A power protection device for a switching power supply

Abstract

A kind of over-power protection device of switching power supply belongs to power switch technical field, including cabinet, the inner wall of the cabinet is fixedly connected with box, and the both ends of box are fixedly installed with terminal, the inner wall of the box is provided with protection mechanism, to automatically protect the end of terminal when the device appears over-power, the protection mechanism includes several terminal protection covers, the inner wall of several terminal protection covers is all provided with sliding groove, the inner wall of the sliding groove is provided with ventilation mechanism, the inside of terminal protection cover is automatically ventilated and cooled, by the quick response of two terminal protection covers, merging is completed, automatically realize the protection of terminal, avoid its accidental contact with other elements or conductor, to prevent short circuit and risk of electric shock, dust and foreign matter can also be blocked, reduce end corrosion and leakage, prolong the service life of equipment, by intelligent real-time triggering to protect terminal, improve the safety of equipment when over-power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power switch technology, and in particular to an overpower protection device for a switching power supply. Background Technology

[0002] Switching power supplies, also known as switching power supplies or switching converters, are a type of power supply that uses high-frequency switching technology to efficiently convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). Through different architectures, they convert AC power into the voltage or current required by the user. By utilizing modern power electronics technology, they control the on and off time ratios of the switching transistors to maintain a stable output voltage. With the development and innovation of power electronics technology, switching power supply technology is also constantly innovating and is widely used in various fields.

[0003] As a digital upgrade of the traditional power system, the smart grid integrates advanced communication, sensing, computing and control technologies to achieve efficient energy allocation and supply-demand balance. As a core component of smart grid technology, the switching power supply is one of the key components for stable operation. During use, more attention needs to be paid to the over-power protection function. Through its real-time monitoring and rapid response characteristics, it plays a key role in improving the reliability of the smart grid, ensuring equipment safety and optimizing energy utilization.

[0004] For example, Chinese patents CN202022866289.9 discloses a switching power supply with overheat self-protection, CN202320456863.4 discloses a switching power supply protection device, CN202320104724.5 discloses a switching power supply protection device, and CN202421505429.1 discloses a switching power supply protection device, all of which are power switch related protection devices.

[0005] Therefore, during the use of switching power supplies, overpower situations may occur. Generally, the power supply and switch transmission are disconnected by blowing the fuse. However, current still flows at the end of the power output line. The current generates a magnetic field, which may attract some substances in the air. The attracted substances may adhere to the end of the power output line, reducing the insulation performance of the circuit, which may lead to short circuits or leakage, and in turn cause smart grid equipment failures or safety accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, and to propose an overpower protection device for switching power supplies.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an overpower protection device for a switching power supply, comprising a cabinet, wherein a box is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cabinet, and wiring terminals are fixedly installed through both ends of the box.

[0008] The inner wall of the enclosure is provided with a protective mechanism to automatically protect the ends of the wiring terminals when the device experiences overpower.

[0009] The protective mechanism includes several terminal protective covers, each of which has a groove on its inner wall. The inner wall of the groove is provided with a ventilation mechanism to automatically ventilate and dissipate heat inside the terminal protective cover when it overheats.

[0010] The ventilation mechanism includes several locking rings, each of which has a through groove. The inner wall of the through groove is provided with an air exchange mechanism to improve air circulation when ventilating and dissipating heat inside the terminal protective cover.

[0011] Furthermore, the protective mechanism includes two sliding plates, with a tension spring fixedly connected between the two sliding plates. A plurality of first springs are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing. The ends of the plurality of first springs away from the housing are fixedly connected to the side wall of the terminal protective cover. A fixing block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the terminal protective cover, and two sliders are slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixing block. A third spring is fixedly connected between the two sliders. A slot is provided on the side wall of the terminal protective cover, and the outer wall of the third spring corresponds to the inner wall of the slot.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer wall of the sliding plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing, the outer wall of the terminal protective cover is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing, and a fuse is fixedly installed between the two sliding plates.

[0013] Furthermore, the ventilation mechanism includes a fixed rod, the inside of the locking ring is slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixed rod, a second spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the locking ring, a sealing block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the through groove, and a shape memory alloy is rotatably connected to the top of the sealing block. A fixed plate is fixedly connected to the end of the shape memory alloy away from the sealing block, and a pressing rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed plate. A toothed groove is formed at the bottom of the sealing block, a protrusion is fixedly connected to one end of the locking ring, and a groove is formed at the other end of the locking ring.

[0014] Furthermore, both ends of the fixing rod are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove, the end of the second spring away from the locking ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove, the top of the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove, the end of the extrusion rod away from the fixing plate corresponds to the side wall of the shape memory alloy, the outer wall of the protrusion corresponds to the inner wall of the groove, and the inner wall of the locking ring corresponds to the outer wall of the terminal block.

[0015] Furthermore, the ventilation mechanism includes a first rotating shaft, and a gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft. An installation ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through groove, and a second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the installation ring. A fan blade is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second rotating shaft, and a winding assembly is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the through groove. A pull rope is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the winding assembly, and the end of the pull rope is wound around the outer wall of the second rotating shaft and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, both ends of the first rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the through groove, and the inner wall of the gear teeth meshes with the inner wall of the tooth groove.

[0017] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the enclosure, and an alarm is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the enclosure. The pressure sensor and the alarm are electrically connected.

[0018] Furthermore, a power supply assembly is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cabinet, and one end of the wiring terminal away from the cabinet is fixedly installed inside the power supply assembly. A switch assembly is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cabinet, and the other end of the wiring terminal away from the cabinet is fixedly installed inside the switch assembly.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the above solution has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. When the device experiences overpower, the two terminal protection covers quickly respond and merge, automatically protecting the terminals. This prevents the terminals from contacting other components, avoiding accidental short circuits caused by exposed terminals coming into contact with other conductors or metal parts, reducing the risk of electric shock, and protecting other components in the circuit from damage. It also blocks the intrusion of dust and foreign objects to some extent, reducing the risk of short circuits or leakage caused by factors such as end corrosion and leakage. Intelligent real-time triggering of protection at the terminal interface improves the efficiency of subsequent maintenance and enhances safety during overpower events.

[0021] 2. When the device experiences overpower, the shape memory alloy intelligently opens and closes the through slot by sensing temperature. The through slot can automatically open when the inside of the slot needs to overheat and automatically close after heat dissipation. This prevents the spread of thermal runaway and intelligently balances heat dissipation and protection performance. Timely heat dissipation of the terminals can prevent excessive heat generated by the terminals from causing equipment failure or damage due to overheating, thus improving the reliability and stability of the equipment. After heat dissipation, the through slot can automatically maintain the sealing of the terminals to protect them, preventing the terminals from coming into contact with contaminants and reducing the equipment failure rate. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure proposed in this invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cabinet proposed in this invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box proposed in this invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the sliding plate and the first spring proposed in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the terminal protective cover proposed in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the fixed rod and locking ring proposed in this invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and transmission of the sealing block and the second rotating shaft proposed in this invention.

[0029] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 1. Cabinet; 2. Box; 3. Fuse; 4. Protective mechanism; 5. Ventilation mechanism; 6. Air exchange mechanism; 7. Pressure sensor; 8. Alarm; 9. Power supply assembly; 10. Terminal block; 11. Switch assembly; 401. Sliding plate; 402. Tension spring; 403. First spring; 404. Terminal protective cover; 405. Slide rail; 406. Fixing block; 407. Sliding block; 408. Third spring; 409. 501. Slot; 502. Fixing rod; 503. Locking ring; 504. Second spring; 505. Through slot; 506. Fixing plate; 507. Extrusion rod; 508. Shape memory alloy; 509. Sealing block; 5000. Toothed groove; 510. Protrusion; 511. Groove; 601. First rotating shaft; 602. Gear; 603. Mounting ring; 604. Second rotating shaft; 605. Fan blade; 606. Rewinding assembly; 607. Pull rope. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top surface," "bottom surface," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated position or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish an entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not require or imply any actual relationship, order, or relative importance between these entities or operations.

[0032] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-5 An overpower protection device for a switching power supply includes a cabinet 1, a box 2 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cabinet 1, a pressure sensor 7 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the box 2, and terminals 10 fixedly installed through both ends of the box 2. A power supply assembly 9 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cabinet 1. One end of the terminal 10 away from the box 2 is fixedly installed inside the power supply assembly 9. A switch assembly 11 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cabinet 1. The other end of the terminal 10 away from the box 2 is fixedly installed inside the switch assembly 11. A protective mechanism 4 is provided on the inner wall of the box 2. The protective mechanism 4 includes a plurality of terminal protective covers 404, and the inner walls of the plurality of terminal protective covers 404 are provided with sliding grooves 405.

[0033] Furthermore, the protective mechanism 4 includes two sliding plates 401, with a tension spring 402 fixedly connected between the two sliding plates 401. Several first springs 403 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 2. The ends of the first springs 403 away from the housing 2 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the terminal protective cover 404. A fixing block 406 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the terminal protective cover 404, and two sliders 407 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixing block 406. A third spring 408 is fixedly connected between the two sliders 407. A slot 409 is provided on the side wall of the terminal protective cover 404. The outer wall of the third spring 408 corresponds to the inner wall of the slot 409. The outer wall of the sliding plate 401 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing 2. The outer wall of the terminal protective cover 404 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing 2. A fuse 3 is fixedly installed between the two sliding plates 401.

[0034] More specifically, under normal operating conditions, current is output from power supply component 9 through terminal 10, and then the current passes through fuse 3 to power switch component 11. Through the cooperation of fuse 3 and pressure sensor 7, the operating status of the device can be intelligently detected. If an overpower situation occurs during the use of the device, when the current in the circuit exceeds the rated value of fuse 3, the fuse inside fuse 3 will automatically blow. Because fuse 3 adopts a partially thinned design, the thermal stress generated when the fuse inside blows will cause fuse 3 to break simultaneously. At this time, the terminal 10 on both sides of the housing 2 can no longer transmit current through fuse 3.

[0035] Next, the two sliding plates 401 are no longer supported by the fuse 3. Then, the tension spring 402 will drive the two sliding plates 401 to slide along the inner wall of the housing 2 through tension. After the two sliding plates 401 slide relative to each other, the interface ends of the two terminals 10 will be exposed inside the housing 2. During the sliding process of the sliding plates 401, their surfaces will detach from the terminal protection cover 404, thus no longer limiting the terminal protection cover 404. Then, the release of the elastic force of the first spring 403 will drive the terminal protection cover 404 to slide. Then, the terminal protection cover 404 will move towards the corresponding terminals. When the interface end of terminal 10 is displaced, the terminal protective cover 404 will drive the fixing block 406 to slide into the slot 409 opened on the side wall of the other terminal protective cover 404. At the same time, the slider 407 will be squeezed by the inner wall of the slot 409. Then, the two sliders 407 will slide completely into the inside of the fixing block 406. After the fixing block 406 has slid completely, the elastic force of the third spring 408 will cause the two sliders 407 to engage with the inner wall of the corresponding slot 409. At this time, the two corresponding terminal protective covers 404 will stick together after sliding and complete the enclosure of the interface end of the terminal 10.

[0036] Although the circuit is disconnected, the terminal 10 connected to the power supply assembly 9 still carries voltage. The terminal 10 is protected by the combined two terminal protection covers 404, preventing the terminal 10 from contacting other components. This prevents the exposed terminal 10 from accidentally contacting other conductors or metal parts, which could lead to a short circuit and reduce the risk of electric shock. This protects other components in the circuit from damage and also blocks the intrusion of dust and foreign objects to a certain extent, reducing the occurrence of short circuits or leakage due to factors such as end corrosion and leakage. The automatic protection of the interface end of the terminal 10 can improve the efficiency and safety of subsequent maintenance.

[0037] Example 2, please refer to Figures 1-6Based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the inner wall of the slide 405 is provided with a ventilation mechanism 5, which includes several locking rings 502, and each of the locking rings 502 has a through groove 504.

[0038] Furthermore, the ventilation mechanism 5 includes a fixed rod 501, a locking ring 502 that is slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixed rod 501, a second spring 503 fixedly connected to the bottom of the locking ring 502, a sealing block 508 slidably connected to the inner wall of the through groove 504, a shape memory alloy 507 rotatably connected to the top of the sealing block 508, a fixed plate 505 fixedly connected to the end of the shape memory alloy 507 away from the sealing block 508, a pressing rod 506 fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed plate 505, and a toothed groove 509 formed at the bottom of the sealing block 508. One end of the locking ring 502 is fixedly connected to a protrusion 510, and the other end of the locking ring 502 is provided with a groove 511. Both ends of the fixing rod 501 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove 405. The end of the second spring 503 away from the locking ring 502 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove 405. The top of the fixing plate 505 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove 405. The end of the extrusion rod 506 away from the fixing plate 505 corresponds to the side wall of the shape memory alloy 507. The outer wall of the protrusion 510 corresponds to the inner wall of the groove 511. The inner wall of the locking ring 502 corresponds to the outer wall of the terminal 10.

[0039] More specifically, during the sliding and fitting process of the two terminal protective covers 404, the ventilation mechanism 5 will move synchronously through the slide groove 405. The protrusion 510 will engage with the groove 511 at the end of the other locking ring 502, so that the two locking rings 502 form a ring and fit against the outer wall of the terminal 10. After the two terminal protective covers 404 have moved, the slide groove 405 will become a sealed space, and the end of the terminal 10 will be located inside the slide groove 405, thereby further improving the protection effect of the terminal 10. Since there is still current flowing inside the terminal 10, its end will continue to generate heat. When the temperature inside the sealed space of the through groove 504 is too high, the shape memory alloy 507 will intelligently sense the temperature change and deform, thereby stretching and straightening.

[0040] During the deformation of the shape memory alloy 507, its end causes the locking ring 502 to slide along the outer wall of the fixing rod 501. Then, the second spring 503 is compressed, simultaneously causing the sealing block 508 to slide along the inner wall of the through groove 504. After the sealing block 508 slides, its bottom no longer blocks the through groove 504. The through groove 504 then connects the spaces above and below the locking ring 502. At this point, the space inside the slide groove 405 flows through the through groove 504 to the outside of the terminal protection cover 404, while the air outside the terminal protection cover 404... The material flows through the channel 504 into the interior of the slide 405, thereby automatically ventilating and dissipating heat inside the slide 405. When the internal temperature of the shape memory alloy 507 decreases, the supporting force of the shape memory alloy 507 on the locking ring 502 will weaken. Then, the elastic force of the second spring 503 being compressed will gradually exceed the supporting force of the shape memory alloy 507, which will then drive the locking ring 502 to slide back along the outer wall of the fixed rod 501. At the same time, the shape memory alloy 507 will be squeezed by the end of the extrusion rod 506, causing it to bend back into a bent state, thus preparing for the next heat dissipation.

[0041] Next, the end of the shape memory alloy 507 will drive the sealing block 508 to slide back along the inner wall of the through groove 504, thereby resealing the through groove 504. The shape memory alloy 507 senses the temperature and intelligently opens and closes the through groove 504. It can automatically open the through groove 504 when the inside of the slide 405 needs to overheat, and automatically close the through groove 504 after heat dissipation is completed. At the same time, it prevents the spread of thermal runaway, thus intelligently balancing heat dissipation and protection performance. Timely heat dissipation of the terminal 10 can avoid the excessive heat generated by the terminal 10, which may cause the equipment to malfunction or be damaged due to overheating, thus improving the reliability and stability of the equipment. After heat dissipation is completed, the slide 405 can automatically maintain the sealing of the terminal 10 to protect it, preventing the terminal 10 from contacting contaminants, thereby reducing the equipment failure rate.

[0042] Example 3, please refer to Figures 1-7 Based on Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, the inner wall of the through groove 504 is provided with a ventilation mechanism 6, and the outer wall of the cabinet 1 is fixedly installed with an alarm 8. The pressure sensor 7 and the alarm 8 are electrically connected.

[0043] Furthermore, the ventilation mechanism 6 includes a first rotating shaft 601, and a gear 602 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 601. An installation ring 603 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through groove 504, and a second rotating shaft 604 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the installation ring 603. A fan blade 605 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 604. A winding assembly 606 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the through groove 504. A pull rope 607 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the winding assembly 606. The end of the pull rope 607 is wound around the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 604 and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 601. Both ends of the first rotating shaft 601 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the through groove 504. The inner wall of the gear teeth of the gear 602 meshes with the inner wall of the tooth groove 509.

[0044] More specifically, as the sealing block 508 slides along the through groove 504, it drives the gear 602 to rotate synchronously via the toothed groove 509. The gear 602 then drives the first rotating shaft 601 to rotate along the inner wall of the through groove 504. During the rotation of the first rotating shaft 601, the pull rope 607 is wound around it, while the winding assembly 606 unwinds the rope. This process causes the wound second rotating shaft 604 to rotate, which in turn drives the fan blades 605 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the fan blades 605 then drives external air to quickly enter the sliding groove 405. Due to the internal locking ring 502 on the other side... The fan blades 605 are arranged in opposite directions, so the rotation of the other fan blade 605 can drive the air inside the slide 405 to be discharged quickly, thereby accelerating the automatic exchange between the slide 405 and the external space and improving the heat dissipation effect on the terminal 10. Then, when the sealing block 508 is reset and sliding, the pull rope 607 released by the rotation of the first rotating shaft 601 will be wound up by the winding assembly 606. During this process, the fan blades 605 will also be driven to rotate, so that the heat dissipation effect on the terminal 10 can be automatically improved without the need for an additional drive source, further reducing the possibility of equipment damage caused by overheating of the terminal 10.

[0045] When fuse 3 breaks, the two sliding plates 401 are displaced by the tension spring 402. When the sliding plates 401 slide along the inner wall of the box 2, they will contact the pressure sensor 7. Then the pressure sensor 7 will drive the alarm 8 to sound an alarm, thereby timely notifying the staff to carry out maintenance.

[0046] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Under normal operating conditions, current is output from the power supply component 9 through the terminal 10, and then the current passes through the fuse 3 to power the switch component 11. If an overpower situation occurs during the use of the device, when the current in the circuit exceeds the rated value of the fuse 3, the fuse inside the fuse 3 will melt. Since the fuse 3 adopts a locally thinned design, the thermal stress generated when the fuse inside melts will cause the fuse 3 to break simultaneously. At this time, the terminal 10 on both sides of the housing 2 can no longer transmit current through the fuse 3.

[0047] Next, the tension spring 402 will drive the two sliding plates 401 to slide through the tension, exposing the interface ends of the two terminals 10 inside the housing 2. During the sliding process of the sliding plates 401, their surfaces will detach from the terminal protective cover 404, thus no longer limiting the terminal protective cover 404. Then, the release of the elastic force of the first spring 403 will drive the terminal protective cover 404 to slide. Then, the terminal protective cover 404 will move towards the corresponding interface end of the terminal 10. After the corresponding two terminal protective covers 404 have slid, they will stick together and complete the enclosure of the interface end of the terminal 10. The two terminal protective covers 404 combined together protect the terminal 10, preventing the terminal 10 from contacting other components and preventing the exposed terminal 10 from accidentally contacting other conductors or metal parts and causing a short circuit. While the two sliding plates 401 are moving, when the sliding plates 401 slide along the inner wall of the housing 2, they will contact the pressure sensor 7. Then, the pressure sensor 7 will drive the alarm 8 to sound an alarm, thereby timely notifying the staff to carry out maintenance.

[0048] Since current still flows inside the terminal 10, its end will continuously generate heat. When the temperature inside the sealed space of the through groove 504 is too high, the shape memory alloy 507 will deform due to the temperature. Then it will be stretched and straightened. During the deformation of the shape memory alloy 507, its end will drive the locking ring 502 to slide along the outer wall of the fixing rod 501. Then the second spring 503 will be compressed, and at the same time, it will drive the sealing block 508 to slide along the inner wall of the through groove 504. At this time, the bottom of the sealing block 508 will no longer block the through groove 504. Then the space above and below the locking ring 502 will be connected through the through groove 504. At this time, the space inside the slide 405 will flow to the outside of the terminal protective cover 404 through the through groove 504. At the same time, the air outside the terminal protective cover 404 will flow to the inside of the slide 405 through the through groove 504, thereby realizing the function of ventilation and heat dissipation inside the slide 405.

[0049] It should be noted that all the devices in this application are common devices on the market, and can be selected according to the needs of specific use. The circuit connection relationship of each device is a simple series and parallel connection circuit. There is no innovation in the circuit connection part. Those skilled in the art can easily implement it. It belongs to the prior art and will not be described in detail.

[0050] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. An overpower protection device for a switching power supply, comprising a cabinet (1), characterized in that: The inner wall of the cabinet (1) is fixedly connected to the box (2), and both ends of the box (2) are fixedly installed with wiring terminals (10). The inner wall of the housing (2) is provided with a protective mechanism (4) to automatically protect the end of the wiring terminal (10) in the event of overpower. The protective mechanism (4) includes a plurality of terminal protective covers (404), and the inner walls of the plurality of terminal protective covers (404) are provided with sliding grooves (405). The inner walls of the sliding grooves (405) are provided with ventilation mechanisms (5) to automatically ventilate the interior of the terminal protective covers (404) when the interior of the terminal protective covers (404) is overheated. The protective mechanism (4) includes a sliding plate (401), the outer wall of which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing (2), the outer wall of the terminal protective cover (404) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing (2), and a fuse (3) is fixedly installed between the two sliding plates (401). The protective mechanism (4) includes two sliding plates (401), and a tension spring (402) is fixedly connected between the two sliding plates (401). A plurality of first springs (403) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (2). The ends of the plurality of first springs (403) away from the housing (2) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the terminal protective cover (404). A fixing block (406) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the terminal protective cover (404), and two sliders (407) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixing block (406). A third spring (408) is fixedly connected between the two sliders (407). A slot (409) is opened on the side wall of the terminal protective cover (404), and the outer wall of the third spring (408) corresponds to the inner wall of the slot (409).

2. The over-power protection device for a switching power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation mechanism (5) includes several locking rings (502), and each of the locking rings (502) has a through groove (504) extending through it. The inner wall of the through groove (504) is provided with an air exchange mechanism (6).

3. The over-power protection device for a switching power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ventilation mechanism (5) includes a fixed rod (501), the interior of the locking ring (502) is slidably connected through the outer wall of the fixed rod (501), the bottom of the locking ring (502) is fixedly connected to a second spring (503), the inner wall of the through groove (504) is slidably connected to a sealing block (508), and the top of the sealing block (508) is rotatably connected to a shape memory alloy (507). The end of the shape memory alloy (507) away from the sealing block (508) is fixedly connected to a fixed plate (505), and the bottom of the fixed plate (505) is fixedly connected to a pressing rod (506). The bottom of the sealing block (508) is provided with a toothed groove (509), one end of the locking ring (502) is fixedly connected to a protrusion (510), and the other end of the locking ring (502) is provided with a groove (511).

4. The over-power protection device for a switching power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both ends of the fixing rod (501) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove (405). The end of the second spring (503) away from the locking ring (502) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove (405). The top of the fixing plate (505) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove (405). The end of the extrusion rod (506) away from the fixing plate (505) corresponds to the side wall of the shape memory alloy (507). The outer wall of the protrusion (510) corresponds to the inner wall of the groove (511). The inner wall of the locking ring (502) corresponds to the outer wall of the terminal (10).

5. The over-power protection device for a switching power supply according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ventilation mechanism (6) includes a first rotating shaft (601), and a gear (602) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft (601). An installation ring (603) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through groove (504), and a second rotating shaft (604) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the installation ring (603). A fan blade (605) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second rotating shaft (604). A winding assembly (606) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the through groove (504). A pull rope (607) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the winding assembly (606). The end of the pull rope (607) is wound around the outer wall of the second rotating shaft (604) and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft (601).

6. The over-power protection device for a switching power supply according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both ends of the first rotating shaft (601) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the through groove (504), and the inner wall of the gear teeth (602) meshes with the inner wall of the tooth groove (509).

7. The over-power protection device for a switching power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that, A pressure sensor (7) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the enclosure (2), and an alarm (8) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the cabinet (1). The pressure sensor (7) and the alarm (8) are electrically connected.

8. The over-power protection device for a switching power supply according to claim 7, characterized in that, A power supply assembly (9) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cabinet (1). One end of the wiring terminal (10) away from the box (2) is fixedly installed inside the power supply assembly (9). A switch assembly (11) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cabinet (1). The other end of the wiring terminal (10) away from the box (2) is fixedly installed inside the switch assembly (11).

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