Friction stir welding additional material clamp capable of achieving rapid clamping

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of friction stir welding, in particular to a rapid clamping friction stir welding additive clamp which comprises a U-shaped frame, a lifting groove is formed in the U-shaped frame, a lifting motor is installed at the top of the rear side of the U-shaped frame, a lifting lead screw is movably installed in the lifting groove in the rear end, and the inner wall of the lifting groove in the front end is fixedly connected with a limiting rod; a connecting block is fixedly connected between the two lifting blocks, fixing blocks are arranged on the outer walls of the left side and the right side of the connecting block, communicating grooves are formed in the fixing blocks, annular grooves are formed in the inner wall of the connecting block, telescopic blocks slide in the communicating grooves, and clamping plates are fixedly connected to the opposite faces of the telescopic blocks; the inner walls of the bottom plates are fixedly connected with sliding rods, and the outer walls of the sliding rods are sleeved with sliding blocks. According to the welding device, the clamping speed, the positioning precision and the welding stability are improved, and meanwhile the situation that multiple bars enter at the same time, and consequently the welding pressure is uneven is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of friction stir welding, and in particular to a fast-clamping friction stir welding additive fixture. Background Art

[0002] Friction stir welding is an advanced welding technology that generates heat through friction caused by a high-speed rotating stirring head, causing local plasticization of the material and achieving solid-phase connection. This technology has the characteristics of low heat input, small deformation, and excellent joint performance. It is widely used in additive manufacturing in aerospace, rail transportation and other fields. During the friction stir welding additive process, rods as filler materials need to be continuously conveyed and precisely clamped to ensure the stability of the welding process and the forming quality.

[0003] However, these existing clamping mechanisms have many shortcomings, which make it difficult to stabilize the clamping output. The clamping force of the mechanical clamp is unevenly distributed. After long-term use, the spring force will decay, making it difficult to ensure a stable clamping force on the rod. Especially during the welding process, due to factors such as vibration, loosening is very likely to occur. Since the existing clamping mechanism is not conducive to stable clamping output, the quality of the welded joint is unstable during the stir friction welding additive manufacturing process, and defects such as cracks and incomplete penetration are prone to occur, which reduces the welding strength and overall performance. Frequent clamping looseness will also lead to welding interruptions, increase downtime adjustment time, and reduce production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a fast clamping friction stir welding additive fixture.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a quick-clamping stir friction welding additive fixture, comprising a U-shaped frame, wherein a lifting groove is provided inside the two vertical plates of the U-shaped frame, a lifting motor is installed on the top of the rear vertical plate of the U-shaped frame, and a lifting screw is movably installed in the lifting groove at the rear end, the output end of the lifting motor is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting screw, and the inner wall of the lifting groove at the front end is fixedly connected to the limit rod, a lifting block is slidably installed inside the lifting groove, the lifting block at the rear side is threadedly connected to the lifting screw, and the lifting block at the front side is slidably connected to the limit rod, a connecting block is fixedly connected between the two lifting blocks, and fixed blocks are provided on the left and right outer walls of the connecting block, and a connecting groove is provided inside the fixed block, which is connected to the inner cavity of the connecting block. The locking plate is fixedly mounted on the left and right sides of the base plate, and the sliding plate is fixedly connected to the first and second guide grooves, and the locking plate is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the base plate, and the two locking plates are fixedly mounted on the left and right sides of the base plate.

[0006] further:

[0007] One end of the two first rollers away from the telescopic block both passes through the fixed block, and one end of the two second rollers away from the sliding block both passes through the bottom plate.

[0008] further:

[0009] The top of the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to a support plate, and a bar box is provided on the top of the support plate. The outer wall of the bar box is fixedly connected to a side baffle, and there are two side baffles. A feeding motor is installed on the outer wall of the left side baffle, and a feeding screw is movably installed between the two side baffles. The output end of the feeding motor is fixedly connected to the feeding screw, and the outer wall of the feeding screw is threadedly connected to a movable plate. A movable groove is opened on the outer wall of the bar box, and the end of the movable plate away from the feeding screw passes through the movable groove and extends to the interior of the bar box.

[0010] further:

[0011] A feed port is provided on the left side of the top of the bar box, and a discharge port is provided on the right side of the bottom of the bar box.

[0012] further:

[0013] A groove is provided at the top of the cross plate of the U-shaped frame, and the inner wall of the groove is movably connected to two guide concave wheels arranged in parallel on the left and right. A guide motor is installed inside the U-shaped frame, and the output end of the guide motor is fixedly connected to one end of the guide concave wheel on the right side, and a through hole is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the groove.

[0014] further:

[0015] A welding assembly is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped frame, and the through hole is aligned with the center position of the welding assembly.

[0016] further:

[0017] The inner surface of the splint is provided with anti-skid lines, and the anti-skid lines are a wavy structure.

[0018] further:

[0019] The two first guide grooves are located on both sides of the lifting groove and are symmetrically distributed. The second guide groove is located on the side of the first guide groove away from the lifting groove. The center positions of the connecting block, the discharge port and the through hole are located on the same straight line.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. Compared with the existing technology, the device of the present invention uses a lifting motor, a lifting screw, and a limit rod to collaboratively drive the connection block to lift and lower. Combined with the linkage design of the first and second rollers along the guide groove, it realizes the automatic opening and closing of the clamping plate and the cover. This structure not only simplifies the operation process and significantly improves the clamping speed, but also accurately controls the movement trajectory of the clamping plate through the guide groove, ensuring the consistent clamping position of the bar and improving welding accuracy. At the same time, the rigid clamping mechanism avoids the loosening problem caused by attenuation or vibration of traditional spring clamps, effectively ensuring the stability of the welding process, and solving the shortcomings of the existing technology such as slow clamping, poor positioning, and easy loosening.

[0022] 2. Compared with the existing technology, the device of the present invention uses a feeding motor to drive the feeding screw to accurately push a single rod, cooperates with the guide concave wheel to calibrate the blanking position, and ensures uniform distribution of welding pressure through the alignment design of the welding component and the through hole. This design avoids the problem of uneven pressure caused by the simultaneous entry of multiple rods, and significantly reduces welding defects such as cracks and incomplete penetration. In addition, the coordinated control of multiple motors through PLC or CNC systems further improves production efficiency and process consistency, enabling the present invention to meet the needs of high-precision additive manufacturing scenarios such as aerospace, taking into account efficiency and quality, and providing a reliable automation solution for stir friction welding additive manufacturing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from a first perspective;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the distribution of the first guide groove and the second guide groove of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting screw rod, connecting block, fixing block and bottom plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the telescopic block, the clamping plate and the first roller of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the slide bar, slider, second roller and cover of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the feeding motor, feeding screw and moving plate of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the guide motor and the guide concave wheel of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure in the middle.

[0033] Legend:

[0034] 1. U-shaped frame; 2. Lifting slot; 3. Lifting motor; 4. Lifting screw; 5. Limit rod; 6. Lifting block; 7. Connecting block; 8. Fixed block; 9. Connecting slot; 10. Annular slot; 11. Telescopic block; 12. Clamp; 13. First roller; 14. Bottom plate; 15. Slide rod; 16. Slider; 17. Cover; 18. Second roller; 19. First guide slot; 20. Second guide slot; 21. Support plate; 22. Bar box; 23. Side baffle; 24. Feeding motor; 25. Feeding screw; 26. Moving plate; 27. Moving slot; 28. Feed port; 29. ​​Discharge port; 30. Groove; 31. Guide concave wheel; 32. Guide motor; 33. Through hole; 34. Welding assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Reference Figure 1-10The U-shaped frame 1 is provided with a lifting slot 2 inside the two vertical plates of the U-shaped frame 1, and a lifting motor 3 is installed on the top of the rear vertical plate of the U-shaped frame 1. A lifting screw rod 4 is movably installed in the rear lifting slot 2, and the output end of the lifting motor 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting screw rod 4. The inner wall of the front lifting slot 2 is fixedly connected to the limit rod 5, and a lifting block 6 is slidably installed in the lifting slot 2. The rear lifting block 6 is threadedly connected to the lifting screw 4, and the front lifting block 6 is slidably connected to the limit rod 5. A connecting block 7 is fixedly connected between the two lifting blocks 6. The outer walls of the left and right sides of the connecting block 7 are provided with fixed blocks 8. The interior of the fixed block 8 is provided with a connecting slot 9 and is connected to the inner cavity of the connecting block 7. An annular groove 10 is provided on the inner wall of the connecting block 7. A telescopic block 11 is slidably provided inside the connecting slot 9. The opposite surfaces of the two telescopic blocks 11 are fixedly connected to a splint 12. The inner surface of the splint 12 is provided with an anti-slip texture, and the anti-slip texture is a wavy structure. The two first rollers 13 are located in the annular groove 10, and the front and rear outer walls of the telescopic block 11 are movably connected to the first roller 13. The two first rollers 13 extend away from the end of the telescopic block 11 and penetrate the fixed block 8. The left and right sides of the outer wall of the connecting block 7 are fixedly connected to the bottom plate 14. The inner wall of the bottom plate 14 is fixedly connected to the sliding rod 15. The outer wall of the sliding rod 15 is provided with a slider 16. The bottom of the slider 16 is fixedly connected with a cover 17. The two covers 17 are symmetrically distributed. The front and rear outer walls of the slider 16 are movably connected to the second roller 18. The two second rollers 18 extend away from the end of the slider 16 and penetrate the bottom plate 14. The opposite surfaces of the two vertical plates of the U-shaped frame 1 are provided with a first guide groove 19 and a second guide groove 20. The end of the first roller 13 away from the telescopic block 11 extends to the inside of the first guide groove 19, and the end of the second roller 18 away from the slider 16 extends to the inside of the second guide groove 20. The two first guide grooves 19 are located on both sides of the lifting groove 2 and are symmetrically distributed. The second guide groove 20 is located on the side of the first guide groove 19 away from the lifting groove 2.

[0036] In the initial state, the connecting block 7 is located at the highest point of the lifting slot 2. At this time, the two splints 12 are respectively retracted in the annular groove 10 inside the connecting block 7. At this time, the first roller 13 set on the outer wall of the telescopic block 11 is located at the top of the first guide groove 19. At the same time, the two covers 17 are in a relatively close state, so that the bottom of the connecting block 7 is in a closed state. Then the rod falls from the inside of the rod box 22 into the inside of the connecting block 7. The operation of the lifting motor 3 drives the lifting screw 4 to rotate, so that the lifting block 6 threadedly connected to the lifting screw 4 descends along the lifting slot 2. At the same time, the front lifting block 6 can slide downward along the limit rod 5, so that the two lifting blocks 6 and the connecting block 7 move down synchronously. When the connecting block 7 moves downward, the first roller 13 connected to the telescopic block 11 first moves along the upper end of the first guide groove 19. During this process, the telescopic block 11 moves toward the connecting block 7, so that the two telescopic blocks 11 and the connected splints 12 approach each other synchronously, and finally clamp the rod inside the connecting block 7. Then the connecting block 7 continues to move downward. During this process, the two splints 12 are always in a clamped state, and the two covers 17 are also always in a relatively close state. As the connecting block 7 moves downward, the first roller 13 connected to the outer wall of the telescopic block 11 reaches the lowest end of the vertical part of the first guide groove 19. At the same time, when the first roller 13 reaches the bottom end of the vertical part of the first guide groove 19, the second roller 18 simultaneously moves along the second guide groove 20 to the lowest end of the vertical part of the second guide groove 20, and the connecting block 7 continues to move downward. Under the action of the bottom oblique part of the first guide groove 19, the two telescopic blocks 11 and the splints 12 connected thereto move away from each other, and the second rollers 18 arranged on the outer walls of the two covers 17 move along the bottom oblique part of the second guide groove 20, causing the slider 16 to move along the slide rod 15 away from the connecting block 7, so that the two covers 17 move away from each other and separate, and then the rod inside the connecting block 7 can fall between the two. After the first bar is delivered, the lifting motor 3 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the connecting block 7 upward. Following the same principle, the two covers 17 move upward in sync, closing the bottom of the connecting block 7. Simultaneously, the two telescopic blocks 11 and the clamping plate 12 move relative to each other as they move upward. When the connecting block 7 is about to reach its initial position, the upper oblique portion of the first guide groove 19 causes the two telescopic blocks 11 and the clamping plate 12 to return to their original positions, allowing the clamping plate 12 to retract into the annular groove 10. The above process is repeated, and the next bar can then be delivered.

[0037] The top of the U-shaped frame 1 is fixedly connected to a support plate 21, and a bar box 22 is provided on the top of the support plate 21. The outer wall of the bar box 22 is fixedly connected to a side baffle 23, and there are two side baffles 23. A feeding motor 24 is installed on the outer wall of the left side baffle 23, and a feeding screw 25 is movably installed between the two side baffles 23. The output end of the feeding motor 24 is fixedly connected to the feeding screw 25, and the outer wall of the feeding screw 25 is threadedly connected to a movable plate 26. A movable groove 27 is provided on the outer wall of the bar box 22, and the end of the movable plate 26 away from the feeding screw 25 passes through the movable groove 27 and extends to the inside of the bar box 22. A feeding port 28 is provided on the left side of the top of the bar box 22, and a discharging port 29 is provided on the right side of the bottom of the bar box 22. A groove 30 is provided at the top of the plate, and the inner wall of the groove 30 is movably connected to two parallel guide concave wheels 31 on the left and right. A guide motor 32 is installed inside the U-shaped frame 1, and the output end of the guide motor 32 is fixedly connected to one end of the right guide concave wheel 31. A through hole 33 is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the groove 30, and the center positions of the connecting block 7, the discharge port 29 and the through hole 33 are located in the same straight line. A welding assembly 34 is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped frame 1, and the welding assembly 34 includes core components such as a stirring head, a spindle drive system, a pressure control system, a motion control system, a cooling system, an auxiliary clamping mechanism, a monitoring system and a protective gas device. The above components are all existing components in the known field, and the through hole 33 is aligned with the center position of the welding assembly 34.

[0038] Bars can be quickly replenished through the feed port 28. The feed motor 24 drives the feed screw 25, which in turn drives the movable plate 26, precisely controlling the discharge rhythm of individual bars. The design of the concave guide wheel 31, combined with the precise control of the guide motor 32, ensures that the bars fall precisely into the welding position after release. The precise alignment of the welding assembly 34 and the through-hole 33 ensures a stable and consistent welding process, making it particularly suitable for high-precision additive manufacturing applications.

[0039] The electrical control of the entire system uses a PLC or CNC system to achieve multi-motor coordinated control, further improving production efficiency and process stability, and providing a reliable automation solution for friction stir welding additive manufacturing.

[0040] Working principle: In the initial state, the connecting block 7 is located at the highest point of the lifting groove 2. At this time, the two splints 12 are respectively retracted in the annular groove 10 inside the connecting block 7. At this time, the first roller 13 provided on the outer wall of the telescopic block 11 is located at the top of the first guide groove 19. At the same time, the two covers 17 are in a relatively close state, so that the bottom of the connecting block 7 is in a closed state. Then, the bars in the bar box 22 are pushed by the feeding screw 25 driven by the feeding motor 24 to push the moving plate 26 and enter the connecting block 7 through the discharge port 29. The operation of the lifting motor 3 drives the lifting screw 4 to rotate, so that the lifting block 6 threadedly connected to the lifting screw 4 descends along the lifting groove 2. At the same time, the front lifting block 6 can move downward along the limit rod 5. When the connecting block 7 moves downward, the first roller 13 connected to the telescopic block 11 first moves along the upper end of the first guide groove 19. During this process, the telescopic block 11 moves toward the connecting block 7, so that the two telescopic blocks 11 and the connected splints 12 are synchronously close, and finally the rod inside the connecting block 7 is clamped. Then the connecting block 7 continues to move downward. During this process, the two splints 12 are always in a clamped state, and the two covering covers 17 are also always in a relatively close state. As the connecting block 7 moves downward, the first roller 13 connected to the outer wall of the telescopic block 11 reaches the lower end of the vertical part of the first guide groove 19. At the same time, when the first roller 13 reaches When the first guide groove 19 reaches the bottom of the vertical portion, the second roller 18 simultaneously moves along the second guide groove 20 to the lowest end of the vertical portion of the second guide groove 20, and the connecting block 7 continues to move downward. Under the action of the bottom oblique portion of the first guide groove 19, the two telescopic blocks 11 and the splints 12 connected thereto move in opposite directions and separate, and the second rollers 18 arranged on the outer walls of the two covers 17 move along the bottom oblique portion of the second guide groove 20, so that the slider 16 moves along the slide rod 15 in the direction away from the connecting block 7, so that the two covers 17 move in opposite directions and separate, and then the rod inside the connecting block 7 can fall between the two. After the first rod is conveyed, the lifting motor 3 rotates in the opposite direction to drive the connecting block 7 moves up, and the same principle is used to make the two covers 17 move up synchronously relative to each other, so that the bottom of the connecting block 7 is in a closed state. At the same time, the two telescopic blocks 11 and the splint 12 move relative to each other when moving up. When the connecting block 7 is about to reach the initial position, under the action of the upper oblique part of the first guide groove 19, the two telescopic blocks 11 return to their original positions with the splint 12, so that the splint 12 shrinks to the inside of the annular groove 10, and the above process is repeated. Then the next bar can be transported. The process is simple, the clamping efficiency is high, the linkage mechanism is improved, the operation time is saved, and the clamping speed, positioning accuracy and welding stability are improved. At the same time, it is avoided that multiple bars entering at the same time will cause uneven welding pressure.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fast-clamping friction stir welding fixture, comprising a U-shaped frame (1), characterized in that: The U-shaped frame (1) has a lifting groove (2) provided inside the two vertical plates, a lifting motor (3) is installed on the top of the rear vertical plate of the U-shaped frame (1), a lifting screw (4) is movably installed in the rear lifting groove (2), the output end of the lifting motor (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting screw (4), the inner wall of the front lifting groove (2) is fixedly connected to the limit rod (5), a lifting block (6) is slidably installed inside the lifting groove (2), the lifting block (6) on the rear side is threadedly connected to the lifting screw (4), the lifting block (6) on the front side is slidably connected to the limit rod (5), a connecting block (7) is fixedly connected between the two lifting blocks (6), the outer walls of the left and right sides of the connecting block (7) are both provided with fixed blocks (8), a connecting groove (9) is provided inside the fixed block (8), and is connected to the inner cavity of the connecting block (7), an annular groove (10) is provided on the inner wall of the connecting block (7), and a telescopic block (11) is slidably installed inside the connecting groove (9), The opposing surfaces of the two telescopic blocks (11) are fixedly connected with a clamping plate (12), and the clamping plate (12) is located in the annular groove (10). The front and rear outer walls of the telescopic block (11) are movably connected with a first roller (13). The left and right sides of the outer wall of the connecting block (7) are fixedly connected with a bottom plate (14). The inner wall of the bottom plate (14) is fixedly connected with a sliding rod (15). The outer wall of the sliding rod (15) is provided with a slider (16). The bottom of the slider (16) is fixedly connected with a cover (17). The two covers (17) are symmetrically distributed. The front and rear outer walls of the slider (16) are movably connected with a second roller (18). The opposing surfaces of the two vertical plates of the U-shaped frame (1) are provided with a first guide groove (19) and a second guide groove (20). The end of the first roller (13) away from the telescopic block (11) extends to the inside of the first guide groove (19), and the end of the second roller (18) away from the slider (16) extends to the inside of the second guide groove (20).

2. The fast-clamping friction stir welding additive fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ends of the two first rollers (13) away from the telescopic block (11) both pass through the fixed block (8), and the ends of the two second rollers (18) away from the slider (16) both pass through the bottom plate (14).

3. The fast-clamping friction stir welding additive fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the U-shaped frame (1) is fixedly connected to a support plate (21), and a bar box (22) is provided on the top of the support plate (21). The outer wall of the bar box (22) is fixedly connected to a side baffle (23), and there are two side baffles (23). A feeding motor (24) is installed on the outer wall of the left side baffle (23), and a feeding screw (25) is movably installed between the two side baffles (23). The output end of the feeding motor (24) is fixedly connected to the feeding screw (25), and the outer wall of the feeding screw (25) is threadedly connected to a movable plate (26). The outer wall of the bar box (22) is provided with a movable groove (27), and the end of the movable plate (26) away from the feeding screw (25) passes through the movable groove (27) and extends to the interior of the bar box (22).

4. The fast-clamping friction stir welding additive fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: A feed port (28) is provided on the left side of the top of the bar box (22), and a discharge port (29) is provided on the right side of the bottom of the bar box (22).

5. The fast-clamping friction stir welding additive fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove (30) is provided at the top of the transverse plate of the U-shaped frame (1), and the inner wall of the groove (30) is movably connected to two guide concave wheels (31) arranged in parallel on the left and right. A guide motor (32) is installed inside the U-shaped frame (1), and the output end of the guide motor (32) is fixedly connected to one end of the guide concave wheel (31) on the right side. A through hole (33) is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the groove (30).

6. The fast-clamping friction stir welding additive fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: A welding assembly (34) is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped frame (1), and the through hole (33) is aligned with the center position of the welding assembly (34).

7. The fast-clamping friction stir welding additive fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the splint (12) is provided with anti-skid patterns, and the anti-skid patterns are of a wavy structure.

8. The fast-clamping friction stir welding additive fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two first guide grooves (19) are located on both sides of the lifting groove (2) and are symmetrically distributed. The second guide groove (20) is located on the side of the first guide groove (19) away from the lifting groove (2). The center positions of the connecting block (7), the discharge port (29) and the through hole (33) are located on the same straight line.

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