PSI5 decoding method

Abstract

The invention discloses a PSI5 decoding method, and relates to the technical field of PSI5 decoding, a main chip sends a PWM signal to enable a PSI5 conversion module to generate a synchronization pulse, a sensor detects the synchronization pulse and then fills fluctuating current data, a current comparison module converts the fluctuating current data into a digital voltage signal, a voltage output module amplifies the digital voltage signal and then sends the digital voltage signal to a main chip universal port, and the PSI5 conversion module outputs the digital voltage signal to the main chip universal port. The main chip detects the level of a port through a timed task, and Manchester soft decoding is carried out to obtain data. The method has obvious advantages, the dependence on a special decoding chip is eliminated, the cost is reduced, data can be analyzed by using a general interface of a main chip, the requirement on the main chip is reduced, the system performance is improved by software decoding, and the control real-time performance and the control effect are improved in applications such as an electric control suspension and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of PSI5 decoding, and in particular to a PSI5 decoding method. Background Art

[0002] In automotive electronic control systems, efficient communication between sensors and controllers is crucial. This is where PSI5 (Peripheral Sensor Interface 5) communication technology comes in. Initially used for airbag acceleration sensors, it has gained widespread adoption in automotive sensor communication with the development of technologies like electronically controlled suspension.

[0003] PSI5 utilizes current carrier communication technology, offering numerous advantages over traditional analog or PWM (square wave) communication. For example, it streamlines wiring, requiring only a single wire between the controller and sensor. Sensors can also be connected in parallel on the same channel, effectively reducing wiring complexity and costs. Furthermore, as digital signal transmission, it offers strong anti-interference capabilities, a data bit count of up to 16 bits, and high transmission accuracy. Traditional communication methods are susceptible to interference during signal transmission, leading to impedance variations, reduced accuracy, and low data resolution.

[0004] However, existing PSI5 decoding solutions have significant drawbacks. First, the controller relies on specialized decoding chips, which are not only costly but also subject to significant supply uncertainty, placing cost pressure and supply chain risks on automakers. Second, the decoding chip communicates with the main chip via the SPI / IIC / PSI5 interface. The large amount of data transmission consumes main chip resources, forcing the main chip to use more expensive, higher-performance models, further increasing controller costs and limiting the application and promotion of this technology in a wider range of scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention proposes a PSI5 decoding method to solve the problems mentioned in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A PSI5 decoding method comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1: Generate synchronous pulse: The main chip sends a PWM signal, which is transmitted to the pulse generation module of the PSI5 conversion module. After receiving the signal, the pulse generation module modulates the synchronous pulse signal based on the stable 5V voltage output by the linear voltage regulator module.

[0009] S2: Sensor data filling: After the PSI5 sensor detects the synchronization pulse signal, it fills the fluctuating current representing the measurement data after the synchronization pulse signal. Here, an adaptive data filling algorithm is used to dynamically adjust the filling time interval according to the changing frequency of the sensor data. The calculation formula is: Where T is the filling time interval, f data is the frequency of sensor data change, k is the adjustment coefficient;

[0010] S3: Current-to-voltage conversion: The current comparison module compares the received fluctuating current containing sensor data with the reference current and converts this fluctuation into a digital voltage signal;

[0011] S4: Voltage signal amplification and output: The voltage output module amplifies the received digital voltage signal. The amplification factor is determined by the formula according to the input requirements of the main chip. Calculated, where G is the magnification, V max Is the maximum voltage that the main chip universal port can receive, V input It is the amplitude of the current digital voltage signal. The amplified signal is output to the general port of the main chip.

[0012] S5: Manchester soft decoding: The main chip starts the timing task, detects the level change of the universal port during the task cycle, performs soft decoding according to the Manchester encoding rules, and parses the data transmitted by the sensor.

[0013] Furthermore, the method also includes a step of collecting voltage on the main chip for fault diagnosis. The main chip collects the voltage output by the PSI5 conversion module through the ADC channel and sets the voltage threshold range V min -V max When the collected voltage exceeds this range, it is determined that there is a fault, and according to the direction and magnitude of the excess, the fault diagnosis formula is used. Calculate the severity of the fault, where V is the acquisition voltage, V avg It is the average value of normal voltage and triggers different levels of alarms according to the severity of the fault.

[0014] Furthermore, the method further includes a data verification step. After the data is obtained by Manchester soft decoding, the data is verified using a CRC cyclic redundancy check algorithm. The generating polynomial is G(x)=x 8 +x 2 +x+1, calculate the CRC check code of the data and compare it with the check code sent by the sensor. If they are inconsistent, the sensor is required to resend the data.

[0015] Furthermore, in the step of generating synchronous pulses, phase compensation technology is used to calculate the phase compensation value according to the line length and signal attenuation of the PWM signal transmission. Where f is the PWM signal frequency, L is the transmission line length, and v is the signal transmission speed, which adjusts the trigger time of the pulse generation module.

[0016] Furthermore, in the current-voltage conversion step, a dynamic reference current adjustment technology is used to adjust the reference current according to the ambient temperature and power supply voltage fluctuation factors through the formula I refnew =I refold (1+α(T-T0)+β(V-V0)) adjusts the reference current, where I refnew is the adjusted reference current, I refold is the initial reference current, α and β are the adjustment coefficients for temperature and voltage respectively, T and T0 are the current and standard temperature, and V and V0 are the current and standard supply voltage.

[0017] Furthermore, in the voltage signal amplification and output step, an automatic gain control circuit is used, which monitors the amplitude of the output voltage in real time. When the amplitude is lower than the set lower limit, the amplification factor is automatically increased; when the amplitude is higher than the set upper limit, the amplification factor is automatically reduced.

[0018] Furthermore, in the Manchester soft decoding step, a sliding window algorithm is used to improve decoding efficiency. A fixed-size sliding window is set with an N-bit data length. One bit of data is moved each time, and Manchester decoding is performed within the window to reduce unnecessary calculations.

[0019] Furthermore, in the fault diagnosis step, a fault prediction model is used to collect historical fault data and corresponding voltage acquisition data, and a fault prediction model is trained through a machine learning algorithm. When collecting voltage data in real time, the model predicts faults and takes measures in advance to avoid faults.

[0020] Furthermore, in the data verification step, when a data verification error is found, a retransmission request optimization strategy is adopted to record the data content and number of retransmissions for each retransmission. If the erroneous data retransmitted M times consecutively have the same error pattern, it is determined that there is a fixed interference source in the transmission line, and the transmission frequency is adjusted or anti-interference measures are taken before requesting retransmission again.

[0021] Furthermore, during the entire decoding process, a time synchronization mechanism is adopted. The main chip and the PSI5 sensor send time synchronization signals to ensure that the clock synchronization accuracy of the two is within ±Δt. Δt is determined according to the data transmission rate and decoding accuracy requirements.

[0022] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] First, eliminating reliance on proprietary decoding chips directly reduces the cost of PSI5 applications, mitigates risks associated with chip supply issues, and enhances the autonomy and stability of the supply chain. Second, utilizing the universal interface of the main chip for data parsing reduces the requirements for the main chip's interface and performance, allowing companies to choose lower-cost main chips, further reducing costs. Furthermore, the main chip implements system-level decoding through software, reducing system load, improving system performance, and making data processing more efficient. In practical applications, such as electronically controlled suspension systems, this method improves the real-time performance of suspension control, enabling more timely and precise adjustment of shock absorber damping and air spring height, significantly enhancing vehicle handling stability and ride comfort. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic block diagram of a PSI5 decoding method proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A cost comparison bar chart of a PSI5 decoding method proposed in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a line chart comparing the system performance of a PSI5 decoding method proposed in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0029] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Reference Figures 1 to 3 : A PSI5 decoding method, comprising the following steps:

[0031] S1: Generate Synchronous Pulses: At the beginning of the decoding process, the main chip emits a PWM signal at a pre-set frequency. This PWM signal is precisely transmitted along a specific transmission line to the pulse generator module of the PSI5 conversion module. After receiving the PWM signal, the pulse generator module requires a stable operating voltage environment. The stable 5V output of the linear voltage regulator module provides strong support for this. Based on this stable 5V voltage, the pulse generator module uses a series of complex modulation techniques to successfully modulate the synchronous pulse signal.

[0032] S2: Sensor data filling: When the PSI5 sensor detects the synchronous pulse signal modulated by the pulse generation module, it begins to fill the data. The data filled here is the fluctuating current representing the measured data, which is crucial for subsequent analysis and processing. In order to complete the data filling more efficiently and accurately, an adaptive data filling algorithm is adopted. This algorithm dynamically adjusts the filling time interval according to the frequency of changes in the sensor data. The calculation formula is Where T is the filling time interval, f data is the frequency of sensor data changes, k is the adjustment coefficient, and its value range is between 0.8-1.2. In actual operation, the value of the adjustment coefficient k will be reasonably determined according to the actual situation of sensor data fluctuation. For example, if the sensor data changes frequently, that is, the change frequency f dataIf the data changes relatively slowly, the filling interval T will be increased accordingly. This adaptive adjustment ensures that the sensor can fill in the fluctuating current data at the most appropriate time interval after the synchronization pulse signal, thereby improving the quality of data acquisition.

[0033] S3: Current-to-Voltage Conversion: After receiving the fluctuating current data containing sensor data, the current comparison module carefully compares it with the reference current. This comparison operation aims to convert the fluctuating current into a digital voltage signal that is convenient for subsequent processing. In complex real-world operating environments, fluctuations in ambient temperature and power supply voltage can affect the accuracy of the reference current, which in turn affects the precision of the current-to-voltage conversion. To overcome this problem, dynamic reference current adjustment technology is employed.

[0034] S4: Voltage signal amplification and output: After receiving the digital voltage signal obtained through current-voltage conversion, the voltage output module needs to amplify it to meet the input requirements of the universal port of the main chip. The amplification factor is based on the maximum voltage that the universal port of the main chip can receive and the amplitude of the current digital voltage signal, and is calculated through the formula Calculated, where G is the magnification, V max Is the maximum voltage that the main chip universal port can receive, V input is the amplitude of the current digital voltage signal.

[0035] S5: Manchester Soft Decoding: After receiving the amplified signal, the main chip initiates a precisely timed task. During this task, the main chip closely monitors the voltage level changes on the universal port. The main chip performs soft decoding according to the Manchester encoding rules, parsing the data transmitted by the sensor.

[0036] The present invention also includes a step of collecting voltage on the main chip to perform fault diagnosis. The main chip collects the voltage output by the PSI5 conversion module through the ADC channel and sets the voltage threshold range V min -V max When the collected voltage exceeds this range, it is determined that there is a fault, and according to the direction and magnitude of the excess, the fault diagnosis formula is used. Calculate the severity of the fault, where V is the acquisition voltage, V avg =(V) / (V) is the average normal voltage. Based on the calculated fault severity, the system triggers different levels of alarms, notifying relevant personnel to take appropriate action. For example, if the fault severity exceeds a certain threshold, a high-level alarm is triggered, prompting technicians to conduct immediate repairs. If the fault severity is relatively low, a low-level alarm is triggered, prompting routine inspection and maintenance.

[0037] The present invention also includes a data verification step. After Manchester soft decoding obtains data, the data is verified using a CRC cyclic redundancy check algorithm. The generating polynomial is G(x)=x 8 +x 2 +x+1, calculate the CRC check code of the data and compare it with the check code sent by the sensor. If the two are inconsistent, it means that an error may have occurred during the data transmission process. At this time, the system will require the sensor to resend the data.

[0038] In the present invention, a phase compensation technique is used in the step of generating the synchronization pulse. As mentioned above, during the transmission process of the PWM signal, its phase will change due to factors such as line length and signal attenuation, which will affect the accuracy of the synchronization pulse. Therefore, according to the line length L of the PWM signal transmission, the signal transmission speed v and the PWM signal frequency f, the formula The phase compensation value is accurately calculated. The trigger timing of the pulse generation module is then adjusted accordingly based on this calculated phase compensation value. For example, if the calculated phase compensation value is positive, the pulse generation module should be triggered earlier; if it is negative, the triggering should be delayed. This precise phase compensation ensures that the synchronization pulse is generated at the optimal time, improving the accuracy and stability of the entire decoding process.

[0039] In the present invention, a dynamic reference current adjustment technique is used in the current-voltage conversion step. According to factors such as ambient temperature and power supply voltage fluctuation, the reference current is adjusted by formula I refnew =I refold (1+α(T-T0)+β(V-V0)) adjusts the reference current, where I refnew is the adjusted reference current, I refold is the initial reference current, α and β are the adjustment coefficients for temperature and voltage, respectively, T and T0 are the current and standard temperature, and V and V0 are the current and standard supply voltage to improve the accuracy of current-voltage conversion.

[0040] In the present invention, an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit is used in the voltage signal amplification and output steps. During the voltage signal amplification and output process, an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit is used to ensure that the voltage output to the universal port of the main chip is always within an appropriate range. This circuit has the function of monitoring the output voltage amplitude in real time. It is like an intelligent regulator, always paying attention to the changes in voltage. When the output voltage amplitude is detected to be lower than the set lower limit, the AGC circuit automatically increases the amplification factor to increase the voltage amplitude and ensure that the main chip can receive a signal of sufficient strength; when the output voltage amplitude is higher than the set upper limit, the AGC circuit automatically reduces the amplification factor to prevent excessive voltage from damaging the main chip. Through this automatic adjustment method, the stability and reliability of the output voltage are guaranteed, and the overall performance of the system is improved.

[0041] In the present invention, a sliding window algorithm is used to improve decoding efficiency in the Manchester soft decoding step. In the Manchester soft decoding process, a sliding window algorithm is used to reduce unnecessary calculations and increase decoding speed. A fixed-size sliding window is set, and the window size is set to an n-bit data length (e.g., 8 bits) based on the data characteristics and processing requirements. During decoding, the window is moved one bit of data each time, and then the decoding operation is performed within the window according to the Manchester encoding rule. In this way, comprehensive repeated calculations of the entire data sequence are avoided, and only the data within the window is processed, greatly improving the efficiency of decoding. For example, when processing large amounts of continuous data, the sliding window algorithm can significantly reduce calculation time, allowing data to be parsed more quickly, meeting the system's requirements for real-time performance.

[0042] In the present invention, a fault prediction model is used in the fault diagnosis step. First, a large amount of historical fault data and corresponding voltage acquisition data are collected, and these data are the basis for training the model. Then, a machine learning algorithm (such as a decision tree model) is used to train these data. During the training process, the model will learn the rules and characteristics in the historical data and establish a correlation between the voltage acquisition data and the fault. When collecting voltage data in real time, the trained fault prediction model will predict possible faults based on the current voltage data and the learned rules. For example, when the model predicts that the changing trend of a certain voltage value may cause a fault to occur, the system can issue an early warning, and the technicians can take measures in advance based on the early warning information, such as replacing parts, adjusting parameters, etc., to avoid the actual occurrence of the fault, reduce the system maintenance cost, and improve the system's operating efficiency.

[0043] In the present invention, during the data verification step, when a data verification error is detected, a retransmission request optimization strategy is implemented. During the data verification process, if the calculated CRC checksum is found to be inconsistent with the checksum sent by the sensor, it indicates that an error occurred during data transmission, and the sensor must be requested to resend the data. To improve the efficiency and accuracy of data retransmission, a retransmission request optimization strategy is implemented. The system records the data content and number of retransmissions for each retransmission. When erroneous data retransmitted m times consecutively exhibit the same error pattern, the system determines that a fixed interference source exists in the transmission line. In this case, the system implements appropriate measures, such as adjusting the transmission frequency to modify the signal transmission characteristics to avoid the interfering frequency, or implementing anti-interference measures, such as adding a shielding layer to reduce the impact of external interference on the transmission line. After implementing these measures, the sensor is again requested to retransmit the data, thereby improving the success rate of data transmission and ensuring data accuracy and integrity.

[0044] In the present invention, a time synchronization mechanism is employed throughout the decoding process. A time synchronization mechanism is employed between the main chip and the PSI5 sensor. By sending a time synchronization signal, the clock synchronization accuracy between the main chip and the PSI5 sensor is maintained within Δt, where Δt is determined based on the data transmission rate and decoding accuracy requirements. For example, in scenarios with high-speed data transmission and high decoding accuracy requirements, the value of Δt may be set to a smaller value; whereas in scenarios with lower data transmission rates and less stringent accuracy requirements, the value of Δt may be appropriately increased. By maintaining high-precision clock synchronization, the main chip and sensor are ensured to operate under the same time reference during data transmission and processing, avoiding data errors or loss due to clock asynchrony and improving system stability and reliability.

[0045] The technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below with reference to the embodiments. The embodiments described are only a portion of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them, and are not intended to limit the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] A best embodiment is given below:

[0047] System Setup: Taking the electronic suspension control system as an example, the system includes four PSI5 height sensors, three PSI5 acceleration sensors, four PSI5 channels, and an electronic suspension controller. The controller consists of a main chip and a PSI5 conversion module, which in turn includes a linear voltage regulator module, a pulse generator module, a current comparison module, and a voltage output module.

[0048] Decoding process:

[0049] S1: Generate synchronous pulses: The main chip sends a PWM signal at a set frequency, such as 10kHz. The PWM signal is transmitted to the pulse generation module of the PSI5 conversion module. After receiving the signal, the pulse generation module modulates the synchronous pulse signal based on the stable 5V voltage output by the linear voltage regulator module. Considering that the line length of the PWM signal transmission is 0.5m and the signal transmission speed is 2×10 8 m / s, the PWM signal frequency is 10kHz, according to the phase compensation formula The phase compensation value is calculated and the trigger time of the pulse generation module is adjusted accordingly to ensure the accuracy of the synchronization pulse.

[0050] S2: Sensor data filling: After the PSI5 sensor detects the synchronization pulse signal, it fills the fluctuating current representing the measurement data after the synchronization pulse signal. According to the changing frequency of the sensor data, such as the changing frequency of 50Hz, the adjustment coefficient k=1 is determined, and the adaptive data filling algorithm formula is used. The filling time interval T=20ms is calculated and data filling is performed.

[0051] S3: Current-voltage conversion: The current comparison module compares the received fluctuating current containing sensor data with the reference current and converts the fluctuation into a digital voltage signal. Considering that the ambient temperature is 30°C (standard temperature T0 = 25°C), the power supply voltage is 12.5V (standard voltage V0 = 12V), the temperature adjustment coefficient α = 0.004 / °C, the voltage adjustment coefficient β = 0.02, the initial reference current I refold =1mA, adjust the formula according to the dynamic reference current I refnew =I refold (1+α(T-T0)+β(V-V0)), calculate and adjust the reference current to improve the accuracy of current-voltage conversion.

[0052] S4: Voltage signal amplification and output: The voltage output module amplifies the received digital voltage signal. It is known that the maximum voltage V that the universal port of the main chip can receive max =3.3V, current digital voltage signal amplitude V input =1V, according to the amplification factor calculation formula The amplification factor G is calculated to be 3.3, and the amplified signal is output to the general port of the main chip. At the same time, an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit is used to monitor the output voltage amplitude in real time to ensure that the output voltage is always appropriate.

[0053] S5: Manchester Soft Decoding: The main chip initiates a precisely timed task, such as a 10μs period. During this period, it detects level changes on the universal port and performs soft decoding according to the Manchester encoding rules. Using a sliding window algorithm, the window size is set to 8 bits, and the data is shifted one bit at a time. Manchester decoding is performed within the window to parse the data transmitted by the sensor.

[0054] Fault diagnosis: The main chip collects the voltage output by the PSI5 conversion module through the ADC channel, and sets the voltage threshold range to 2V-3V. When the collected voltage exceeds this range, it is determined that there is a fault. Assume that the collected voltage V=3.5V and the normal voltage average value V avg =2.5V, according to the fault diagnosis formula The fault severity F = 40% is calculated, and different levels of alarms are triggered based on the fault severity. At the same time, a fault prediction model is used to collect historical fault data and corresponding voltage acquisition data, train a decision tree model, and predict possible faults in real time.

[0055] After Manchester soft decoding obtains data, the CRC cyclic redundancy check algorithm is used to check the data. The generating polynomial is G(x)=x 8 +x 2 +x+1, calculates the CRC checksum of the data and compares it with the checksum sent by the sensor. If they don't match, the sensor is asked to resend the data. If a data checksum error is detected, a retransmission request optimization strategy is implemented, recording the data content and retransmission count of each retransmission. If three consecutive retransmissions of erroneous data have the same error pattern, it is determined that there is a fixed interference source on the transmission line. The transmission frequency is adjusted or anti-interference measures are implemented before retransmission.

[0056] Time synchronization mechanism: The main chip and PSI5 sensor send time synchronization signals to ensure that the clock synchronization accuracy of the two is within ±10μs, ensuring the accuracy of data transmission and processing.

[0057] The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PSI5 decoding method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Generate synchronous pulse: The main chip sends a PWM signal, which is transmitted to the pulse generation module of the PSI5 conversion module. After receiving the signal, the pulse generation module modulates the synchronous pulse signal based on the stable 5V voltage output by the linear voltage regulator module. S2: Sensor data filling: After the PSI5 sensor detects the synchronization pulse signal, it fills the fluctuating current representing the measurement data after the synchronization pulse signal. Here, an adaptive data filling algorithm is used to dynamically adjust the filling time interval according to the changing frequency of the sensor data. The calculation formula is: Where T is the filling time interval, f data is the frequency of sensor data change, k is the adjustment coefficient; S3: Current-to-voltage conversion: The current comparison module compares the received fluctuating current containing sensor data with the reference current and converts this fluctuation into a digital voltage signal; S4: Voltage signal amplification and output: The voltage output module amplifies the received digital voltage signal. The amplification factor is determined by the formula according to the input requirements of the main chip. Calculated, where G is the magnification, V max Is the maximum voltage that the main chip universal port can receive, V input It is the amplitude of the current digital voltage signal. The amplified signal is output to the general port of the main chip. S5: Manchester soft decoding: The main chip starts the timing task, detects the level change of the universal port during the task cycle, performs soft decoding according to the Manchester encoding rules, and parses the data transmitted by the sensor.

2. A PSI5 decoding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main chip also includes the steps of collecting voltage for fault diagnosis. The main chip collects the voltage output by the PSI5 conversion module through the ADC channel and sets the voltage threshold range V min -V max When the collected voltage exceeds this range, it is determined that there is a fault, and according to the direction and magnitude of the excess, the fault diagnosis formula is used. Calculate the severity of the fault, where V is the acquisition voltage, V avg It is the normal voltage average value, and different levels of alarms are triggered according to the severity of the fault.

3. A PSI5 decoding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data verification step is also included. After the Manchester soft decoding obtains the data, the CRC cyclic redundancy check algorithm is used to verify the data. The generating polynomial is G(x)=x 8 +x 2 +x+1, calculate the CRC check code of the data and compare it with the check code sent by the sensor. If they are inconsistent, the sensor is required to resend the data.

4. A PSI5 decoding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of generating synchronous pulses, phase compensation technology is used to calculate the phase compensation value according to the line length and signal attenuation of PWM signal transmission. Where f is the PWM signal frequency, L is the transmission line length, and v is the signal transmission speed, which adjusts the trigger time of the pulse generation module.

5. A PSI5 decoding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the current-voltage conversion step, a dynamic reference current adjustment technique is used to adjust the current according to the ambient temperature and power supply voltage fluctuation factors through the formula I refnew =I refold (1+α(T-T0)+β(V-V0)) adjusts the reference current, where I refnew is the adjusted reference current, I refold is the initial reference current, α and β are the adjustment coefficients for temperature and voltage respectively, T and T0 are the current and standard temperature, and V and V0 are the current and standard supply voltage.

6. A PSI5 decoding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the voltage signal amplification and output step, an automatic gain control circuit is used. This circuit monitors the amplitude of the output voltage in real time. When the amplitude is lower than the set lower limit, the amplification factor is automatically increased; when the amplitude is higher than the set upper limit, the amplification factor is automatically reduced.

7. A PSI5 decoding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the Manchester soft decoding step, a sliding window algorithm is used to improve decoding efficiency. A fixed-size sliding window is set with an N-bit data length. One bit of data is moved each time, and Manchester decoding is performed within the window to reduce unnecessary calculations.

8. A PSI5 decoding method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the fault diagnosis step, a fault prediction model is used to collect historical fault data and corresponding voltage acquisition data. A fault prediction model is trained through a machine learning algorithm. When collecting voltage data in real time, the model predicts faults and takes measures in advance to avoid faults.

9. A PSI5 decoding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the data verification step, when a data verification error is found, a retransmission request optimization strategy is adopted to record the data content and number of retransmissions for each retransmission. If the erroneous data retransmitted M times consecutively have the same error pattern, it is determined that there is a fixed interference source in the transmission line. The transmission frequency is adjusted or anti-interference measures are taken before retransmission is requested again.

10. A PSI5 decoding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the entire decoding process, a time synchronization mechanism is adopted. The main chip and the PSI5 sensor send time synchronization signals to ensure that the clock synchronization accuracy of the two is within ±Δt. Δt is determined according to the data transmission rate and decoding accuracy requirements.

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