Surface treatment equipment for machining mechanical parts

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of surface treatment equipment, and in particular discloses a surface treatment equipment for machining mechanical parts, comprising a frame, a polishing wheel, a positioning wheel, a driving wheel, and an adjustment mechanism. The polishing wheel is slidably mounted on the frame and driven to rotate by the driving mechanism. At least two positioning wheels and two driving wheels are provided, the positioning wheels are coaxially arranged and driven to rotate by a motor, the driving wheels are arranged in parallel and elastically slide on the frame in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the positioning wheels, the driving wheels are located on one side of the positioning wheel and are evenly distributed in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the positioning wheels, and the driving wheels are tilted relative to the positioning wheels. The adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust the tilt angle of the driving wheels according to the distance between the driving wheels and the positioning wheels. A workpiece is arranged between the positioning wheel and the driving wheel and contacts the polishing wheel. The surface treatment equipment provided by the present invention can automatically adjust the moving speed of the workpiece during polishing according to the coarseness of the workpiece, thereby improving the polishing quality of the workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of surface treatment equipment, in particular to a surface treatment equipment for machining mechanical parts. Background Art

[0002] In the machining industry, when producing parts with smooth surfaces, polishing machines are often needed to treat the surface of the parts. When polishing the surfaces of long round tubes and metal shafts, round tube polishing machines are often used for polishing.

[0003] Referring to the existing published patent document named "A Circular Tube Polishing Machine" and patent application number CN201410361030.5, a circular tube polishing machine is disclosed. When polishing a long-axis circular tube workpiece, the workpiece to be polished is placed on the work station between the polishing wheel and the guide wheel. When the guide wheel rotates, it can rely on friction to drive the workpiece to slide along the slide. At the same time, not only can the inclination between the slide and the bracket be adjusted by rotating the slide handle, but the distance between the guide wheel and the polishing wheel can also be adjusted by rotating the adjustment handle, so that workpieces of different specifications can be polished to different degrees.

[0004] While the above-mentioned prior art can polish workpieces of varying sizes to varying degrees, adjusting the workpiece's movement speed or controlling the gap between the polishing wheel and the guide wheel requires manual operation of the corresponding slide handle or adjustment handle. Due to the significant instability of manual force application, the polishing quality of round tube workpieces can vary. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a surface treatment device for machining mechanical parts, so as to solve the problem that the existing circular polishing machine cannot automatically adjust the moving speed of the workpiece during polishing according to the coarseness of the circular workpiece, resulting in uneven polishing quality of the workpiece.

[0006] The surface treatment equipment for machining mechanical parts of the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A surface treatment device for machining mechanical parts comprises a frame, a polishing wheel, a positioning wheel, a driving wheel and an adjusting mechanism, wherein the polishing wheel is slidingly arranged on the frame and is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism; the positioning wheel is mounted on the frame, and at least two positioning wheels are provided, which are coaxially arranged and driven to rotate by a motor; the driving wheel is elastically slidably arranged on the frame along a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the positioning wheel, and at least two driving wheels are provided, which are parallel to each other and are evenly distributed on one side of the positioning wheel along a direction parallel to the axial direction of the positioning wheel, and are tilted relative to the positioning wheel; the adjusting mechanism is configured to adjust the inclination angle of the driving wheel according to the distance between the driving wheel and the positioning wheel; the workpiece is arranged between the positioning wheel and the driving wheel and contacts the polishing wheel.

[0008] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes a movable rod, a synchronization rod, a synchronization articulated shaft and a transmission assembly. The movable rod is slidingly arranged on the frame in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the positioning wheel. The synchronization rod is rotatably arranged on the movable rod. There are multiple synchronization rods and they are parallel to each other. There are two synchronization articulated shafts, which are respectively hinged at both ends of the multiple synchronization rods. The transmission assembly is arranged on the movable rod, and the transmission assembly is configured to adjust the inclination angle of the driving wheel according to the moving distance of the movable rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a gear disc and a rack, the gear disc is rotatably arranged on the movable rod, the rack is arranged on the frame and is located on one side of the gear disc, the rack is engaged with the gear disc, and the two synchronous articulated shafts are respectively located on both sides of the rotation center of the gear disc and are respectively rotatably connected to the upper surface of the gear disc.

[0010] Furthermore, a limit assembly is provided on the frame, and the limit assembly includes a limit rod and a first limit plate. The first limit plate is fixed on the frame, the limit rod is fixed on the side of the first limit plate facing the movable rod, and the limit rod is slidably connected to the movable rod along a length direction perpendicular to the movable rod.

[0011] Furthermore, a return spring is connected between the first limiting plate and the movable rod.

[0012] Furthermore, a support plate parallel to the workpiece axis is provided between the positioning wheel and the driving wheel, the support plate is mounted on the frame, and the support plate is configured to carry the workpiece.

[0013] Furthermore, the frame is provided with an inclined surface, the inclined surface is provided with a support frame, the polishing wheel is rotatably arranged on the support frame, the driving mechanism is arranged on the support frame, and the rotation center axis of the polishing wheel is parallel to the axial direction of the positioning wheel.

[0014] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a belt. The driving motor is installed on the support frame, the driving wheel is installed on the output shaft of the driving motor, and a connecting shaft parallel to the axial direction of the positioning wheel is rotatably provided on the support frame. The polishing wheel and the driven wheel are respectively fixed at both ends of the connecting shaft, and the belt is sleeved on the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

[0015] Furthermore, the positioning wheels and the driving wheels are each provided with three, two of the three positioning wheels are respectively close to the two ends of the frame, and the other positioning wheel is located between the other two positioning wheels, and the radius of the positioning wheel located in the middle is smaller than the radius of the positioning wheels located on both sides thereof;

[0016] Among the three driving wheels, two are close to the two ends of the frame, and the other driving wheel is located between the other two driving wheels. The radius of the driving wheel in the middle is smaller than the radius of the driving wheels on both sides thereof.

[0017] The driving wheels and positioning wheels near both ends of the frame are soft wheels.

[0018] Furthermore, the synchronization rod slides and rotates along the length direction of the movable rod, and is set on the movable rod. The synchronization hinge shaft includes a positioning part, a first telescopic part and a second telescopic part. The positioning parts of the two synchronization hinge shafts are both rotatably connected to the gear plate and are respectively located on both sides of the rotation center of the gear plate. The first telescopic part and the second telescopic part of each synchronization hinge shaft are respectively connected to the two ends of the corresponding positioning part, and the two ends of the first telescopic part and the second telescopic part are respectively hinged to the corresponding ends of the synchronization rod close to the two ends of the frame.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] The surface treatment equipment for machining mechanical parts of the present invention is as follows: a workpiece to be polished is placed between a positioning wheel and a driving wheel; due to the gravity of the workpiece, the outer wall of the workpiece can push the driving wheel to move; when the bottom end of the workpiece touches the plane of the frame or other structural parts, the workpiece no longer pushes the driving wheel to move; at this time, the workpiece is in contact with the polishing wheel, the positioning wheel and the driving wheel; then a motor arranged on one side of the positioning wheel is turned on, and the motor can drive the positioning wheel to rotate through a rotating shaft; the positioning wheel can drive the workpiece placed between the positioning wheel and the driving wheel to rotate; the workpiece can drive the driving wheel against the side wall of the workpiece to rotate; because the driving wheel is inclined relative to the positioning wheel, a certain axial component velocity exists in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the positioning wheel when the driving wheel rotates; the axial component velocity can drive the workpiece to move in its axial direction;

[0021] Workpieces of different thicknesses push the driving wheel to move different distances, which in turn causes different axial angles between the driving wheel and the positioning wheel, and correspondingly different speeds at which the workpiece can be pushed to move. This enables the present invention to automatically adjust the moving speed of the workpiece during polishing according to the thickness of the workpiece, thereby avoiding uneven polishing.

[0022] Furthermore, the two synchronous articulated shafts and the synchronous rods near the two ends of the frame can be arranged to form a parallelogram. When there are more than two driving wheels arranged on the frame, both ends of the synchronous rods connected to all the driving wheels are hinged to the two synchronous articulated shafts, thereby achieving that when a certain driving wheel rotates in a direction parallel to the plane of the frame, all the remaining synchronous rods can drive the corresponding driving wheels to rotate synchronously, so that the inclination directions of all the driving wheels are parallel, ensuring that the speed provided by the driving wheels to the workpiece is consistent.

[0023] Furthermore, the setting of the return spring ensures that when the workpiece is removed from the frame after being polished, the movable rod and the driving wheel on the movable rod, as well as the gear plate connected to the movable rod, can all return to their initial state, making it convenient for polishing a new workpiece next time. At the same time, it also plays a certain limiting role on the position of the movable rod and the driving wheel on the frame, preventing the movable rod and the driving wheel from sliding freely on the frame. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a surface treatment device for machining mechanical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic side view of the structure of a surface treatment device for machining mechanical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the top view of a surface treatment device for machining mechanical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of an adjustment mechanism of a surface treatment device for machining mechanical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the top view of the adjustment mechanism of a surface treatment device for machining mechanical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of an adjustment mechanism when a surface treatment device for machining mechanical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention is used to polish a conical workpiece.

[0032] In the figure: 100, frame; 101, plane; 102, inclined plane; 120, workpiece; 200, polishing wheel; 300, positioning wheel; 301, first positioning wheel; 302, second positioning wheel; 303, third positioning wheel; 400, driving wheel; 401, first driving wheel; 402, second driving wheel; 403, third driving wheel; 500, adjusting mechanism; 310, motor; 320, rotating shaft; 510, movable Moving rod; 520, synchronization rod; 530, synchronization hinge shaft; 531, first telescopic part; 532, second telescopic part; 533, positioning part; 540, transmission assembly; 600, limiting assembly; 541, gear plate; 542, rack; 610, limiting rod; 620, first limiting plate; 630, return spring; 700, support plate; 710, second limiting plate; 800, support frame; 810, driving mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The serial numbers assigned to components herein, such as "first," "second," etc., are used solely to distinguish the objects being described and do not convey any sequential or technical meaning. References to "connection" and "coupling" herein, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that terms such as "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise" indicate positions or relationships based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component being referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0035] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a surface treatment device for machining mechanical parts, comprising a frame 100, a polishing wheel 200, a positioning wheel 300, a driving wheel 400, and an adjustment mechanism 500. The polishing wheel 200 is slidably mounted on the frame 100 and driven for rotation by a driving mechanism 810. The positioning wheel 300 is mounted on the frame 100, and at least two positioning wheels 300 are provided. The positioning wheels 300 are coaxially arranged and driven for rotation by a motor 310. The driving wheel 400 is slidably mounted on the frame 100, with the sliding direction of the driving wheel 400 being perpendicular to the axial direction of the positioning wheel 300. There are at least two driving wheels 400, which are parallel to each other and evenly distributed on one side of the positioning wheel 300 in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the positioning wheel 300. The driving wheel 400 is tilted relative to the positioning wheel 300, with the central axis of the driving wheel 400 being arranged at an angle to the central axis of the positioning wheel 300. The adjustment mechanism 500 is configured to adjust the tilt angle of the driving wheel 400 according to the distance between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300. The workpiece 120 is disposed between the positioning wheel 300 and the driving wheel 400 and contacts the polishing wheel 200.

[0037] Specifically, the frame 100 can be a metal steel frame, and a horizontal plate is provided on the frame 100. The top surface of the horizontal plate is referred to as the plane 101 in the present invention. The polishing wheel 200 can be a polishing wheel 200 with a soft outer surface, such as a nylon polishing wheel 200 or a felt polishing wheel 200. The polishing wheel 200 is arranged on the frame 100 and is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism 810.

[0038] The driving wheels 400 and the positioning wheels 300 are all disposed on the plane 101 of the frame 100. All positioning wheels 300 are provided with a common rotating shaft 320, the axial direction of which is parallel to the axial direction of the polishing wheel 200. The rotating shaft 320 is coaxial with the positioning wheels 300. A motor 310 is mounted on one end of the rotating shaft 320. When the motor 310 is in operation, the rotating shaft 320 drives the multiple positioning wheels 300 sleeved on the rotating shaft 320 to rotate synchronously. The multiple driving wheels 400 can correspond to the multiple positioning wheels 300 on the plane 101 of the frame 100, respectively. A certain angle is formed between the central axis of the driving wheel 400 and the central axis of the corresponding positioning wheel 300. The end of the driving wheel 400, which is closest to the positioning wheel 300, is tilted toward the conveying direction of the workpiece 120. The adjustment mechanism 500 is arranged on the plane 101 of the frame 100. The adjustment mechanism 500 can adjust the inclination angle, that is, the direction, of the driving wheel 400 according to the distance between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300. However, it should be noted that the overall direction of the driving wheel 400 is still inclined toward the conveying direction of the workpiece 120.

[0039] The workpiece 120 is placed between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300. When the present invention does not specify the shape of the workpiece 120, the workpiece 120 is always a tubular workpiece. The workpiece can be the sleeve of the cycloid wheel of the RV reducer or other tubular workpieces. When the workpiece 120 is placed between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300, the axial direction of the workpiece 120 is parallel to the axial direction of the positioning wheel 300. When the workpiece 120 moves between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300, it contacts the outer wheel surface of the polishing wheel 200. When the polishing wheel 200 rotates, the outer surface of the workpiece 120 can be polished.

[0040] In the initial state, that is, when there is no workpiece 120 between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300, the angle between the central axis of the driving wheel 400 and the central axis of the positioning wheel 300 is θ. When the rotational linear velocity of the outer wheel surface of the driving wheel 400 is V, the component velocity of the driving wheel 400 in the direction parallel to the axial direction of the positioning wheel 300 is VCOSθ. Therefore, the magnitude of θ and the axial component velocity of the driving wheel 400 are monotonically decreasing. When θ approaches 0 degrees, the axial component velocity of the driving wheel 400 approaches the rotational speed of the outer wheel surface of the driving wheel 400. When a workpiece 120 is placed on the driving wheel 400, a certain friction force is required between the driving wheel 400 and the workpiece 120 in order to move the workpiece 120. However, when θ approaches 90 degrees, the axial direction of the driving wheel 400 approaches to be parallel to the axial direction of the workpiece 120, and the axial component velocity of the driving wheel 400 approaches 0. Therefore, in order to ensure the normal implementation of the present invention, an initial angle is formed between the axial direction of the driving wheel 400 and the axial direction of the positioning wheel 300. That is, when the workpiece 120 is not placed between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300, the angle between the axial direction of the driving wheel 400 and the axial direction of the positioning wheel 300 can be within the range of 15 degrees to 25 degrees.

[0041] It should be noted that no matter what the workpiece 120 is placed between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300 , the angle between the axial direction of the driving wheel 400 and the axial direction of the positioning wheel 300 is always less than 90 degrees.

[0042] The operating principle of the present invention is:

[0043] First, the workpiece 120 to be polished is placed between the positioning wheel 300 and the driving wheel 400;

[0044] When the workpiece 120 to be polished is placed between the positioning wheel 300 and the driving wheel 400, due to the gravity of the workpiece 120, the outer wall of the workpiece 120 can push the driving wheel 400 to move; when the bottom end of the workpiece 120 touches the plane 101 or other structural parts of the frame 100, the workpiece 120 no longer continues to push the driving wheel 400 to move, thereby achieving the placement of the workpiece 120 on the frame 100; then the polishing wheel 200 is pressed against the workpiece 120 to be polished, and the polishing wheel 200 is rotated by the driving mechanism 810. At the same time, the driving mechanism 810 starts the motor 310 arranged on one side of the positioning wheel 300 after the polishing wheel 200 is pressed against the workpiece 120. The motor 310 can drive the rotating shaft 320 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 320 drives multiple positioning wheels 300 to rotate. When multiple positioning wheels 300 rotate, they can drive the workpiece 120 placed between the positioning wheel 300 and the driving wheel 400 to rotate. When the workpiece 120 rotates, it can drive the driving wheel 400 against the side wall of the workpiece 120 to rotate. Since there is a certain angle between the central axis of the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300, the driving wheel 400 has a certain axial component velocity in the direction parallel to the axial direction of the positioning wheel 300 when rotating. This axial component velocity can drive the workpiece 120 to move in its axial direction. The moving direction of the workpiece 120 is consistent with the direction of deviation of the end of the driving wheel 400 close to the positioning wheel 300.

[0045] From the above, it can be seen that the component velocity of the driving wheel 400 in the direction parallel to the axis of the positioning wheel 300 is VCOSθ, where V is the rotational linear velocity of the positioning wheel 300 or the rotational linear velocity of the workpiece 120 .

[0046] In the present invention, when a workpiece 120 with a larger radius is placed between the positioning wheel 300 and the driving wheel 400, the distance between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300 can be increased. When the distance between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300 increases, the adjustment mechanism 500 of the present invention can be used to increase the angle between the axial direction of the driving wheel 400 and the axial direction of the positioning wheel 300. Combined with the above-mentioned formula for the component speed of the driving wheel 400 in the axial direction of the positioning wheel 300, it can be seen that the larger the radius of the workpiece 120, the slower the movement speed between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300, and the polishing wheel 200 can polish the workpiece 120 with a larger radius more finely. This allows the present invention to automatically adjust the movement speed of the workpiece 120 during polishing according to the different radii of the workpiece 120, avoiding the situation where workpieces 120 of different thicknesses have uneven polishing quality due to the same polishing speed.

[0047] In some embodiments, the adjustment mechanism 500 includes a movable rod 510, a synchronization rod 520, a synchronization hinge shaft 530, and a transmission assembly 540. The movable rod 510 is slidably arranged on the plane 101 of the frame 100 through a limit assembly 600. The movable rod 510 is provided with one, and the length direction of the movable rod 510 is parallel to the axial direction of the workpiece 120 and the positioning wheel 300. The movable rod 510 is located on one side of the positioning wheel 300 on the plane 101 of the frame 100. The driving wheel 400 in the above embodiment is mounted on the upper surface of the synchronization rod 520, and the number of the synchronization rods 520 is equal to the number of the driving wheels 400, and the synchronization rods 520 are parallel to each other. The synchronization rods 520 are evenly arranged on the movable rod 510 along the length direction of the movable rod 510, and are all rotatably connected to the movable rod 510 through bearings.

[0048] Two synchronous hinge shafts 530 are provided, one at each end of the synchronous rod 520, and each end of the synchronous rod 520 is hinged to the synchronous hinge shaft 530 at its end. The transmission assembly 540 is provided on the movable rod 510, and the driving wheel 400 drives the movable rod 510 to move on the plane 101 of the frame 100 through the transmission assembly 540.

[0049] In this embodiment, the two synchronous hinge shafts 530 and the synchronization rods 520 near the two ends of the frame 100 can be arranged to form a parallelogram. When there are more than two driving wheels 400 set on the frame 100, both ends of the synchronization rods 520 connected to all the driving wheels 400 are hinged to the two synchronous hinge shafts 530, thereby achieving that when a certain driving wheel 400 rotates in a direction parallel to the plane 101 of the frame 100, all other synchronization rods 520 can drive the corresponding driving wheel 400 to rotate synchronously, so that the inclination degree of all driving wheels 400 relative to the positioning wheel 300 is consistent, and thus the component speeds of each driving wheel 400 in the axial direction parallel to the positioning wheel 300 are consistent.

[0050] The transmission assembly 540 is set on the movable rod 510. When the driving wheel 400 moves, it can drive the movable rod 510 to move. When the movable rod 510 moves, the inclination degree of the driving wheel 400 is changed through the transmission assembly 540, thereby changing the moving speed of the workpiece 120.

[0051] The synchronous articulated shaft 530 in this embodiment can ensure that all the driving wheels 400 can move synchronously.

[0052] When the workpiece 120 to be polished is placed between the positioning wheel 300 and the driving wheel 400, the workpiece 120 to be polished can be pressed against the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300. Since the positioning wheel 300 cannot move, the workpiece 120 to be polished can move against the driving wheel 400. When the driving wheel 400 moves, the distance between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300 increases, and a space sufficient to accommodate the workpiece 120 can be left.

[0053] When the workpiece 120 is placed in the space between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300, the side wall of the workpiece 120 can be pressed against the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300; then the motor 310 that drives the positioning wheel 300 to rotate is started, and the motor 310 drives the positioning wheel 300 to rotate, thereby causing the workpiece 120 to rotate accordingly. When the workpiece 120 rotates, it can drive the driving wheel 400 to rotate axially. When the driving wheel 400 rotates axially, since the central axis of the driving wheel 400 and the central axis of the workpiece 120 and the positioning wheel 300 have an angle θ, when the linear velocity of the driving wheel 400 is V, the driving wheel 400 can provide the workpiece 120 with a component velocity of Vcosθ, thereby enabling the workpiece 120 to move between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300;

[0054] At this time, the polishing wheel 200 is brought into contact with the workpiece 120 , and the polishing wheel 200 rotates under the drive of the corresponding driving mechanism 810 . The polishing wheel 200 can polish the surface of the workpiece 120 while rotating, thereby achieving the polishing of the workpiece 120 in this embodiment.

[0055] Since workpieces 120 of different thicknesses can push the driving wheel 400 to move different distances when placed between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300, the rotation speed and movement speed of workpieces 120 of different thicknesses are also different. The present invention can automatically adjust the polishing degree of the workpiece 120 according to the different thicknesses of the workpiece 120.

[0056] In some embodiments, the transmission assembly 540 includes a gear wheel 541 and a rack 542. The gear wheel 541 is rotatably set on the movable rod 510, and the rack 542 is set on one side of the gear wheel 541 and meshes with the gear wheel 541. The two synchronous articulated shafts 530 are respectively located on both sides of the rotation center of the gear wheel 541 and are respectively rotatably connected to the upper surface of the gear wheel 541.

[0057] The gear disc 541 is rotatably mounted on the movable rod 510 via a bearing. The gear disc 541 is located between the synchronization rods 520 at both ends of the plane 101 close to the frame 100. The rack 542 is parallel to the plane 101 of the frame 100 and is mounted on the plane 101 of the frame 100 via mounting blocks provided at both ends. The length direction of the rack 542 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the positioning wheel 300 and parallel to the moving direction of the movable rod 510. The rack 542 and the gear disc 541 are both located in the gap between the movable rod 510 and the synchronization hinge shaft 530. The rack 542 is located on one side of the gear disc 541 and meshes with the gear disc 541. The two synchronization hinge shafts 530 are located on either side of the rotation center of the gear disc 541 and are rotationally connected to the side of the gear disc 541 away from the movable rod 510. The rotation connection points between the gear plate 541 and the two synchronous hinge shafts 530 are arranged in a central symmetry with respect to the rotation center of the gear plate 541 , and the line between the two rotation connection points is parallel to the length direction of the synchronization rod 520 .

[0058] In this embodiment, when the workpiece 120 is pressed into the gap between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300, the outer surface of the workpiece 120 can push the driving wheel 400 to move in a length direction perpendicular to the movable rod 510, and the driving wheel 400 can drive the corresponding synchronization rod 520 and the movable rod 510 to move. When the movable rod 510 moves, it can drive the gear plate 541 to move. Since the gear plate 541 is engaged with the rack 542, if the gear plate 541 moves, it will definitely rotate along the rack 542. When the gear plate 541 rotates, it can drive the synchronous hinge shaft 530 to move, and then the synchronous hinge shaft 530 can drive the synchronization rod 520 to rotate, and then drive the driving wheel 400 to rotate, so that the inclination degree of the driving wheel 400 changes.

[0059] Workpieces 120 of different thicknesses push the driving wheel 400 to move different distances in the direction perpendicular to the movable rod 510, so the inclination degree of the driving wheel 400 is also different. As can be seen from the aforementioned embodiment, the driving wheels 400 with different inclination degrees can drive the workpiece 120 to move at different speeds. Therefore, when workpieces 120 of different thicknesses are placed between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300, the transmission assembly 540 can make the workpieces 120 of different thicknesses correspond to different movement speeds, thereby improving the polishing quality of the workpiece 120.

[0060] In addition, the arrangement of the transmission assembly 540 also prevents the workpiece 120 from being pressed into the gap between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300, causing the distance between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300 to change excessively due to the sudden squeezing force applied to the driving wheel 400, or preventing the rotation angle of the driving wheel 400 from exceeding the rotation angle of the driving wheel 400 when the workpiece 120 collides with the driving wheel 400 due to the sudden squeezing force, thereby ensuring the normal implementation of the present invention.

[0061] Furthermore, the limiting assembly 600 includes a limiting rod 610 and a first limiting plate 620. The first limiting plate 620 is fixed to the plane 101 of the frame 100. Two first limiting plates 620 are provided, and the two first limiting plates 620 are respectively close to the two ends of the movable rod 510 on the plane 101 of the frame 100. The limiting rod 610 is fixed to the first limiting plate 620. The axial direction of the limiting rod 610 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the positioning wheel 300. The limiting rod 610 is slidably connected to the movable rod 510 along its axial direction. Specifically, the movable rod 510 is provided with a limiting hole that is compatible with the limiting rod 610, and the end of the limiting rod 610 away from the first limiting plate 620 is inserted into the limiting hole.

[0062] The limiting rod 610, when inserted into the limiting hole, can restrict the movement direction of the movable rod 510, so that the movable rod 510 can only move along the axial direction of the limiting rod 610, thereby ensuring the synchronous rotation of the driving wheel 400 on the movable rod 510 and the synchronous articulated shaft 530. This prevents the workpiece 120 placed between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300 from deviating from the axial direction of the workpiece 120 and the axial direction of the positioning wheel 300 due to the asynchronous rotation of the driving wheel 400, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven polishing quality of the workpiece 120.

[0063] Furthermore, a return spring 630 is connected between the first limiting plate 620 and the movable rod 510 .

[0064] The return spring 630 is sleeved on the limiting rod 610 , and both ends of the return spring 630 are fixedly connected to the first limiting plate 620 and the movable rod 510 respectively.

[0065] The setting of the return spring 630 ensures that when the workpiece 120 is removed from the frame 100 after being polished, the movable rod 510 and the driving wheel 400 on the movable rod 510, as well as the toothed disc 541 connected to the movable rod 510 can all return to their initial state, making it convenient to polish a new workpiece 120 next time.

[0066] At the same time, the return spring 630 can also limit the movable rod 510 and the driving wheel 400 . The return spring 630 can limit the movable rod 510 from moving freely on the plane 101 .

[0067] In some embodiments, a support plate 700 axially parallel to the workpiece 120 is provided between the positioning wheel 300 and the driving wheel 400 . The support plate 700 is mounted on the plane 101 of the frame 100 and is configured to carry the workpiece 120 .

[0068] The length direction of the support plate 700 is parallel to the axial direction of the workpiece 120, and both ends of the support plate 700 are fixed to the plane 101 of the frame 100 by second limit plates 710. When the workpiece 120 is placed between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300, the bottom end of the workpiece 120 can be against the support plate 700, preventing the workpiece 120 from directly contacting the synchronization rod 520, the rack 542, the toothed disc 541 or the synchronization articulated shaft 530 in the above-mentioned embodiment. As a result, the workpiece 120 will not vibrate due to contact with the rack 542, the toothed disc 541 or the synchronization articulated shaft 530, thereby improving the polishing quality of the workpiece 120.

[0069] Furthermore, a slope 102 is provided on the frame 100 , a support frame 800 is provided on the slope 102 , the polishing wheel 200 is rotatably provided on the support frame 800 , the driving mechanism 810 is provided on the support frame 800 , and the central axis of the polishing wheel 200 is parallel to the moving direction of the workpiece 120 .

[0070] The driving mechanism 810 includes a driving motor, a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a belt. The driving motor is installed on the support frame 800, and the driving wheel is installed on the output shaft of the driving motor. A connecting shaft parallel to the axial direction of the positioning wheel 300 is rotatably provided on the support frame 800. The polishing wheel 200 and the driven wheel are respectively fixed at both ends of the connecting shaft, and the belt is sleeved on the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

[0071] Specifically, the frame 100 is provided with an inclined plate, which is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate provided on the frame 100, and the outer side surface of the inclined plate is an inclined surface 102. A boundary line parallel to the axial direction of the workpiece 120 to be polished is formed between the plane 101 on the horizontal plate and the inclined surface 102 of the inclined plate. A sliding frame facing the plane 101 of the frame 100 is installed on the inclined surface 102, and the sliding frame is provided with a slideway perpendicular to the axial direction of the positioning wheel 300. The support frame 800 is slidably arranged in the slideway of the sliding frame. The sliding frame is provided with structural parts such as hooks to prevent the support frame 800 from sliding in the slideway, thereby preventing the support frame 800 from easily sliding toward the plane 101 of the frame 100, avoiding affecting the replacement of the workpiece 120, and thus slowing down the replacement and polishing speed of the workpiece 120.

[0072] Drive motor is positioned at buffing wheel 200 on supporting frame 800 and is away from a side of frame 100 planes 101. When drive motor is running, can drive driving wheel to rotate, and driving wheel drives driven wheel by belt to rotate, and driven wheel drives buffing wheel 200 by connecting shaft to rotate.Buffing wheel 200 is felt buffing wheel 200 or brush buffing wheel 200, and its wheel surface is soft structure, even therefore buffing wheel 200 is against on workpiece 120, the influence on the rotational speed of workpiece 120 is still smaller.The direction that buffing wheel 200 rotates is identical with the direction that positioning wheel 300 rotates, and buffing wheel 200, under the drive of belt, its rotating speed will be greater than the rotating speed of positioning wheel 300, so the rotational speed of buffing wheel 200 will be greater than the rotational speed of the workpiece 120 that positioning wheel 300 opposes, and there is a speed difference between the two.Therefore, when buffing wheel 200 contacts with workpiece 120, the outer surface of workpiece 120 can be polished.

[0073] On the other hand, when the polishing wheel 200 and the driving mechanism 810 that drives the polishing wheel 200 to rotate are both mounted on the support frame 800, the support frame 800 can slide along the inclined surface 102 toward the flat surface 101 of the frame 100 by virtue of its own weight and the weight of the various structural components mounted on the support frame 800. When a workpiece 120 is placed between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300 of the frame 100, the polishing wheel 200 on the support frame 800 can abut against the workpiece 120 and exert an oblique downward pressure on the workpiece 120, preventing the workpiece 120 from being separated from between the driving wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300 during polishing.

[0074] Of course, the inclined surface 102 of the frame 100 can also be provided with a driving member such as an electric push rod that can push the support frame 800 to slide in the slide, avoiding the need to manually pull the support frame 800 back to the initial position every time the workpiece 120 is replaced.

[0075] In some embodiments, three positioning wheels 300 and three driving wheels 400 are provided. The three positioning wheels 300 are coaxially arranged, and the centers of the three positioning wheels 300 are connected to the same rotating shaft 320. A motor 310 is mounted on the plane 101 of the frame 100. The motor 310 can be a servo motor 310. The output shaft of the motor 310 is coaxially arranged and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 320. The three driving wheels 400 are located on the same side of the three positioning wheels 300 and are evenly distributed along the axis parallel to the positioning wheels 300. The central axes of the three driving wheels 400 are arranged at an angle to the central axis of the positioning wheels 300.

[0076] Of the three positioning wheels 300, two are located near the two ends of the plane 101 of the frame 100 and are defined as the first positioning wheel 301 and the second positioning wheel 302. The other positioning wheel 300 is defined as the third positioning wheel 303. The third positioning wheel 303 is located between the first positioning wheel 301 and the second positioning wheel 302. The radius of the third positioning wheel 303 is smaller than the radius of the first positioning wheel 301 and the second positioning wheel 302.

[0077] Of the three drive wheels 400, two are located near the ends of the plane 101 of the frame 100 and are defined as the first drive wheel 401 and the second drive wheel 402, respectively. The other drive wheel 400 is defined as the third drive wheel 403. The third drive wheel 403 is located between the first drive wheel 401 and the second drive wheel 402, and its radius is smaller than the radius of the first drive wheels 401 and the second drive wheels 402 located on either side of it. In this embodiment, the three positioning wheels 300 correspond to the three drive wheels 400, respectively. The third drive wheel 403 is directly mounted on the upper surface of the toothed disc 541. Furthermore, the first positioning wheel 301, the first drive wheel 401, the second drive wheel 402, and the second positioning wheel 302 are all flexible wheels, i.e., the first positioning wheel 301, the first drive wheel 401, the second drive wheel 402, and the second positioning wheel 302 are all made of a relatively soft material, such as silicone. The third drive wheel 403 and the third positioning wheel 303 are rigid wheels, such as steel wheels.

[0078] When this embodiment is in operation, it is not only capable of performing surface polishing on a cylindrical workpiece 120 , but also capable of polishing a conical workpiece with a small generatrix inclination angle.

[0079] When polishing the surface of a conical workpiece, assume that the conical workpiece enters the polishing area of ​​the workpiece 120, i.e., the area between the third positioning wheel 303 and the third driving wheel 403, from the gap between the second positioning wheel 302 and the second driving wheel 402. The bottom generatrix of the conical workpiece directly abuts against the support plate 700. When the small end of the conical workpiece passes under the polishing wheel 200, the polishing wheel 200 polishes the small end of the conical workpiece. At this time, the portion of the conical workpiece between the second driving wheel 402 and the second positioning wheel 302 can press the flexible material on the wheel surfaces of the second positioning wheel 302 and the second driving wheel 402.

[0080] When the small end of the conical workpiece is placed between the third positioning wheel 303 and the third driving wheel 403, the second positioning wheel 302 and the third positioning wheel 303, which are in contact with the conical workpiece, provide rotational power for the conical workpiece. When the conical workpiece rotates, it can drive the corresponding second driving wheel 402 and the third driving wheel 403 to rotate. The rotation of the second driving wheel 402 and the third driving wheel 403 can drive the conical workpiece to move. When the conical workpiece moves, the polishing wheel 200 can polish the outer surface of the conical workpiece.

[0081] At the same time, when the conical workpiece moves, the distance between the second driving wheel 402 and the second positioning wheel 302 and the distance between the third driving wheel 403 and the third positioning wheel 303 can be adjusted in time according to the thickness (radius size) of the conical workpiece to ensure that the conical workpiece is polished more evenly.

[0082] When the small end of the conical workpiece moves to the gap between the first positioning wheel 301 and the first driving wheel 401, the small end of the conical workpiece just collides with the first positioning wheel 301 and the first driving wheel 401. Then, as the conical workpiece continues to move, the distance between the third positioning wheel 303 and the third driving wheel 403 in the polishing area can still be adaptively adjusted according to the thickness (radius size) of the conical workpiece at the corresponding position until the conical workpiece completely passes through the polishing wheel 200.

[0083] In this embodiment, although the radius of the second positioning wheel 302 and the second driving wheel 402 is larger than the radius of the third positioning wheel 303 and the third driving wheel 403, since the second positioning wheel 302 and the second driving wheel 402 are soft wheels, the conical workpiece can still be driven by the second driving wheel 402 and the third driving wheel 403, and during the movement of the conical workpiece, the distance between the third driving wheel 403 and the third positioning wheel 303 can be adaptively adjusted according to the thickness of the conical workpiece, thereby enabling the polishing wheel 200 to polish the outer surface of the conical workpiece more evenly, thereby improving the polishing quality of the conical workpiece.

[0084] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the movable rod 510 has two sliding holes extending parallel to its length, and the two sliding holes are symmetrically arranged about the center of the movable rod 510. Two synchronization rods 520 fixed to the bottom of the first drive wheel 401 and the second drive wheel 402 are respectively rotatably mounted on the movable rod 510 and slide along the length of the two sliding holes.

[0085] The synchronous articulated shaft 530 in this embodiment includes a positioning portion 533, a first telescopic portion 531, and a second telescopic portion 532. The positioning portion 533 is a straight rod of fixed length, and the first telescopic portion 531 and the second telescopic portion 532 are telescopic rods, respectively fixed to the ends of the positioning portion 533. The positioning portions 533 of the two synchronous articulated shafts 530 are both rotatably connected to the upper surface of the gear plate 541 and are respectively located on either side of the rotation center of the gear plate 541. The ends of the first telescopic portion 531 and the second telescopic portion 532 of each synchronous articulated shaft 530, which are separated from each other, are hinged to the corresponding ends of the synchronous rod 520 near the two ends of the frame 100.

[0086] The synchronization rod 520 connected to the first driving wheel 401 is defined as the first synchronization rod, the synchronization rod 520 connected to the second driving wheel 402 is defined as the second synchronization rod, the first telescopic portion 531 of the synchronization hinge shaft 530 is hinged to the first synchronization rod, and the second telescopic portion 532 of the synchronization hinge shaft 530 is hinged to the second synchronization rod.

[0087] In this embodiment, since the conical workpiece moves between the positioning wheel 300 and the driving wheel 400, the conical workpiece will squeeze the second positioning wheel 302, the second driving wheel 402, the first positioning wheel 301 and the first driving wheel 401. This squeezing may cause the second driving wheel 402 and the first driving wheel 401 to rotate on the movable rod 510, so that the inclination degree is no longer consistent with the inclination degree of the third driving wheel 403. Therefore, the first telescopic portion 531 connected to the first synchronization rod and the second telescopic portion 532 connected to the second synchronization rod can adaptively expand and contract when the conical workpiece moves. At the same time, the first synchronization rod and the second synchronization rod slidably connected to the movable rod 510 can also adaptively slide according to the movement of the conical workpiece, so that the inclination degrees of the three driving wheels 400 are consistent, so that when the conical workpiece passes through the polishing wheel 200, the outer surface of the conical workpiece is polished more evenly, so that the polishing quality of the conical workpiece of the present invention is better.

[0088] Different from the above embodiment, the first positioning wheel 301 and the second positioning wheel 302 in this embodiment are both sleeved on the rotating shaft 320, the third positioning wheel 303 is fixed on the rotating shaft 320, and the first positioning wheel 301 and the second positioning wheel 302 are both connected to the rotating shaft 320 through a torsion spring.

[0089] When a conical workpiece is placed between the positioning wheel 300 and the driving wheel 400, and the motor 310 drives the rotating shaft 320 to rotate, assuming that the moving direction of the conical workpiece on the frame 100 is from the second positioning wheel 302 to the first positioning wheel 301, at this time, the third positioning wheel 303 drives the conical workpiece to rotate.

[0090] The linear velocity of the portion of the conical workpiece corresponding to the first positioning wheel 301 is set to V1, the linear speed of the portion of the conical workpiece corresponding to the second positioning wheel 302 is set to V2, and the linear speed of the portion of the workpiece 120 corresponding to the third positioning wheel 303 is set to V3. The angular velocity of the workpiece 120 when rotated by the third positioning wheel 303 is a constant value, so V2>V3>V1. The workpiece 120 at the second positioning wheel 302 may drive the second positioning wheel 302 to rotate due to the greater linear velocity, thereby increasing the speed of the second positioning wheel 302. Because the radius of the second positioning wheel 302 is greater than the radius of the third positioning wheel 303, even if the speed of the second positioning wheel 302 increases, the increase will not be significant. If the second positioning wheel 302 is fixed on the rotating shaft 320, the rotating shaft 320 will inevitably be subjected to a certain torsion, which can reduce the structural strength and service life of the rotating shaft 320; and if a torsion spring is provided between the second positioning wheel 302 and the rotating shaft 320, the torsion spring can reduce part of the torsion, which is conducive to stabilizing the structural strength of the rotating shaft 320, thereby increasing the service life of the present invention.

[0091] Similarly, the linear velocity of the conical workpiece at the first positioning wheel 301 is smaller. If the first positioning wheel 301 is fixed on the rotating shaft 320, the rotating shaft 320 will also be subjected to a certain torque. The torsion spring arranged between the first positioning wheel 301 and the rotating shaft 320 can slow down or supplement part of the torque, which is beneficial to stabilizing the structural strength of the rotating shaft 320, and thus can also improve the service life of the present invention.

[0092] In summary, the connection between the first and second positioning wheels 301, 302, and the rotating shaft 320 via a torsion spring allows for smoother polishing of the workpiece 120 and a longer lifespan. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the conical workpieces each have a certain length, and before the torsion springs are twisted to their limit, the conical workpieces can be disengaged from between the drive wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300, completing polishing and preventing torsion spring failure. When the conical workpiece is disengaged from the drive wheel 400 and the positioning wheel 300, the torsion springs, due to their restoring force, return to their original shape.

[0093] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surface treatment equipment for machining mechanical parts, used for polishing cylindrical workpieces and conical workpieces with small generatrix inclination angles, characterized in that: include: frame; The polishing wheel is slidably arranged on the frame and is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism; Positioning wheels, which are mounted on the frame. There are at least two positioning wheels, which are coaxially arranged and driven to rotate by a motor; A driving wheel is elastically slidably arranged on the frame in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the positioning wheel. At least two driving wheels are provided. The driving wheels are parallel to each other and are evenly distributed on one side of the positioning wheel in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the positioning wheel. The driving wheels are inclined relative to the positioning wheel. The adjustment mechanism includes a movable rod, a synchronous rod, a synchronous hinge shaft, and a transmission assembly. The movable rod is slidably arranged on the frame in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the positioning wheel. The synchronous rod is rotatably arranged on the movable rod. There are multiple synchronous rods and they are parallel to each other. There are two synchronous hinge shafts. The two synchronous hinge shafts are respectively hinged to the two ends of the multiple synchronous rods. The transmission assembly is arranged on the movable rod and is configured to adjust the inclination angle of the driving wheel according to the movement distance of the movable rod. The workpiece is arranged between the positioning wheel and the driving wheel and contacts the polishing wheel. There is an initial angle between the axial direction of the driving wheel and the axial direction of the positioning wheel. There are three positioning wheels and three driving wheels. Among the three positioning wheels, two are close to the two ends of the frame, and the other positioning wheel is located between the other two positioning wheels. The radius of the positioning wheel in the middle is smaller than the radius of the positioning wheels on both sides of it. Among the three driving wheels, two are close to the two ends of the frame, and the other driving wheel is located between the other two driving wheels. The radius of the driving wheel in the middle is smaller than the radius of the driving wheels on both sides thereof. The driving wheels and positioning wheels near both ends of the frame are soft wheels; The transmission assembly includes a gear disc and a rack. The gear disc is rotatably mounted on a movable rod. The rack is mounted on a frame and located on one side of the gear disc. The rack is engaged with the gear disc. Two synchronous hinge shafts are respectively located on both sides of the rotation center of the gear disc and are rotatably connected to the upper surface of the gear disc. The synchronization rod slides and rotates along the length direction of the movable rod and is set on the movable rod. The synchronization hinge shaft includes a positioning part, a first telescopic part and a second telescopic part. The positioning parts of the two synchronization hinge shafts are rotatably connected to the gear plate and are respectively located on both sides of the rotation center of the gear plate. The first telescopic part and the second telescopic part of each synchronization hinge shaft are respectively connected to the two ends of the corresponding positioning part, and the two ends of the first telescopic part and the second telescopic part are respectively hinged to the corresponding ends of the synchronization rods close to the two ends of the frame.

2. The surface treatment equipment for machining mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is provided with a limit assembly, which includes a limit rod and a first limit plate. The first limit plate is fixed on the frame, the limit rod is fixed on the side of the first limit plate facing the movable rod, and the limit rod is slidably connected to the movable rod along a length direction perpendicular to the movable rod.

3. The surface treatment equipment for machining mechanical parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: A return spring is connected between the first limiting plate and the movable rod.

4. The surface treatment equipment for machining mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support plate parallel to the workpiece axis is provided between the positioning wheel and the driving wheel. The support plate is mounted on the frame and is configured to carry the workpiece.

5. The surface treatment equipment for machining mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is provided with an inclined plane, the inclined plane is provided with a support frame, the polishing wheel is rotatably arranged on the support frame, the driving mechanism is arranged on the support frame, and the rotating center axis of the polishing wheel is parallel to the axial direction of the positioning wheel.

6. The surface treatment equipment for machining mechanical parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a belt. The driving motor is installed on the support frame, the driving wheel is installed on the output shaft of the driving motor, and a connecting shaft parallel to the axial direction of the positioning wheel is rotatably provided on the support frame. The polishing wheel and the driven wheel are respectively fixed at both ends of the connecting shaft, and the belt is sleeved on the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

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