed, and when the power module returns to normal, the main power supply is restored and the backup battery is charged, thereby achieving efficient and stable management of the power supply of railway communication equipment and ensuring smooth railway communication.

[0013] Optionally, situations in which a power module fault is detected include the temperature of the main power supply exceeding a set threshold range, the voltage of the main power supply exceeding a set threshold range, and the current of the main power supply exceeding a set threshold range.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the circuit switching module is triggered in time to realize the switch from main power supply to backup battery power supply, ensuring the continuous supply of power to railway communication equipment, and improving the power management system's response capability to faults and the stability of power supply.

[0015] Optionally, the adaptive charge and discharge algorithm evaluates the remaining capacity and health status of the backup battery by combining the ampere-hour integration method and the equivalent circuit model, and switches to constant current charging or constant voltage charging mode based on the evaluation result.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the remaining capacity and health status of the battery can be evaluated in real time, and the charging and discharging strategy can be dynamically adjusted accordingly, effectively extending the battery life, improving energy utilization efficiency, and reducing energy consumption costs.

[0017] Optionally, the circuit switching module adopts a delayed confirmation mechanism, and switches back to the main power supply after a set time delay after the main power returns to normal.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, power switching is more stable and reliable.

[0019] Optionally, the main power input terminal is provided with a surge protection circuit.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the system can be effectively prevented from being damaged by abnormal voltage.

[0021] Optionally, an anti-reverse connection protection circuit is provided at the output end of the backup battery.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, damage to the equipment due to wiring errors can be avoided.

[0023] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. When the main power supply fails, the solid-state relay connected to the main power supply cuts off the circuit, and the supercapacitor immediately releases energy to maintain system operation. That is, the switching technology of the solid-state relay and supercapacitor is used to shorten the power switching time from the traditional millisecond level to the microsecond level, significantly improving the switching speed and reliability, avoiding the problem of mechanical relay contact wear, extending the system service life, and reducing maintenance costs; the monitoring module system grasps the operating status of the power module and provides detailed data, so as to timely understand the system status, and then controls the working status of the circuit switching module according to the obtained data to ensure a stable power supply. The adaptive charge and discharge algorithm can evaluate the charge state and health status of the backup battery in real time, and dynamically adjust the charge and discharge strategy accordingly, effectively extending the service life of the backup battery, improving energy utilization efficiency, and reducing energy consumption costs.

[0024] 2. The control module executes an adaptive charge and discharge algorithm, which can evaluate the remaining capacity and health status of the battery in real time, and dynamically adjust the charge and discharge strategy accordingly, effectively extending the battery life, improving energy utilization efficiency, and reducing energy consumption costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a module diagram of the railway communication equipment power management system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is combined with Figure 1 This application is described in further detail.

[0027] The present application provides a railway communication equipment power management system, such as Figure 1 As shown, a railway communication equipment power management system includes a power module, a circuit switching module, a fiber optic communication module, a monitoring module, and a control module. The power module, circuit switching module, and monitoring module are all connected to the control module, which in turn is connected to the fiber optic communication module, enabling efficient and stable power management for railway communication equipment.

[0028] In this embodiment, the power module includes a main power supply and a backup battery connected to the railway communication equipment. The input end of the main power supply is provided with a surge protection circuit, which can resist instantaneous surge impacts, such as surges caused by lightning.

[0029] In some embodiments, a reverse polarity protection circuit is provided at the output end of the backup battery. The reverse polarity protection circuit may be composed of a diode, a MOS tube, or a special reverse polarity protection chip. The reverse polarity protection circuit may prevent damage to the device due to wiring errors.

[0030] In some embodiments, the backup battery can use a high-capacity lithium battery pack, which has the advantages of high energy density and long life. When the main power supply is normally supplied, it can power the railway communication equipment on the one hand and charge the backup battery on the other hand; when the main power supply stops supplying, the backup battery can power the railway communication equipment.

[0031] In this embodiment, the circuit switching module includes solid-state relays and supercapacitors. The solid-state relays include a first solid-state relay and a second solid-state relay. The first solid-state relay is connected to the power supply path between the main power supply and the railway communication equipment, while the second solid-state relay is connected to the power supply path between the backup battery and the railway communication equipment. Solid-state relays offer fast response times and long lifespans, facilitating rapid and accurate power switching. Specifically, Panasonic's G3VM solid-state relays are used to meet the system's requirements for fast switching and stable power supply.

[0032] One end of the supercapacitor is connected to the power path between the main power supply and the first solid-state relay, and the other end is connected to the power path between the backup battery and the second solid-state relay. If the main power supply fails, the solid-state relay connected to the main power supply disconnects the circuit, and the supercapacitor releases energy to maintain device operation, achieving seamless power switching within microseconds. Specifically, the supercapacitor is a Maxwell BMOD0250 supercapacitor.

[0033] The switching technology that uses solid-state relays and supercapacitors is used to shorten the power switching time from the traditional millisecond level to microseconds, significantly improving the switching speed and reliability, avoiding the problem of mechanical relay contact wear, extending the system life, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0034] The monitoring module includes a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor, and a current sensor. These sensors are all electrically connected to the main power supply and backup battery, monitoring their temperature, voltage, and current flow. Specifically, the temperature sensor can be a thermocouple, thermistor, or other type. Voltage sensors are located at the main power supply input port, the backup battery output port, and the railway communication equipment power supply port to monitor the voltage status of each component in real time and detect voltage anomalies promptly. Current sensors are installed at the main power supply input circuit and the backup battery charge and discharge circuit to monitor the current flow and direction.

[0035] When a power module fault is detected, including situations such as the main power supply temperature exceeding a set threshold, the main power supply voltage exceeding a set threshold, or the main power supply current exceeding a set threshold, for example, when the main power supply cannot meet the power supply needs of railway communication equipment, the monitoring module will detect that the main power supply voltage is below a set threshold. The control module will activate the circuit switching module to switch from main power supply to backup battery power supply. When the power module is detected to be normal, the main power supply is restored and the backup battery is charged.

[0036] In some embodiments, the circuit switching module adopts a delayed confirmation mechanism, and switches back to the main power supply after a set time delay after the main power returns to normal. The delay time can be 0.5~2s, thereby avoiding switching when the main power has just recovered and is unstable, resulting in frequent switching and damage to the equipment.

[0037] The control module uses a high-performance microcontroller (MCU), specifically Microchip's PIC32MX795F512L, as the system's core controller. This control module controls the circuit switching module's operating state and, upon receiving a power module fault signal, issues a command to switch power sources. Furthermore, the control module implements an adaptive charge-discharge algorithm, using the ampere-hour integration method and an equivalent circuit model to assess the remaining capacity (SOC) and state of health (SOH) of the backup battery. Based on this assessment, the module switches between constant-current and constant-voltage charging modes. For example, when the backup battery charge is low, constant-current charging is used to quickly replenish the battery; when the charge reaches a certain level, constant-voltage charging is switched to protect the battery.

[0038] Ampere-hour integral formula: ; in, is the remaining capacity at time t, is the remaining capacity at the initial time t0, is the charge and discharge current at time τ, is the rated capacity of the battery.

[0039] Health status assessment: Comprehensively evaluate SOH based on battery internal resistance and capacity attenuation.

[0040] Capacity fade calculation: ,in The actual available capacity of the battery.

[0041] Calculation of internal resistance growth: ,in is the rated internal resistance of the battery, It is the internal resistance of the battery measured in real time.

[0042] comprehensive SOH: , where α is the weight coefficient (0<α<1). The influence ratio of capacity attenuation and internal resistance growth on SOH can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0043] Charge and discharge current adjustment: Dynamically adjust the charge and discharge current according to SOC and SOH.

[0044] When SOC<20%, ,in is the charging current, The maximum charging current allowed by the battery. At this time, it is charged at a constant current close to the maximum current. The lower the SOH, the lower the charging current is to protect the battery. When 20%≤SOC<80%, , As the SOC increases and the SOH changes, the charging current is adjusted linearly. When SOC≥80%, it enters the constant voltage charging stage. Automatically adjusts based on voltage feedback to keep the charging voltage constant.

[0045] In this embodiment, a fiber-optic communication module is used to enable bidirectional data transmission between the power module and the railway control center. The module is electrically connected to the control unit, facilitating the transmission of relevant data and instructions. The module can utilize industrial-grade fiber-optic transceiver modules with varying speeds and specifications to meet diverse transmission requirements. The module can also utilize a custom communication protocol for power status data transmission. This protocol includes a packet header, data content, and a checksum to ensure accurate data transmission.

[0046] The implementation principle of the railway communication equipment power management system in this application is as follows: The protection measures of the power module ensure the safety and stability of the main power supply and backup battery. When the main power supply fails, the solid-state relay connected to the main power supply cuts off the circuit, and the supercapacitor immediately releases energy to maintain system operation. That is, the switching technology of the solid-state relay and supercapacitor is adopted. The monitoring module monitors the power status parameters in real time, providing a decision-making basis for the control module. The control module executes the adaptive charging and discharging algorithm and controls the power switching, which improves the stability and reliability of the power management of railway communication equipment, reduces maintenance costs and the risk of equipment failure, and ensures the smooth operation of railway communications.

[0047] This specific implementation manner is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the specific implementation manner as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A railway communication equipment power management system, characterized by: include: Power supply module, including main power supply and backup battery for connecting railway communication equipment; A circuit switching module includes a solid-state relay and a supercapacitor, wherein the solid-state relay includes a first solid-state relay and a second solid-state relay, the first solid-state relay being connected to a power supply path between a main power source and railway communication equipment, the second solid-state relay being connected to a power supply path between a backup battery and railway communication equipment, and one end of the supercapacitor being connected to a power supply path between the main power source and the first solid-state relay, and the other end being connected to a power supply path between the backup battery and the second solid-state relay; Monitoring module, used to monitor the status parameters of the power module; A control module, configured to obtain status parameters of the power module, control the working state of the circuit switching module, and execute an adaptive charge and discharge algorithm; The optical fiber communication module is used to realize bidirectional data transmission between the control module and the railway control center.

2. The railway communication equipment power management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber communication module is electrically connected to the control unit.

3. The railway communication equipment power management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring module includes a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor and a current sensor, and the status parameters of the power module include the temperature, voltage status, and current magnitude and direction of the main power supply and the backup battery.

4. The railway communication equipment power management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When a fault is detected in the power module, the circuit switching module is started to switch from the main power supply to the backup battery. When the power module is detected to be normal, the main power supply is restored and the backup battery is charged.

5. The railway communication equipment power management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power module fault is detected, including the main power temperature exceeding the set threshold range, the main power voltage exceeding the set threshold range, and the main power current exceeding the set threshold range.

6. The railway communication equipment power management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive charge and discharge algorithm evaluates the remaining capacity and health status of the backup battery by combining the ampere-hour integration method and the equivalent circuit model, and switches between constant current charging and constant voltage charging modes based on the evaluation results.

7. The railway communication equipment power management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit switching module adopts a delayed confirmation mechanism, and switches back to the main power supply after a set time delay after the main power returns to normal.

8. The railway communication equipment power management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main power input terminal is provided with a surge protection circuit.

9. The railway communication equipment power management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-reverse connection protection circuit is provided at the output end of the backup battery.

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