Steering wheel biosensor-based emergency response method for plateau driving

Abstract

The application discloses a plateau driving emergency response method based on a steering wheel biosensor, relates to the technical field of intelligent safe vehicle control, and comprises the following steps: arranging a double-wavelength optical sensor and a ring-shaped capacitive array on a steering wheel to collect original PPG pulse wave signals and holding contact areas of a driver and calculate a final blood oxygen saturation value of the driver; performing altitude adaptive blood oxygen threshold matching according to real-time altitudes during driving, calculating a warning threshold and an emergency threshold of the final blood oxygen saturation; and performing plateau driving emergency response according to the final blood oxygen saturation value, the warning threshold and the emergency threshold, and triggering a driving response state. The application can provide full-coverage safety guarantee under different hypoxia degrees, improve monitoring precision and warning pertinence, and significantly improve active safety and reliability of plateau driving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent safety vehicle control technology, and in particular to an emergency response method for high-altitude driving based on steering wheel biosensors. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of optical biosensing and intelligent vehicle technologies, non-invasive blood oxygen monitoring technology has made significant progress in the medical and health management fields. Dual-wavelength optical sensors based on the photoplethysmography (PPG) principle can accurately calculate blood oxygen saturation values ​​by comparing the ratio of red light (approximately 660nm) to near-infrared light (approximately 940nm) signals. Simultaneously, multi-channel capacitive arrays, driven by flexible electronics and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technologies, have achieved high-precision dynamic acquisition of the small contact area and pressure distribution of the human body. On the other hand, modern vehicle human-machine interfaces and onboard monitoring systems are increasingly evolving towards intelligence and proactive safety, and driving safety in high-altitude environments is gradually gaining attention. Existing research has attempted to combine wearable optical sensors with onboard communication systems to monitor the driver's physiological state and issue alerts in case of abnormalities; others have proposed using onboard altimeters or GPS information for high-altitude environment early warnings, but most are limited to simple alarms using fixed thresholds, failing to fully integrate and optimize multi-dimensional information fusion and interaction between individual driver physiological feedback and real-time environmental altitude changes.

[0003] While the aforementioned technologies each have their strengths in their respective fields, they still have several shortcomings in emergency response for high-altitude driving. On the one hand, traditional blood oxygen monitoring based on wearable devices relies on the wrist or ear clip, which is easily affected by wearing position and motion artifacts, and is separate from the vehicle control interface, making it difficult to achieve spatiotemporal coupling of data and driving behavior. On the other hand, most existing high-altitude early warning systems use empirical fixed thresholds and lack the ability to dynamically match physiological thresholds to real-time altitude during driving, resulting in deviations in warning sensitivity and response timing, failing to meet the rapid and accurate emergency needs in high-altitude environments. In addition, existing solutions typically only provide a single alarm prompt, lacking graded response and closed-loop degradation mechanisms, and cannot automatically adjust oxygen supplementation strategies and driving assistance measures under different levels of hypoxia. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in existing steering wheel biosensor-based emergency response methods for high-altitude driving, this invention is proposed. Therefore, the problem this invention aims to solve is how to provide a steering wheel biosensor-based emergency response method for high-altitude driving.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-altitude driving emergency response method based on steering wheel biosensors, which includes arranging a dual-wavelength optical sensor and a ring capacitor array on the steering wheel to collect the driver's original PPG pulse wave signal and grip contact area, and calculating the driver's final blood oxygen saturation value.

[0007] Based on the real-time altitude during driving, altitude-adaptive blood oxygen threshold matching is performed to calculate the warning threshold and emergency threshold of the final blood oxygen saturation.

[0008] Based on the obtained final blood oxygen saturation value, warning threshold, and emergency threshold, an emergency response for high-altitude driving is initiated, triggering the driving response state.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the high-altitude driving emergency response method based on steering wheel biosensing described in this invention, the dual-wavelength optical sensor is used to collect the driver's original PPG pulse wave signal, and the annular capacitor array is built into the inner side of the steering wheel grip ring to collect the driver's grip contact area and grip pressure distribution.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the high-altitude driving emergency response method based on steering wheel biosensors described in this invention, the calculation of the driver's final blood oxygen saturation value includes:

[0011] The raw PPG pulse wave signal is filtered, and then contact area compensation is applied to the filtered raw PPG pulse wave signal, as shown below:

[0012]

[0013] Where: D k (n) represents the area-compensated PPG pulse wave signal sampled at wavelength k for the nth time, s k (n) represents the original PPG pulse wave signal after the nth sampling and filtering at wavelength k, and A0 is the standard contact area during calibration. c (n) represents the grip contact area in the nth sampling;

[0014] The driver's blood oxygen saturation value was calculated using the dual-wavelength ratio method and is expressed as follows:

[0015]

[0016] SpO2(n)=A-BR(n)

[0017] Where: DC k (n) represents the average PPG pulse wave signal sampled at wavelength k for the nth time, where M is the number of sampling points, and x k (i) represents the original PPG pulse wave signal sampled at wavelength k for the i-th time, R(n) is the ratio of the two wavelengths, and D 660(n) represents the area-compensated PPG pulse wave signal sampled at wavelength 660nm, DC. 660 (n) represents the average PPG pulse wave signal sampled at a wavelength of 660 nm, D 940 (n) represents the area-compensated PPG pulse wave signal sampled at a wavelength of 940 nm, DC. 940 (n) represents the average PPG pulse wave signal of the nth sample at a wavelength of 940nm, SpO2(n) represents the blood oxygen saturation value of the nth sample, and A and B are instrument calibration coefficients;

[0018] The final blood oxygen saturation value is obtained by performing a moving average on the blood oxygen saturation value.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the high-altitude driving emergency response method based on steering wheel biosensors described in this invention, the expression for the final blood oxygen saturation value is:

[0020]

[0021] in: Let L be the final blood oxygen saturation value from the nth sample, and L be the moving average window length.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the high-altitude driving emergency response method based on steering wheel biosensors described in this invention, the step of altitude-adaptive blood oxygen threshold matching based on real-time altitude during driving includes:

[0023] Obtain the current altitude, and calculate the warning threshold and emergency threshold when the current altitude exceeds the initial reference altitude, as follows:

[0024]

[0025] T em (h)=T pre (h)-β(h-h0) q

[0026] Wherein: T p (h) represents the warning threshold at the current altitude h, T min To the lowest tolerable blood oxygen saturation level, T max The upper limit of standard blood oxygenation, h0 is the initial reference height, α is the attenuation coefficient, and T is the standard blood oxygenation level. em (h) represents the emergency threshold at the current altitude h, β is the growth coefficient, and q is the growth exponent.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the high-altitude driving emergency response method based on steering wheel biosensors described in this invention, the step of performing the high-altitude driving emergency response based on the acquired final blood oxygen saturation value, warning threshold, and emergency threshold includes:

[0028] Based on the real-time acquired final blood oxygen saturation value, warning threshold, and emergency threshold, the duration is determined, and two timer variables are constructed: the cumulative duration of the final blood oxygen saturation value continuously being lower than the warning threshold and the cumulative duration of the final blood oxygen saturation value continuously being lower than the emergency threshold.

[0029] When the final blood oxygen saturation value is lower than the warning threshold for a cumulative period of time that lasts for the first predetermined time, the system enters the first-level response state, starts the vehicle oxygen generator, sets the oxygen flow rate to one liter per minute, reminds the driver in an orange flashing manner on the head-up display, and at the same time pops up an oxygen replenishment suggestion message on the driver's mobile phone or vehicle information screen.

[0030] If, during a Level 1 response, the cumulative duration for which the final blood oxygen saturation value is below the warning threshold continues for the second predetermined time, a Level 2 response will be initiated, increasing the oxygen flow rate of the vehicle's oxygen generator to three liters per minute and displaying a severe oxygen deficiency warning on the central control screen. When the final blood oxygen saturation value recovers to the warning threshold, the oxygen flow rate of the vehicle's oxygen generator will be adjusted back to the Level 1 response level.

[0031] When the cumulative duration of the final blood oxygen saturation value being below the emergency threshold continues for the third predetermined time, a Level 3 response state is activated. A voice and interface prompt to stop safely at the nearest roadside will immediately pop up on the instrument panel and central control screen. The vehicle will automatically switch to the roadside safe parking mode, the vehicle control system will locate and park at the nearest safe roadside location, and simultaneously send a distress message to the emergency rescue center. The oxygen generator flow rate will be set to five liters per minute. The Level 3 response state will continue until the driver or rescue personnel actively press the release button on the central control interface to immediately stop oxygen production, cancel the automatic parking mode and end the distress message transmission, reset all timers, and restore normal monitoring status.

[0032] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of a high-altitude driving emergency response method based on steering wheel biosensors.

[0033] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of a high-altitude driving emergency response method based on steering wheel biosensors.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By integrating dual-wavelength optical sensing and a ring capacitive array into the steering wheel, this invention achieves high-precision, interference-resistant measurement of the driver's blood oxygen and grip status; based on adaptive threshold matching of real-time altitude, it enables continuous and smooth dynamic adjustment of warning and emergency response thresholds, accurately reflecting the impact of the high-altitude environment on physiological indicators; furthermore, through a tiered closed-loop emergency response mechanism, it provides comprehensive safety assurance from soft alerts to automatic intervention and rescue requests under different levels of hypoxia. This not only improves monitoring accuracy and warning targeting but also perfects emergency response procedures, significantly enhancing the active safety and reliability of driving at high altitudes. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a high-altitude driving emergency response method based on steering wheel biosensors. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily understood, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0039] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "example" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the invention. An embodiment appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single embodiment or an embodiment that selectively excludes other embodiments.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a high-altitude driving emergency response method based on steering wheel biosensors, including:

[0041] S1: A dual-wavelength optical sensor and a ring capacitor array are arranged on the steering wheel to collect the driver's original PPG pulse wave signal and grip contact area, and to calculate the driver's final blood oxygen saturation value.

[0042] Specifically, when the vehicle's barometric altimeter detects that the current altitude has reached the predetermined level, the vehicle's ECU sends an activation command to the steering wheel control module via the CAN bus, activating dual-wavelength optical sensors (wavelengths of 660nm and 940nm) located in multiple directions to simultaneously collect red light and near-infrared signals; a ring-shaped capacitor array built into the inner side of the steering wheel grip ring is used to detect the driver's grip contact area and grip pressure distribution in real time, and synchronously read data from each channel to ensure that the optical and capacitive signals are time-aligned.

[0043] The acquired raw PPG pulse wave signal is filtered, and then contact area compensation is performed on the filtered raw PPG pulse wave signal. The capacitor array outputs the current holding contact area. Since optical absorbance is inversely proportional to the contact area, the raw PPG pulse wave signal is normalized by area, as shown below:

[0044]

[0045] Where: D k (n) represents the area-compensated PPG pulse wave signal sampled at wavelength k for the nth time, s k (n) represents the original PPG pulse wave signal after the nth sampling and filtering at wavelength k, and A0 is the standard contact area during calibration. c (n) represents the grip contact area in the nth sampling.

[0046] To calculate blood oxygen saturation, the compensated light intensity ratio is converted into blood oxygen saturation using the dual-wavelength ratio method, expressed as:

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] SpO2(n)=A-BR(n)

[0050] Where: DC k (n) represents the average PPG pulse wave signal sampled at wavelength k for the nth time, where M is the number of sampling points, and x k (i) represents the original PPG pulse wave signal sampled at wavelength k for the i-th time, R(n) is the ratio of the two wavelengths, and D 660 (n) represents the area-compensated PPG pulse wave signal sampled at wavelength 660nm, DC. 660 (n) represents the average PPG pulse wave signal sampled at a wavelength of 660 nm, D940 (n) represents the area-compensated PPG pulse wave signal sampled at a wavelength of 940 nm, DC. 940 (n) represents the average PPG pulse wave signal of the nth sample at a wavelength of 940nm, SpO2(n) represents the blood oxygen saturation value of the nth sample, and A and B are instrument calibration coefficients.

[0051] To avoid the impact of short-term fluctuations on subsequent values, a moving average is applied to the blood oxygen saturation value to obtain the final blood oxygen saturation value, expressed as:

[0052]

[0053] in: Let be the final blood oxygen saturation value of the nth sample, and l be the moving average window length;

[0054] S2: Based on the real-time altitude during driving, perform altitude-adaptive blood oxygen threshold matching, and calculate the warning threshold and emergency threshold of the final blood oxygen saturation.

[0055] Specifically, the system dynamically matches the blood oxygen threshold based on real-time altitude. It obtains the current altitude from the vehicle's altimeter, predefines the upper standard blood oxygen limit and the lower tolerable blood oxygen limit, and calculates warning and emergency thresholds when the current altitude exceeds the initial reference altitude. These are expressed as follows:

[0056]

[0057] T em (h)=T pre (h)-β(h-h0) q

[0058] Wherein: T p (h) represents the warning threshold at the current altitude h, T min To the lowest tolerable blood oxygen saturation level, T max The upper limit of standard blood oxygenation is given by h0, the initial reference altitude (2500m), α is the attenuation coefficient (which can be fitted based on physiological experiments), and T... em (h) represents the emergency threshold at the current altitude h, β is the growth coefficient, and q is the growth exponent.

[0059] S3: Based on the obtained final blood oxygen saturation value, warning threshold, and emergency threshold, perform an emergency response for high-altitude driving and trigger the driving response state.

[0060] Specifically, based on the real-time acquired final blood oxygen saturation value, warning threshold, and emergency threshold, the duration is determined, and two timer variables are constructed: the cumulative duration of the final blood oxygen saturation value continuously being lower than the warning threshold and the cumulative duration of the final blood oxygen saturation value continuously being lower than the emergency threshold.

[0061] When the final blood oxygen saturation value is lower than the warning threshold for a cumulative period of time that lasts for the first predetermined time, the system enters the first-level response state, activates the vehicle oxygen generator, sets the oxygen flow rate to one liter per minute, and reminds the driver that the blood oxygen is too low by flashing orange on the head-up display and that he should pay attention to oxygen supplementation. At the same time, it will pop up an oxygen supplementation suggestion message on the driver's mobile phone or vehicle information screen. The activation and reminder actions will not be repeated until the conditions for upgrading or downgrading are met.

[0062] If, during a Level 1 response, the cumulative duration for which the final blood oxygen saturation value is below the warning threshold continues for the second predetermined time, a Level 2 response will be initiated, increasing the oxygen flow rate of the vehicle's oxygen generator to three liters per minute and displaying a severe oxygen deficiency warning on the central control screen. When the final blood oxygen saturation value recovers to the warning threshold, the oxygen flow rate of the vehicle's oxygen generator will be adjusted back to the Level 1 response level.

[0063] When the cumulative duration of the final blood oxygen saturation value being below the emergency threshold continues for the third predetermined time, a Level 3 response state is activated. A voice and interface prompt to stop safely at the nearest roadside will immediately pop up on the instrument panel and central control screen. The vehicle will automatically switch to the roadside safe parking mode, the vehicle control system will locate and park at the nearest safe roadside location, and simultaneously send a distress message to the emergency rescue center, including the current altitude and recent blood oxygen history curve. The oxygen generator flow rate will be set to five liters per minute. The Level 3 response state will continue until the driver or rescue personnel actively press the release button on the central control interface to immediately stop oxygen production, cancel the automatic parking mode and end the sending of the distress message, reset all timers, and restore normal monitoring status.

[0064] This embodiment also provides a computer device applicable to the situation of a high-altitude driving emergency response method based on steering wheel biosensors, including: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to implement all or part of the steps of the method described in the above embodiments of the present invention.

[0065] This embodiment also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it performs the method in any optional implementation of the above embodiments. The storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Red-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0066] The storage medium proposed in this embodiment and the data storage method proposed in the above embodiments belong to the same inventive concept. Technical details not described in detail in this embodiment can be found in the above embodiments, and this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the above embodiments.

[0067] In summary, this invention achieves high-precision, interference-resistant measurement of the driver's blood oxygen and grip status by integrating dual-wavelength optical sensing and a ring capacitive array into the steering wheel. Adaptive threshold matching based on real-time altitude enables continuous and smooth dynamic adjustment of warning and emergency response thresholds, accurately reflecting the impact of the high-altitude environment on physiological indicators. Furthermore, a tiered closed-loop emergency response mechanism provides comprehensive safety assurance, from soft alerts to automatic intervention and emergency assistance, under varying degrees of hypoxia. The overall solution improves monitoring accuracy and warning targeting, while also refining emergency response procedures, significantly enhancing the active safety and reliability of driving at high altitudes.

[0068] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for emergency response of highland driving based on steering wheel biosensing, characterized in that: The application relates to a method for monitoring the blood oxygen saturation of a driver during driving. The method comprises the following steps: a dual-wavelength optical sensor and a ring-shaped capacitive array are arranged on a steering wheel to collect the original PPG pulse wave signal and the contact area of the driver's hand holding the steering wheel, and the final blood oxygen saturation value of the driver is calculated; the dual-wavelength optical sensor is used to collect the original PPG pulse wave signal of the driver, and the ring-shaped capacitive array is arranged in the inner side of the steering wheel grip ring and used to collect the contact area and the pressure distribution of the driver's hand holding the steering wheel; the calculation of the final blood oxygen saturation value of the driver comprises the following steps: in: To be at wavelength Time The area-compensated PPG pulse wave signal after the second sampling. To be at wavelength Time The original PPG pulse wave signal after subsampling and filtering. The standard contact area during calibration. For the first The grip contact area for the next sample; the collected original PPG pulse wave signal is filtered, and the filtered original PPG pulse wave signal is compensated according to the contact area and represented as follows: wherein: is the average PPG pulse wave signal at the wavelength when the th sampling, is the number of sampling points, is the original PPG pulse wave signal at the wavelength when the th sampling, is the dual-wavelength ratio, is the area-compensated PPG pulse wave signal at the wavelength 660 nm when the th sampling, is the average PPG pulse wave signal at the wavelength 660 nm when the th sampling, is the area-compensated PPG pulse wave signal at the wavelength 940 nm when the th sampling, is the average PPG pulse wave signal at the wavelength 940 nm when the th sampling, is the blood oxygen saturation value at the th sampling, and is the instrument calibration coefficient; the blood oxygen saturation value of the driver is calculated by using a dual-wavelength ratio method and represented as follows: the blood oxygen saturation value is subjected to a sliding average to obtain the final blood oxygen saturation value; the real-time altitude during driving is used to adaptively match the blood oxygen threshold value, and the warning threshold value and the emergency threshold value of the final blood oxygen saturation value are calculated; 2. The steering wheel biosensing based high altitude driving emergency response method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a highland driving emergency response is performed according to the final blood oxygen saturation value, the warning threshold value and the emergency threshold value, and a driving response state is triggered. wherein: is the final blood oxygen saturation value of the th sample, is the sliding average window length.

3. The steering wheel biosensing based high altitude driving emergency response method as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the expression of the final blood oxygen saturation value is as follows: the adaptive matching of the blood oxygen threshold value according to the real-time altitude during driving comprises the following steps: in: Current altitude The warning threshold The lowest tolerable blood oxygen level. The upper limit of standard blood oxygen, As the initial reference height, The attenuation coefficient is... Current altitude Emergency threshold, The growth coefficient, This is a growth index.

4. The steering wheel biosensing based high altitude driving emergency response method as claimed in claim 3, wherein: a current altitude is obtained, and the warning threshold value and the emergency threshold value are calculated when the current altitude exceeds a starting reference height and represented as follows: the highland driving emergency response according to the final blood oxygen saturation value, the warning threshold value and the emergency threshold value comprises the following steps: the final blood oxygen saturation value, the warning threshold value and the emergency threshold value are continuously obtained, and two timer variables are constructed, that is, the accumulated time length when the final blood oxygen saturation value is continuously lower than the warning threshold value and the accumulated time length when the final blood oxygen saturation value is continuously lower than the emergency threshold value; when the accumulated time length when the final blood oxygen saturation value is lower than the warning threshold value lasts for a first predetermined time, a first-level response state is entered, the oxygen flow of a vehicle-mounted oxygen generator is set to one liter per minute, the driver is reminded in an orange flashing mode on a head-up display, and oxygen supply suggestion prompt information is popped up on the driver's mobile phone or a vehicle-mounted information screen; if the accumulated time length when the final blood oxygen saturation value is lower than the warning threshold value lasts for a second predetermined time in the first-level response, a second-level response state is entered, the oxygen flow of the vehicle-mounted oxygen generator is increased to three liters per minute, a serious hypoxia warning is displayed on a central control screen, and the oxygen flow of the vehicle-mounted oxygen generator is adjusted to the first-level response state level when the final blood oxygen saturation value rises to the warning threshold value; when the accumulated time length when the final blood oxygen saturation value is lower than the emergency threshold value lasts for a third predetermined time at any time, a third-level response state is entered, a voice and interface prompt for seeking a nearby safe parking position is popped up on an instrument panel and a central control screen, the vehicle is automatically switched to a safe parking mode along a roadside, a vehicle-mounted control system searches for and parks at a nearest safe roadside position, sends a help-seeking message to an emergency rescue center, sets the oxygen flow of the oxygen generator to five liters per minute, keeps the third-level response state until the driver or a rescue worker actively presses a cancel button on the central control screen, immediately stops the oxygen generation, cancels the automatic parking mode and ends the help-seeking message sending, and resets all the timers to restore a normal monitoring state.

5. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that: The computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the highland driving emergency response method based on steering wheel biosensing according to any one of claims 1-4.

6. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that: The computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the highland driving emergency response method based on steering wheel biosensing according to any one of claims 1-4.

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