Roadway full-section flexible net in-situ integrally-formed continuous supporting device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a roadway full-section flexible net in-situ integrally-formed continuous supporting device and method. The device comprises a cantilever type heading machine, a 3d printing system and a temporary supporting mechanism. The 3d printing system comprises a printing mechanical arm, a U-shaped sliding rail and a laser radar scanning module, the printing mechanical arm supports six-degree-of-freedom movement and is installed on the U-shaped sliding rail, a movable platform is arranged on the heading machine, a rail is fixed to the movable platform, the bottom end of the U-shaped sliding rail is connected with the rail, and the laser radar scanning module is connected with the laser radar scanning module. The laser radar scanning module is used for generating three-dimensional models of a top plate and two sides of a roadway. A cooling pressing plate is arranged on the printing mechanical arm, and the cooling pressing plate is used for cooling and pressurizing welding areas, generated by the printing mechanical arm, of the adjacent flexible net units. By means of regional continuous printing and optimization of a transverse connecting structure, the mechanical continuity of the flexible net formed through regional printing is ensured, full-section efficient supporting of the top plate and the two sides of the roadway is achieved, and the method is suitable for rapid intelligent construction of the large-section roadway under the complex geological condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent tunneling and support in coal mines, and in particular to a continuous support device and method for in-situ integrated molding of a full-section flexible net in a tunnel. Background Art

[0002] In the field of coal mine tunnel support, a support method combining metal mesh and anchor cables has long been widely used. Among them, metal mesh mainly includes wire mesh, steel mesh and other types. With its high initial strength, it forms a support structure on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock, playing a basic protective role in suppressing the collapse of coal and rock. However, the special humid and acidic environment underground poses a severe test to metal materials. The metal mesh will inevitably rust, resulting in a year-on-year decrease in material strength and a generally short support life. More importantly, the traditional connection method of using wire to tie between metal mesh pieces has structural defects. The shear strength of the node area can only reach 30%-40% of the parent material. During the dynamic deformation of the surrounding rock, shear slip failure is very likely to occur at the connection, which in turn causes safety hazards such as mesh tearing and local roof collapse, seriously threatening the long-term stability of the tunnel.

[0003] In response to the rust problem of metal mesh, some mines have tried to use polyester fiber flexible mesh as an alternative. This type of flexible mesh has good corrosion resistance and flexibility through the weaving and compounding process of polymer materials, which to a certain extent solves the problem of environmental adaptability of metal materials. However, in the construction process, the existing process still relies on manual mesh unfolding, positioning and binding operations, which is cumbersome. In terms of product structure, current flexible meshes are generally produced using prefabricated sheet structures. The size of a single mesh is limited by the specifications of the weaving equipment, and a large amount of splicing operations are required during on-site laying. Due to the lack of reliable mechanical connection devices, the joints are still connected by manual binding or simple snap-on connections, which leads to a decrease in the overall tensile strength of the mesh. Under conditions of large deformation of the surrounding rock, problems such as cracking of joints and separation of the mesh are prone to occur, making it difficult to form a continuous and effective support structure.

[0004] Furthermore, during tunnel excavation, uneven undulating areas often appear on the roof and cross-sections of the two sides due to factors such as geological conditions and the accuracy of cutting equipment. Existing prefabricated flexible meshes are produced using standardized molds, with uniform mesh thickness and fixed stiffness distribution. This makes it difficult to achieve a tight fit on uneven tunnel surfaces with large curvature variations. Excessive gaps between the mesh and the surrounding rock significantly reduce the efficiency of supporting force transmission. This failure not only weakens the flexible mesh's ability to wrap and restrain the crushed coal and rock, but can also cause local stress concentration, resulting in uneven anchor bolt force and further exacerbating the risk of failure of the tunnel support structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a continuous support device and method for in-situ integrated molding of a full-section flexible mesh in a tunnel. By continuously printing in different areas and optimizing the transverse connection structure, the mechanical continuity of the flexible mesh printed and molded in the partitions is ensured, and efficient full-section support of the tunnel roof and both sides is achieved. The device is suitable for rapid and intelligent construction of large-section tunnels under complex geological conditions.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a continuous support device for a tunnel with a full-section flexible net formed in situ, comprising a cantilever roadheader and a 3D printing system and a temporary support mechanism integrated on the cantilever roadheader body;

[0007] The 3D printing system includes a printing robot arm, a U-shaped slide rail and a laser radar scanning module. The printing robot arm supports six-degree-of-freedom movement. The printing robot arm is installed on the U-shaped slide rail and can move around the U-shaped slide rail; the U-shaped slide rail is vertically arranged on the body of the cantilever tunneling machine and the opening is facing downward. The top wall of the cantilever tunneling machine is slidably connected to a movable platform, and a track is fixed on the upper surface of the movable platform. The bottom end of the U-shaped slide rail is connected to the track, and the U-shaped slide rail can move forward and backward along the cantilever tunneling machine body track; the laser radar scanning module is used to generate a three-dimensional model of the top plate and two sides of the tunnel, and generate a printing path based on the model; a cooling pressing plate is provided on the printing robot arm, and the cooling pressing plate is used to cool and pressurize the welding area of ​​adjacent flexible mesh units generated by the printing robot arm; the temporary support mechanism is used to temporarily support the tunnel top plate.

[0008] Furthermore, an outer channel and an inner channel are provided in the printing robot arm, and both the outer channel and the inner channel are connected to the print head of the printing robot arm; wherein, the inner channel is used to supply adhesive, and the outer channel is used to supply printing material; during printing, the adhesive is first sprayed out from the print head through the inner channel to form a uniform bonding layer on the coal wall; thereafter, the print head heats up to melt and extrude the composite particles of the printing material; and the particles are covered on the bonding layer to form a flexible grid structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the adhesive is made by mixing epoxy resin and polyurethane, and the epoxy resin and polyurethane are separately packaged and stored in independent sealed compartments on the cantilever tunneling machine; during printing, the epoxy resin and polyurethane are transported to the mixing chamber of the print head through an independent high-pressure pump in a mass ratio of 3:1 for mixing.

[0010] Furthermore, the printing material of the 3D printing system adopts flame-retardant polyester fiber-carbon fiber composite particles.

[0011] Furthermore, the temporary support mechanism includes a lifting bracket, an articulated support plate and a flip support member. The lifting bracket is arranged on a cantilever tunnel boring machine, and the top output end of the lifting bracket is connected to the articulated support plate to drive the articulated support plate to move up and down. The articulated support plate is formed by hingedly connecting two support plates. A flip support member is provided between each support plate and the lifting bracket. The flip support member is used to drive the support plate to flip and fit the tunnel roof.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for continuous support of a tunnel with a flexible net formed in-situ and integrated throughout the entire cross-section, using the flexible net adaptive continuous support device described above; the support method comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1: The cutting head of the cantilever roadheader excavates a certain distance. Along the tunneling direction, the excavation area is divided into printing unit I and printing unit II. Printing unit I includes the roadway's left side area A, roof area B, and right side area C. Printing unit II includes the roadway's left side area D, roof area E, and right side area F.

[0014] S2: The movable platform on top of the cantilever roadheader drives the 3D printing system and temporary support mechanism forward to open the excavation area. Subsequently, the lifting bracket of the temporary support mechanism drives the articulated support plate to rise. The support plate near printing unit II flips upward under the action of the flip support member, fitting against area E of the top plate of printing unit II, providing temporary support for area E of the top plate of printing unit II.

[0015] S3: The printing robot arm and print head complete the integrated printing of the flexible mesh in the printing unit I area, following the printing path, in the order of left side area A, top plate area B, and right side area C, via the machine body track and U-shaped slide rail. During printing, the adhesive is first ejected from the print head through the inner layer channel, forming a uniform bonding layer on the coal wall. Afterwards, the print head heats up, melting and squeezing out the composite particles of the printing material, which then cover the bonding layer to form a flexible mesh structure.

[0016] S4: After the flexible net of the printing unit I area is generated, the anchor cable is installed in the roof area B;

[0017] S5: Anchor cables are installed in the left side area A and the right side area C of the printing unit I;

[0018] S6: The support plate of area E of the top plate of printing unit II is flipped downward and withdrawn. The support plate near printing unit I is flipped upward under the action of the flip support member and is attached to area B of the top plate of printing unit I, thereby temporarily supporting area B of the top plate of printing unit I.

[0019] S7: The printing robot arm and print head complete the integrated printing of the flexible mesh in the printing unit II area along the order of left side D area, top plate E area, and right side F area, through the machine body track and U-shaped slide rail according to the printing path. During printing, the adhesive is first ejected from the print head through the inner layer channel, forming a uniform bonding layer on the coal wall. After that, the print head heats up and melts and squeezes out the composite particles of the printing material, covering the bonding layer to form a flexible mesh structure.

[0020] S8: The print head of the printing robot moves to the junction of printing unit I and printing unit II. The print head heats up to melt the junction of the flexible web and fuse them together. Then, the cooling press plate is used to quickly cool the fusion area while applying a certain pressure to ensure that the flexible webs of printing unit I and printing unit II are fully in contact and fused together to form a whole.

[0021] S9: After the flexible net of printing unit I and printing unit II is integrally formed, the temporary support mechanism is lowered and recovered, the printing robot arm is recovered, and the cantilever roadheader continues to cut the coal body ahead, starting the next cycle;

[0022] S10: Repeat steps S1 to S9 until the required tunnel excavation and flexible net support operations are completed.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] 1. This invention has built a new technical system for adaptive 3D printing continuous support through triple breakthroughs in equipment integration innovation, process collaborative innovation, and material structure innovation. It has deeply integrated tunneling equipment with 3D printing technology to solve the core pain points of manual operation and splicing failure in traditional support. It has proposed dynamic path planning and fitting technology based on three-dimensional scanning to overcome the problem of support failure caused by uneven tunnels. Through layered printing and fusion molding technology, it has constructed an integrated high-performance flexible mesh support structure, significantly improving its integrity and durability. It has promoted the paradigm shift of coal mine tunnel support from prefabricated spliced ​​standardized support to in-situ formed adaptive support.

[0025] 2. Integrate the 3D printing system and temporary support mechanism into the cantilever tunnel boring machine to form a collaborative operation platform for excavation and support. This breaks the traditional separate process of excavation first and then manual mesh laying, realizes the mechanization and continuity of the support process, and significantly improves the efficiency of single-cycle operation compared with the existing process.

[0026] 3. The articulated support plate is equipped with a flip support, and the support plate adopts a grid-type plate body, which can automatically flip and fit effectively according to the curvature of the tunnel roof, and solve the problems of rigid support and poor fitting of traditional temporary support, providing a safe space for printing operations.

[0027] 4. LiDAR scanning generates a three-dimensional model of the tunnel. The printing path is planned based on the model, so that the flexible mesh can accurately fit the uneven coal wall, and the local error is controlled within 5mm. This effectively solves the contradiction between the standardized production of prefabricated mesh and the adaptability of irregular sections, and effectively improves the support force transmission efficiency.

[0028] 5. The inner channel is first sprayed with epoxy resin and polyurethane mixed adhesive to form a bonding layer, and the outer channel is melt-extruded with flame-retardant polyester fiber-carbon fiber composite particles. The two layers are composited by the bonding layer and the grid structure. Compared with the traditional manual binding mesh that only relies on friction, the bonding strength between the flexible mesh and the coal wall is significantly improved, effectively inhibiting the falling of broken coal rock.

[0029] 6. The print head heats up to melt the material and cooperates with the cooling press plate to achieve molecular-level fusion of the welding areas of adjacent printing units. The tensile strength of the joint can reach more than 90% of the parent material, and the integrity is significantly improved.

[0030] 7. The excavation area is divided into two printing units, front and back. Through the dynamic switching of temporary support mechanisms, the parallel operation of printing and support is realized, avoiding the time loss of traditional support when waiting for manual laying, and effectively shortening the cycle time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0033] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention used to embody the 3D printing system and temporary support mechanism;

[0034] Figure 4 It is the lane zoning diagram in the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Cantilevered tunnel boring machine; 11. Movable platform; 2. 3D printing system; 21. Printing robot arm; 211. Print head; 22. Cooling and pressing plate; 23. U-shaped slide rail; 24. Track; 3. Temporary support mechanism; 31. Lifting bracket; 311. Lifting cylinder; 32. Articulated support plate; 321. Articulated shaft; 322. Support plate; 323. Connecting sleeve rod; 33. Flip support; 4. Printing unit I; 41. Left side area A; 42. Top plate area B; 43. Right side area C; 5. Printing unit II; 51. Left side area D; 52. Top plate area E; 53. Right side area F. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are simplified schematic diagrams that illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner.

[0037] The invention discloses a tunnel full-section flexible net in-situ integrated continuous support device.

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 3 A continuous support device for a tunnel with a full-section flexible net formed in situ, comprising a cantilevered roadheader 1, a 3D printing system 2 and a temporary support mechanism 3 integrated on the body of the cantilevered roadheader 1;

[0039] The 3D printing system 2 includes a printing robot 21, a U-shaped slide 23 and a laser radar scanning module. The printing robot 21 supports six degrees of freedom movement. The printing robot 21 is installed on the U-shaped slide 23 and can move around the U-shaped slide 23; the U-shaped slide 23 is vertically arranged on the body of the cantilever tunneling machine 1 and the opening is facing downward. The top wall of the cantilever tunneling machine 1 is slidably connected to a movable platform 11, and the movable platform 11 can move back and forth along the tunneling direction of the cantilever tunneling machine 1; a track 24 is fixed on the movable platform 11, and the bottom end of the U-shaped slide 23 is connected to the track 24, and the U-shaped slide 23 can move back and forth along the track 24 of the cantilever tunneling machine 1; wherein, the forward and backward movement of the U-shaped slide 23 and the movable platform 11 can be driven by a ball screw mechanism, a gear rack mechanism, a cylinder, an oil cylinder and an electric push rod, as long as it can achieve its reciprocating forward and backward movement; the movement of the printer robot along the U-shaped slide 23 is driven by a gear rack mechanism.

[0040] The laser radar scanning module is used to generate a three-dimensional model of the tunnel roof and two sides, and generate a printing path based on the model; a cooling pressing plate 22 is provided on the printing robot 21, and the cooling pressing plate 22 is used to cool and pressurize the welding area of ​​adjacent flexible mesh units generated by the printing robot 21; the temporary support mechanism 3 is used to temporarily support the tunnel roof.

[0041] The printing robot 21 is provided with an outer channel and an inner channel, both of which are connected to the print head 211 of the printing robot 21; the inner channel is used to supply adhesive, and the outer channel is used to supply printing material; during printing, the adhesive is first sprayed out from the print head 211 through the inner channel, forming a uniform bonding layer on the coal wall; then, the print head 211 heats up to melt and extrude the composite particles of the printing material; and the particles are covered on the bonding layer to form a flexible grid structure.

[0042] The adhesive is a mixture of epoxy resin and polyurethane, which are packaged and stored in separate sealed chambers on the cantilevered roadheader 1. During printing, the epoxy resin and polyurethane are pumped into the mixing chamber of the print head 211 via an independent high-pressure pump in a 3:1 mass ratio for mixing. The printing material of the 3D printing system 2 is flame-retardant polyester fiber-carbon fiber composite particles, and the roadheader is equipped with a moisture-proof storage tank for storing the printing material. The flame-retardant polyester fiber-carbon fiber composite particles combine resistance to humid and acidic environments with high flexibility and flame retardancy, compensating for the strength deficiencies of existing polyester fiber meshes and the corrosion defects of metal meshes.

[0043] The temporary support mechanism 3 includes a lifting bracket 31, an articulated support plate 32, and a flip support 33. The lifting bracket 31 is mounted on the cantilevered roadheader 1. The top output end of the lifting bracket 31 is connected to the articulated support plate 32, driving the articulated support plate 32 to move up and down. The articulated support plate 32 is composed of two hinged support plates 322. The support plates 322 are constructed as grating plates, which not only make it easier to fit the tunnel roof but also avoid interference with subsequent anchor bolts. A flip support 33 is installed between each support plate 322 and the lifting bracket 31. The flip support 33 is used to drive the support plate 322 to flip and fit the tunnel roof.

[0044] The lifting bracket 31 consists of two lifting cylinders 311. The ends of the hinge shaft 321 between the two support plates 322 are pivotally mounted on the top ends of the piston rods of the two lifting cylinders 311. A connecting rod 323 is fixed to the bottom surface of each support plate 322 near the hinge shaft 321. The end of the connecting rod 323, which is away from the support plate 322, is pivotally mounted on the hinge shaft 321. The tilting support 33 is an electric push rod or cylinder. Two tilting supports 33 are installed on the bottom surface of each support plate 322, corresponding to the piston rod side of the lifting cylinder 311. The ends of the tilting supports 33 are respectively hinged to the bottom surface of the support plate 322 and the side walls of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 311.

[0045] The invention also discloses a continuous support method for in-situ integrally forming a flexible net across the entire cross section of a tunnel.

[0046] A method for in-situ integrated continuous support of a full-section flexible net in a tunnel is based on the flexible net adaptive continuous support device described above, and the specific method includes the following steps:

[0047] S1: The cutting head of the boom roadheader excavates a certain distance; refer to Figure 4 Along the tunneling direction, the excavation area is divided into printing units I4 and II5. Printing unit I4 includes left side A 41, roof B 42, and right side C 43. Printing unit II5 includes left side D 51, roof E 52, and right side F 53. Specifically, in this embodiment, the cutting head excavates 900 mm. The front 520 mm area is printing unit I4, and the rear 520 mm area is printing unit II5.

[0048] S2: The movable platform 11 on the top of the cantilever tunnel boring machine 1 drives the 3D printing system 2 and the temporary support mechanism 3 to move forward to the excavation area; then, the lifting bracket 31 of the temporary support mechanism 3 drives the articulated support plate 32 to rise, and the support plate 322 close to the printing unit II5 is flipped upward under the action of the flip support member 33, and fits the top plate E area 52 of the printing unit II5, thereby temporarily supporting the top plate E area 52 of the printing unit II5.

[0049] S3: The printing robot arm 21 and the print head 211 complete the integrated printing of the flexible network in the printing unit I4 area in the order of the left side A area 41, the top plate B area 42, and the right side C area 43 through the body track 24 and the U-shaped slide rail 23 according to the printing path; when printing, the adhesive is first sprayed out from the print head 211 through the inner layer channel to form a uniform bonding layer on the coal wall; then, the print head 211 heats up to melt and extrude the composite particles of the printing material; and covers the bonding layer to form a flexible grid structure; the printing path of this embodiment is a rectangular grid with a grid spacing of 50mm×50mm.

[0050] S4: After the flexible mesh of the printing unit I4 area is generated, anchor cables are installed in the top plate B area 42; specifically, the spacing between anchor cables is 800×900 mm, and the spacing between anchor cables is 2000×1800 mm.

[0051] S5: Anchor bolts and cables are installed in the left side A area 41 and the right side C area 43 of the printing unit I 4; specifically, the spacing between anchor bolts is 800×900 mm, and the spacing between anchor cables is 2000×1800 mm.

[0052] S6: The support plate 322 of the top plate E area 52 of the printing unit II 5 is flipped downward and retracted. The support plate 322 near the printing unit I 4 is flipped upward by the flip support member 33 and attached to the top plate B area 42 of the printing unit I 4, thereby temporarily supporting the top plate B area 42 of the printing unit I 4.

[0053] S7: The printing robot arm 21 and the print head 211 complete the integrated printing of the flexible network in the printing unit II5 area in the order of the left side D area 51, the top plate E area 52, and the right side F area 53 through the body track 24 and the U-shaped slide rail 23 according to the printing path; when printing, the adhesive is first sprayed out from the print head 211 through the inner layer channel to form a uniform bonding layer on the coal wall; then, the print head 211 heats up to melt and extrude the composite particles of the printing material; and covers the bonding layer to form a flexible grid structure; the printing path is a rectangular grid with a grid spacing of 50mm×50mm.

[0054] S8: The print head 211 of the printing robot 21 moves to the junction of the printing unit I4 and the printing unit II5. The print head 211 heats up to melt the junction of the flexible webs and fuse them together. Then, the cooling pressing plate 22 is used to quickly cool the welding area for 10s-20s. At the same time, a pressure of about 0.5Mpa is applied to ensure that the flexible webs of the printing unit I4 and the printing unit II5 are fully in contact and fused to form a whole.

[0055] S9: After the flexible net of printing unit I4 and printing unit II5 is integrally formed, the temporary support mechanism 3 is lowered and recovered, the printing robot arm 21 is recovered, and the cantilever roadheader continues to cut the coal body in front, starting the next cycle.

[0056] S10: Repeat steps S1 to S9 until the required tunnel excavation and flexible net support operations are completed.

[0057] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the single excavation length of the roadheader cutting head is 900mm, the length of printing units I4 and II5 is 520mm, and the anchor spacing is 800×900mm. Therefore, the anchor cable is only installed in printing unit I4. In some embodiments, the single excavation length of the cutting head is 1800mm, and the length of printing units I4 and II5 is 900mm. After completing step 9 above, anchor cables need to be installed in the top plate E area 52, the left side D area 51, and the right side F area 53 of printing unit II5.

[0058] This invention has built a new technical system of adaptive 3D printing continuous support through triple breakthroughs in equipment integration innovation, process collaborative innovation and material structure innovation; it has deeply integrated tunneling equipment with 3D printing technology to solve the core pain points of manual operation and splicing failure of traditional support; it has proposed dynamic path planning and fitting technology based on three-dimensional scanning to overcome the problem of support failure caused by uneven tunnels; it has constructed an integrated high-performance flexible mesh support structure through layered printing and fusion molding technology, significantly improving the integrity and durability; and it has promoted the paradigm shift of coal mine tunnel support from prefabricated spliced ​​standardized support to in-situ formed adaptive support.

[0059] With the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention as a guide, and with reference to the above description, relevant personnel are fully capable of making various changes and modifications without departing from the technical scope of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A continuous support device for a tunnel with a full-section flexible net formed in situ, characterized by: It comprises a cantilever tunnel boring machine (1), and a 3D printing system (2) and a temporary support mechanism (3) which are integrated and installed on the body of the cantilever tunnel boring machine (1); The 3D printing system (2) comprises a printing mechanical arm (21), a U-shaped slide rail (23) and a laser radar scanning module. The printing mechanical arm (21) supports six-degree-of-freedom movement. The printing mechanical arm (21) is mounted on the U-shaped slide rail (23) and can move around the U-shaped slide rail (23). The U-shaped slide rail (23) is vertically arranged on the body of the cantilevered tunnel boring machine (1) and has an opening facing downward. The top wall of the cantilevered tunnel boring machine (1) is slidably connected to a movable platform (11). A track (24) is fixed on the upper surface of the movable platform (11). The bottom end of the U-shaped slide rail (23) is connected to the track (24), and the U-shaped slide rail (23) can move forward and backward along the track (24) of the cantilever type tunnel boring machine (1); the laser radar scanning module is used to generate a three-dimensional model of the top plate and the two sides of the tunnel, and a printing path is generated based on the model; a cooling pressing plate (22) is provided on the printing mechanical arm (21), and the cooling pressing plate (22) is used to cool and pressurize the welding area of ​​adjacent flexible mesh units generated by the printing mechanical arm (21); and the temporary support mechanism (3) is used to temporarily support the tunnel top plate.

2. The tunnel full-section flexible net in-situ integrated continuous support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printing mechanical arm (21) is provided with an outer channel and an inner channel, both of which are connected to the printing head (211) of the printing mechanical arm (21); wherein the inner channel is used to supply adhesive, and the outer channel is used to supply printing material; during printing, the adhesive is first ejected from the printing head (211) through the inner channel to form a uniform adhesive layer on the coal wall; thereafter, the printing head (211) heats up to melt and extrude composite particles of the printing material; and the composite particles are covered on the adhesive layer to form a flexible grid structure.

3. The tunnel full-section flexible net in-situ integrated continuous support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adhesive is formed by mixing epoxy resin and polyurethane, and the epoxy resin and polyurethane are separately packaged and stored in independent sealed chambers on the cantilever roadheader (1); during printing, the epoxy resin and polyurethane are transported to a mixing chamber of a print head (211) by an independent high-pressure pump in a mass ratio of 3:1 for mixing.

4. The tunnel full-section flexible net in-situ integrated continuous support device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The printing material of the 3D printing system (2) adopts flame-retardant polyester fiber-carbon fiber composite particles.

5. The tunnel full-section flexible net in-situ integrated continuous support device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The temporary support mechanism (3) comprises a lifting bracket (31), an articulated support plate (32) and a flip support member (33); the lifting bracket (31) is arranged on the cantilever roadheader (1); the top output end of the lifting bracket (31) is connected to the articulated support plate (32) to drive the articulated support plate (32) to move up and down; the articulated support plate (32) is formed by hingedly connecting two support plates (322); a flip support member (33) is provided between each support plate (322) and the lifting bracket (31); the flip support member (33) is used to drive the support plate (322) to flip and fit the roadway roof.

6. A continuous support method for tunnel full-section flexible net in-situ integral molding, characterized by: The flexible net adaptive continuous support device according to claim 5 is used; the support method includes the following steps: S1: The cutting head of the cantilever roadheader (1) excavates a certain distance; along the tunnel excavation direction, the excavation area is divided into printing unit I (4) and printing unit II (5); printing unit I (4) includes the tunnel left side A area (41), the top plate B area (42), and the right side C area (43); printing unit II (5) includes the tunnel left side D area (51), the top plate E area (52), and the right side F area (53); S2: The movable platform (11) on the top of the cantilever tunnel boring machine (1) drives the 3D printing system (2) and the temporary support mechanism (3) to move forward to the excavation area; then, the lifting bracket (31) of the temporary support mechanism (3) drives the hinged support plate (32) to rise, and the support plate (322) close to the printing unit II (5) is turned upward under the action of the turning support member (33) and fits the top plate E area (52) of the printing unit II (5), thereby temporarily supporting the top plate E area (52) of the printing unit II (5); S3: The printing robot arm (21) and the printing head (211) complete the integrated printing of the flexible mesh in the printing unit I (4) area in the order of the left side A area (41), the top plate B area (42), and the right side C area (43) through the machine body track (24) and the U-shaped slide rail (23) according to the printing path; during printing, the adhesive is first ejected from the printing head (211) through the inner layer channel to form a uniform bonding layer on the coal wall; then, the printing head (211) heats up to melt and extrude the composite particles of the printing material; and the particles are covered on the bonding layer to form a flexible mesh structure; S4: After the flexible net of the printing unit I (4) area is generated, the anchor cable is installed in the top plate area B (42); S5: Anchor cables are installed in the left side A area (41) and the right side C area (43) of the printing unit I (4); S6: The support plate (322) of the top plate E area (52) of the printing unit II (5) is turned downward and withdrawn, and the support plate (322) close to the printing unit I (4) is turned upward under the action of the turning support member (33) and adheres to the top plate B area (42) of the printing unit I (4), thereby temporarily supporting the top plate B area (42) of the printing unit I (4); S7: The printing robot arm (21) and the printing head (211) complete the integrated printing of the flexible mesh in the printing unit II (5) area in the order of the left side D area (51), the top plate E area (52), and the right side F area (53) through the machine body track (24) and the U-shaped slide rail (23) according to the printing path; during printing, the adhesive is first ejected from the printing head (211) through the inner layer channel to form a uniform bonding layer on the coal wall; then, the printing head (211) heats up to melt and extrude the composite particles of the printing material; and the particles are covered on the bonding layer to form a flexible mesh structure; S8: The print head (211) of the printing robot (21) moves to the junction of the printing unit I (4) and the printing unit II (5), and the print head (211) heats up to melt the junction of the flexible web and fuse them together. Then, the cooling pressing plate (22) is used to quickly cool the fusion area, and a certain pressure is applied at the same time to ensure that the flexible webs of the printing unit I (4) and the printing unit II (5) are fully in contact and fused to form a whole. S9: After the flexible net of printing unit I (4) and printing unit II (5) is integrally formed, the temporary support mechanism (3) is lowered and recovered, the printing robot arm (21) is recovered, and the cantilevered roadheader continues to cut the coal body in front, and the next cycle begins; S10: Repeat steps S1 to S9 until the required tunnel excavation and flexible net support operations are completed.

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