Method for improving pork quality of white gourd and application of method

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the quality of white gourd pork and application thereof, a nursing period feed, a growing period feed and a fattening period feed are adopted, and the three feeds comprise mixed fermentation materials prepared by mixing and fermenting pennisetum purpureum, indigofera pseudotinctoria branches and leaves, moringa oleifera leaf powder and Japanese banana leaves according to the proportion of (5-8): (1-2): (1-2): 1. According to the method for improving the quality of the white gourd pork and the application of the method, the formula of the white gourd pig feed is optimized, the slaughter performance is remarkably improved, and the meat quality index is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of winter melon pig breeding, and in particular to a method for improving the quality of winter melon pork and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The Donggua pig belongs to the southern Yunnan small-eared pig family, commonly known as the Banna small-eared pig, Hani pig, fine-bone pig, or small fragrant pig. It is primarily produced in Mengla County, Yunnan Province, with the core production area encompassing the ethnic villages within Mengla and Menghai counties and Jinghong City. This native breed, domesticated from native wild boars by local ethnic minorities (including the Dai, Hani, Jinuo, and Hani), boasts a history of over 2,000 years dating back to the Eastern Han Dynasty. It is primarily found in tropical and subtropical regions with high temperatures and humidity, and thrives at altitudes between 500 and 2,000 meters.

[0003] In the existing technology, winter melon pigs are usually fed conventional feed, which mostly adopts a corn-soybean meal formula. Although it can meet basic nutritional needs, the feed conversion rate of winter melon pigs fed with conventional feed is low, resulting in poor slaughter performance of winter melon pigs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for improving the quality of winter melon pork and its application.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a method for improving the quality of winter melon pork, which comprises a nursery feed, a growth feed and a fattening feed, wherein the three feeds all contain a mixed fermentation material prepared by mixing and fermenting sweet elephant grass, horsethorn branches and leaves, moringa leaf powder and banana leaves in a ratio of 5-8:1-2:1-2:1.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the nursery feed contains the following components by weight: 45-55 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of mixed fermentation material, 10-15 parts of soybean meal, 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 5-7 parts of fish meal, 1-3 parts of vegetable oil, and 4 parts of premix.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the growth period feed contains the following components by weight: 25-35 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of mixed fermentation material, 15-25 parts of sweet potato vine powder, 8-12 parts of soybean meal, 2-3 parts of rapeseed meal, 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 1-3 parts of vegetable oil, and 4 parts of premix.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the fattening feed contains the following components by weight: 25-35 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of mixed fermentation material, 15-25 parts of sweet potato vine powder, 10-15 parts of fermented rapeseed meal, 10-15 parts of rice bran, 2-3 parts of walnut peptide powder, 2-3 parts of perilla powder, 1-3 parts of vegetable oil, and 4 parts of premix.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the premix contains 6000-8000 IU / kg vitamin A, 1000-2000 IU / kg vitamin D3, 30-50 IU / kg vitamin E, 1-5 mg / kg vitamin K3, 0.03-0.05 mg / kg vitamin B12, 4-6 mg / kg vitamin B2, 25-30 mg / kg niacin, 14-16 mg / kg pantothenic acid, 0.68-0.8 mg / kg folic acid, 0.8-0.85 mg / kg vitamin B1, 0.8-0.85 mg / kg vitamin B6, 0.05-0.07 mg / kg biotin, 90-120 mg / kg g zinc, 30-60mg / kg manganese, 100-150mg / kg iron, 20-25mg / kg copper, 0.40-0.45mg / kg iodine, 0.30-0.35mg / kg selenium.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the premix further comprises compound probiotics and compound enzyme preparations.

[0011] The present invention provides a feed preparation method, comprising mixing sweet elephant grass, horsethorn branches and leaves, moringa leaf powder and banana leaves in a weight ratio of 5-8:1-2:1-2:1 and then crushing to obtain a mixed crushed material; After the mixed material is dried, deionized water is added to grind it, and after the grinding is completed, yeast is added to obtain a mixed solution; The mixed liquid is added into a fermentation container, and after fermentation at a specific temperature for a period of time, it is sterilized to obtain a mixed fermentation material.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the particle size of the mixed crushed material is ≤20mm, and the tax content of the mixed crushed material after drying is ≤50%; The added yeast accounts for 0.03-0.05% of the weight of the mixture, and the fermentation is carried out at 28-32℃ for 3-5 days; The mixed solution was sterilized at 120±1°C for 20 min to obtain a mixed fermentation material; The mixed fermented material is mixed with other corresponding raw materials to obtain feed for each feeding stage.

[0013] The invention provides an application of feed, wherein winter melon pigs are fed with nursery period feed, growth period feed and fattening period feed respectively during the nursery period, growth period and fattening period, and the feeding amount is adjusted according to different growth stages.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Optimizing the feed formula for winter melon pigs can significantly improve their slaughter performance and meat quality indicators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a feed preparation method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0017] In the drawings, the same reference numerals all refer to the same components.

[0018] Example 1: The present invention provides a method for improving the quality of winter melon pork, comprising a nursery feed, a growth feed and a fattening feed, wherein the three feeds all contain a mixed fermentation material prepared by mixing and fermenting sweet elephant grass, horsethorn branches and leaves, moringa leaf powder and banana leaves in a ratio of 5:1:1:1.

[0019] Furthermore, the nursery feed contains the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of corn, 20 parts of mixed fermentation material, 10 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of fish meal, 1 part of vegetable oil, and 4 parts of premix.

[0020] Furthermore, the growth period feed contains the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of corn, 20 parts of mixed fermentation material, 15 parts of sweet potato vine powder, 8 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of vegetable oil, and 4 parts of premix.

[0021] Furthermore, the fattening feed contains the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of corn, 20 parts of mixed fermentation material, 15 parts of sweet potato vine powder, 10 parts of fermented rapeseed meal, 10 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of walnut peptide powder, 2 parts of perilla powder, 1 part of vegetable oil, and 4 parts of premix.

[0022] Furthermore, the premix contains 6000 IU / kg vitamin A, 1000 IU / kg vitamin D3, 30 IU / kg vitamin E, 1 mg / kg vitamin K3, 0.03 mg / kg vitamin B12, 4 mg / kg vitamin B2, 25 mg / kg niacin, 14 mg / kg pantothenic acid, 0.68 mg / kg folic acid, 0.8 mg / kg vitamin B1, 0.8 mg / kg vitamin B6, 0.05 mg / kg biotin, 90 mg / kg zinc, 30 mg / kg manganese, 100 mg / kg iron, 20 mg / kg copper, 0.40 mg / kg iodine, and 0.30 mg / kg selenium.

[0023] Furthermore, the premix also includes compound probiotics and compound enzyme preparations.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a feed preparation method, comprising the following steps: Mixing sweet elephant grass, horsethorn branches and leaves, Moringa leaf powder and banana leaves in a weight ratio of 5:1:1:1 and then grinding to obtain a mixed crushed material; After the mixed material is dried, deionized water is added to grind it, and after the grinding is completed, yeast is added to obtain a mixed solution; The mixed liquid is added into a fermentation container, and after fermentation at a specific temperature for a period of time, it is sterilized to obtain a mixed fermentation material.

[0025] Furthermore, the particle size of the mixed crushed material is ≤20 mm, and the tax content of the mixed crushed material after drying is ≤50%; The added yeast accounted for 0.03% of the weight of the mixture, and the mixture was fermented at 28°C for 3 days; The mixed solution was sterilized at 120±1°C for 20 min to obtain a mixed fermentation material; The mixed fermented material is mixed with other corresponding raw materials to obtain feed for each feeding stage.

[0026] The fermentation site is at an altitude of 1,500 meters.

[0027] The present invention provides an application of feed, which feeds winter melon pigs with nursery feed, growing feed and fattening feed during the nursery stage, growing stage and fattening stage respectively, and the feeding amount is adjusted according to different growth stages.

[0028] Example 2: The present invention provides a method for improving the quality of winter melon pork, comprising a nursery feed, a growth feed and a fattening feed, wherein the three feeds all contain a mixed fermentation material prepared by mixing and fermenting sweet elephant grass, horsethorn branches and leaves, moringa leaf powder and banana leaves in a ratio of 8:2:2:1.

[0029] Furthermore, the nursery feed contains the following components in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of corn, 30 parts of mixed fermentation material, 15 parts of soybean meal, 15 parts of wheat bran, 7 parts of fish meal, 3 parts of vegetable oil, and 4 parts of premix.

[0030] Furthermore, the growth period feed contains the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of corn, 30 parts of mixed fermentation material, 25 parts of sweet potato vine powder, 12 parts of soybean meal, 3 parts of rapeseed meal, 15 parts of wheat bran, 3 parts of vegetable oil, and 4 parts of premix.

[0031] Furthermore, the fattening feed contains the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of corn, 30 parts of mixed fermentation material, 25 parts of sweet potato vine powder, 15 parts of fermented rapeseed meal, 15 parts of rice bran, 3 parts of walnut peptide powder, 3 parts of perilla powder, 3 parts of vegetable oil, and 4 parts of premix.

[0032] Furthermore, the premix contains 8000 IU / kg vitamin A, 2000 IU / kg vitamin D3, 50 IU / kg vitamin E, 5 mg / kg vitamin K3, 0.05 mg / kg vitamin B12, 6 mg / kg vitamin B2, 30 mg / kg niacin, 16 mg / kg pantothenic acid, 0.8 mg / kg folic acid, 0.85 mg / kg vitamin B1, 0.85 mg / kg vitamin B6, 0.07 mg / kg biotin, 120 mg / kg zinc, 60 mg / kg manganese, 150 mg / kg iron, 25 mg / kg copper, 0.45 mg / kg iodine, and 0.35 mg / kg selenium.

[0033] Furthermore, the premix also includes compound probiotics and compound enzyme preparations.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a feed preparation method, comprising the following steps: Mixing sweet elephant grass, horsethorn branches and leaves, Moringa leaf powder and banana leaves in a weight ratio of 8:2:2:1 and then grinding to obtain a mixed crushed material; After the mixed material is dried, deionized water is added to grind it, and after the grinding is completed, yeast is added to obtain a mixed solution; The mixed liquid is added into a fermentation container, and after fermentation at a specific temperature for a period of time, it is sterilized to obtain a mixed fermentation material.

[0035] Furthermore, the particle size of the mixed crushed material is ≤20 mm, and the tax content of the mixed crushed material after drying is ≤50%; The added yeast accounted for 0.05% of the weight of the mixture, and the mixture was fermented at 32°C for 5 days; The mixed solution was sterilized at 120±1°C for 20 min to obtain a mixed fermentation material; The mixed fermented material is mixed with other corresponding raw materials to obtain feed for each feeding stage.

[0036] The fermentation site is at an altitude of 1,500 meters.

[0037] The present invention provides an application of feed, which feeds winter melon pigs with nursery feed, growing feed and fattening feed during the nursery stage, growing stage and fattening stage respectively, and the feeding amount is adjusted according to different growth stages.

[0038] Example 3: The present invention provides a method for improving the quality of winter melon pork, comprising a nursery feed, a growth feed and a fattening feed, wherein the three feeds all contain a mixed fermentation material prepared by mixing and fermenting sweet elephant grass, horsethorn branches and leaves, moringa leaf powder and banana leaves in a ratio of 7:1.5:1.5:1.

[0039] Furthermore, the nursery feed contains the following components in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of corn, 25 parts of mixed fermentation material, 12 parts of soybean meal, 12 parts of wheat bran, 6 parts of fish meal, 2 parts of vegetable oil, and 4 parts of premix.

[0040] Furthermore, the growth period feed contains the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of corn, 25 parts of mixed fermentation material, 20 parts of sweet potato vine powder, 10 parts of soybean meal, 2.5 parts of rapeseed meal, 12 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of vegetable oil, and 4 parts of premix.

[0041] Furthermore, the fattening feed contains the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of corn, 25 parts of mixed fermentation material, 20 parts of sweet potato vine powder, 12 parts of fermented rapeseed meal, 12 parts of rice bran, 2.5 parts of walnut peptide powder, 2.5 parts of perilla powder, 2 parts of vegetable oil, and 4 parts of premix.

[0042] Furthermore, the premix contains 7000 IU / kg vitamin A, 1500 IU / kg vitamin D3, 40 IU / kg vitamin E, 3 mg / kg vitamin K3, 0.04 mg / kg vitamin B12, 5 mg / kg vitamin B2, 27 mg / kg niacin, 15 mg / kg pantothenic acid, 0.7 mg / kg folic acid, 0.82 mg / kg vitamin B1, 0.82 mg / kg vitamin B6, 0.06 mg / kg biotin, 100 mg / kg zinc, 50 mg / kg manganese, 120 mg / kg iron, 23 mg / kg copper, 0.42 mg / kg iodine, and 0.32 mg / kg selenium.

[0043] Furthermore, the premix also includes compound probiotics and compound enzyme preparations.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a feed preparation method, comprising the following steps: Mixing sweet elephant grass, horse thorn branches and leaves, Moringa leaf powder and banana leaves in a weight ratio of 7:1.5:1.5:1 and then grinding to obtain a mixed crushed material; After the mixed material is dried, deionized water is added to grind it, and after the grinding is completed, yeast is added to obtain a mixed solution; The mixed liquid is added into a fermentation container, and after fermentation at a specific temperature for a period of time, it is sterilized to obtain a mixed fermentation material.

[0045] Furthermore, the particle size of the mixed crushed material is ≤20 mm, and the tax content of the mixed crushed material after drying is ≤50%; The added yeast accounted for 0.04% of the weight of the mixture, and the mixture was fermented at 30°C for 4 days; The mixed solution was sterilized at 120±1°C for 20 min to obtain a mixed fermentation material; The mixed fermented material is mixed with other corresponding raw materials to obtain feed for each feeding stage.

[0046] The present invention provides an application of feed, which feeds winter melon pigs with nursery feed, growing feed and fattening feed during the nursery stage, growing stage and fattening stage respectively, and the feeding amount is adjusted according to different growth stages.

[0047] 1. Test content: A comparative experiment was conducted on the slaughter performance and meat quality of winter melon pigs after they were marketed using the feed ratio described in the examples of this application and the traditional feed ratio.

[0048] 2. Test objectives: The differences between the feed in the embodiment (embodiment group) and the traditional feed (control group) in the following dimensions were verified: Growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality indicators.

[0049] 3. Experimental design variety: Yunnan winter melon pig (nursery period, initial weight 10±1kg) Grouping: Example 1 Group: 30 heads (half male and half female); Example 2 Group: 30 heads (half male and half female); Example 3 Group: 30 heads (half male and half female); Control group: 30 heads (half male and half female); Grouping principle: Random allocation by weight (to avoid initial differences).

[0050] 5. Comparison of feed formula for the control group: A traditional corn-soybean meal formula was used, and supplementary raw materials commonly used in the traditional formula were added at different growth stages of winter melon pigs to ensure normal growth of winter melon pigs at all stages.

[0051] 6. Feeding and management: Cycle: 450 days (until market launch) Feeding method: 3 times a day (07:00 / 13:00 / 19:00); Environmental control: temperature 18-25°C, humidity 60%-70%; Exercise twice a day.

[0052] 7. Data Collection: 7.1 The empty stomach weight of the pigs was measured at the beginning of the trial (weaning at 35 days) and at the end of each stage. The feed intake and health status of the pigs in each pen were recorded daily. Based on the recorded data, the average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed-to-weight ratio (F / G) of the pigs in each group and stage were calculated. The calculation formula is as follows: (1) Average daily gain (ADG) = (average weight at the end of the trial - average weight at the beginning of the trial) / number of trial days; (2) Average daily feed intake (ADFI) = (total amount of feed fed - remaining feed) / number of experimental days; (3) Feed to gain ratio (F / G) = average daily feed intake / average daily weight gain.

[0053] 7.2 Determination of Ketone Body Traits in Fattening Winter Melon Pigs: The day before the end of the experiment, the experimental winter melon pigs were fasted for 24 hours with free access to water, and then slaughtered.

[0054] (1) Carcass straight length (cm) = length from the midpoint of the anterior edge of the pubic symphysis to the midpoint of the anterior edge of the first cervical vertebra.

[0055] (2) Carcass oblique length (cm) = the straight line from the center point of the junction of the first rib and sternum to the center point of the anterior edge of the pubic symphysis.

[0056] (3) Back fat thickness (cm) = Use a vernier caliper to measure the thickness of the subcutaneous fat layer at the 6th to 7th ribs, the last rib, the lumbar sacral junction, and the midline of the back, and take the average value of the three points.

[0057] 7.3 Growth performance: The pen was weighed before feeding in the morning at the beginning and end of the experiment, and the average daily weight gain was calculated. The feed intake was recorded every day during the experiment, and the average daily feed intake was calculated.

[0058] 7.4 Carcass characteristics: The day before the end of the experiment, feed was stopped. On the day of the experiment's conclusion, six winter melon pigs (three males and three females) were selected from each replicate group, their live weights were measured, and then they were slaughtered. The slaughter process strictly followed the national standard "Slaughtering Operation Procedures for Pigs" (GB / T17236-2008).

[0059] Carcass weight: The weight of the carcass without the viscera, head, hooves and tail.

[0060] Dressing rate: the ratio of carcass weight to live weight before slaughter.

[0061] Back fat thickness: The fat thickness at three points of the carcass is measured: the thickest part of the shoulder, the junction of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, and the junction of the lumbar and sacral vertebrae. The average of the three points is taken as the average back fat thickness.

[0062] Carcass straight length: the distance from the front edge of the bottom of the occipito-atlantal joint (the depression of the first cervical vertebra) to the midline of the front edge of the pubic symphysis.

[0063] Carcass oblique length: the distance from the junction of the first rib and sternum to the midline of the pubic symphysis.

[0064] 7.5 Meat quality: pH value: Take meat samples with a width and thickness greater than 3.0 cm directly from the longissimus dorsi muscle at the first and second thoracic vertebrae from the carcass, and measure the pH value within 1 hour and 24 hours after slaughter of the winter melon pig.

[0065] Water-binding strength: Take the longissimus dorsi muscle at the 1st-2nd lumbar vertebrae and cut a 1cm thick slice. Weigh the meat sample (W1) and place it on a compression instrument with 18 layers of filter paper on top and bottom. Apply pressure uniformly to 35kg and maintain for 5 minutes. Immediately after removing the pressure, weigh the meat sample (W2). Calculate the water loss rate (%) according to the following formula: Water loss rate = [(W1-W2) / W1]×100%.

[0066] Shear force: The longissimus dorsi and leg muscles were measured in sections parallel to the muscle fibers, measuring 3 cm in length × 1.5 cm in width × 1.5 cm in height. The tendons, skeletal muscles, membranes, and fat on the surface of the meat were removed. The shear force was measured using a C-LM3B digital muscle tenderizer (Beijing Dingheli Technology Co., Ltd.). Each sample was measured three times, and the average value was taken.

[0067] Meat color: The L* (lightness), a* (redness), and b* (yellowness) values of the longissimus dorsi muscle were measured using a TCP2 fully automatic colorimeter (Beijing Aoike Optoelectronic Instrument Co., Ltd.). Each sample was measured three times in parallel and the average value was calculated.

[0068] 7.6 Muscle general nutritional composition: Crude protein: The crude protein content of the longissimus dorsi muscle was determined by the Kjeldahl method.

[0069] Intramuscular fat: The fat content of the longissimus dorsi muscle was determined by ether extraction.

[0070] Amino acid content: The longissimus dorsi muscle samples from the control group and the example group were dried using a freeze dryer, and the amino acid content of the dried meat samples was determined using a fully automatic amino acid analyzer (national standard GB / T18246-2000).

[0071] Fatty acid content: The longissimus dorsi muscle samples of the control group and the example group were dried using a freeze dryer, and the fatty acid content of the meat samples after absolute drying was determined by gas chromatography (national standard GB / T21514-2008). 8. Data processing: The experimental data were organized using Excel 2007 and analyzed by one-way ANOVA using SAS 9.2 statistical software. Duncan's multiple comparisons were used for significance analysis. Amino acids and fatty acids were analyzed using t-tests. P < 0.05 was considered a significant difference.

[0072] 9. After data processing, we get the following table: Table 1: Comparison of growth performance of winter melon pigs during the nursery and growing periods (120 days)

[0073] The P values of the embodiment groups in Table 1 were all < 0.05.

[0074] Table 2: Comparison of growth performance of winter melon pigs during the growing and finishing periods (240 days)

[0075] The P values of the embodiment groups in Table 2 were all < 0.05.

[0076] Table 3: Comparison of growth performance of winter melon pigs during the fattening period (90 days)

[0077] The P values of the embodiment groups in Table 3 were all < 0.05.

[0078] Table 4: Comparison of winter melon pig slaughtering performance

[0079] The P values of the embodiment groups in Table 4 were all < 0.05.

[0080] Table 5: Comparison of winter melon and pork quality

[0081] The P values of the embodiment groups in Table 5 were all < 0.05.

[0082] Analysis of the longissimus dorsi muscles of 10 winter melon pigs in the control group showed that the total amino acid content (16 types) was 21.52%, the total content of the three main umami amino acids (glutamic acid, alanine, and aspartic acid) was 6.96%, and the total content of the seven essential amino acids (methionine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, threonine, and lysine) was 8.80%. The total content of saturated fatty acids was 40.34%, the total content of monounsaturated fatty acids was 41.72%, the total content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, etc.) was 17.96%, and the content of omega-3 fatty acids (α-linolenic acid, EPA, and DHA) was 0.61%. Protein content was 22.42g / 100g, and cholesterol content was 43.87mg / 100g.

[0083] The results of muscle analysis of the longissimus dorsi muscles of 10 winter melon pigs in Group 1 of Example 1 showed that the total amino acid content (16 types) was 21.63%, the total content of the three major umami amino acids (glutamic acid, alanine, and aspartic acid) was 7.03%, and the total content of the seven essential amino acids (methionine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, threonine, and lysine) was 8.85%. The total content of saturated fatty acids was 40.02%, the total content of monounsaturated fatty acids was 41.45%, the total content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, etc.) was 18.48%, and the content of omega-3 fatty acids (α-linolenic acid, EPA, and DHA) was 0.62%. The protein content was 22.78 g / 100 g, and the cholesterol content was 44.58 mg / 100 g.

[0084] The results of muscle analysis of the longissimus dorsi muscles of 10 winter melon pigs in Group 2 of Example 2 showed that the total amino acid content (16 types) was 21.76%, the total content of the three main umami amino acids (glutamic acid, alanine, and aspartic acid) was 7.12%, and the total content of the seven essential amino acids (methionine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, threonine, and lysine) was 8.83%. The total content of saturated fatty acids was 39.92%, the total content of monounsaturated fatty acids was 41.75%, the total content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, etc.) was 18.39%, and the content of omega-3 fatty acids (α-linolenic acid, EPA, and DHA) was 0.59%. The protein content was 22.65g / 100g, and the cholesterol content was 46.08mg / 100g.

[0085] The results of muscle analysis of the longissimus dorsi muscles of 10 winter melon pigs in Group 3 showed that the total amino acid content (16 types) was 22.04%, the total content of the three main umami amino acids (glutamic acid, alanine, and aspartic acid) was 7.20%, and the total content of the seven essential amino acids (methionine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, threonine, and lysine) was 8.89%. The total content of saturated fatty acids was 40.06%, the total content of monounsaturated fatty acids was 41.68%, the total content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, etc.) was 18.51%, and the content of omega-3 fatty acids (α-linolenic acid, EPA, and DHA) was 0.63%. The protein content was 22.80 g / 100 g, and the cholesterol content was 45.99 mg / 100 g.

[0086] 10. Conclusion The present invention provides a method for improving the quality of winter melon pork and its application, which optimizes the winter melon pig feed formula, significantly improves its slaughter performance, and improves meat quality indicators.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the quality of winter melon pork, characterized in that: It includes nursery feed, growth feed and fattening feed. The above three feeds all contain mixed fermentation feed prepared by mixing and fermenting sweet elephant grass, horsethorn branches and leaves, moringa leaf powder and banana leaves in a ratio of 5-8:1-2:1-2:

1.

2. The method for improving the quality of winter melon pork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nursery feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of mixed fermentation material, 10-15 parts of soybean meal, 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 5-7 parts of fish meal, 1-3 parts of vegetable oil, and 4 parts of premix.

3. The method for improving the quality of winter melon pork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The growing period feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of mixed fermentation material, 15-25 parts of sweet potato vine powder, 8-12 parts of soybean meal, 2-3 parts of rapeseed meal, 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 1-3 parts of vegetable oil, and 4 parts of premix.

4. The method for improving the quality of winter melon pork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fattening feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of mixed fermentation material, 15-25 parts of sweet potato vine powder, 10-15 parts of fermented rapeseed meal, 10-15 parts of rice bran, 2-3 parts of walnut peptide powder, 2-3 parts of perilla powder, 1-3 parts of vegetable oil, and 4 parts of premix.

5. A method for improving the quality of winter melon pork according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The premix contains 6000-8000 IU / kg vitamin A, 1000-2000 IU / kg vitamin D3, 30-50 IU / kg vitamin E, 1-5 mg / kg vitamin K3, 0.03-0.05 mg / kg vitamin B12, 4-6 mg / kg vitamin B2, 25-30 mg / kg niacin, 14-16 mg / kg pantothenic acid, 0.68-0.8 mg / kg folic acid, 0.8-0.85 mg / kg vitamin B1, 0.8-0.85 mg / kg vitamin B6, 0.05-0.07 mg / kg biotin, 90-120 mg / kg zinc, 30-60 mg / kg manganese, 100-150 mg / kg iron, 20-25 mg / kg copper, 0.40-0.45 mg / kg iodine, and 0.30-0.35 mg / kg selenium.

6. A method for improving the quality of winter melon pork according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The premix also includes compound probiotics and compound enzyme preparations.

7. A method for preparing feed, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Mixing sweet elephant grass, horsethorn branches and leaves, Moringa leaf powder and banana leaves in a weight ratio of 5-8:1-2:1-2:1 and then grinding to obtain a mixed crushed material; After the mixed material is dried, deionized water is added to grind it, and after the grinding is completed, yeast is added to obtain a mixed solution; The mixed liquid is added into a fermentation container, and after fermentation at a specific temperature for a period of time, it is sterilized to obtain a mixed fermentation material.

8. A feed preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The particle size of the mixed crushed material is ≤20mm, and the tax content of the mixed crushed material after drying is ≤50%; The added yeast accounts for 0.03-0.05% of the weight of the mixture, and the fermentation is carried out at 28-32℃ for 3-5 days; The mixed solution was sterilized at 120±1°C for 20 min to obtain a mixed fermentation material; The mixed fermented material is mixed with other corresponding raw materials to obtain feed for each feeding stage.

9. An application of feed, characterized in that, Winter melon pigs are fed nursery feed, growth feed and fattening feed during the nursery stage, growth stage and fattening stage respectively, and the feeding amount is adjusted according to different growth stages.

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