Virtual cell switching method and device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a virtual cell switching method and device and electronic equipment, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a virtual cell continuous coverage wave beam moving along with a train based on a plurality of groups of IRSs deployed on a road; and switching the virtual cell based on the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell and a double-layer switching trigger mechanism. Through the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, seamless switching of high-speed rail communication is realized, so that the switching success rate of the virtual cell is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method, device and electronic device for switching a virtual cell. Background Art

[0002] As the high-speed rail moves at high speed, the virtual cell signal often becomes unstable, requiring constant switching of the virtual cell.

[0003] Current high-speed rail communications often utilize a traditional macro base station + micro base station coverage solution. In this solution, a macro base station coordinates multiple micro base stations to form virtual cells. A single virtual cell is a logical coverage unit formed by a macro base station centrally controlling multiple micro base stations. The two collaborate through a "separated control and user plane" architecture. The high mobility of high-speed rail scenarios necessitates frequent reorganization of virtual cells, resulting in frequent handovers.

[0004] Existing technologies rely on fixed base station layouts and static collaboration strategies, with multiple base stations jointly forming virtual cells. While this type of virtual cell reduces the number of virtual cell handoffs, the fixed locations of the base stations forming the virtual cells prevent the coverage of the collaboration area from adjusting in real time as the train moves, resulting in a low virtual cell handoff success rate. For example, when a train enters a tunnel, the base station's beam direction and power allocation cannot be dynamically optimized, leading to signal interruption or degradation, and thus a low virtual cell handoff success rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a virtual cell handover method, device, and electronic device to solve the problem of low virtual cell handover success rate in high-speed rail communication scenarios. The specific implementation scheme is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a virtual cell handover method, the method comprising:

[0007] Based on multiple sets of intelligent reflective surfaces (IRS) deployed on the road, a continuous coverage beam of a virtual cell is constructed that moves with the train.

[0008] The virtual cell is switched based on the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell and the dual-layer switching trigger mechanism.

[0009] Through the above-mentioned application embodiment, a virtual cell continuous coverage beam that moves with the train is constructed based on multiple groups of IRS deployed on roads (such as high-speed rail tracks). Through the virtual cell continuous coverage beam, a "physical channel corridor" with switching buffer capability can be constructed, thereby enhancing the coverage strength and uniformity of the virtual cell and improving the quality and stability of high-speed rail mobile signal coverage. Combined with a double-layer switching mechanism to switch the virtual cell, the double-layer switching mechanism is used as an "intelligent traffic light" in the "physical channel corridor", clarifying when to switch the virtual cell, realizing seamless switching of communications in the high-speed rail scenario, and improving the switching success rate of the virtual cell.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the method of constructing a continuous coverage beam of a virtual cell that moves with a train based on multiple sets of intelligent reflective surfaces (IRSs) deployed on a road includes:

[0011] Obtaining the real-time position and speed of the train;

[0012] Based on the multiple IRSs deployed on the road, generating a coordinated phase matrix of the IRS group according to the real-time position and the speed;

[0013] Based on the coordinated phase matrix, coordinated phase adjustment is performed to form a continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell that moves with the train.

[0014] Through the above-mentioned application embodiment, collaborative phase adjustment is performed based on the collaborative phase matrix of the IRS group generated by multiple groups of IRSs deployed on the road and the real-time position and speed of the train to form a continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell that moves with the train, thereby dynamically enhancing the signal coverage strength and quality of the virtual cell, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the beam coverage strength during the movement of the train, and further improving the switching success rate of the virtual cell in the high-speed rail scenario communication.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, before forming the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell moving with the train, the method further includes:

[0016] Determine the forecast period and redundancy buffer distance;

[0017] Based on the speed, the prediction period, and the redundant buffer distance, a coverage band length of a continuous coverage beam of a virtual cell is calculated.

[0018] Through the above application embodiments, the coverage length of the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell is calculated based on the speed of the train, the prediction period and the redundant buffer distance, so that the calculation of the coverage length of the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell is more accurate.

[0019] In a possible implementation manner, forming the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell that moves with the train includes:

[0020] Determining whether the train enters a coverage area of a virtual cell according to the real-time position;

[0021] If so, activate the IRS nodes within a first preset distance in front of the train to form a continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell that moves with the train.

[0022] Through the above-mentioned application embodiment, whether the train enters the coverage area of the virtual cell is determined based on the real-time position of the train. After the train enters the coverage area of the virtual cell, the IRS node within the first preset distance in front of the train is activated, so that the node can be activated in advance before the train reaches the node, so that the formed virtual cell continuous coverage beam can be uninterrupted. In this way, as the real-time position of the train continues to move, the IRS node within the first preset distance in front of the train is continuously activated in advance, thereby forming a seamless extension and follow-up forward movement of the virtual cell continuous coverage beam, so as to achieve seamless switching of high-speed rail communications.

[0023] In a possible implementation manner, after obtaining the real-time position of the train, the method further includes:

[0024] According to the real-time position, an IRS node to be dormant within a second preset distance that the train has passed is determined, and the IRS node to be dormant is put into dormancy.

[0025] Through the above application embodiment, after determining that the train has passed the IRS node to be dormant within the second preset distance based on the real-time position of the train, the IRS node to be dormant can be dormant, thereby avoiding signal blind spots and saving resources.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the dual-layer handover trigger mechanism includes a physical layer trigger mechanism and a network layer trigger mechanism, and the physical layer trigger mechanism is specifically:

[0027] When the combined signal strength of the IRS signals in the virtual cell is lower than a first handover threshold and / or the signal quality of the IRS signals in the virtual cell is lower than a second handover threshold, initiating handover;

[0028] The network layer trigger mechanism is specifically as follows:

[0029] Based on the real-time data of the current virtual cell and the adjacent virtual cells, the network load is predicted to obtain the network load prediction result;

[0030] If it is determined that the network load prediction result indicates that the current virtual cell will have a high congestion risk and the adjacent virtual cell will have a low congestion risk, then increase the handover threshold; wherein the handover threshold includes the first handover threshold and / or the second handover threshold;

[0031] If it is determined that the network load prediction result indicates that the current virtual cell will not have congestion risk, the switching threshold is maintained.

[0032] Through the above-mentioned application embodiments, a network layer trigger mechanism that adjusts the switching threshold based on the predicted network load prediction result, and a physical layer trigger mechanism that determines whether to start the switching based on the comparison of the joint signal strength of the IRS signal with the first switching threshold and the comparison of the signal quality of the IRS signal with the second switching threshold, constitute a dual-layer switching trigger mechanism, so that the dual-layer switching trigger mechanism takes into account both the physical layer and the network layer, which helps to improve the switching success rate of the virtual cell.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a virtual cell switching device, the device comprising:

[0034] A construction module is used to build a continuous coverage beam of a virtual cell that moves with the train based on multiple sets of intelligent reflective surfaces (IRS) deployed on the road;

[0035] The processing module is used to switch the virtual cell based on the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell and the dual-layer switching trigger mechanism.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the construction module is specifically used to obtain the real-time position and speed of the train; based on the multiple groups of IRSs deployed on the road, a coordinated phase matrix of the IRS group is generated according to the real-time position and the speed; based on the coordinated phase matrix, a coordinated phase adjustment is performed to form a continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell that moves with the train.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the construction module is further configured to determine a prediction period and a redundant buffer distance; and calculate a coverage band length of a continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell based on the speed, the prediction period, and the redundant buffer distance.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the construction module is further used to determine whether the train enters the coverage of the virtual cell based on the real-time position; if so, activate the IRS node within a first preset distance in front of the train to form a continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell that moves with the train.

[0039] In a possible implementation, the construction module is further configured to determine, based on the real-time position, an IRS node to be dormant within a second preset distance that the train has passed, and to put the IRS node to be dormant into hibernation.

[0040] In a possible implementation, the dual-layer handover trigger mechanism includes a physical layer trigger mechanism and a network layer trigger mechanism, and the physical layer trigger mechanism is specifically:

[0041] When the combined signal strength of the IRS signals in the virtual cell is lower than a first handover threshold and / or the signal quality of the IRS signals in the virtual cell is lower than a second handover threshold, initiating handover;

[0042] The network layer trigger mechanism is specifically as follows:

[0043] Based on the real-time data of the current virtual cell and the adjacent virtual cell, the network load is predicted to obtain a network load prediction result; if it is determined that the network load prediction result indicates that the current virtual cell will have a high congestion risk and the adjacent virtual cell will have a low congestion risk, the switching threshold is increased; wherein the switching threshold includes the first switching threshold and / or the second switching threshold; if it is determined that the network load prediction result indicates that the current virtual cell will have no congestion risk, the switching threshold is maintained.

[0044] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0045] Memory for storing computer programs;

[0046] The processor is configured to implement the above-mentioned steps of the switching method for a virtual cell when executing the computer program stored in the memory.

[0047] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned method for switching a virtual cell are implemented.

[0048] For each of the above-mentioned aspects from the second to the fourth aspects and the technical effects that may be achieved by each of the aspects, please refer to the above-mentioned description of the technical effects that can be achieved by the first aspect or various possible solutions in the first aspect, and no further details will be given here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 A flowchart of a virtual cell switching method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a processing process of a virtual cell switching method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a virtual cell switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific operating methods in the method embodiments can also be applied to device embodiments or system embodiments. It should be noted that in the description of the present application, "multiple" is understood as "at least two". "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. A is connected to B, which can represent the following two situations: A is directly connected to B and A is connected to B through C. In addition, in the description of the present application, words such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying order.

[0054] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] In high-speed rail scenarios, the high speed of trains limits the signal strength of virtual cells and the insufficient handover window, resulting in a high handover failure rate for virtual cells. Furthermore, in tunnel scenarios, the base station's beam direction and power allocation cannot be dynamically optimized, leading to signal interruption or degradation, which in turn results in a high handover failure rate for virtual cells.

[0056] Since intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) integrate a large number of low-cost passive reflective elements on a plane, they can achieve precise reflection and scattering of electromagnetic waves by adjusting the phase and amplitude of antenna elements, thereby optimizing signal transmission.

[0057] Therefore, the present application proposes a switching method for virtual cells, which constructs a continuous coverage beam of a virtual cell that moves with the train through multiple groups of IRSs deployed on roads (such as high-speed rail tracks). Based on the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell, a "physical channel corridor" with switching buffer capability can be constructed, and a dynamic virtual cell extending along the rails can be constructed. Combined with a double-layer switching trigger mechanism, an "intelligent traffic light" is provided in the "physical channel corridor", which provides accurate switching timing for the switching of virtual cells, thereby realizing seamless switching in high-speed rail ultra-high-speed scenarios.

[0058] For example, when a train enters a specific area, IRS parameters can be adjusted to focus the base station signal on the train's path, forming a "follow-up beam." This creates a continuous coverage beam of virtual cells, precisely matching the coverage area to the train's trajectory. Furthermore, this adjustment is completed in nanoseconds without the need for complex signaling interactions, effectively addressing the high-speed dynamics of high-speed rail and enabling seamless switching in ultra-high-speed scenarios.

[0059] The virtual cell switching method proposed in the embodiment of the present application is particularly suitable for high-speed rail ultra-high-speed scenarios with a speed greater than or equal to 300 km / h. A dynamic virtual cell extending along the railway track can be constructed through IRS, and combined with a double-layer switching trigger mechanism to achieve seamless switching in high-speed rail ultra-high-speed scenarios, but it is not limited to this scenario.

[0060] Reference Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a virtual cell switching method provided in an embodiment of the present application, the method comprising:

[0061] S101: Based on multiple groups of IRSs deployed on the road, a virtual cell continuous coverage beam is constructed that moves with the train.

[0062] S102: Handover the virtual cell based on the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell and the dual-layer handover triggering mechanism.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned road can be a high-speed rail track, but is not limited to this.

[0064] The embodiment of the present application takes the high-speed rail track as an example to construct a virtual cell continuous coverage beam that moves with the train, and then switches the virtual cell based on the virtual cell continuous coverage beam and the double-layer switching trigger mechanism, thereby realizing seamless switching in the high-speed rail ultra-high-speed scenario.

[0065] Specifically, multiple IRSs are deployed along the high-speed rail tracks. These IRSs are then used to construct continuous coverage beams for virtual cells that move with the train. These IRSs can be distributed to improve IRS reliability, availability, and performance, while reducing the risk of single-point failures.

[0066] In a possible implementation, the deployment of multiple IRS groups may be as follows:

[0067] Along the high-speed rail track, a set of IRSs is deployed at intervals of a third preset distance. These IRSs can cover an area within a fourth preset distance on both sides of the high-speed rail track. Each IRS set can include N reflective units, where N is a positive integer. The third and fourth preset distances can be adjusted based on specific application scenarios.

[0068] For example, along the high-speed rail track, a group of IRS containing 64 (i.e., N is 64) reflection units is deployed on both sides of the high-speed rail track at intervals of 100m (i.e., the third preset distance is 100m), and each group of IRS covers the area within 50m (i.e., the fourth preset distance is 50m) on the corresponding side of the high-speed rail track, thereby forming a mirror-symmetrical structure to better provide full coverage of the high-speed rail track, thereby helping to improve the switching success rate of the virtual cell in this scenario.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present application, the IRS can also be deployed on a single side of the high-speed rail track, or alternatively deployed on both sides of the high-speed rail track. The specific deployment method of the IRS on a single side of the high-speed rail track, on both sides of the high-speed rail track, or alternatively deployed on both sides of the high-speed rail track can be adjusted according to the specific application scenario or terrain.

[0070] For example, for open straight tracks, a group of IRSs can be deployed at intervals of 100m along one side of the high-speed rail track. The reflection units contained in the IRS are facing the center line of the track, thereby forming a "single-sided emission-double-sided coverage" effect, so that the deployed IRS can fully cover the open straight track, so as to improve the switching success rate of the virtual cell in this scenario.

[0071] For complex terrain or complex curves, IRS deployment can be carried out by alternately deploying IRSs on both sides of the high-speed rail track, and the interval between each group of IRSs can be 100m, thus forming a "zigzag" coverage belt, so that the deployed IRS can fully cover the high-speed rail track with complex terrain or complex curves, so as to improve the switching success rate of the virtual cell in this scenario.

[0072] In addition, during the IRS deployment process, an IRS edge controller is deployed in each IRS group to facilitate IRS phase adjustment and IRS status data feedback through the IRS edge controller.

[0073] In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, a main control unit responsible for IRS collaborative control can also be deployed. The main control unit is connected to the IRS edge controller via an optical fiber, thereby realizing IRS collaborative control.

[0074] The above-mentioned main control unit can be deployed at a trackside base station.

[0075] In addition to being responsible for IRS coordinated control, the above-mentioned main control unit can also be responsible for network load prediction and switching decision-making.

[0076] The IRS collaborative control described above can be achieved by generating a coordinated phase matrix for each IRS group based on the train's real-time position and speed, based on multiple IRS groups deployed along the high-speed rail track (e.g., one IRS group with 64 reflectors is deployed every 100 meters along the track). This matrix is then used to perform coordinated phase adjustments, forming a continuous coverage beam for the virtual cell extending along the high-speed rail track. This dynamically enhances the signal coverage strength and quality of the virtual cell, facilitating stable beam coverage during train movement and improving the handover success rate for high-speed rail communication.

[0077] The above-mentioned coordinated phase adjustment can be performed in units of multiple IRS groups. For example, a trackside base station generates a coordinated phase matrix (i.e., an IRS reflection unit phase matrix) for each IRS group based on the train's real-time position and speed. Adjacent IRS groups use an increasing phase difference strategy (e.g., 30° / group) to form a continuous coverage beam of a virtual cell extending along the high-speed rail track.

[0078] In this embodiment of the present application, the coverage band length of the virtual cell continuous coverage beam can be within a range of a first length to a second length, and can be adaptively adjusted based on specific application scenarios. For example, the first length can be 100m and the second length can be 1000m, so that the coverage band length can be adaptively adjusted within a range of 100m-1000m.

[0079] The aforementioned coverage band length can be a core parameter in forming continuous coverage beams for virtual cells. Because the base station can determine the number of IRS groups to activate based on the coverage band length, the coverage band length can also be used to determine the IRS group activation range. For example, if the coverage band length is 600m and the IRS group spacing is 200m, three IRS groups need to be activated.

[0080] The coverage band length also determines the phase difference between adjacent IRS groups, ensuring a smooth transition between continuous coverage beams within the virtual cell's coverage band length. Furthermore, as the train moves forward, the base station uses the coverage band length to determine the sleep timing of the trailing IRS group and the pre-activation distance of the leading IRS group, allowing the trailing IRS group to sleep and the leading IRS group to activate in advance.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present application, the length of the cover tape can be calculated as follows:

[0082] First, the train's speed (e.g., its real-time speed), prediction period, and redundant buffer distance are determined. Based on this speed, prediction period, and redundant buffer distance, the coverage band length of the virtual cell's continuous coverage beam is calculated. This ensures that the calculated coverage length is more accurate and better meets the virtual cell's requirements. It also enables dynamic extension and real-time tracking of the coverage band, ensuring that the train remains within the coverage area within the prediction period.

[0083] The prediction period is the time window within which the base station predicts the future position of a train, used to determine the range of IRS groups to be activated. This prediction period can be dynamically issued by the core network based on historical traffic and train schedules. The default value of this prediction period is 5 seconds, but is not limited to this. It can be flexibly adjusted based on specific application scenarios.

[0084] For example, when a train is running at 350 km / h, the prediction period is 5 seconds. The predicted distance corresponding to this prediction period is 586 meters (i.e., 350,000 m / h (i.e., 350 km / h) × 5 seconds ÷ 3600 + 100 meters). Of these, 100 meters is the redundant buffer distance. This means that the base station needs to pre-activate the IRS groups within 586 meters ahead to ensure effective coverage when the train enters.

[0085] The above-mentioned redundant buffer distance is an additional safety distance added on the basis of the predicted coverage range (the predicted coverage range can be the value obtained by multiplying the train speed by the prediction period. For example, in the above example, when the train runs at 350km / h, the prediction period is 5 seconds. The predicted coverage range at this time is 350000m / h (i.e. 350km / h) × 5s ÷ 3600 = 486m). It is used to compensate for prediction errors, train acceleration and deceleration fluctuations, and signal propagation delays to ensure the continuity of the virtual cell coverage band beam. The default value of the redundant buffer distance can be 100m, but is not limited to this. The redundant buffer distance can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific application scenario.

[0086] In addition, the redundant buffer distance can also be used for the design of the handover overlap area. Specifically, the overlapping area of the continuous coverage band beams of adjacent virtual cells can include a redundant buffer distance of 20%-30% (such as 20-40m), thereby ensuring that the train can have uninterrupted signals when switching between virtual cells. For example, the overlapping distance between the end of the continuous coverage band beam of the current virtual cell and the beginning of the continuous coverage band beam of the next virtual cell is: 0.25×redundant buffer distance (such as 100m) = 25m, thereby ensuring the continuity between the continuous coverage band beam of the current virtual cell and the continuous coverage band beam of the next virtual cell, and avoiding signal interruption when switching between the current virtual cell and the next virtual cell.

[0087] Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, when forming continuous coverage beams for virtual cells, a redundant buffer distance can be designed between adjacent virtual cells, such as a designed redundant buffer distance of 30m, thereby forming an overlapping coverage band, thereby making the coverage beams between adjacent virtual cells more continuous. Furthermore, a coordinated phase adjustment mechanism can be used to achieve a superposition effect between the current IRS group and the adjacent IRS group in the overlapping area, which helps reduce signal fluctuations and facilitates seamless switching in high-speed rail ultra-high-speed scenarios.

[0088] Optionally, the specific process of calculating the coverage band length of the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell based on the speed, the prediction period, and the redundant buffer distance may be as follows:

[0089] Specifically, the product of the speed and the prediction period, plus the sum of the redundant buffer distance and the Doppler frequency offset supplementary distance, is used as the coverage band length of the virtual cell continuous coverage beam, making the calculation of the coverage band length more accurate. This process can be shown in the following formula:

[0090] L=V×T predict +L buffer +ΔL Doppler

[0091] Where L represents the coverage band length of the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell, in meters; V represents the train speed, in meters per second; T predict Indicates the prediction period, in seconds; L buffer Indicates the redundant buffer distance, in meters; ΔL Doppler Indicates the Doppler frequency offset supplementary range.

[0092] In an embodiment of the present application, the coverage band length of the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell is calculated by the speed, prediction period and redundant buffer distance. The coverage band length of the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell of the current virtual cell can be calculated based on the speed, prediction period and redundant buffer distance corresponding to the current virtual cell; the coverage band length of the continuous cell coverage beam of the adjacent virtual cell can also be calculated based on the speed, prediction period and redundant buffer distance corresponding to the adjacent virtual cell.

[0093] When the calculated coverage band length corresponds to the current virtual cell, the calculated coverage band length can be used to determine the effective coverage range of the current virtual cell to ensure that the train does not need to switch within this range. For example, when the train is located in the coverage band beams of IRS-1, IRS-2, and IRS-3 (e.g., the coverage band length is 600m), the phases of IRS-1, IRS-2, and IRS-3 can be adjusted to maintain continuous coverage of the coverage band beams.

[0094] When the calculated coverage band length corresponds to an adjacent virtual cell, the next virtual cell can be pre-activated using the calculated coverage band length. For example, the IRSs of the current virtual cell are IRS-1, IRS-2, and IRS-3, and the IRSs of the next adjacent virtual cell are IRS-4, IRS-5, and IRS-6. When the train approaches the edge of the coverage band beam of the current virtual cell, IRS-4, IRS-5, and IRS-6 are pre-activated, and seamless switching between the current virtual cell and the next adjacent virtual cell is achieved through phase smoothing transition.

[0095] To achieve the above-mentioned IRS collaborative control, it is also necessary to build an IRS collaborative control framework. The IRS collaborative control framework supports the systematic architecture of IRS collaborative control. IRS collaborative control is the specific functional embodiment of the linkage between the modules in the IRS collaborative control framework.

[0096] The above-mentioned IRS collaborative control framework includes a global planning layer (such as the core network cloud platform), a regional control layer (such as the trackside base station), and a local execution layer (such as the IRS edge controller).

[0097] At the global planning layer (e.g., the core network cloud platform), communication demand for each track area within the next M minutes can be predicted based on historical traffic data and train schedules. Based on this predicted demand, a global phase optimization strategy is generated and distributed to the regional control layer (e.g., trackside base stations). M is a positive number; for example, if M is 10, the communication demand for each track area within the next 10 minutes is predicted.

[0098] The above prediction of communication demand for each track area within the next M minutes based on historical traffic data and train timetables can be made using federated learning. That is, based on historical traffic data and train timetables, federated learning is used to predict communication demand for each track area within the next M minutes.

[0099] The above-mentioned communication needs may include users relying more on instant messaging tools for work communication, social interaction or information acquisition; may also include increased demand for video calls and online meetings; may also include increased demand for downloading and uploading large amounts of data; may also include users relying more on instant messaging tools for work communication, social interaction or information acquisition, increased demand for video calls and online meetings, increased demand for downloading and uploading large amounts of data, any one or more of the above, but are not limited to these, and can be determined based on specific prediction results.

[0100] The above-mentioned global phase optimization strategy may include an appropriate range of beam width and / or a specific method of gain distribution. For example, the global phase optimization strategy may include increasing signal strength, but is not limited to this. It can be flexibly set according to the application scenario to better meet the predicted communication needs. The global phase optimization strategy can be sent to the regional control layer (such as the trackside base station) in a periodic manner, or it can be sent to the regional control layer (such as the trackside base station) in a real-time demand manner, but is not limited to this. The sending method of the global phase optimization strategy can be adjusted according to the specific application scenario.

[0101] The regional control layer (e.g., a trackside base station) receives the global phase optimization strategy issued by the global planning layer (e.g., the core network cloud platform) along with the train's real-time position and speed information. The global phase optimization strategy and real-time position and speed information can be received simultaneously; the global phase optimization strategy can be received first, followed by the real-time position and speed information; or the real-time position and speed information can be received first, followed by the global phase optimization strategy. The order of receiving these strategies can be determined based on the specific application scenario.

[0102] The above-mentioned real-time position of the train can be obtained through global navigation satellite system (English: Global Navigation Satellite System, abbreviated as GNSS) positioning. The GNSS positioning can be obtained through the on-board terminal. In the on-board terminal, the GNSS receiver and the fifth-generation mobile communication technology (English: 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology, abbreviated as 5G) communication module can be integrated, so that the train position and speed can be reported in real time, and signal quality data and other information can also be reported. Furthermore, through the on-board terminal, accurate real-time position and speed information of the train can be obtained, so that the subsequent calculated collaborative phase matrix of the IRS group based on accurate real-time position and speed information of the train can be made more accurate.

[0103] Next, at the regional control layer (e.g., a trackside base station), the coordinated phase matrix for each IRS group is calculated based on the received global phase optimization strategy and the train's real-time position and speed information (i.e., train dynamics). Phase instructions are then generated based on the calculated IRS group coordinated phase matrix. The phase instructions specify the coordinated phase matrix for each IRS group. These phase instructions are then sent down to the IRS edge controller via the link.

[0104] The above calculation of the coordinated phase matrix of each IRS group based on the received global phase optimization strategy and the real-time position and speed information of the train can be performed using a general algorithm for the coordinated phase matrix, which will not be repeated here.

[0105] The link used to send the phase command to the IRS edge controller can be an optical fiber or a 5G air interface (5G New Radio in Unlicensed Spectrum, abbreviated as 5GNR-U) operating in an unlicensed frequency band, but is not limited to these. The required link can be selected based on the specific application scenario.

[0106] Furthermore, in the local execution layer (such as the IRS edge controller), the phase instruction issued by the regional control layer (such as the trackside base station) is received, and the coordinated phase matrix of the IRS group is determined based on the phase instruction. Then, the coordinated phase matrix of the IRS group is parsed into the control signals of the N reflection units in the corresponding group of IRS. For example, it is parsed into the control signals of 64 reflection units. Then, based on the control signal, the coordinated phase adjustment is performed to form a continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell extending along the road. At the same time, the execution status (such as reflection unit failure, phase error) can also be fed back to the regional control layer (such as the trackside base station) in real time.

[0107] Therefore, the IRS collaborative control framework built based on the above-mentioned global planning layer (such as the core network cloud platform), regional control layer (such as the trackside base station), and local execution layer (such as the IRS edge controller) can provide a complete link of "monitoring (regional control layer)-decision-making (global planning layer)-execution (local execution layer)", so that IRS collaborative control can realize the intelligent adjustment of IRS signals through this complete link, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the high-speed rail coverage quality.

[0108] Furthermore, after multiple groups of IRSs are deployed on the high-speed rail track, a continuous coverage beam of a virtual cell that moves with the train is constructed based on the multiple groups of IRSs.

[0109] Specifically, based on multiple groups of IRSs deployed on the road, a coordinated phase matrix of the IRS group is generated according to the real-time position and speed of the train. Then, based on the coordinated phase matrix, coordinated phase adjustment is performed to form a continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell extending along the road.

[0110] The coordinated phase adjustment based on the coordinated phase matrix may be performed by parsing the coordinated phase matrix into control signals of a corresponding group of N reflection units of the IRS, and then performing the coordinated phase adjustment according to the control signals.

[0111] In the embodiment of the present application, the specific process of forming the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell extending along the road may further include:

[0112] First, the real-time location of the train is obtained. Then, based on the real-time location, it is determined whether the train enters the coverage area of the virtual cell.

[0113] If the train's real-time location determines that it has entered the coverage area of a virtual cell, the IRS nodes within a first preset distance ahead of the train are activated, forming a continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell. This allows the IRS nodes within the first preset distance ahead of the train to be activated in advance. As the train's real-time location continues to move, the IRS nodes within the first preset distance ahead of the train are continuously activated in advance, forming a seamless extension and follow-up forward movement of the virtual cell continuous coverage beam, facilitating seamless handover of high-speed rail communications.

[0114] The above-mentioned first preset distance can be 1000m, 900m, or 1100m, and can be flexibly adjusted according to specific application scenarios.

[0115] The first preset distance may also be the aforementioned predicted distance, which can be determined based on the train speed and the prediction period.

[0116] The IRS reflection unit in the existing system cannot be set to dynamic sleep mode according to the real-time position of the train, and the hardware power consumption is high, which makes the static resource allocation problem significant.

[0117] Therefore, in order to avoid signal blind spots and resource waste, the virtual cell switching method provided in the embodiment of the present application can, after obtaining the real-time position of the train, also determine, based on the real-time position of the train, that the train has passed the IRS node to be dormant within a second preset distance, and then put the IRS node to be dormant into sleep mode, thereby reducing hardware power consumption and making resource allocation more reasonable.

[0118] The above-mentioned second preset distance can be 500m, 600m, or 400m, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific application scenario.

[0119] For example, according to the real-time position of the train, the IRS nodes within 500 m that the train has passed (ie, the IRS nodes to be dormant) are put into dormancy.

[0120] Furthermore, after the virtual cell continuous coverage beam is formed, the virtual cell is switched based on the virtual cell continuous coverage beam and combined with the double-layer switching trigger mechanism to achieve seamless switching of high-speed rail communication.

[0121] In an embodiment of the present application, the dual-layer handover trigger mechanism may include a physical layer trigger mechanism and a network layer trigger mechanism.

[0122] The physical layer trigger mechanism can be:

[0123] When the combined signal strength of the IRS signals in the virtual cell is lower than a first handover threshold and / or the signal quality of the IRS signals in the virtual cell is lower than a second handover threshold, the handover is initiated.

[0124] The above-mentioned joint signal strength may be an average reference signal received success rate (English: Reference Signal Received Power, abbreviated as RSRP) of all activated IRS groups in the virtual cell, but is not limited thereto.

[0125] When RSRP is ≥ -95 decibel-milliwatts (dBm), it indicates good signal strength, and when RSRP is < -95dBm, it indicates weak signal strength. Therefore, when the combined signal strength is RSRP, the first handover threshold can be adjusted to -95 decibel-milliwatts (dBm). When the combined signal strength is lower than the first handover threshold, it indicates that the signal strength of the virtual cell is weak. At this time, handover can be initiated to ensure communication continuity and stability, thereby improving communication quality, effectively reducing communication interruptions, and significantly improving user experience.

[0126] However, it should be noted that the first switching threshold mentioned above can be dynamically adjusted according to specific application scenarios.

[0127] The signal quality may be, but is not limited to, a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) of the IRS group signal. The SINR may reflect signal stability.

[0128] When SINR is ≥ 10 decibels (English: decibel, abbreviated as dB), it indicates good signal quality, and when SINR is < 10dB, it indicates poor signal quality. Therefore, when the signal quality is RSRP, the second handover threshold can be adjusted to 10dB. When the signal quality is lower than the second handover threshold, it indicates that the signal quality of the virtual cell is poor. At this time, handover can be initiated to ensure uninterrupted communication, significantly improve user experience, and optimize resource allocation. The above second handover threshold can be dynamically adjusted according to specific application scenarios.

[0129] In the embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned combined signal strength (such as RSRP) and signal quality (such as SINR) may be a mixed detection result of the current virtual cell and the adjacent virtual cells.

[0130] Illustratively, the IRSs of the current virtual cell are IRS-1, IRS-2, and IRS-3, and the IRSs of the next adjacent virtual cell are IRS-4, IRS-5, and IRS-6.

[0131] For the current virtual cell, the RSRP of the IRS group set being served by the train (i.e., IRS-1, IRS-2, and IRS-3) is ≥ -95dBm and the SINR is ≥ 10dB. If RSRP < -95dBm and / or SINR < 10dB, it is determined that the current signal is degraded, and a virtual cell handover is performed.

[0132] For adjacent virtual cells, it is necessary to ensure that the RSRP of the IRS group set that the train is about to enter (i.e., IRS-4, IRS-5, and IRS-6) is greater than or equal to the third handover threshold to ensure accurate handover readiness. This third handover threshold is usually 5dB lower than the current virtual cell. In other words, when the first handover threshold is -95dBm, the third handover threshold can be -100dBm, requiring the RSRP of the IRS group set that the train is about to enter to be ≥ -100dBm.

[0133] In addition, when the signal of the adjacent virtual cell is better than the signal of the current virtual cell, the switching of the virtual cell is triggered.

[0134] The network layer trigger mechanism can be:

[0135] Based on the real-time data of the current virtual cell and the adjacent virtual cells, the network load is predicted to obtain a network load prediction result.

[0136] If the network load prediction result indicates that the current virtual cell has a high congestion risk and the adjacent virtual cell has a low congestion risk, the handover threshold is increased, thereby forcing the train to connect to the adjacent virtual cell with a lower load in advance to avoid the congested area. The handover threshold includes the first handover threshold and / or the second handover threshold mentioned above.

[0137] If it is determined that the network load prediction result indicates that the current virtual cell will not have congestion risk, the original handover threshold is kept unchanged.

[0138] Therefore, before switching, it is also necessary to predict the network load based on the real-time data of the current virtual cell and the adjacent virtual cell to obtain the network load prediction result, and then determine whether the adjacent virtual cell will be congested based on the network load prediction result, so as to adjust the switching threshold accordingly to avoid congested areas and facilitate seamless switching of high-speed rail communications.

[0139] In the embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned real-time data may be data such as physical resource block (English: Physical Resource Block, abbreviated as PRB) utilization, number of users, service traffic, signaling load, etc.

[0140] The above-mentioned predicted network load can be a prediction of the network load within a period of time in the future (such as 5 seconds) (for example, a sudden increase in business volume, congestion risk of adjacent cells), and then the predicted network load is divided into levels such as no congestion risk, low congestion risk, and high congestion risk, so as to obtain a first network load prediction result indicating that the current virtual cell will have a high congestion risk and the adjacent virtual cell will have a low congestion risk, or obtain a second network load prediction result indicating that the current virtual cell will have no congestion risk.

[0141] The above-mentioned network load prediction can be performed using a commonly used network load prediction model in the communication field, such as a neural network model, which will not be described in detail here.

[0142] The adjacent virtual cell may be the most adjacent virtual cell, or may be a plurality of adjacent virtual cells. The specific number of adjacent virtual cells may be adjusted according to specific application scenarios.

[0143] In one possible implementation, if the network layer trigger mechanism determines that the current virtual cell has a congestion risk (such as low congestion risk / high congestion risk) and the adjacent virtual cell does not have a congestion risk (such as low congestion risk / high congestion risk), even if the signal determined in the physical layer trigger mechanism is good, cross-virtual cell switching is triggered to achieve preventive seamless switching.

[0144] The IRS in the existing system relies solely on the physical layer signal strength to trigger switching. That is, the IRS in the existing technology only switches through the physical layer trigger mechanism, which makes the switching method single and lacks consideration of the network status, which easily causes local congestion and waste of resources.

[0145] The physical layer trigger mechanism in the dual-layer handover trigger mechanism in the embodiment of the present application can ensure that the handover is based on real-time signal quality, and the network layer trigger mechanism can avoid invalid handovers caused by future network load anomalies. For example, if there is a high congestion risk in an adjacent virtual cell, even after switching to the adjacent virtual cell, it will still result in poor signal. Therefore, through the dual verification of the network layer trigger mechanism and the physical layer trigger mechanism, both the physical layer status and the network status are taken into account, making the handover of high-speed rail communication more accurate and avoiding local congestion and waste of resources.

[0146] In summary, the virtual cell switching method proposed in this application constructs a virtual cell continuous coverage beam that moves with the train through multiple groups of IRS deployed on the high-speed rail track. The virtual cell continuous coverage beam is formed through the spatial distribution and phase coordination of the IRS group to form a "physical channel corridor" with switching buffer capability, that is, the "beam corridor" of the track, so that a dynamic virtual cell extending along the rail can be constructed. Combined with a double-layer switching trigger mechanism with a physical layer trigger mechanism and a network layer trigger mechanism, the channel status is monitored in real time through the physical layer trigger mechanism, and the traffic demand is predicted through the network layer trigger mechanism, thereby improving the "physical channel corridor" with a "smart traffic light", and thus realizing seamless switching of high-speed rail ultra-high-speed scenarios.

[0147] The technical solution of this application is further explained below in conjunction with the specific application process.

[0148] like Figure 2 As shown, the vehicle-mounted terminal first sends the GNSS position and speed to the trackside base station. In addition, the vehicle-mounted terminal can also send RSRP and / or SINR to the trackside base station once every 100ms.

[0149] After receiving the GNSS position and velocity from the vehicle-mounted terminal, the trackside base station calculates the coordinated phase matrix for each IRS group based on this GNSS position and velocity. It then generates a phase command based on this coordinated phase matrix. The trackside base station then sends this phase command to the IRS edge controller. This phase command includes the calculated coordinated phase matrix for the IRS group. For example, the coordinated phase matrix is a 64×1-dimensional vector.

[0150] Next, after receiving the phase command from the trackside base station, the IRS edge controller determines the coordinated phase matrix of the IRS group based on the phase command. This coordinated phase matrix of the IRS group is then parsed into control signals for the N reflectors in the corresponding IRS group. Coordinated phase adjustments are then made based on these control signals, forming a continuous coverage beam for the virtual cell extending along the road. Simultaneously, the IRS unit status and environmental parameters are fed back to the trackside base station in real time. In other words, execution status (such as reflector unit failures and phase errors) is fed back to the trackside base station in real time.

[0151] Furthermore, after receiving the IRS unit status and environmental parameters from the IRS edge controller, the trackside base station generates the pre-alignment phase parameters for the IRS group based on the IRS unit status and environmental parameters. It then generates a switching instruction containing the identification code (ID) of the corresponding IRS group (i.e., the target IRS group) and the pre-alignment phase parameters. The switching instruction is then sent to the onboard terminal. This switching instruction can be sent via a System Information Block (SIB) instruction.

[0152] When the vehicle terminal receives the handover command, it first parses it to extract the target IRS group ID to facilitate location. It also extracts the pre-alignment phase parameters to adjust the direction of the virtual cell's continuous coverage beam. Next, it performs beam pre-alignment. Based on the extracted pre-alignment phase parameters, it adjusts the antenna phase so that the received virtual cell's continuous coverage beam is pre-aligned to the target IRS group. Then, it performs synchronous access. Using the target IRS group ID, it searches for its synchronization signal, establishes a connection with it, and calibrates the phase offset. Finally, the handover is completed by updating the wireless resource configuration, receiving the target IRS group signal, and confirming the handover success.

[0153] The above-mentioned vehicle-mounted terminal sends GNSS position and speed to the trackside base station, and sends RSRP and / or SINR every 100ms, and the process in which the RS edge controller sends IRS unit status and environmental parameters to the base station can belong to the uplink data process.

[0154] The above-mentioned trackside base station sends a phase instruction to the IRS edge controller and sends a switching instruction to the on-board terminal, which can be regarded as a downlink control process.

[0155] Furthermore, in cross-domain collaboration, trackside base stations can also send load data to the core network, including PRB utilization and user numbers. This load data is then used to train a global model, which can then be used to predict network load over a period of time (e.g., 5 seconds) in the future, generating corresponding network load prediction results.

[0156] Then, based on the network load prediction results and RSRP and SINR, the double-layer switching trigger mechanism of the network layer trigger mechanism and the physical layer trigger mechanism is judged, so that when the train enters the trackside base station B from the trackside base station A, a train entry notification can be sent to the trackside base station B (such as it is expected to enter your jurisdiction in 10 seconds), so that the IRS nodes within the first preset distance in front of the train can be activated to achieve pre-activation of the target IRS group, so as to form a virtual cell continuous coverage beam, and thus achieve seamless switching of high-speed rail communications. In addition, when the train leaves the trackside base station B, a departure notification can be sent to the trackside base station B (such as it has currently left your jurisdiction), so that the IRS nodes within the second preset distance that the train has passed can be put into sleep mode.

[0157] The technical solution of this application is further explained below in conjunction with specific application scenarios.

[0158] Example 1: Dynamic switching of virtual cells on a 350km / h ultra-high-speed track

[0159] For scenarios where a train is traveling on a track at 350 km / h, a virtual cell continuous coverage beam is constructed based on multiple sets of IRSs deployed on the track that move with the train. First, the IRS is initialized. When the train enters the coverage area of IRS-1 to IRS-5, the five IRSs of IRS-1 to IRS-5 are activated to generate a 600m coverage band whose beam direction is consistent with the direction of train movement. Then, based on IRS-1 to IRS-5, coordinated phase adjustment is performed to form a continuous signal corridor (i.e., a virtual cell continuous coverage beam is formed). In IRS-1 to IRS-5, the average RSRP is -93dBm and the average SINR is 12dB. Since the RSRP at this time is higher than the first switching threshold and the SINR is higher than the second switching threshold, there is no need to initiate switching.

[0160] Then, every time the train moves forward 500m, the two IRSs at the rear (such as IRS-1 and IRS-2) are dormant and the two IRSs at the front (such as IRS-6 and IRS-7) are pre-activated.

[0161] In addition, for two adjacent IRS groups (such as IRS-3 and IRS-4), a phase smoothing method can be used for transition to ensure that the signal fluctuation is less than or equal to a signal fluctuation threshold (such as 2 dB).

[0162] Then, the virtual cell is switched in combination with the double-layer switching trigger mechanism. Specifically, for the physical layer trigger mechanism in the double-layer trigger switching mechanism, when the RSRP of IRS-3 is detected to be reduced to -96dBm by the on-board terminal, it is determined that the RSRP at this time is lower than the first switching threshold, and the pre-switching is triggered (i.e., the switching is started). For the network layer trigger mechanism in the double-layer switching trigger mechanism, when the trackside base station predicts that the PRB utilization rate of IRS-3 in the next 5 seconds will reach 90%, and the PRB utilization rate in the next 5 seconds in the IRS-4 to IRS-6 area will reach 75%, then the first network load prediction result indicating that the current virtual cell will have a high congestion risk and the adjacent virtual cell will have a low congestion risk is obtained. At this time, the switching threshold (such as the first switching threshold and / or the second switching threshold) is increased, so that the train can be forced to access the IRS-4 to IRS-6 area in advance to avoid the congested area.

[0163] The handover decision determined at this time may be: selecting the adjacent IRS-4 group (the RSRP of the IRS group is -92dBm and the PRB utilization is 60%), pre-activating the IRS-4 group, and sending a corresponding handover instruction.

[0164] Furthermore, when the train accesses IRS-4, IRS-3 is put into sleep mode, thereby completing the switching of the virtual cell. During this switching process, the entire switching delay is low and the service is uninterrupted.

[0165] Example 2: Virtual cell coverage enhancement in tunnel scenarios

[0166] For scenarios where high-speed trains travel at 350 km / h into a 2.5 km tunnel and traditional base station signal coverage is poor, a virtual cell continuous coverage beam is constructed based on multiple IRS groups deployed in the tunnel that moves with the train. Then, when the train's real-time position determines that it is 500 m from the tunnel entrance, the IRS groups in the tunnel are pre-activated (e.g., IRS-1 to IRS-25 groups in the tunnel, with 100 m spacing between each IRS group). The coordinated phase matrix of the IRS groups is then calculated for coordinated phase adjustment, forming a continuous coverage beam along the tunnel axis. At this point, the RSRP is ≥ -95 dBm.

[0167] After the train passes through the tunnel, the IRS group in the tunnel will automatically go into hibernation to reduce power consumption and save resources.

[0168] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a switching device for a virtual cell, such as Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a virtual cell switching device provided by the present application, the device comprising:

[0169] A construction module 301 is configured to construct a continuous coverage beam of a virtual cell that moves with the train based on multiple sets of intelligent reflective surfaces (IRSs) deployed on the road;

[0170] The processing module 302 is configured to switch the virtual cell based on the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell and the dual-layer switching trigger mechanism.

[0171] In one possible implementation, module 301 is constructed to specifically obtain the real-time position and speed of the train; based on the multiple groups of IRSs deployed on the road, a coordinated phase matrix of the IRS group is generated according to the real-time position and the speed; based on the coordinated phase matrix, a coordinated phase adjustment is performed to form a continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell that moves with the train.

[0172] In a possible implementation, the construction module 301 is further configured to determine a prediction period and a redundant buffer distance; and calculate a coverage band length of a continuous coverage beam of a virtual cell based on the speed, the prediction period, and the redundant buffer distance.

[0173] In one possible implementation, the construction module 301 is further used to determine whether the train enters the coverage of the virtual cell based on the real-time position; if so, activate the IRS node within a first preset distance in front of the train to form a continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell that moves with the train.

[0174] In a possible implementation, the construction module 301 is further configured to determine, based on the real-time position, an IRS node to be dormant within a second preset distance that the train has passed, and to put the IRS node to be dormant into hibernation.

[0175] In a possible implementation, the dual-layer handover trigger mechanism includes a physical layer trigger mechanism and a network layer trigger mechanism, and the physical layer trigger mechanism is specifically:

[0176] When the combined signal strength of the IRS signals in the virtual cell is lower than a first handover threshold and / or the signal quality of the IRS signals in the virtual cell is lower than a second handover threshold, initiating handover;

[0177] The network layer trigger mechanism is specifically as follows:

[0178] Based on the real-time data of the current virtual cell and the adjacent virtual cell, the network load is predicted to obtain a network load prediction result; if it is determined that the network load prediction result indicates that the current virtual cell will have a high congestion risk and the adjacent virtual cell will have a low congestion risk, the switching threshold is increased; wherein the switching threshold includes the first switching threshold and / or the second switching threshold; if it is determined that the network load prediction result indicates that the current virtual cell will have no congestion risk, the switching threshold is maintained.

[0179] Based on the same inventive concept, an electronic device is also provided in the embodiment of the present application. The electronic device can realize the function of the switching device of the virtual cell. Figure 4 , the above-mentioned electronic equipment includes:

[0180] At least one processor 401, and a memory 402 connected to the at least one processor 401. The specific connection medium between the processor 401 and the memory 402 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 In the example, the processor 401 and the memory 402 are connected via a bus 400. Figure 4 The bus 400 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 4 The diagram is represented by only one thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus. Alternatively, the processor 401 may also be referred to as a controller, without limitation to the name.

[0181] In the embodiment of the present application, the memory 402 stores instructions that can be executed by at least one processor 401. The at least one processor 401 can execute the virtual cell switching method discussed above by executing the instructions stored in the memory 402. The processor 401 can implement Figure 3 The functions of each module in the device shown.

[0182] Among them, the processor 401 is the control center of the device, which can use various interfaces and lines to connect the various parts of the entire control device, and monitor the device as a whole by running or executing instructions stored in the memory 402 and calling data stored in the memory 402, the various functions of the device and processing data.

[0183] In one possible design, processor 401 may include one or more processing units. Processor 401 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor. The application processor primarily processes the operating system, user interface, and application programs, while the modem processor primarily handles wireless communications. It is understood that the modem processor may not be integrated into processor 401. In some embodiments, processor 401 and memory 402 may be implemented on the same chip. In some embodiments, they may also be implemented on separate chips.

[0184] The processor 401 can be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, and can implement or execute the various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the virtual cell switching method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware processor, or can be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0185] The memory 402 is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs and modules. The memory 402 may include at least one type of storage medium, such as a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card-type memory, a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a magnetic memory, a disk, an optical disk, etc. The memory 402 is any other medium that can be used to carry or store a desired program code in the form of an instruction or data structure and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 402 in the embodiment of the present application can also be a circuit or any other device that can realize a storage function, for storing program instructions and / or data.

[0186] By designing and programming the processor 401, the code corresponding to the virtual cell switching method described in the above embodiment can be fixed into the chip, so that the chip can execute the code when running. Figure 1 The steps of the virtual cell handover method in the embodiment shown are as follows: How to design and program the processor 401 is a technique well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0187] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides a storage medium storing computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed on a computer, the computer executes the virtual cell switching method discussed above.

[0188] In some possible implementations, various aspects of the virtual cell switching method provided in the present application can also be implemented in the form of a program product, which includes program code. When the program product is run on the device, the program code is used to enable the control device to execute the steps of the virtual cell switching method according to various exemplary embodiments of the present application described above in this specification.

[0189] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application can adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application can adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0190] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the steps in the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0191] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0192] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0193] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A virtual cell switching method, characterized in that: include: Based on multiple sets of intelligent reflective surfaces (IRS) deployed on the road, a continuous coverage beam of a virtual cell is constructed that moves with the train. The virtual cell is switched based on the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell and the dual-layer switching trigger mechanism.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method of constructing a continuous coverage beam of a virtual cell that moves with the train based on multiple sets of intelligent reflective surfaces (IRS) deployed on the road includes: Obtaining the real-time position and speed of the train; Based on the multiple IRSs deployed on the road, generating a coordinated phase matrix of the IRS group according to the real-time position and the speed; Based on the coordinated phase matrix, coordinated phase adjustment is performed to form a continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell that moves with the train.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein Before forming the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell moving with the train, the method further includes: Determine the forecast period and redundancy buffer distance; Based on the speed, the prediction period, and the redundant buffer distance, a coverage band length of a continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell is calculated.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein The forming of the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell moving with the train includes: Determining whether the train enters a coverage area of a virtual cell according to the real-time position; If so, activate the IRS nodes within a first preset distance in front of the train to form a continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell that moves with the train.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein After obtaining the real-time position of the train, the method further comprises: According to the real-time position, an IRS node to be dormant within a second preset distance that the train has passed is determined, and the IRS node to be dormant is put into dormancy.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The dual-layer handover trigger mechanism includes a physical layer trigger mechanism and a network layer trigger mechanism. The physical layer trigger mechanism is specifically: When the combined signal strength of the IRS signals in the virtual cell is lower than a first handover threshold and / or the signal quality of the IRS signals in the virtual cell is lower than a second handover threshold, initiating handover; The network layer trigger mechanism is specifically as follows: Based on the real-time data of the current virtual cell and the adjacent virtual cells, the network load is predicted to obtain the network load prediction result; If it is determined that the network load prediction result indicates that the current virtual cell will have a high congestion risk and the adjacent virtual cell will have a low congestion risk, then increase the handover threshold; wherein the handover threshold includes the first handover threshold and / or the second handover threshold; If it is determined that the network load prediction result indicates that the current virtual cell will not have congestion risk, the switching threshold is maintained.

7. A virtual cell switching device, characterized in that: include: A construction module is used to build a continuous coverage beam of a virtual cell that moves with the train based on multiple sets of intelligent reflective surfaces (IRS) deployed on the road; The processing module is used to switch the virtual cell based on the continuous coverage beam of the virtual cell and the dual-layer switching trigger mechanism.

8. The device according to claim 7, wherein include: The dual-layer handover trigger mechanism includes a physical layer trigger mechanism and a network layer trigger mechanism. The physical layer trigger mechanism is specifically: When the combined signal strength of the IRS signals in the virtual cell is lower than a first handover threshold and / or the signal quality of the IRS signals in the virtual cell is lower than a second handover threshold, initiating handover; The network layer trigger mechanism is specifically as follows: Based on the real-time data of the current virtual cell and the adjacent virtual cells, the network load is predicted to obtain the network load prediction result; If it is determined that the network load prediction result indicates that the current virtual cell will have a high congestion risk and the adjacent virtual cell will have a low congestion risk, then increase the handover threshold; wherein the handover threshold includes the first handover threshold and / or the second handover threshold; If it is determined that the network load prediction result indicates that the current virtual cell will not have congestion risk, the switching threshold is maintained.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: Memory for storing computer programs; A processor, configured to implement the method steps of any one of claims 1 to 6 when executing the computer program stored in the memory.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method steps according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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