Cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave power generation system for extended-range unmanned ship hybrid power system

Abstract

The invention provides a cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave power generation system for a hybrid power system of an extended-range unmanned ship, and belongs to the technical field of wave power generation-energy storage. A generator comprises a straight shaft, a rotor iron core, a permanent magnet, a stator iron core and an armature winding; the straight shaft, the rotor iron core and the permanent magnet form a rotor part of the motor, the stator iron core and the armature winding form a stator part of the motor, and the rotor and the stator are separated by an air gap; the rotor iron core is distributed on the straight shaft, the stator iron core adopts an auxiliary tooth structure at the stator end part, and the armature winding adopts a single-layer fractional slot winding mode and is wound in armature teeth of the stator iron core. The flywheel energy storage system and the battery energy storage system form a hybrid power system, the advantages of the flywheel energy storage system and the battery energy storage system are fully played, the application requirements under different working conditions are met, and the cruising ability of the unmanned ship and the load electricity utilization reliability and stability can be effectively improved by combining the flywheel energy storage system and the battery energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of wave energy power generation and energy storage technology, and in particular relates to a cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave power generation system for a range-extended unmanned ship hybrid system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of artificial intelligence, intelligent unmanned vehicles are playing an increasingly important role. Unmanned vessels, equipped with various payloads, can perform dangerous, arduous tasks unsuitable for manned vessels. They can also handle surveying and mapping missions that require high navigation accuracy. Swarms of unmanned vessels working together can accomplish tasks more quickly, flexibly, and efficiently.

[0003] Currently, unmanned boats, both domestically and internationally, are primarily powered by batteries or diesel engines. However, battery power cannot adequately meet the endurance requirements of unmanned boats. In high-speed water, unmanned boats can easily deviate from their course or even be lost. Furthermore, the combustion of diesel fuel in diesel engines produces large amounts of pollutants such as sulfide, nitrogen oxides, and carbon dioxide, causing serious environmental pollution.

[0004] In summary, current unmanned vessels face endurance issues, which have become a major constraint on the further development of intelligent unmanned vessels. Therefore, overcoming the shortcomings of existing unmanned vessel power systems and effectively integrating hybrid power systems with renewable energy sources such as wave energy is one effective way to address this issue.

[0005] At present, extended-range hybrid systems that combine wave energy usually use cylindrical permanent magnet linear generators to collect wave energy. However, due to the special structure of the linear motor, the cylindrical permanent magnet synchronous linear motor has a high positioning force, which will cause the motor to generate noise and oscillation, and even destroy the stability of the system and reduce the overall efficiency of the system. In addition, this type of generator always operates in a low-frequency marine environment, and it often has the disadvantage of low power density. This has also become an important constraint on the further development of flywheel energy storage systems for vehicles. In view of this, overcoming the defects in the above-mentioned existing technologies and providing a high-performance cylindrical permanent magnet wave power generation system with low positioning force and high power density has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention proposes a cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave power generation system for a hybrid power system of an extended-range unmanned ship, which solves the problems of high positioning force and low power density of the cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator used in the hybrid power system of the extended-range unmanned ship, and improves the endurance of the intelligent unmanned ship under complex working conditions at sea.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator for a hybrid power system of an extended-range unmanned ship:

[0009] The generator includes a direct shaft, a rotor core, a permanent magnet, a stator core and an armature winding;

[0010] The direct shaft, the mover core and the permanent magnet constitute the mover part of the motor, the stator core and the armature winding constitute the stator part of the motor, and the mover and the stator are separated by an air gap;

[0011] The mover core is distributed on the straight axis.

[0012] The stator core adopts an auxiliary tooth structure at the stator end, and the armature winding adopts a single-layer fractional slot winding method and is wound in the armature teeth of the stator core.

[0013] Furthermore, the permanent magnet adopts a surface-mounted structure, consisting of a radially magnetized excitation permanent magnet and an axially magnetized auxiliary permanent magnet.

[0014] The radial magnetization excitation permanent magnets and the axial magnetization auxiliary permanent magnets are evenly distributed on the mover core;

[0015] The air gap with uneven length is generated by the unequal magnetization lengths of the excitation permanent magnet and the auxiliary permanent magnet.

[0016] Furthermore, two adjacent excitation permanent magnets adopt radial magnetization with opposite magnetization directions.

[0017] The two adjacent auxiliary permanent magnets adopt an axial magnetization mode with opposite magnetization directions.

[0018] Furthermore, the direction of the magnetic field generated by the excitation permanent magnet and the direction of the magnetic field generated by the auxiliary permanent magnet are superimposed at the air gap, thereby adjusting the air gap magnetic field and increasing the sinusoidality of the air gap magnetic flux waveform.

[0019] Furthermore, the excitation permanent magnets and auxiliary permanent magnets of the generator are both made of neodymium iron boron materials.

[0020] A cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave power generation system for a hybrid power system of an extended-range unmanned ship, the power generation system comprising the above-mentioned cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator for a hybrid power system of an extended-range unmanned ship, an energy storage module, a power conversion device, an energy management system, and a load module;

[0021] The energy storage module is used for short-term high-power charging and discharging and long-term stable energy storage;

[0022] The power conversion device is used for bidirectional conversion of AC and DC power to achieve voltage / frequency adaptation between the wave generator, energy storage module and load module;

[0023] The energy management system is used to optimize the energy distribution strategy in real time, dynamically coordinate the power balance of power generation, energy storage and load, and monitor the flywheel speed, battery health status and load priority;

[0024] The load module is used to consume electrical energy to drive the unmanned ship's propulsion, sensor operation and communication equipment operation.

[0025] Furthermore, the working principle of the power generation system is:

[0026] The power generation stage converts wave energy into electrical energy: the cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator performs linear reciprocating motion, cutting the magnetic flux lines to generate alternating current, and the power conversion device converts the wave energy in the waters where the unmanned boat is located into electrical energy;

[0027] The flywheel energy storage stage converts electrical energy into kinetic energy: the energy storage module includes a flywheel energy storage system and a battery. Electrical energy is input into the flywheel energy storage system, and the motor drives the flywheel rotor to accelerate rotation, storing the energy in the flywheel energy storage system in the form of kinetic energy, completing the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical kinetic energy.

[0028] The flywheel converts kinetic energy into electrical energy during the energy release phase: When the load demand increases or the battery energy storage is insufficient, the flywheel decelerates to release kinetic energy, and the motor switches to generator mode, outputting electrical energy to the load module through the power conversion device.

[0029] During the long-term energy storage phase, electrical energy is converted into battery storage: surplus electrical energy is used to charge the battery at a constant current / voltage;

[0030] During the stable output phase, the battery energy is converted into load power supply: the battery outputs electrical energy to match the load voltage / frequency requirements;

[0031] In hybrid power supply mode, the flywheel and battery work together to provide power: under high power load, the flywheel discharges instantaneously to bear the peak power, and the battery supplements the basic power.

[0032] Beneficial effects of the present invention

[0033] 1. The novel concentrated magnetic cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator proposed in this invention incorporates auxiliary permanent magnets in addition to conventional excitation permanent magnets. The excitation permanent magnets and auxiliary permanent magnets have different magnetization methods and thicknesses. The excitation permanent magnets are magnetized radially, while the auxiliary permanent magnets are magnetized axially. Their thickness is different from that of the excitation permanent magnets. Compared to a single radial magnetization method, this magnetization method improves the air gap magnetic field density and the sinusoidal nature of the magnetic field, reduces no-load back EMF harmonics, and increases the generator's output power and power density.

[0034] 2. The new type of concentrated magnetic cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator proposed in the present invention can weaken the harmonics of the air gap magnetic density due to the different magnetization methods and thicknesses of the excitation permanent magnet and the auxiliary permanent magnet, thereby achieving the purpose of weakening the positioning force.

[0035] 3. The new type of magnetic concentrating cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator proposed in the present invention adopts a 15-slot 14-pole structure, with a large number of slot force cycles and a corresponding small slot force, which can effectively weaken the slot force and improve the stability of the generator output performance.

[0036] 4. The novel magnetic concentrating cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator proposed in this invention utilizes a single-layer fractional-slot winding. This simple structure facilitates installation, reduces the effective area of interlayer insulation, and improves slot fill rate and operational reliability. The fractional-slot winding also offers a low harmonic distribution coefficient and low harmonic amplitude, effectively attenuating higher-order harmonics.

[0037] 5. This invention combines a cylindrical permanent magnet linear generator with an energy storage system to form a power generation and energy storage system. Because wave energy is intermittent and unstable, the energy storage system's conversion effectively smooths the power fluctuations of wave power generation. When wave energy is sufficient, the generated electricity is stored in a flywheel energy storage system and batteries, improving the unmanned vessel's endurance. When wave energy is insufficient or the unmanned vessel requires additional power, the energy storage system releases energy, achieving temporal and spatial energy transfer and optimized energy allocation, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0038] 6. The flywheel energy storage system and battery energy storage system of the present invention form a hybrid power system, fully leveraging the advantages of each to meet the application requirements under different operating conditions. Flywheel energy storage is suitable for scenarios requiring rapid and frequent charging and discharging, such as power smoothing and frequency modulation in wave power generation; batteries are suitable for long-term, large-capacity energy storage needs. The combination of the two can effectively improve the endurance of unmanned vessels and the reliability and stability of load power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid power system of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of electric energy transmission of a hybrid power system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the novel magnetic concentrating cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator of the present invention;

[0042] In the figure: 1. direct shaft, 2. mover core, 3. permanent magnet, 4. stator core, 5. armature winding;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the permanent magnet structure of the novel magnetic concentrating cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator of the present invention;

[0044] In the figure: 6. Air gap, 31. Excitation permanent magnet in radial magnetization direction, 32. Auxiliary permanent magnet in axial magnetization direction, a. Magnetic field lines of permanent magnet in radial magnetization direction, b. Magnetic field lines of permanent magnet in axial magnetization direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] The experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, methods, and instruments used are conventional in the art and can be obtained commercially by those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0047] This embodiment relates to a new type of magnetic concentrating cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator for wave energy generation, flywheel energy storage, battery energy storage and energy transmission device, which is an integrated wave energy generation and storage system for unmanned ships, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0048] The hybrid power system designed in the present invention includes a novel magnetic concentrating cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator, an energy storage module, a power conversion device, an energy management system and a load module.

[0049] The energy storage module is used for short-term high-power charging and discharging and long-term stable energy storage;

[0050] The power conversion device is used for bidirectional conversion of AC and DC power to achieve voltage / frequency adaptation between the wave generator, energy storage module and load module;

[0051] The energy management system is used to optimize the energy distribution strategy in real time, dynamically coordinate the power balance of power generation, energy storage and load, and monitor the flywheel speed, battery health status and load priority;

[0052] The load module is used to consume electrical energy to drive the unmanned ship's propulsion, sensor operation and communication equipment operation.

[0053] Energy storage adopts a combination of flywheel energy storage and battery energy storage, combining the advantages of flywheel energy storage's fast charging and discharging, high power density, high efficiency, and long life with the advantages of battery energy storage's long-term stable energy storage, to meet the power needs of different loads, and effectively improve the unmanned ship's endurance and the reliability and stability of load power consumption.

[0054] The new magnetic-concentrating cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator generates alternating current, which, through a power conversion device, outputs a stable power source suitable for driving a flywheel energy storage motor, driving the flywheel to complete energy storage. While some of the flywheel's stored energy is stored in the battery, the flywheel motor is in a generating state, and the output electrical energy is transferred to the battery for storage via the power conversion device. The energy stored in the flywheel system and the battery is then transferred to the battery via the power conversion device to output appropriate electrical energy to different loads, meeting the power requirements of different load types. During the generation of electricity by the new magnetic-concentrating cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator, the storage and supply of electrical energy by the flywheel and battery storage, and the consumption of electricity by the load, the energy management system strictly controls the operation of each process to ensure stable power output.

[0055] refer to Figure 2 The electric energy transmission process of the hybrid system is:

[0056] The power generation stage converts wave energy into electrical energy: the cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator performs linear reciprocating motion, cutting the magnetic flux lines to generate alternating current, and the power conversion device converts the wave energy in the waters where the unmanned boat is located into electrical energy;

[0057] The flywheel energy storage stage converts electrical energy into kinetic energy: the energy storage module includes a flywheel energy storage system and a battery. Electrical energy is input into the flywheel energy storage system, and the motor drives the flywheel rotor to accelerate rotation, storing the energy in the flywheel energy storage system in the form of kinetic energy, completing the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical kinetic energy.

[0058] The energy stored in the flywheel energy storage system is adjusted to a voltage and current suitable for battery charging by the power conversion device, and then input into the battery for storage, or directly supplied to the load module for use;

[0059] The flywheel converts kinetic energy into electrical energy during the energy release phase: When the load demand increases or the battery energy storage is insufficient, the flywheel decelerates to release kinetic energy, and the motor switches to generator mode, outputting electrical energy to the load module through the power conversion device.

[0060] During the long-term energy storage phase, electrical energy is converted into battery storage: surplus electrical energy is used to charge the battery at a constant current / voltage; the energy management system limits the depth of charge and discharge based on the battery's health status to extend battery life.

[0061] During the stable output phase, the battery energy is converted into load power supply: the battery outputs electrical energy to match the load voltage / frequency requirements;

[0062] In hybrid power mode, the flywheel and battery work together to provide power:

[0063] When a high-power load (such as full-speed propulsion) is started, the flywheel discharges instantaneously to bear the peak power, and the battery supplements the basic power to avoid large current shock to the battery.

[0064] In the process of power generation by the new type of concentrated magnetic cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator, storage and supply of electric energy by flywheel energy storage and battery energy storage, and load power consumption, the energy management system can strictly control the operation of each process to ensure the stable output of electric energy.

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, a cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator for a hybrid system of an extended-range unmanned ship, the generator includes a direct shaft 1, a rotor core 2, a permanent magnet 3, a stator core 4 and an armature winding 5;

[0066] The direct shaft 1, the rotor core 2 and the permanent magnet 3 constitute the rotor part of the motor, the stator core 4 and the armature winding 5 constitute the stator part of the motor, and the rotor and the stator are separated by an air gap 6;

[0067] The mover core 2 is distributed on the direct axis 1; the permanent magnet 3 adopts a surface-mounted structure, consisting of a radially magnetized excitation permanent magnet 31 and an axially magnetized auxiliary permanent magnet 32.

[0068] The radial magnetization excitation permanent magnets 31 and the axial magnetization auxiliary permanent magnets 32 are evenly distributed on the mover core 2;

[0069] The two adjacent radially magnetized excitation permanent magnets 31 adopt radial magnetization with opposite magnetization directions, and the two adjacent axially magnetized auxiliary permanent magnets 32 adopt axial magnetization with opposite magnetization directions.

[0070] The air gap 6 with uneven length is generated due to the unequal magnetization lengths of the excitation permanent magnet 31 and the auxiliary permanent magnet 32 .

[0071] The generator incorporates axially magnetized auxiliary permanent magnets 32 in addition to conventional excitation permanent magnets. This improves the air gap magnetic field density and the sinusoidal nature of the magnetic field, reduces no-load back EMF harmonics, and increases the generator's output power and power density. Furthermore, the uneven air gap 6 created by the unequal thicknesses of the excitation permanent magnets 31 and auxiliary permanent magnets 32 weakens the harmonics of the air gap magnetic field density, thereby reducing thrust fluctuations.

[0072] The stator core 4 adopts an auxiliary tooth structure at the stator end, which can effectively weaken the positioning force generated by the cylindrical permanent magnet linear generator and improve the stability of the motor output performance.

[0073] The armature winding 5 is wound around the armature teeth of the stator core 4, which has a simple structure, saves the effective area of interlayer insulation, and improves the slot fill rate. In addition, the use of fractional slot winding distribution can effectively reduce high-order harmonics.

[0074] refer to Figure 3The novel magnetic concentrating cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator of this invention adopts a long rotor and short stator structure, ensuring winding utilization. The generator also uses an inner rotor and outer stator arrangement, which facilitates winding heat dissipation and reduces the amount of permanent magnets used, lowering processing costs.

[0075] In the embodiment, the generator adopts a 15-slot 14-pole structure, and the coupled length portion of the stator and mover has a total of 14 excitation permanent magnets 31 and 14 auxiliary permanent magnets 32. Two adjacent excitation permanent magnets 31 adopt a radial magnetization method with opposite magnetization directions, and two adjacent auxiliary permanent magnets 32 adopt an axial magnetization method with opposite magnetization directions.

[0076] The unequal thicknesses of the excitation permanent magnets 31 and auxiliary permanent magnets 32 create an uneven air gap 6 in the motor, reducing the harmonics of the air gap flux density and, in turn, thrust fluctuations. Furthermore, the sum of the axial lengths of the excitation permanent magnets 31 and auxiliary permanent magnets 32 is less than the motor pole pitch, reducing the number of permanent magnets used and the risk of core saturation in the equal-pole-pitch magnetization method.

[0077] The generator stator core 4 adopts an auxiliary tooth structure, which can effectively weaken the positioning force of the motor and improve the stability of the motor output performance.

[0078] The armature winding 5 adopts a single-layer pancake-shaped coil structure, which saves interlayer insulation area and effectively improves the slot fill rate and operational reliability.

[0079] Furthermore, the armature winding 5 adopts a fractional slot winding distribution form, which has a low harmonic distribution coefficient and can effectively weaken high-order harmonics.

[0080] like Figure 4 As shown, the solid line a in the figure is the magnetic field lines generated by the excitation permanent magnet, which starts from the excitation permanent magnet, passes through the air gap 6-stator tooth-stator yoke-stator tooth-air gap 6-excitation permanent magnet 31-motor core 2, and then returns to the excitation permanent magnet 31. The dotted line b is the magnetic field lines generated by the auxiliary permanent magnet, which starts from the auxiliary permanent magnet, passes through the air gap 6-stator tooth-stator yoke-stator tooth-air gap 6-excitation permanent magnet 31-motor core 2, and then returns to the auxiliary permanent magnet.

[0081] The present invention uses an excitation permanent magnet and an auxiliary permanent magnet in combination, so that the direction of the magnetic field generated by the auxiliary permanent magnet and the direction of the magnetic field generated by the excitation permanent magnet are superimposed at the air gap, thereby increasing the air gap magnetic field. At the same time, the air gap magnetic field can be adjusted, and the sinusoidality of the air gap magnetic flux density waveform can be increased, thereby improving the power density of the motor and reducing the positioning force of the motor.

[0082] The above is a detailed introduction to the cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave power generation system for the extended-range unmanned ship hybrid system proposed in the present invention, and the principles and implementation methods of the present invention are explained. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for general technical personnel in this field, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator for a hybrid power system of an extended-range unmanned vessel, characterized by: The generator comprises a direct shaft (1), a rotor core (2), a permanent magnet (3), a stator core (4) and an armature winding (5); The direct shaft (1), the rotor core (2) and the permanent magnet (3) constitute the rotor part of the motor, the stator core (4) and the armature winding (5) constitute the stator part of the motor, and the rotor and the stator are separated by an air gap (6); The mover core (2) is distributed on the straight axis (1). The stator core (4) adopts an auxiliary tooth structure at the stator end, and the armature winding (5) adopts a single-layer fractional slot winding method and is wound in the armature teeth of the stator core (4).

2. The generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnet (3) adopts a surface-mounted structure and is composed of an excitation permanent magnet (31) in a radial magnetization mode and an auxiliary permanent magnet (32) in an axial magnetization mode. The radially magnetized excitation permanent magnets (31) and the axially magnetized auxiliary permanent magnets (32) are evenly distributed on the mover core (2); An air gap (6) with uneven length is generated by the unequal magnetization lengths of the excitation permanent magnet (31) and the auxiliary permanent magnet (32).

3. The generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two adjacent excitation permanent magnets (31) adopt a radial magnetization method with opposite magnetization directions. Two adjacent auxiliary permanent magnets (32) adopt an axial magnetization mode with opposite magnetization directions.

4. The generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The direction of the magnetic field generated by the excitation permanent magnet (31) and the direction of the magnetic field generated by the auxiliary permanent magnet (32) are superimposed at the air gap (6), thereby adjusting the air gap magnetic field and increasing the sinusoidality of the air gap magnetic flux waveform.

5. The generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The excitation permanent magnet (31) and the auxiliary permanent magnet (32) of the generator are both made of neodymium iron boron material.

6. A cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave power generation system for a hybrid power system of an extended-range unmanned vessel, the power generation system comprising the cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator for a hybrid power system of an extended-range unmanned vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The power generation system also includes an energy storage module, a power conversion device, an energy management system and a load module; The energy storage module is used for short-term high-power charging and discharging and long-term stable energy storage; The power conversion device is used for bidirectional conversion of AC and DC power to achieve voltage / frequency adaptation between the wave generator, energy storage module and load module; The energy management system is used to optimize the energy distribution strategy in real time, dynamically coordinate the power balance of power generation, energy storage and load, and monitor the flywheel speed, battery health status and load priority; The load module is used to consume electrical energy to drive the unmanned ship's propulsion, sensor operation and communication equipment operation.

7. The power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The working principle of the power generation system is as follows: The power generation stage converts wave energy into electrical energy: the cylindrical permanent magnet linear wave generator performs linear reciprocating motion, cutting the magnetic flux lines to generate alternating current, and the power conversion device converts the wave energy in the waters where the unmanned boat is located into electrical energy; The flywheel energy storage stage converts electrical energy into kinetic energy: the energy storage module includes a flywheel energy storage system and a battery. Electrical energy is input into the flywheel energy storage system, and the motor drives the flywheel rotor to accelerate rotation, storing the energy in the flywheel energy storage system in the form of kinetic energy, completing the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical kinetic energy. The flywheel converts kinetic energy into electrical energy during the energy release phase: When the load demand increases or the battery energy storage is insufficient, the flywheel decelerates to release kinetic energy, and the motor switches to generator mode, outputting electrical energy to the load module through the power conversion device. During the long-term energy storage phase, electrical energy is converted into battery storage: surplus electrical energy is used to charge the battery at a constant current / voltage; During the stable output phase, the battery energy is converted into load power supply: the battery outputs electrical energy to match the load voltage / frequency requirements; In hybrid power supply mode, the flywheel and battery work together to provide power: under high power load, the flywheel discharges instantaneously to bear the peak power, and the battery supplements the basic power.

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