A waste incineration gas purification device for preventing atmospheric pollution

Abstract

The application discloses a garbage incineration gas purification device for preventing air pollution, and belongs to the technical field of energy saving and environmental protection. The device comprises a shell, an open end of the shell is provided with an opening, a lower end of the shell is provided with a water permeable hole, and a sidewall of the shell is provided with an exhaust pipe. A vertical pipe is connected to the opening. An upper end of the vertical pipe is used for air inlet, a lower end of the vertical pipe is communicated with an internal space of the shell, an air baffle is arranged above the water permeable hole, a plurality of first nozzles are arranged in the vertical pipe, and a plurality of second nozzles are arranged on an inner wall of the shell. The garbage incineration gas purification device for preventing air pollution drives gas dispersion by cooperation of the eccentric rotating vertical pipe and the cover, combines with the spiral distributed nozzle layout, prolongs the contact time of the gas and the purification liquid, and improves the mixing uniformity, and has the advantages of prolonging the contact time of the gas and the liquid and improving the mixing uniformity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy conservation and environmental protection technology, and in particular relates to a waste incineration gas purification device for preventing air pollution. Background Technology

[0002] Municipal solid waste incineration is an important method of waste treatment, but the incineration process is difficult to control and easily causes air pollution. Current incinerators suffer from problems such as unstable fuel calorific value and improper fuel-air ratios, leading to fluctuations in combustion conditions and unstable main steam flow. Simultaneously, uneven fuel bed formation and flame deviation frequently occur, causing boiler load fluctuations and the risk of fuel shortages, resulting in the generation of large amounts of harmful substances such as dioxins and nitrogen oxides, affecting compliance with environmental emission standards. Even with optimized combustion control, incineration gases still contain a large amount of pollutants; untreated emissions will exacerbate air pollution and threaten ecology and health. Therefore, efficient purification of waste incineration gases has become a key challenge in the environmental protection field.

[0003] Currently, some waste incineration gas purification devices employ multi-nozzle atomization. However, these devices still have significant shortcomings: Firstly, due to the relatively concentrated nozzle layout, the gas residence time in the atomization zone is short, resulting in insufficient contact time between pollutants and atomized droplets. A large number of pollutants are discharged with the airflow before being fully captured, greatly limiting purification efficiency. Secondly, while multiple nozzles increase the number of atomized droplets, limitations such as fixed nozzle spray angles and low overlap of atomization zones prevent sufficient spatial mixing of the gas and liquid phases, creating numerous purification blind spots and resulting in poor capture of fine particulate matter and harmful gases. Furthermore, when treating high-concentration, high-flow-rate incineration gases, a single atomization zone cannot handle the excessive gas-liquid reaction demand, further reducing pollutant removal efficiency and failing to meet environmental emission standards.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a waste incineration gas purification device to prevent air pollution and solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of purification blind spots and low efficiency in removing pollutants in existing purification devices, and to propose a waste incineration gas purification device to prevent air pollution.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A waste incineration gas purification device for preventing air pollution includes a housing, the upper end of which has an opening and the lower end has a water permeable hole, and an exhaust pipe is provided on the side wall of the housing.

[0008] A vertical pipe is connected to the opening. The upper end of the vertical pipe is used for air intake, and the lower end of the vertical pipe is connected to the internal space of the shell. An air baffle is provided above the water-permeable hole. Multiple first nozzles are provided inside the vertical pipe, and multiple second nozzles are provided on the inner wall of the shell.

[0009] Preferably, a cover is sealed inside the opening, and an air inlet is provided on the cover. The upper end of the vertical pipe is fixedly connected to the lower end of the cover and communicates with the air inlet.

[0010] Preferably, the opening is circular, the cover is disc-shaped, and the cover is coaxially rotatably installed inside the opening. The air inlet is located at the center of the cover, and the upper end of the vertical tube is fixedly connected to the eccentric position of the cover. When the cover rotates around its axis, the vertical tube performs an eccentric rotational motion.

[0011] Preferably, a rotary joint is installed inside the air inlet.

[0012] Preferably, the housing has an annular groove on the inner wall near the filter hole, the cross-section of the annular groove is C-shaped, the air baffle is a conical structure with a smaller top and a larger bottom, and the lower edge of the air baffle is located inside the annular groove.

[0013] Preferably, the position of the second nozzle is lower than the position of the exhaust pipe.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a vertical pole detachably connected to the housing, with multiple first nozzles mounted on the side wall of the vertical pole, and the air baffle detachably connected to the vertical pole.

[0015] Preferably, each first nozzle is arranged in pairs and opposite to each other, and the first nozzles in each group are equidistant along the length of the pole.

[0016] Preferably, each of the second nozzles is equidistant in the vertical direction and arranged in a circular array around the axis of the housing in the horizontal direction, so that the multiple second nozzles are spirally distributed on the inner wall of the housing.

[0017] Preferably, the first nozzle is a spiral nozzle or a fan-shaped nozzle.

[0018] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: This waste incineration gas purification device for preventing air pollution uses an eccentrically rotating vertical pipe and a cover to drive gas dispersion, combined with a spirally distributed nozzle layout, to extend the contact time between the gas and the purification liquid and improve the mixing uniformity. It has the advantages of extending the gas-liquid contact time and improving the mixing uniformity. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first nozzle, the vertical pipe, and the second nozzle in this invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the position distribution of the second nozzle in this invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Shell; 11. Air inlet; 12. Exhaust pipe; 13. Water permeable hole; 2. Cover; 21. Rotary joint; 3. Vertical pipe; 4. Upright pole; 5. Air baffle; 6. First nozzle; 7. Second nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0025] In traditional waste incineration gas purification systems, multi-nozzle atomization treatment faces technical bottlenecks such as short gas residence time and insufficient gas-liquid mixing. The nozzle layout, concentrated within the vertical airflow channel, results in significant differences in the spatial distribution of atomized droplets, preventing multi-dimensional contact between the gas and droplets during longitudinal flow. The fixed nozzle spray angle further limits the coverage area of ​​the atomization zone. When the gas flow rate exceeds a critical value, the atomized droplet density decreases exponentially with increasing flow velocity, causing a large number of pollutants to leave the purification zone without undergoing effective gas-liquid mass transfer. This deficiency directly leads to a decrease in the unit volume capture efficiency of pollutants such as dioxins and nitrogen oxides below the critical threshold, making it difficult to meet dynamically changing emission standards.

[0026] For example, in a typical waste incineration plant's vertical purification tower, atomizing nozzles are arranged in a linear array along the tower's axis. When the gas flow rate reaches 12,000 m³ / h, the average residence time of the gas within the tower is reduced to 2.3 seconds, while the theoretical time for complete gas-liquid mixing is at least 4.5 seconds. The high-speed airflow forms a laminar flow state within the vertical channel, resulting in insufficient turbulence in the horizontal direction. This causes over 60% of the atomized droplets to concentrate in the central area of ​​the tower, creating a purification blind zone up to 0.8 meters wide at the edges. Especially when processing complex components containing heavy metal particles, submicron-sized particles that haven't fully contacted the atomization layer penetrate the atomization layer and are ultimately discharged as aerosols with the exhaust gas.

[0027] If the above problems are not addressed, the continued decline in pollutant capture efficiency will lead to dioxin concentrations in emissions exceeding limits. The long-term existence of purification blind spots will render more than 30% of the treatment equipment volume ineffective, forcing the system to maintain processing capacity by increasing equipment size, resulting in a non-linear increase in floor space and construction costs.

[0028] Faced with the aforementioned problems, this application first considers how to extend the residence time of gas in the purification area and eliminate purification blind spots. By analyzing the problem of low overlap of atomization areas caused by the concentrated arrangement of nozzles in the prior art, this application attempts to construct a multi-dimensional atomization structure. Vertical airflow channels easily form a laminar flow state, while horizontally diffused airflow paths can promote turbulent mixing. Therefore, it is envisioned that nozzle systems be set inside the airflow channels and circumferentially around the casing, increasing the probability of gas-liquid contact through atomization coverage at different spatial levels. Simultaneously, to prevent direct gas escape, a blocking structure needs to be set at the end of the airflow to force the gas to change its direction of movement and increase residence time.

[0029] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a waste incineration gas purification device for preventing air pollution includes a housing 1. The housing 1 has an opening at its upper end and a water permeable hole 13 at its lower end. An exhaust pipe 12 is provided on the side wall of the housing 1. A vertical pipe 3 is connected to the opening. The upper end of the vertical pipe 3 is used for air intake, and the lower end of the vertical pipe 3 is connected to the internal space of the housing 1. An air baffle 5 is provided above the water permeable hole 13. Multiple first nozzles 6 are provided inside the vertical pipe 3, and multiple second nozzles 7 are provided on the inner wall of the housing 1.

[0030] The upper opening of the shell 1 is used to receive the combustion gas, the lower water permeable hole 13 is used to discharge the purified liquid, and the side wall exhaust pipe 12 is used to discharge the purified gas. The shell 1 provides a closed space for gas-liquid contact and realizes directional gas flow.

[0031] In this embodiment, the vertical pipe 3 refers to a vertical pipe structure that connects to the opening at the upper end of the housing 1. It can be fixed to the opening by means of flange connection or welding. The upper end of the vertical pipe 3 is connected to an external air intake device, and the lower end extends to the bottom of the housing 1. As an air intake channel, the vertical pipe 3 guides the combustion gas into the bottom of the housing 1, forcing the gas to flow from top to bottom first and then from bottom to top, increasing the chance of contact with the purified droplets.

[0032] The air baffle 5 is a flow guiding component installed above the water permeable hole 13. It can be conical or umbrella-shaped, with its lower edge forming an annular gap with the inner wall of the housing 1. The air baffle 5 prevents gas from escaping directly through the water permeable hole 13 and forces the gas to diffuse laterally, allowing the purified liquid to flow downwards from the water permeable hole 13 along the air baffle 5. The design of the air baffle 5 prolongs the residence time of pollutants in the purification area.

[0033] The first nozzle 6 refers to the atomizing device installed inside the vertical pipe 3. Specifically, it can be a spiral nozzle or a fan-shaped nozzle. The spiral nozzle sprays a hollow cone-shaped mist with relatively uniform droplet size, forming a continuous, hollow cone within the spray area. The fan-shaped nozzle sprays a flat, fan-shaped mist with a larger spray angle. Multiple first nozzles 6 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the vertical pipe 3. The first nozzles 6 spray the purifying liquid into the vertical pipe 3 to form a longitudinal atomization band, allowing the descending gas to undergo an initial contact reaction with the liquid droplets inside the vertical pipe 3.

[0034] The second nozzle 7 refers to the atomizing device distributed on the inner wall of the housing 1. Specifically, it can be a rotary or fixed nozzle. Multiple second nozzles 7 are arranged in an array along the circumference and height of the housing 1. The second nozzles 7 spray droplets into the central area of ​​the housing 1 to form an annular atomizing layer, which performs secondary purification treatment on the laterally diffused gas.

[0035] The core innovation of this application lies in forming a composite flow path of vertical downward and horizontal diffusion by combining the vertical pipe 3 and the shell 1. Combined with the two-stage atomization structure of the first nozzle 6 inside the vertical pipe 3 and the second nozzle 7 on the inner wall of the shell 1, the residence time of gas in the purification area is extended, the atomization blind zone is eliminated, and the uniformity of gas-liquid mixing is enhanced, thereby improving the pollutant capture efficiency.

[0036] The working process and principle of this application are as follows: This device extends the gas residence time and enhances the purification effect by constructing a multi-stage gas-liquid mixing structure. The upper opening of the shell 1 and the vertical pipe 3 form a vertical airflow channel, allowing the gas to form a top-to-bottom flow path within the vertical pipe 3. The gas enters from the upper end of the vertical pipe 3, undergoes preliminary purification by multiple first nozzles 6 inside the vertical pipe 3, and then enters the internal space of the shell 1 from the lower end of the vertical pipe 3. The gas baffle 5 is located above the water permeable hole 13 to prevent the gas from escaping directly from the water permeable hole, while guiding the gas to diffuse laterally. The gas forms a bottom-to-top flow inside the shell, undergoes secondary purification by multiple second nozzles 7 on the inner wall of the shell 1, and finally exits from the exhaust pipe 12 on the side wall.

[0037] Through the above-described scheme, this application extends the residence time of gas in the purification zone, improves the adequacy of gas-liquid contact, and eliminates purification blind spots. The first nozzle 6 inside the vertical pipe 3 and the second nozzle 7 on the inner wall of the shell 1 form a multi-dimensional atomization structure, increasing the probability of gas-liquid contact. The gas baffle 5 forces the gas to change its direction of movement, further increasing the residence time. Multi-stage purification and three-dimensional atomization coverage improve the capture efficiency of pollutants and effectively solve the technical problems of short gas residence time, insufficient gas-liquid contact, and the existence of purification blind spots in the traditional waste incineration gas purification process.

[0038] To improve airtightness, a cover 2 is installed inside the opening, with an air inlet 11 on the cover 2. The upper end of the vertical pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the cover 2 and communicates with the air inlet 11. The cover 2 and the opening can be sealed using a flange sealing structure or a rubber sealing ring. The flange connection surface can have an annular groove filled with high-temperature resistant sealant. The vertical pipe 3 and the cover 2 can be fixedly connected using welding or bolt fastening. Double weld seams can be provided at the welded areas to enhance airtightness.

[0039] In another embodiment, the opening is circular, the cover 2 is disc-shaped and coaxially rotatable within the opening, the air inlet 11 is located at the center of the cover 2, and the upper end of the vertical pipe 3 is fixedly connected to an eccentric position of the cover 2. When the cover 2 rotates around its axis, the vertical pipe 3 rotates eccentrically. For example, the cover 2 can be driven to rotate by a motor, and the rotation speed can be adjusted according to actual needs. The vertical pipe 3 can be fixed to the eccentric position of the cover 2 by bolts or welding. The air inlet 11 can be circular, and its diameter can be selected according to the actual gas flow rate. The air inlet 11 is kept in communication with the upper end of the vertical pipe 3. A sealing ring can be provided between the cover 2 and the opening to ensure airtightness.

[0040] Through the above technical solution, this application can change the initial flow direction of gas after it enters the housing 1. The periodic eccentric rotation of the vertical pipe 3 causes the gas to form a spiral or wave-shaped diffusion path within the vertical pipe 3 and the housing 1, prolonging the contact time between the gas and the atomized droplets and expanding the atomization coverage area. The dynamically changing flow trajectory can disrupt the dead zones of gas-liquid mixing in a fixed flow pattern, improving purification uniformity and reducing pollutant escape. The eccentric rotation of the vertical pipe 3 can also change the effective range of the first nozzle 6 and the second nozzle 7, further increasing the gas-liquid contact area. This structural design can effectively solve problems such as a single gas flow path and limited diffusion direction of atomized droplets, forming a dynamically changing mixing area, improving the contact uniformity between the gas and the atomized droplets, and reducing blind spots in purification effect.

[0041] Since the cover 2 is rotatable, a rotary joint 21 is installed inside the air inlet 11 to improve the sealing between the external air inlet pipe and the air inlet 11. The rotary joint 21 includes a fixed outer shell and a rotatable inner core. The fixed outer shell is connected to the air inlet 11, and the rotatable inner core is connected to the external air inlet pipe. A sealing ring is provided between the fixed outer shell and the rotatable inner core. The internal structure of the rotary joint can employ a ball bearing design to reduce friction and improve rotational flexibility.

[0042] In some of the solutions described above in this application, the distance between the air baffle 5 and the housing 1 is relatively close, especially the poor flow from the bottom of the housing 1 to the water permeable hole 13, which may cause solid particles in the purification liquid to be unable to be discharged in time. At the same time, a purification blind zone may be formed at the bottom of the housing 1, causing solid particles to accumulate and block the flow.

[0043] In this regard, this application further proposes that an annular groove is formed on the inner wall of the housing 1 near the filter hole 1. The cross-section of the annular groove is C-shaped, and the air baffle 5 is a conical structure with a smaller top and a larger bottom, with the lower edge of the air baffle 5 located inside the annular groove. The C-shaped cross-section of the annular groove 1 can be achieved through a groove wall structure with a rounded transition. The groove width can be controlled between 5-10 mm, and the groove depth can be set to 3-5 mm, facilitating the flow of liquid along the groove wall. The cone angle of the conical structure of the air baffle 5 can be set to 30-60 degrees, forming a gradually expanding space with an angle of 15-25 degrees with the inner wall of the housing 1. The opening direction of the annular groove can be upward or sideways, for example, an arrangement with the opening tilted upward at 30 degrees, allowing the liquid to flow naturally downward under gravity, more smoothly entering the permeable hole, reducing dead angles, and avoiding blockage.

[0044] In addition, when the gas enters the shell from the vertical pipe 3, it is forced to diffuse in all directions by the guiding effect of the conical air baffle 5. At this time, the liquid accumulated in the annular groove on the inner wall of the shell 1 forms a liquid seal barrier. The liquid seal barrier can not only prevent the gas from escaping, but also capture fine pollutants through liquid film adsorption, thereby increasing the residence time of the gas in the atomization area by 20%-30%.

[0045] To prevent spray droplets from entering the exhaust pipe 12 prematurely with the airflow and escaping, the second nozzle 7 is positioned lower than the exhaust pipe 12.

[0046] This application also includes a pole 4 detachably connected to the housing 1, a plurality of first nozzles 6 being mounted on the side wall of the pole 4, and an air baffle 5 detachably connected to the pole 4.

[0047] The upright 4 is detachably connected to the housing 1 via a threaded or snap-fit ​​structure, with the connection interface located at the bottom base of the housing 1. The first nozzle 6 is fixed to the side wall of the upright 4 via a mounting base. The air baffle 5 is fixed to the upright 4 using a clamp-type connector, which can move axially along the upright with a travel range of 50-200mm, and is locked in place by a locating pin. Multiple first nozzles 6 are arranged in layers along the upright axially at intervals of 200-400mm, with two circumferentially distributed nozzles in each layer, and adjacent layers staggered. A liquid delivery channel can be integrated inside the upright 4, and the channel is connected to each first nozzle 6 via a quick-release connector.

[0048] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves a modular design for the first nozzle 6 and the air baffle 5, facilitating disassembly and maintenance. The upright 4, as the core support structure, integrates multiple first nozzles 6 and air baffles 5, and can be removed entirely from the housing 1, simplifying cleaning, replacement, and maintenance processes. Multiple first nozzles 6 are distributed along the sidewall of the upright 4, forming a longitudinal atomization layer, expanding the gas-liquid contact area and reducing purification blind spots. The detachable design of the first nozzles 6 allows for adjustment of nozzle spacing and angle according to actual working conditions, optimizing the atomization coverage. The position of the air baffle 5 is flexibly adjustable; by changing its height or tilt angle, it effectively guides the mixing path of airflow and atomized droplets, avoiding airflow short-circuiting or local eddies, and improving pollutant capture efficiency. This modular structure enhances the adaptability of the device, allowing for flexible adjustment of the layout of the first nozzles 6 and the position of the air baffle 5 according to different gas flow rates and pollutant concentrations, improving the stability and reliability of the purification effect.

[0049] Furthermore, each first nozzle 6 is arranged in pairs and opposite to each other. For example, each group of first nozzles 6 is symmetrically distributed at 180° on both sides of the upright 4, so that the droplet spray path forms a cross-coverage in the cross section of the vertical pipe 3. Each group of first nozzles 6 is equidistant along the length of the upright 4. For example, a group is set at 500mm intervals to form a uniformly distributed atomized layer in the vertical direction.

[0050] Specifically, after the gas enters the vertical pipe 3, it flows longitudinally. The first nozzles 6, arranged in opposite groups, synchronously spray droplets, forming a symmetrical atomized coverage across the cross-section of the vertical pipe 3. The droplets collide and mix in the central region of the vertical pipe 3 through their relative spray paths, enhancing the gas-liquid contact area. The groups of 6 first nozzles, equidistantly distributed along the upright 4, form a continuous atomized layer. As the gas flows through each atomized layer, it is enveloped by newly injected droplets.

[0051] Each second nozzle 7 is equidistantly distributed vertically and arranged in a circular array around the axis of the housing 1 horizontally, so that multiple second nozzles 7 are spirally distributed on the inner wall of the housing 1. The vertically equidistant spacing can be controlled within the range of 200-500 mm, for example, a 300 mm interval can be used to achieve multi-layer coverage; the number of nozzles in the horizontal circular array can be set to 12, with a central angle of 30 degrees between adjacent nozzles. The installation angle of the second nozzle 7 can be set to tilt upwards at 15-30 degrees, forming an angle with the direction of gas rise. The atomization cone angle of the second nozzle 7 can be selected from 60-120 degrees, for example, a 90-degree coverage can be used to achieve superposition of adjacent nozzle areas.

[0052] Specifically, after the gas enters the shell 1 through the vertical pipe 3, it forms a swirling motion under the guidance of a spirally distributed array of nozzles. The nozzle groups within each vertical layer generate a circumferential atomizing curtain through a circumferential array, and the spiral spacing between adjacent vertical layers creates continuous coverage in the height direction. The jet trajectory of the atomized droplets forms a spiral channel in space, forcing the gas to extend its flow path by 1.5-2.8 times along this channel. The tilt angle of the second nozzle 7 causes the atomized droplets to generate a tangential velocity component, forming convective mixing with the rising gas. When the vertical pipe 3 rotates eccentrically, the phase difference between its trajectory and the spiral distribution of the nozzles creates dynamic interference, resulting in periodically varying mixing intensity. Experimental data shows that this structure can increase PM2.5 capture efficiency to 92-96%, nitrogen oxide removal rate to 85-89%, and extend gas residence time to 2.3-3.1 seconds.

[0053] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste incineration gas purification device for preventing atmospheric pollution, comprising a housing, characterized by, The upper end of the shell is provided with an opening, the lower end is provided with a water-permeable hole, and a side wall of the shell is provided with an exhaust pipe; A vertical pipe is in communication with the opening, an upper end of the vertical pipe is used for air intake, a lower end of the vertical pipe is in communication with an internal space of the shell, an upper portion of the water-permeable hole is provided with a gas baffle, and the internal portion of the vertical pipe is provided with a plurality of first spray heads, and an inner wall of the shell is provided with a plurality of second spray heads; A cover is sealingly installed in the opening, the cover is provided with an air inlet, an upper end of the vertical pipe is fixedly connected to a lower end of the cover and is in communication with the air inlet, the opening is circular, the cover is disc-shaped, the cover is coaxially rotatably installed in the opening, the air inlet is arranged at the center of the cover, and the upper end of the vertical pipe is fixedly connected to an eccentric position of the cover, when the cover rotates around the axis, the vertical pipe performs eccentric rotation.

2. The garbage incineration gas purification device for preventing atmospheric pollution according to claim 1, characterized by A rotary joint is installed in the air inlet.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein An annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the shell near the filter hole, a cross section of the annular groove is C-shaped, the gas baffle is a conical structure with a small upper portion and a large lower portion, and a lower edge of the gas baffle is located in the annular groove.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The position of the second spray head is lower than that of the exhaust pipe.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein A vertical rod is detachably connected in the outer shell, a plurality of the first spray heads are installed on the side wall of the vertical rod, and the gas baffle is detachably connected to the vertical rod.

6. The garbage incineration gas purification device for preventing atmospheric pollution according to claim 5, characterized by Each of the first spray heads is arranged in a pair and is oppositely arranged, and each pair of the first spray heads is equidistantly arranged along the length direction of the vertical rod.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein Each of the second spray heads is equidistantly distributed in the vertical direction and is circumferentially arranged around the axis of the shell in the horizontal direction, so that the plurality of second spray heads are spirally distributed on the inner wall of the shell.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The first spray head adopts a spiral nozzle or a fan-shaped nozzle.

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