Digital management and analysis system based on intelligent electronic work cards

Abstract

The invention discloses a digital management and analysis system based on an intelligent electronic work card, and belongs to the technical field of digital monitoring, a multi-mode communication module integrates various communication modules, an optimal frequency band is selected through an intelligent scheduling and spectrum sensing algorithm, an edge cache module encrypts and stores data when a channel is congested and reissues the data in sequence after the channel is recovered, and the intelligent electronic work card is stored in the edge cache module. The method comprises the following steps: a relay construction module establishes a relay link by using a Bluetooth Mesh technology and elects an optimal relay node through a comprehensive score to realize data relay transmission, and a cloud optimization module predicts a congestion risk through an LSTM model, dynamically adjusts a spectrum sensing threshold and optimizes multi-path transmission in combination with an SCTP protocol. The problems of channel congestion, data loss and the like in the prior art are solved, the stability and reliability of data transmission are improved, and the method can be widely applied to scenes needing real-time monitoring and management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of digital monitoring, in particular to a digital management and analysis system based on intelligent electronic work badges. Background Art

[0002] In the current digital management scenario, smart electronic work badges, as important terminals for personnel management and data collection, face complex communication environments and data transmission challenges.

[0003] In the existing technology, the signal transmission of work badges is often unstable due to channel congestion during the communication process, resulting in data loss, transmission delay and other problems, affecting the real-time and reliability of the management system.

[0004] At the same time, in areas with weak signal coverage, a single communication module cannot guarantee continuous data transmission, and the traditional data storage and retransmission mechanism lacks an efficient breakpoint resumption strategy and cannot ensure data integrity.

[0005] In addition, the existing system lacks the ability to predict and optimize network status, making it difficult to respond to channel congestion risks in advance, resulting in poor adaptability of work badges in complex network environments.

[0006] To address the above problems, there is an urgent need for a digital management system that can achieve multi-mode communication collaboration, intelligent relay transmission, reliable data caching and cloud-based global optimization to improve the application efficiency of smart electronic work badges in complex scenarios.

[0007] To this end, the present invention provides a digital management and analysis system based on intelligent electronic work badges. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a digital management and analysis system based on intelligent electronic work badges, comprising: Multi-mode communication module: Multiple communication modules are integrated into the electronic ID card. Intelligent scheduling algorithms are used to detect channel congestion. Spectrum sensing algorithms are used to monitor surrounding available frequency bands in real time, avoiding channel congestion and selecting low-interference, high-bandwidth communication bands. Edge caching module: An edge computing unit is embedded in the ID card terminal. When the channel is congested, the collected data is encrypted and stored in local flash memory. A breakpoint-resume transmission protocol is developed. When the channel is uncongested, the cached data is resent in timestamp order to ensure data integrity. Relay construction module: Utilizing Bluetooth mesh technology, adjacent ID badges establish communication relay links. A relay node selection algorithm based on signal strength, remaining battery life, and computing resources is designed to select the optimal ID badge as a relay. When the channel is congested, collected data is relayed to the base station via other ID badges. Cloud Optimization Module: Builds a global network status monitoring platform in the cloud, predicts the probability of channel congestion risk through risk prediction models, optimizes spectrum sensing algorithms, switches channels in advance, adopts flow control transmission protocols, transmits the same data packet through multiple transmittable paths simultaneously, and performs intelligent reassembly at the receiving end to optimize the reliability of transmittable paths.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the specific process of detecting channel congestion by the intelligent scheduling algorithm is as follows: The ratio of received power to noise power is used in combination with the congestion threshold to determine channel congestion; Received power and noise power The ratio of: , where the unit of SNR is dB, is the received power, is the noise power; the calculated SNR, i.e., the channel-to-noise ratio, is compared and analyzed with the congestion threshold; When the channel-to-noise ratio (SNR) is less than the congestion threshold, the channel is considered congested. When the channel-to-noise ratio (SNR) is greater than or equal to the congestion threshold, the channel is considered uncongested.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the specific process of using the spectrum sensing algorithm to monitor the surrounding available frequency bands in real time, avoid channel congestion, and select a low-interference, high-bandwidth communication frequency band is as follows: Utilize spectrum sensing algorithms to monitor available frequency bands in real time, avoid channel congestion, and select low-interference, high-bandwidth communication bands. The ratio of occupied bandwidth to total bandwidth is used to monitor channel bandwidth utilization. and total bandwidth The ratio of: ,in, The bandwidth occupied by the current channel is is the total channel bandwidth, U is the bandwidth utilization calculated in real time; If the bandwidth utilization U is greater than or equal to 75%, the frequency band is determined to be unavailable, triggering the frequency band switching strategy to select a low-interference, high-bandwidth communication band as the new communication band.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the specific process of encrypting and storing the collected data in the local flash memory is as follows: An edge computing unit is embedded in the ID card terminal. The edge computing unit collects the channel noise ratio and bandwidth utilization U. When the collected channel noise ratio (SNR) is less than the congestion threshold and the bandwidth utilization U is greater than or equal to 75%, the channel is determined to be congested. The collected data is encrypted and stored in the local flash memory. The data is encrypted using the AES-128 algorithm. The encryption function is: , where P is plaintext data, K is the dynamically generated key, C is ciphertext, and AES is the AES-128 algorithm; Write the encrypted data into the local flash memory circular buffer in the order of timestamp. The buffer size is , using FIFO mechanism to manage storage space.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the specific process of re-issuing cached data in timestamp order is as follows: When the collected channel-to-noise ratio (SNR) is greater than or equal to the congestion threshold and the bandwidth utilization (U) is less than 75%, the retransmission process is triggered and a queue of data to be retransmitted is generated based on the timestamp. Sort cached data in ascending order by timestamp t to avoid time sequence confusion, split the data into KB slices, and attach sequence number i and timestamp to each KB slice , the formula is: ,in, is the encrypted data, i is the KB fragment additional serial number, The KB fragment timestamp; After receiving the fragment, the cloud returns an ACK packet. If the ID card does not receive the ACK packet within 300ms, the fragment will be retransmitted up to 3 times.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention: the specific process of ensuring data integrity is as follows: The cloud constructs a Merkle tree for all received KB fragments. The calculation formula is: ,in, Indicates character concatenation, Indicates the use of a secure hash algorithm to ensure the uniqueness and collision resistance of the hash value. The j-th KB shard data received is generated by concatenating the hash values of two adjacent child nodes and then hashing them, building up layer by layer to eventually form a root node; Compare the root node with the root hash sent by the ID card end. If they match, the data is complete. If not, resend all KB fragments to ensure the integrity of the collected data.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention: the specific process of establishing the communication relay link is: After the work badge is started, it sends a discovery packet via Bluetooth broadcast. The discovery packet contains: device ID, supported Mesh protocol version. After the adjacent work badge receives it, it establishes a neighbor table NeighborTable and records the list of reachable nodes.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention: When the channel is congested, the specific process of transmitting data to the base station through other work cards is as follows: When the channel is congested, the collected data is split and transmitted in KB slices according to the following formula: ,After the relay node receives the KB fragment, it forwards it to the next hop according to the routing table, until it reaches the base station.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention: the relay node election algorithm based on signal strength, remaining power, and computing resources is designed, and the specific process of selecting the best ID card as the relay is as follows: Every time 10 data packets are transmitted, the source ID card calculates the packet loss rate of the relay link and delay ,in, The unit is ms; If the packet loss rate is greater than or equal to 10% or the delay time is greater than or equal to 500ms, the relay node re-election mechanism is triggered until the best work card is selected as the new relay node.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the specific process of switching channels in advance is as follows: According to the predicted congestion probability P, the energy detection threshold of the spectrum sensing algorithm is dynamically adjusted. The original energy detection threshold is set to , the adjusted threshold is: , where k is the adjustment coefficient and its value is 0.5; the higher the congestion probability P, the lower the threshold, and the available frequency band is detected in advance, so that the channel can be switched in advance.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a digital management and analysis method based on intelligent electronic work badges, comprising: S1: Multiple communication modules are integrated into the electronic ID card. Intelligent scheduling algorithms are used to detect channel congestion. Spectrum sensing algorithms are used to monitor available frequency bands in real time, avoiding channel congestion and selecting low-interference, high-bandwidth communication bands. S2: An edge computing unit is embedded in the ID card terminal. When the channel is congested, the collected data is encrypted and stored in local flash memory. A breakpoint-resume transmission protocol is developed. When the channel is uncongested, the cached data is resent in timestamp order to ensure data integrity. S3: Utilizing Bluetooth mesh technology, adjacent badges establish communication relay links. A relay node selection algorithm based on signal strength, remaining battery life, and computing resources is designed to select the optimal badge as a relay. When the channel is congested, collected data is relayed to the base station via other badges. S4: Build a global network status monitoring platform in the cloud, predict the probability of channel congestion risk through risk prediction models, optimize spectrum sensing algorithms, switch channels in advance, adopt flow control transmission protocols, transmit the same data packet through multiple transmittable paths simultaneously, and perform intelligent reorganization at the receiving end to optimize the reliability of transmittable paths.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Communication stability is significantly improved. The system integrates 4G / 5G, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and other modules. Combined with SNR and bandwidth utilization detection, it dynamically selects low-interference frequency bands to avoid channel congestion and reduce signal interruption rates in complex environments. The cloud uses an LSTM model to predict the congestion probability P, lower the energy detection threshold, and discover available frequency bands in advance, enabling predictive adjustments to communication strategies. When the channel is congested, data is encrypted and stored in local Flash using AES-128. After the channel is restored, data is resent in timestamp order. Combined with the MQTT-SN protocol's ACK retransmission and Merkle tree checksum, data loss rate control is optimized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a system module diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0025] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, a digital management and analysis system based on intelligent electronic work badges according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: Multi-mode communication module: Multiple communication modules are integrated into the electronic ID card. Intelligent scheduling algorithms are used to detect channel congestion. Spectrum sensing algorithms are used to monitor surrounding available frequency bands in real time, avoiding channel congestion and selecting low-interference, high-bandwidth communication bands. Specifically, multiple communication modules are integrated into the electronic badge, including: 4G / 5G module, Wi-Fi module, and Bluetooth module; The intelligent scheduling algorithm collects the channel status of each module in real time, including SNR, bandwidth, and interference; The specific process of detecting channel congestion through the intelligent scheduling algorithm is as follows: The ratio of received power to noise power is used in combination with the congestion threshold to determine channel congestion; Specifically, the received power and noise power The ratio of: , where the unit of SNR is dB, is the received power, is the noise power; the calculated SNR, i.e., the channel-to-noise ratio, is compared and analyzed with the congestion threshold; When the channel-to-noise ratio (SNR) is less than the congestion threshold, the channel is considered congested. When the channel-to-noise ratio (SNR) is greater than or equal to the congestion threshold, the channel is determined to be uncongested. It should be noted that, in the present invention, the congestion threshold is set to 12dB; The specific process of using the spectrum sensing algorithm to monitor the surrounding available frequency bands in real time, avoid channel congestion, and select a low-interference, high-bandwidth communication frequency band is as follows: Utilize spectrum sensing algorithms to monitor available frequency bands in the surrounding area in real time, avoid channel congestion, and select low-interference, high-bandwidth communication bands; The ratio of occupied bandwidth to total bandwidth is used to monitor channel bandwidth utilization. and total bandwidth The ratio of: ,in, The bandwidth occupied by the current channel is is the total channel bandwidth, U is the bandwidth utilization calculated in real time; If the bandwidth utilization rate U is greater than or equal to 75%, the frequency band is determined to be unavailable, triggering the frequency band switching strategy to select a low-interference, high-bandwidth communication band as the new communication band; Edge caching module: An edge computing unit is embedded in the ID card terminal. When the channel is congested, the collected data is encrypted and stored in local flash memory. A breakpoint-resume transmission protocol is developed. When the channel is uncongested, the cached data is resent in timestamp order to ensure data integrity. The specific process of encrypting and storing the collected data in the local flash memory is as follows: An edge computing unit is embedded in the ID card terminal. This unit collects the channel-to-noise ratio (SNR) and bandwidth utilization (U). When the collected SNR is less than the congestion threshold and the bandwidth utilization (U) is greater than or equal to 75%, the channel is considered congested and the local caching mechanism is triggered. The local cache mechanism is specifically as follows: The collected data is encrypted and stored in the local flash memory. The data is encrypted using the AES-128 algorithm. The encryption function is: , where P is plaintext data, K is the dynamically generated key, C is ciphertext, and AES is the AES-128 algorithm; Write the encrypted data into the local flash memory circular buffer in the order of timestamp. The buffer size is , using FIFO mechanism to manage storage space; The specific process of reissuing cached data in timestamp order is as follows: When the collected channel-to-noise ratio (SNR) is greater than or equal to the congestion threshold and the bandwidth utilization (U) is less than 75%, the retransmission process is triggered and a queue of data to be retransmitted is generated based on the timestamp. Sort cached data in ascending order by timestamp t to avoid time sequence confusion, split the data into KB slices, and attach sequence number i and timestamp to each KB slice , the formula is: ,in, is the encrypted data, i is the KB fragment additional serial number, The KB fragment timestamp; The cloud returns an ACK packet after receiving the shard; If the ID card does not receive an ACK packet within 300ms, the fragment will be retransmitted up to 3 times; The specific process of ensuring data integrity is as follows: The cloud constructs a Merkle tree for all received KB fragments. The calculation formula is: ,in, Indicates character concatenation, Indicates the use of a secure hash algorithm to ensure the uniqueness and collision resistance of the hash value. The jth KB fragment data received; In the present invention, the secure hash algorithm is SHA-256; The hash values of two adjacent child nodes are concatenated and then hashed together, building up layer by layer to eventually form the root node. Compare the root node with the root hash sent by the ID card; If they match, the data is complete and has not been tampered with; If there is a mismatch, it means that the fragment is lost, damaged, or tampered with, triggering a full retransmission and resending all KB fragments to ensure the integrity of the collected data; Relay construction module: Utilizing Bluetooth mesh technology, adjacent ID badges establish communication relay links. A relay node selection algorithm based on signal strength, remaining battery life, and computing resources is designed to select the optimal ID badge as a relay. When the channel is congested, collected data is relayed to the base station via other ID badges. The specific process of establishing the communication relay link is: After the badge is started, it sends a discovery packet via Bluetooth broadcast. The discovery packet contains: device ID and supported Mesh protocol version. After receiving it, the neighboring badges establish a neighbor table NeighborTable to record the list of reachable nodes; Establish a secure connection based on the Bluetooth Mesh GATT General Attribute Profile, using AES-128 encrypted session keys to ensure relay link security; Each badge periodically sends status query packets to neighboring nodes to obtain badge status information. Badge status information includes: signal strength, remaining battery power, and computing resources. Eliminate nodes with power consumption below 20% or computing resource utilization above 80% to generate a valid candidate set. , where k represents the node number; Normalize the signal strength, remaining power, and computing resources. The specific formula is as follows: Normalize the signal strength: ,in, It is expressed as the minimum value of all the badge signal strength values, the minimum value is -95dBm. If the signal strength value is less than the minimum value, it is regarded as an interference signal and the interference signal is removed. It is expressed as the maximum value of all the badge signal strength values, the maximum value is -30dBm. If the signal strength value is greater than the maximum value, it is regarded as an interference signal and the interference signal is removed. is the signal strength value of the i-th work badge, is the normalized signal strength value of the i-th ID card; Normalize the remaining power: ,in, is the remaining battery power of the i-th badge, is the remaining battery power of the i-th badge after normalization; Standardize computing resources: ,in, Indicates the computing resource usage of the i-th work badge, Calculate resource usage for the i-th work badge after normalization; Construct a comprehensive scoring function: ,in , The value of is 0.4, The value of is 0.3, The value of is 0.3; Calculate all comprehensive scores and select the node with the highest comprehensive score as the relay node; The relay link is established, and the source ID sends a relay request packet to the selected relay node. The relay request packet contains: the target base station ID; After the relay node replies with confirmation, an end-to-end relay path is established; When the channel is congested, the specific process of data being relayed to the base station through other work badges is as follows: When the channel is congested, the collected data is split and transmitted in KB slices according to the following formula: ,After receiving the KB fragment, the relay node forwards it to the next hop according to the routing table, until it reaches the base station; The design is based on the relay node election algorithm of signal strength, remaining power, and computing resources. The specific process of selecting the best ID card as the relay is as follows: Every time 10 data packets are transmitted, the source ID card calculates the packet loss rate of the relay link and delay ,in, The unit is ms; If the packet loss rate is greater than or equal to 10% or the delay time is greater than or equal to 500ms, the relay node re-election mechanism is triggered and a new relay node is re-selected according to the above process to prevent relay node failure; Cloud Optimization Module: Builds a global network status monitoring platform in the cloud. It uses risk prediction models to predict the probability of channel congestion risks, optimizes spectrum sensing algorithms, switches channels in advance, and uses a flow control transmission protocol to simultaneously transmit the same data packet over multiple transmittable paths. Intelligent reassembly is performed at the receiving end to optimize transmittable path reliability. A global network status monitoring platform is built in the cloud to collect real-time communication status data from each work badge. This data includes: channel noise ratio (SNR), bandwidth utilization (U), relay link packet loss rate (PRR), transmission delay (Delay), and historical channel congestion records. The historical channel congestion records include: the timestamp of the congestion, the congested frequency band, and the duration of the congestion. Standardize the collected communication status data to eliminate the dimension effect; The standardized communication status data is divided into a training set and a validation set, and the LSTM long short-term memory network algorithm is used for model training to obtain a risk prediction model; Adopt LSTM long short-term memory network algorithm and input historical communication status data sequence , the output is the congestion probability P in the future T time; The specific process of switching channels in advance is as follows: According to the predicted congestion probability P, the energy detection threshold of the spectrum sensing algorithm is dynamically adjusted. The original energy detection threshold is set to , the adjusted threshold is: , where k is the adjustment coefficient, which is set to 0.5; the higher the congestion probability P, the lower the threshold, and the available frequency band is detected in advance, so that the channel can be switched in advance; It should be noted that the original energy detection threshold is It is determined based on historical noise power spectral density statistics; Energy detection is the core algorithm of spectrum sensing. It compares the received signal energy E with the detection threshold. Determine channel status; If the signal energy E is greater than the detection threshold , it means that the channel is occupied, then the channel is an available channel; If the signal energy E is less than or equal to the detection threshold , it means that the channel is not occupied, then the channel is an unavailable channel; According to the predicted congestion probability P, when the congestion probability P is higher, The smaller the value of The lower the energy detection threshold ; Energy detection threshold After the reduction, the energy detection algorithm will be more sensitive to identify the signal energy E is less than or equal to the detection threshold Even weak signals can be identified as available channels in the frequency bands, so the system can switch to these frequency bands in advance to avoid upcoming channel congestion. For available transmission paths, calculate the comprehensive score: , The value of is 0.4, The value of is 0.3, The value of is 0.3, is the mth transmittable path, The higher the value, the stronger the path reliability. and are signal quality values. Used for node election, Used for path scoring; Prioritize transmission paths with high SNR, low latency, and low packet loss rate; The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: multiple communication modules are integrated into the electronic work badge, channel congestion is detected through an intelligent scheduling algorithm, and the spectrum sensing algorithm is used to monitor the surrounding available frequency bands in real time to avoid channel congestion and select a low-interference, high-bandwidth communication frequency band; An edge computing unit is embedded in the ID card terminal. When the channel is congested, the collected data is encrypted and stored in local flash memory. A breakpoint-resume transmission protocol is developed. When the channel is uncongested, the cached data is resent in timestamp order to ensure data integrity. Using Bluetooth mesh technology, adjacent ID badges establish communication relay links. A relay node selection algorithm based on signal strength, remaining battery life, and computing resources is designed to select the optimal ID badge as a relay. When the channel is congested, the collected data is relayed to the base station through other ID badges. Build a global network status monitoring platform in the cloud, predict the probability of channel congestion risk through risk prediction models, optimize spectrum sensing algorithms, switch channels in advance, adopt flow control transmission protocols, transmit the same data packet through multiple transmittable paths at the same time, perform intelligent reorganization at the receiving end, and optimize the reliability of transmittable paths.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, based on Example 1, the present invention provides a digital management and analysis method based on intelligent electronic work badges, including: S1: Multiple communication modules are integrated into the electronic ID card. Intelligent scheduling algorithms are used to detect channel congestion. Spectrum sensing algorithms are used to monitor available frequency bands in real time, avoiding channel congestion and selecting low-interference, high-bandwidth communication bands. Integrate multiple communication modules into the electronic badge, including: 4G / 5G module, Wi-Fi module, and Bluetooth module; The intelligent scheduling algorithm collects the channel status of each module in real time, including SNR, bandwidth, and interference; The ratio of received power to noise power is used in combination with the congestion threshold to determine channel congestion; When the channel-to-noise ratio (SNR) is less than the congestion threshold, the channel is considered congested. When the channel-to-noise ratio (SNR) is greater than or equal to the congestion threshold, the channel is determined to be uncongested. Utilize spectrum sensing algorithms to monitor available frequency bands in real time, avoid channel congestion, and select low-interference, high-bandwidth communication bands. If the bandwidth utilization rate U is greater than or equal to 75%, the frequency band is determined to be unavailable, triggering the frequency band switching strategy to select a low-interference, high-bandwidth communication band as the new communication band; S2: An edge computing unit is embedded in the ID card terminal. When the channel is congested, the collected data is encrypted and stored in local flash memory. A breakpoint-resume transmission protocol is developed. When the channel is uncongested, the cached data is resent in timestamp order to ensure data integrity. An edge computing unit is embedded in the ID card terminal. This unit collects the channel-to-noise ratio (SNR) and bandwidth utilization (U). When the collected SNR is less than the congestion threshold and the bandwidth utilization (U) is greater than or equal to 75%, the channel is considered congested and the local caching mechanism is triggered. The collected data is encrypted and stored in the local flash memory. The data is encrypted using the AES-128 algorithm. The encryption function is: , where P is plaintext data, K is the dynamically generated key, C is ciphertext, and AES is the AES-128 algorithm; Write the encrypted data into the local flash memory circular buffer in the order of timestamp. The buffer size is , using FIFO mechanism to manage storage space; When the collected channel-to-noise ratio (SNR) is greater than or equal to the congestion threshold and the bandwidth utilization (U) is less than 75%, the retransmission process is triggered and a queue of data to be retransmitted is generated based on the timestamp. Sort cached data in ascending order by timestamp t to avoid time sequence confusion, split the data into KB slices, and attach sequence number i and timestamp to each KB slice , the formula is: ,in, is the encrypted data, i is the KB fragment additional serial number, The KB fragment timestamp; The cloud returns an ACK packet after receiving the shard; If the ID card does not receive an ACK packet within 300ms, the fragment will be retransmitted up to 3 times; The cloud constructs a Merkle tree for all received KB fragments. The calculation formula is: ,in, Indicates character concatenation, Indicates the use of a secure hash algorithm to ensure the uniqueness and collision resistance of the hash value. The jth KB fragment data received; The hash values of two adjacent child nodes are concatenated and then hashed together, building up layer by layer to eventually form the root node. Compare the root node with the root hash sent by the ID card; If they match, the data is complete and has not been tampered with; If there is a mismatch, it means that the fragment is lost, damaged, or tampered with, triggering a full retransmission and resending all KB fragments to ensure the integrity of the collected data; S3: Utilizing Bluetooth mesh technology, adjacent badges establish communication relay links. A relay node selection algorithm based on signal strength, remaining battery life, and computing resources is designed to select the optimal badge as a relay. When the channel is congested, collected data is relayed to the base station via other badges. After the badge is started, it sends a discovery packet via Bluetooth broadcast. The discovery packet contains: device ID and supported Mesh protocol version. After receiving it, the neighboring badges establish a neighbor table NeighborTable to record the list of reachable nodes; Establish a secure connection based on the Bluetooth Mesh GATT General Attribute Profile, using AES-128 encrypted session keys to ensure relay link security; Each badge periodically sends status query packets to neighboring nodes to obtain badge status information. Badge status information includes: signal strength, remaining battery power, and computing resources. Normalize signal strength, remaining power, and computing resources to construct a comprehensive scoring function; Calculate all comprehensive scores and select the node with the highest comprehensive score as the relay node; The relay link is established, and the source ID sends a relay request packet to the selected relay node. The relay request packet contains: the target base station ID; After the relay node replies with confirmation, an end-to-end relay path is established; When the channel is congested, the collected data is split and transmitted in KB slices according to the following formula: ,After receiving the KB fragment, the relay node forwards it to the next hop according to the routing table, until it reaches the base station; Every time 10 data packets are transmitted, the source ID card calculates the packet loss rate of the relay link and delay ,in, The unit is ms; If the packet loss rate is greater than or equal to 10% or the delay time is greater than or equal to 500ms, the relay node re-election mechanism is triggered and a new relay node is re-selected according to the above process to prevent relay node failure; S4: Build a global network status monitoring platform in the cloud. Use risk prediction models to predict channel congestion risk probability, optimize spectrum sensing algorithms, switch channels in advance, and employ flow control transmission protocols to simultaneously transmit the same data packet over multiple transmittable paths. Intelligent reassembly is performed at the receiving end to optimize transmittable path reliability. A global network status monitoring platform is built in the cloud to collect real-time communication status data from each work badge. This data includes: channel noise ratio (SNR), bandwidth utilization (U), relay link packet loss rate (PRR), transmission delay (Delay), and historical channel congestion records. The historical channel congestion records include: the timestamp of the congestion, the congested frequency band, and the duration of the congestion. Standardize the collected communication status data to eliminate the dimension effect; The standardized communication status data is divided into a training set and a validation set, and the LSTM long short-term memory network algorithm is used for model training to obtain a risk prediction model; Adopt LSTM long short-term memory network algorithm and input historical communication status data sequence , the output is the congestion probability P in the future T time; The specific process of switching channels in advance is as follows: According to the predicted congestion probability P, the energy detection threshold of the spectrum sensing algorithm is dynamically adjusted. The original energy detection threshold is set to , the adjusted threshold is: , where k is the adjustment coefficient, which is set to 0.5; the higher the congestion probability P, the lower the threshold, and the available frequency band is detected in advance, so that the channel can be switched in advance; It should be noted that the original energy detection threshold is It is determined based on historical noise power spectral density statistics; Energy detection is the core algorithm of spectrum sensing. It compares the received signal energy E with the detection threshold. Determine channel status; If the signal energy E is greater than the detection threshold , it means that the channel is occupied, then the channel is an available channel; If the signal energy E is less than or equal to the detection threshold , it means that the channel is not occupied, then the channel is an unavailable channel; According to the predicted congestion probability P, when the congestion probability P is higher, The smaller the value of The lower the energy detection threshold ; Energy detection threshold After the reduction, the energy detection algorithm will be more sensitive to identify the signal energy E is less than or equal to the detection threshold Even weak signals can be identified as available channels in the frequency bands, so the system can switch to these frequency bands in advance to avoid upcoming channel congestion. For available transmission paths, calculate the comprehensive score: , The value of is 0.4, The value of is 0.3, The value of is 0.3, is the mth transmittable path, The higher the value, the stronger the path reliability. and are signal quality values. Used for node election, Used for path scoring; Prioritize transmission paths with high SNR, low latency, and low packet loss rate; The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A digital management and analysis system based on intelligent electronic work badges, characterized by: include: Multi-mode communication module: Multiple communication modules are integrated into the electronic ID card. Intelligent scheduling algorithms are used to detect channel congestion. Spectrum sensing algorithms are used to monitor surrounding available frequency bands in real time, avoiding channel congestion and selecting low-interference, high-bandwidth communication bands. Edge caching module: An edge computing unit is embedded in the ID card terminal. When the channel is congested, the collected data is encrypted and stored in local flash memory. A breakpoint-resume transmission protocol is developed. When the channel is uncongested, the cached data is resent in timestamp order to ensure data integrity. Relay construction module: Utilizing Bluetooth mesh technology, adjacent ID badges establish communication relay links. A relay node selection algorithm based on signal strength, remaining battery life, and computing resources is designed to select the optimal ID badge as a relay. When the channel is congested, collected data is relayed to the base station via other ID badges. Cloud Optimization Module: Builds a global network status monitoring platform in the cloud, predicts the probability of channel congestion risk through risk prediction models, optimizes spectrum sensing algorithms, switches channels in advance, adopts flow control transmission protocols, transmits the same data packet through multiple transmittable paths simultaneously, and performs intelligent reassembly at the receiving end to optimize the reliability of transmittable paths.

2. The digital management and analysis system based on intelligent electronic work badges according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific process of detecting channel congestion through the intelligent scheduling algorithm is as follows: The ratio of received power to noise power is used in combination with the congestion threshold to determine channel congestion; Received power and noise power The ratio of: , where the unit of SNR is dB, is the received power, is the noise power; the calculated SNR, i.e., the channel-to-noise ratio, is compared and analyzed with the congestion threshold; When the channel-to-noise ratio (SNR) is less than the congestion threshold, the channel is considered congested. When the channel-to-noise ratio (SNR) is greater than or equal to the congestion threshold, the channel is considered uncongested.

3. The digital management and analysis system based on intelligent electronic work badges according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific process of using the spectrum sensing algorithm to monitor the surrounding available frequency bands in real time, avoid channel congestion, and select a low-interference, high-bandwidth communication frequency band is as follows: Utilize spectrum sensing algorithms to monitor available frequency bands in the surrounding area in real time, avoid channel congestion, and select low-interference, high-bandwidth communication bands; The ratio of occupied bandwidth to total bandwidth is used to monitor channel bandwidth utilization. and total bandwidth The ratio of: ,in, The bandwidth occupied by the current channel is is the total channel bandwidth, U is the bandwidth utilization calculated in real time; If the bandwidth utilization U is greater than or equal to 75%, the frequency band is determined to be unavailable, triggering the frequency band switching strategy to select a low-interference, high-bandwidth communication band as the new communication band.

4. The digital management and analysis system based on intelligent electronic work badges according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific process of encrypting and storing the collected data in the local flash memory is as follows: An edge computing unit is embedded in the ID card terminal. The edge computing unit collects the channel noise ratio and bandwidth utilization U. When the collected channel noise ratio (SNR) is less than the congestion threshold and the bandwidth utilization U is greater than or equal to 75%, the channel is determined to be congested. The collected data is encrypted and stored in the local flash memory. The data is encrypted using the AES-128 algorithm. The encryption function is: , where P is plaintext data, K is the dynamically generated key, C is ciphertext, and AES is the AES-128 algorithm; Write the encrypted data into the local flash memory circular buffer in the order of timestamp. The buffer size is , using FIFO mechanism to manage storage space.

5. The digital management and analysis system based on intelligent electronic work badges according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific process of reissuing cached data in timestamp order is as follows: When the collected channel-to-noise ratio (SNR) is greater than or equal to the congestion threshold and the bandwidth utilization (U) is less than 75%, the retransmission process is triggered and a queue of data to be retransmitted is generated based on the timestamp. Sort cached data in ascending order by timestamp t to avoid time sequence confusion, split the data into KB slices, and attach sequence number i and timestamp to each KB slice , the formula is: ,in, is the encrypted data, i is the KB fragment additional serial number, The KB fragment timestamp; After receiving the fragment, the cloud returns an ACK packet. If the ID card does not receive the ACK packet within 300ms, the fragment will be retransmitted up to 3 times.

6. The digital management and analysis system based on intelligent electronic work badges according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific process of ensuring data integrity is as follows: The cloud constructs a Merkle tree for all received KB fragments. The calculation formula is: ,in, Indicates character concatenation, Indicates the use of a secure hash algorithm to ensure the uniqueness and collision resistance of the hash value. The j-th KB shard data received is generated by concatenating the hash values of two adjacent child nodes and then hashing them, building up layer by layer to eventually form a root node; Compare the root node with the root hash sent by the ID card end. If they match, the data is complete. If not, resend all KB fragments to ensure the integrity of the collected data.

7. The digital management and analysis system based on intelligent electronic work badges according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific process of establishing the communication relay link is: After the work badge is started, it sends a discovery packet via Bluetooth broadcast. The discovery packet contains: device ID, supported Mesh protocol version. After the adjacent work badge receives it, it establishes a neighbor table NeighborTable and records the list of reachable nodes.

8. The digital management and analysis system based on intelligent electronic work badges according to claim 1 is characterized by: When the channel is congested, the specific process of data being relayed to the base station through other work badges is as follows: When the channel is congested, the collected data is split and transmitted in KB slices according to the following formula: ,After the relay node receives the KB fragment, it forwards it to the next hop according to the routing table, until it reaches the base station.

9. The digital management and analysis system based on intelligent electronic work badges according to claim 1 is characterized by: The design is based on the relay node election algorithm of signal strength, remaining power, and computing resources. The specific process of selecting the best ID card as the relay is as follows: Every time 10 data packets are transmitted, the source ID card calculates the packet loss rate of the relay link and delay ,in, The unit is ms; If the packet loss rate is greater than or equal to 10% or the delay time is greater than or equal to 500ms, the relay node re-election mechanism is triggered until the best work card is selected as the new relay node.

10. The digital management and analysis system based on intelligent electronic work badges according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific process of switching channels in advance is as follows: According to the predicted congestion probability P, the energy detection threshold of the spectrum sensing algorithm is dynamically adjusted. The original energy detection threshold is set to , the adjusted threshold is: , where k is the adjustment coefficient and its value is 0.5; the higher the congestion probability P, the lower the threshold, and the available frequency band is detected in advance, so that the channel can be switched in advance.

Images