A method and system for intelligent reflector-assisted beam enhancement in 5G base stations

Abstract

A method and system for intelligent reflector-assisted beam enhancement in 5G base stations, relating to the field of wireless communication networks, is disclosed. In this method, several signal enhancement regions are identified; the direct and reflected paths from each enhancement region to the intelligent reflector array are calculated; signal loss values ​​on the direct and reflected paths are determined; priorities corresponding to the enhancement regions are determined; when the horizontal signal power is higher than the vertical signal power by a preset power value, the horizontal polarization sub-unit in the dual-polarization reflector unit is activated; when the vertical signal power is higher than the horizontal signal power by a preset power value, the vertical polarization sub-unit in the dual-polarization reflector unit is activated; when the difference between the vertical and horizontal signal power is less than a preset power value, both the horizontal and vertical polarization sub-units are activated simultaneously; and the phase of the activated polarization sub-units is adjusted. This application improves the stability and reliability of communication within high-speed railway stations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of wireless communication networks, and in particular relates to a method and system for intelligent reflector-assisted beam enhancement of 5G base stations. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development and widespread application of 5G communication technology, the quality of base station network coverage has become a key factor affecting user experience. In the complex electromagnetic environment of cities, due to factors such as building obstruction and multipath effects, 5G signals are prone to problems such as high penetration loss and numerous coverage blind spots, leading to decreased network performance and poor user experience. At the same time, base stations need to continuously transmit signals at high power, resulting in energy waste.

[0003] In related technologies, static beamforming is commonly used. This technique forms directional beams by pre-setting fixed phase weights in the base station antenna array to enhance signal coverage in specific areas. By adjusting the phase parameters of the antenna array, this technology can improve signal transmission quality, reduce signal penetration loss, and enhance network coverage.

[0004] However, in high-speed rail station applications, the waiting hall uses a metal dome structure, and the density of people varies significantly over time. Static beamforming technology generates multiple reflections and scattering during signal transmission. When a high-speed train enters the station, the rapid flow of a large number of passengers causes drastic changes in the electromagnetic environment. Combined with the reflection of signals by the metal structure, this causes a deviation between the preset beam direction and the actual requirements, leading to increased time-varying power of the received signal and reducing the reliability of the communication system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method and system for intelligent reflector-assisted beam enhancement of 5G base stations, which can be used to improve the stability and reliability of communication within high-speed railway stations.

[0006] In the first aspect, this application provides a method for intelligent reflector-assisted beam enhancement of 5G base stations, which determines several areas to be enhanced where the signal strength is lower than a preset signal strength threshold based on the signal strength values ​​of each monitoring point in the high-speed railway station collected.

[0007] Obtain real-time passenger flow density data in the waiting hall;

[0008] Calculate the direct path and reflection path from each region to be enhanced to the smart reflective surface array. The reflection path includes the path of the signal after being reflected by the metal dome structure.

[0009] The signal loss values ​​on the direct path and the reflected path are determined based on the received signal reflection intensity value and the preset signal transmission intensity value.

[0010] Based on the position of the pedestrian density data in the preset priority lookup table, the priorities of several areas to be enhanced are determined.

[0011] The signal power in the horizontal and vertical directions within the area to be enhanced is measured separately. When the signal power in the horizontal direction is higher than the signal power in the vertical direction by a preset power value, the horizontal polarization sub-unit in the dual-polarization reflection unit is activated. When the signal power in the vertical direction is higher than the signal power in the horizontal direction by a preset power value, the vertical polarization sub-unit in the dual-polarization reflection unit is activated. When the difference between the signal power in the vertical direction and the signal power in the horizontal direction is less than the preset power value, both the horizontal polarization sub-unit and the vertical polarization sub-unit are activated simultaneously.

[0012] The phase of the activated polarization sub-unit is adjusted so that the signal from the 5G base station, after being reflected by the intelligent reflective surface array, is different from the reflection path of all signals with a loss value greater than the preset loss value, and is aligned with each area to be enhanced according to priority.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, real-time acquisition of passenger flow density data in the waiting hall, combined with signal strength monitoring data, identifies areas requiring signal enhancement, thus avoiding ineffective signal coverage. Dual-polarized reflective units respond to signals in both the horizontal and vertical directions, selectively activating corresponding polarization sub-units based on signal power differences, making signal enhancement more directional and selective. By measuring signal loss values ​​along the direct and reflected paths, and combining this with priorities determined by passenger flow density data, the system can avoid propagation paths with significant signal loss, prioritizing the projection of limited signal resources onto densely populated areas with poor signal coverage, thus improving the utilization efficiency of signal resources. Simultaneously, the system considers the impact of the metal dome structure on signal reflection and uses an FPGA controller to adjust the phase of the reflective units in real time, enabling the system to establish a stable signal transmission channel in complex indoor environments and improving signal coverage quality within high-speed rail stations.

[0014] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, based on the signal strength values ​​collected from various monitoring points within the high-speed railway station, several areas to be enhanced where the signal strength is lower than a preset signal strength threshold are determined, specifically including:

[0015] The high-speed railway station is divided into several monitoring areas of equal size, with each monitoring point within the station as the center.

[0016] Collect signal strength values ​​at each monitoring point;

[0017] The monitoring areas with signal strength values ​​lower than the preset signal strength threshold are identified as areas to be enhanced, resulting in several areas to be enhanced.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, a uniform and complete signal strength distribution map is established by dividing the high-speed railway station into monitoring areas of equal size and collecting signal strength values ​​at each monitoring point. This grid-based monitoring method enables the system to accurately locate areas with signal strength below the threshold and draw a map of signal coverage blind spots, avoiding ineffective projection of signal resources into areas with good signal strength and improving the system's signal enhancement efficiency.

[0019] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the direct path and reflection path from each region to be enhanced to the smart reflective surface array are calculated, specifically including:

[0020] The installation height, azimuth and elevation angles of the intelligent reflective array, the three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring points in the area to be enhanced, and the shape parameters of the metal dome structure of the waiting hall are obtained. The shape parameters include the radius of curvature of the dome and the tilt angle of the reflective surface.

[0021] Establish a three-dimensional coordinate system with the center of the waiting hall floor as the origin;

[0022] Based on the installation height, azimuth angle, elevation angle, and three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring points, calculate the direct path vector from the intelligent reflective surface array to each monitoring point;

[0023] Based on the direct path vector and the shape parameters of the metal dome structure, the reflection path vector of the signal after reflection by the metal dome structure to each monitoring point is calculated using the geometric optical reflection law.

[0024] Convert the direct path vector and the reflected path vector into a direct path and a reflected path.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution and establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system with the center of the waiting hall floor as the origin, combined with the installation parameters of the intelligent reflective array and the structural parameters of the metal dome, accurate modeling of the signal propagation path was achieved. The signal reflection path of the metal dome structure was calculated using the geometric optics reflection law, accurately describing the multipath propagation characteristics in complex indoor environments. This provides accurate directional guidance for the phase adjustment of the intelligent reflective array, reduces energy loss during signal propagation, and improves signal transmission efficiency.

[0026] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after aligning the regions to be enhanced according to priority, the method further includes:

[0027] Obtain the functional types of each area to be enhanced, including security checkpoint, ticketing area, and waiting area;

[0028] Collect the MAC addresses of terminal devices in each area to be enhanced at preset time intervals;

[0029] Identify the type of application currently running on each terminal device based on the terminal device's MAC address;

[0030] When a payment application is detected, the signal latency requirement of the area to be enhanced is marked as high priority; when an audio / video application is detected, the signal bandwidth requirement of the area to be enhanced is marked as high priority; when an instant messaging application is detected, the signal stability requirement of the area to be enhanced is marked as high priority.

[0031] Calculate the proportion of different signal characteristic requirements in each region to be enhanced;

[0032] When the signal delay requirement accounts for the highest proportion, the vertical polarization subunit is activated to reduce the signal propagation path;

[0033] When the proportion of signal bandwidth requirement is the highest, both the horizontal polarization subunit and the vertical polarization subunit are activated simultaneously to improve signal capacity.

[0034] When the requirement for signal stability is the highest, the horizontal polarization subunit is activated to enhance anti-interference capability.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, the system can adaptively adjust the operating mode of the polarization subunit according to the signal characteristics and requirements of different types of applications. When payment applications account for a high proportion, the vertical polarization subunit is activated to reduce the propagation path; when audio and video applications account for a high proportion, the dual polarization unit is activated simultaneously to increase signal capacity; and when instant messaging applications account for a high proportion, the horizontal polarization subunit is activated to enhance anti-interference capabilities. This application-based signal optimization scheme enables the system to dynamically adjust signal characteristics according to the actual user needs, optimizing the quality of service while ensuring signal coverage and improving the user experience.

[0036] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the type of application currently running on each terminal device is identified based on the terminal device's MAC address, specifically including:

[0037] Obtain the data packet type of each terminal device based on the MAC address;

[0038] When the port number in the data packet type is the default port number for a payment application, the corresponding terminal device will be marked as running a payment application.

[0039] When the port number in the data packet type is the default port number for audio and video applications, the corresponding terminal device will be marked as running an audio and video application.

[0040] When the port number in the data packet type is the default port number for instant messaging applications, the corresponding terminal device will be marked as running an instant messaging application.

[0041] By adopting the above technical solution, the system can obtain the data packet type of the terminal device based on the MAC address, and mark the terminal device as running payment, audio / video, or instant messaging applications according to the port number in the data packet. This enables the system to accurately distinguish different types of applications, thereby determining the specific signal performance requirements of each terminal device and improving the system's resource utilization efficiency.

[0042] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after aligning the regions to be enhanced according to priority, the method further includes:

[0043] Within a preset time period before the train arrives or departs, the signal strength detection time interval for the area to be enhanced will be reduced by a preset factor.

[0044] When the signal strength change value of the area to be enhanced per unit time is greater than the preset change threshold, the activated polarization sub-units of the intelligent reflective surface array are divided into the first group of polarization sub-units and the second group of polarization sub-units.

[0045] The first group of polarization sub-units is controlled to maintain signal coverage in the region to be enhanced.

[0046] The reflection phase of the second set of polarization sub-units is adjusted according to the direction of the signal intensity change, so that the signal coverage area expands in the direction of the signal intensity change.

[0047] By adopting the above technical solution, the system addresses rapid changes in signal coverage demand within a preset time period during train arrival or departure by reducing the signal strength detection interval and grouping polarization subunits for control. When a signal strength change exceeding a threshold is detected within a unit of time, the system divides the polarization subunits into two groups: one group maintains the original coverage, while the other group expands its coverage area according to the direction of signal change. This grouping control mechanism enables the system to quickly respond to new signal demands while maintaining signal stability in the original area. By increasing the signal detection frequency, the system can detect signal coverage changes more promptly, and the grouping control strategy avoids the impact of the adjustment process on the original coverage area, improving the continuity and stability of signal coverage during rapid passenger flow.

[0048] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, adjusting the reflection phase of the second group of polarization sub-units according to the direction of the signal intensity change value specifically includes:

[0049] Obtain the signal strength distribution map of the area to be enhanced;

[0050] Determine the boundaries of regions where signal strength decreases in the signal strength distribution map;

[0051] Calculate the signal strength attenuation value at the region boundary;

[0052] When the attenuation value is determined to be greater than the preset attenuation threshold, the reflection phase of the second set of polarization sub-units is adjusted so that the direction of the reflected signal is aligned with the region boundary.

[0053] By employing the above technical solution, the system can accurately project signal enhancement effects onto areas requiring supplemental signal coverage. By setting a preset attenuation threshold as a trigger condition, over-response to minor signal fluctuations is avoided. Instead of a fixed preset scheme, the system adjusts the phase based on the actual measured signal distribution; this dynamic adjustment method based on measured data improves the accuracy of signal supplementation and enhances the system's energy efficiency.

[0054] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a 5G base station intelligent reflector-assisted beam enhancement system, which includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to one or more processors, and the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to cause the system to perform the method as described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0055] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed on a system, cause the system to perform the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0056] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product that, when run on a system, causes the system to execute the method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0057] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0058] 1. This application provides a 5G base station intelligent reflector-assisted beam enhancement method. By acquiring real-time passenger flow density data in waiting halls and combining it with signal strength monitoring data, it identifies areas requiring signal enhancement, avoiding ineffective signal coverage. Dual-polarized reflector units respond to signals in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively, and selectively activate corresponding polarization sub-units based on the signal power difference, making signal enhancement more directional and selective. By measuring signal loss values ​​on the direct and reflected paths and combining them with priorities determined by passenger flow density data, the system can avoid propagation paths with high signal loss, prioritizing the projection of limited signal resources onto densely populated areas with poor signal coverage, thus improving the utilization efficiency of signal resources. Simultaneously, the impact of the metal dome structure on signal reflection is considered, and the phase of the reflector units is adjusted in real-time by an FPGA controller, enabling the system to establish a stable signal transmission channel in complex indoor environments, improving signal coverage quality within high-speed rail stations.

[0059] 2. This application provides a method for intelligent reflector-assisted beam enhancement in 5G base stations. Based on the signal characteristics of different types of applications, the system can adaptively adjust the operating mode of the polarization subunit. When payment applications have a high proportion, the vertical polarization subunit is activated to reduce the propagation path; when audio / video applications have a high proportion, the dual polarization subunit is activated simultaneously to increase signal capacity; and when instant messaging applications have a high proportion, the horizontal polarization subunit is activated to enhance anti-interference capabilities. This application-based signal optimization scheme allows the system to dynamically adjust signal characteristics according to the user's actual usage needs, optimizing signal service quality while ensuring signal coverage and improving the user experience.

[0060] 3. This application provides a 5G base station intelligent reflector-assisted beam enhancement method. During a preset time period when a train arrives or departs, the method addresses rapid changes in signal coverage requirements by reducing the signal strength detection interval and grouping polarization subunits for control. When a signal strength change exceeding a threshold is detected within a unit of time, the system divides the polarization subunits into two groups: one group maintains the original coverage, while the other group expands the coverage area according to the direction of signal change. This grouping control mechanism enables the system to quickly respond to new signal demands while maintaining signal stability in the original area. By increasing the signal detection frequency, the system can more promptly detect trends in signal coverage changes. Simultaneously, the grouping control strategy avoids the impact of the adjustment process on the original coverage area, improving the continuity and stability of signal coverage during rapid passenger flow. Attached Figure Description

[0061] Figure 1 This is an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for intelligent reflector-assisted beam enhancement in 5G base stations according to an embodiment of this application.

[0062] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a signal enhancement method based on application type identification in an embodiment of this application.

[0063] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the physical device structure of a 5G base station intelligent reflector-assisted beam enhancement system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The terminology used in the following embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to include the plural expressions as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application refers to any or all possible combinations including one or more of the listed items.

[0065] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0066] The following example is used in conjunction with Figure 1 The present application describes a method for 5G base station intelligent reflector-assisted beam enhancement in its embodiments:

[0067] Please see Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for intelligent reflector-assisted beam enhancement of a 5G base station according to an embodiment of this application.

[0068] S101. Based on the signal strength values ​​of each monitoring point in the high-speed railway station collected, determine several areas where the signal strength is lower than the preset signal strength threshold and need to be enhanced.

[0069] The system determines several areas to be enhanced based on the signal strength values ​​of each monitoring point in the high-speed railway station. Specifically, this includes: dividing the high-speed railway station into several monitoring areas of equal size with each monitoring point as the center; collecting the signal strength values ​​of each monitoring point; and determining the monitoring areas with signal strength values ​​lower than the preset signal strength threshold as areas to be enhanced, thus obtaining several areas to be enhanced.

[0070] In this step, the system first deploys multiple monitoring points within the high-speed railway station to collect signal strength values ​​from each point. Then, the system divides the station into several equal-sized monitoring areas, each centered around a single monitoring point. Next, the system compares the signal strength value of each monitoring area with a preset signal strength threshold, identifying areas with signal strength values ​​below the threshold as areas requiring enhancement.

[0071] Specifically, the system can implement this step in the following way: First, multiple monitoring points are reasonably deployed within the high-speed railway station. The number and location of the monitoring points can be determined based on factors such as the area, structural characteristics, and signal coverage requirements of the high-speed railway station. Second, the system collects the signal strength value of each monitoring point through monitoring equipment. The time interval for collection can be set according to actual needs. Third, the system divides the high-speed railway station into several monitoring areas based on the location of the monitoring points. Each monitoring area is of equal size to ensure the balance of monitoring. Finally, the system compares the signal strength value of each monitoring area with a preset signal strength threshold. Monitoring areas with signal strength values ​​below the threshold are identified as areas to be enhanced, resulting in several areas to be enhanced.

[0072] S102. Obtain real-time passenger flow density data in the waiting hall;

[0073] In this step, the system needs to obtain real-time passenger flow density data of the high-speed rail station waiting hall as a basis for subsequently determining the priority of areas to be enhanced. The system can obtain real-time passenger flow density data in the following ways: installing passenger flow counting equipment, such as infrared sensors and cameras, in key areas such as the entrances and exits, ticket areas, and waiting areas of the waiting hall to count the number of people entering and exiting in real time. Simultaneously, the system can also indirectly estimate the passenger flow density of the waiting hall through ticket sales data and train information. The data obtained from different channels will be aggregated and analyzed to obtain real-time passenger flow density data for each area of ​​the waiting hall.

[0074] S103. Calculate the direct path and reflection path from each region to be enhanced to the smart reflective surface array;

[0075] The system calculates the direct and reflected paths from each area to be enhanced to the intelligent reflective array. Specifically, this includes: acquiring the installation height, azimuth, and elevation angles of the intelligent reflective array, the three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring points in the areas to be enhanced, and the shape parameters of the metal dome structure of the waiting hall, including the radius of curvature of the dome and the tilt angle of the reflective surface; establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system with the center of the waiting hall floor as the origin; calculating the direct path vector from the intelligent reflective array to each monitoring point based on the installation height, azimuth, elevation angle, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring points; calculating the reflected path vector of the signal after reflection from the metal dome structure to each monitoring point based on the direct path vector and the shape parameters of the metal dome structure; and converting the direct path vector and the reflected path vector into direct and reflected paths.

[0076] The purpose of this step is to calculate the direct and reflected paths from the intelligent reflective array to each area to be enhanced, providing necessary data support for subsequent signal enhancement control. This step requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors, including the installation parameters of the intelligent reflective array, the location of the areas to be enhanced, and the structural characteristics of the waiting hall. Accurate path information is obtained through geometric calculations and optical modeling.

[0077] In practice, the system first needs to obtain the following key parameters:

[0078] The installation height, azimuth, and elevation angle of the intelligent reflective array. These parameters determine the position and orientation of the intelligent reflective array in three-dimensional space, and are the basis for calculating the direct and reflected paths.

[0079] The three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring points in the areas to be enhanced. Each area to be enhanced has a corresponding monitoring point, and the coordinates of the monitoring point reflect the specific location of that area within the waiting hall.

[0080] The shape parameters of the metal dome structure in the waiting hall include the radius of curvature of the dome and the tilt angle of the reflective surface. These parameters determine the geometry of the dome's reflective surface and are crucial for calculating the reflection path.

[0081] The system needs to collect key parameters of the intelligent reflective surface array, the area to be enhanced, and the waiting hall environment in real time using various sensors and measuring devices. Specifically:

[0082] The installation parameters of the intelligent reflector array can be obtained through built-in attitude sensors (such as accelerometers and gyroscopes) and positioning modules (such as GPS and BeiDou). These sensors can accurately measure the spatial position and orientation angle of the reflector array and upload the data to the control center in real time.

[0083] The coordinates of monitoring points in the areas to be enhanced can be obtained by deploying dedicated signal monitoring equipment in each area. These devices are equipped with high-precision GPS positioning modules and signal strength measurement circuits, which can measure the coordinates and received signal strength of their location in real time and report the data to the control center.

[0084] The structural parameters of the waiting hall can be obtained through 3D modeling using technologies such as laser scanning and photogrammetry. High-precision 3D scanning equipment can quickly collect spatial structural data of the waiting hall, which can then be processed by computer to obtain an accurate 3D model and key parameters (such as dome curvature, reflector tilt angle, etc.).

[0085] After obtaining the above parameters, the system calculates the direct path and the reflected path according to the following steps:

[0086] A three-dimensional coordinate system is established with the center of the waiting hall floor as the origin. A three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is established with the center of the waiting hall as the origin, where the X and Y axes are parallel to the long and wide sides of the waiting hall, respectively, and the Z axis is perpendicular to the ground and pointing upwards. This coordinate system allows the positions of the intelligent reflective array, monitoring points, and the dome structure to be unified within a single spatial reference.

[0087] Calculate the direct path vector from the intelligent reflector array to each monitoring point. Based on the installation height, azimuth, and elevation angle of the intelligent reflector array, as well as the three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring points, the direct path vector from the center of the intelligent reflector array to each monitoring point can be calculated using trigonometric functions and vector operations. The starting point of this vector is the center of the intelligent reflector array, the ending point is the monitoring point, and the direction is from the intelligent reflector array to the monitoring point.

[0088] The reflection path vector of the signal after reflection from the metal dome structure to each monitoring point is calculated. Using the direct path vector and the shape parameters of the dome structure, and applying the laws of reflection in geometric optics, the position of the reflection point on the dome's reflecting surface, as well as the reflection path vector to the monitoring point, can be calculated. Specifically, the direct path vector is considered as the incident ray, and the dome's reflecting surface is considered as the reflecting surface. By calculating the incident angle and the reflection angle, and using trigonometric functions and vector operations, the reflection path vector is obtained.

[0089] The direct and reflected path vectors are converted into corresponding direct and reflected paths. For ease of subsequent analysis and application, the calculated path vectors need to be converted into actual propagation paths. Typically, a series of coordinate points is used to represent the path; these points are connected sequentially according to the signal propagation order to form a continuous path curve. Through interpolation algorithms and curve fitting techniques, a smooth and accurate path representation can be obtained.

[0090] S104. Determine the signal loss values ​​on the direct path and the reflection path based on the received signal reflection intensity value and the preset signal transmission intensity value.

[0091] The system first receives the signal reflected by the intelligent reflector array using a receiving device and measures the signal reflection intensity. Simultaneously, the system also needs to acquire a preset signal transmission intensity value, which is determined by parameters such as the 5G base station's transmit power and antenna gain, and can be set in advance according to the device parameters. After obtaining the signal reflection intensity and transmission intensity values, the system calculates the signal loss values ​​on the direct path and the reflected path by the difference between the two.

[0092] When calculating signal loss, the system needs to consider the following points: First, since the signal is affected by factors such as free space loss, atmospheric absorption, and diffraction during propagation, the system needs to select an appropriate loss model based on parameters such as the signal frequency and propagation distance. Second, the reflection characteristics of the intelligent reflector array also affect signal loss; the system needs to model and calculate the reflection loss based on parameters such as the material and structure of the intelligent reflector.

[0093] S105. Determine the priority of several areas to be enhanced based on the position of the pedestrian density data in the preset priority comparison table.

[0094] The purpose of this step is to determine the priority of each area to be enhanced based on the passenger flow density data in the waiting hall, so that the signal can be enhanced in each area according to the priority in the subsequent process.

[0095] The system first needs to establish a preset priority mapping table to map different ranges of pedestrian density to corresponding priorities. For example, pedestrian density can be divided into three levels: high, medium, and low, corresponding to priorities 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The smaller the priority number, the higher the priority.

[0096] When determining the priority of areas to be enhanced, the system compares the pedestrian density data of each area with a priority lookup table to identify the range of pedestrian density and obtain the corresponding priority. If the pedestrian density of an area to be enhanced is at a high level, then the priority of that area is 1, and so on. In this way, the system can assign a priority to each area to be enhanced, forming a priority list.

[0097] S106. Measure the signal power in the horizontal and vertical directions within the area to be enhanced, respectively; when the signal power in the horizontal direction is higher than the signal power in the vertical direction by a preset power value, activate the horizontal polarization sub-unit in the dual-polarization reflection unit; when the signal power in the vertical direction is higher than the signal power in the horizontal direction by a preset power value, activate the vertical polarization sub-unit in the dual-polarization reflection unit; when the difference between the signal power in the vertical direction and the signal power in the horizontal direction is less than the preset power value, activate both the horizontal polarization sub-unit and the vertical polarization sub-unit simultaneously.

[0098] The main purpose of this step is to selectively activate the polarization sub-units in the smart reflector array by measuring the signal power in the area to be enhanced, so as to achieve more refined signal enhancement control.

[0099] The system first needs to deploy measuring devices in each area to be enhanced to measure the signal power in the horizontal and vertical directions. The measured signal power data will be used as the basis for determining the activation of the polarization sub-unit.

[0100] Next, the system compares the signal power in the horizontal and vertical directions to obtain the difference. If the signal power in the horizontal direction is higher than a preset power threshold in the vertical direction, the system activates the horizontal polarization sub-unit in the intelligent reflector array, enabling it to participate in signal reflection and enhancement. Similarly, if the signal power in the vertical direction is higher than a preset power threshold in the horizontal direction, the system activates the vertical polarization sub-unit.

[0101] In some cases, the power difference between the horizontal and vertical signals may be small, failing to reach the preset power threshold. In this situation, the system will simultaneously activate both the horizontal and vertical polarization sub-units, enabling the intelligent reflective array to amplify signals in both directions at the same time.

[0102] In practical applications, signal power measurement results may contain some errors due to factors such as environmental noise and equipment precision. To improve the reliability of the judgment, the system can perform multiple measurements and average the results to reduce the impact of errors. Furthermore, the system can adaptively adjust the preset power threshold based on historical data and environmental factors to better adapt to different application scenarios.

[0103] S107. Adjust the phase of the activated polarization sub-unit so that the signal of the 5G base station after being reflected by the intelligent reflective surface array is different from the reflection path of all signals with a loss value greater than the preset loss value, and align it with each area to be enhanced according to priority.

[0104] The purpose of this step is to adjust the phase of the activated polarization sub-units in the smart reflector array so that the reflected signal avoids high-loss paths and is aligned with the region to be enhanced according to priority, thereby achieving the optimal signal enhancement effect.

[0105] When adjusting the phase of the polarization sub-unit, the system first needs to obtain the signal loss value of each reflection path calculated in step S104 and compare it with a preset loss threshold. For reflection paths with loss values ​​greater than the threshold, the system marks them as high-loss paths.

[0106] Next, the system determines the signal enhancement order for each region based on the priority list of regions to be enhanced. For the highest priority region, the system adjusts the phase of the activated polarization sub-units so that the signal from the 5G base station, after being reflected by the intelligent reflector array, avoids all high-loss paths and is aimed directly at that region as much as possible. This can be achieved by optimizing the reflection angle and polarization direction.

[0107] For lower-priority regions, when adjusting the phase of the polarization sub-units, the system needs to avoid high-loss paths while also considering the impact on higher-priority regions. Specifically, the system needs to ensure that aligning with lower-priority regions does not significantly reduce the signal strength of higher-priority regions. This may require trade-offs and compromises among multiple regions to be enhanced.

[0108] In practical applications, due to environmental factors and equipment characteristics, the reflection characteristics of intelligent reflective arrays may deviate from the theoretical model, resulting in unsatisfactory signal enhancement. To address this issue, the system can introduce an adaptive optimization algorithm. By monitoring the signal strength feedback of each region to be enhanced in real time, the phase of the polarization sub-units is dynamically adjusted to achieve optimal signal enhancement. Simultaneously, the system can periodically calibrate and recalibrate the intelligent reflective array to ensure its performance meets design requirements.

[0109] In the above embodiments, by acquiring real-time passenger flow density data in the waiting hall and combining it with signal strength monitoring data, areas requiring signal enhancement are identified, avoiding ineffective signal coverage. Dual-polarized reflective units are used to respond to signals in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively, and corresponding polarization sub-units are selectively activated based on the signal power difference, making signal enhancement more directional and selective. By measuring the signal loss values ​​on the direct and reflected paths and combining them with the priority determined by passenger flow density data, the system can avoid propagation paths with high signal loss, prioritizing the projection of limited signal resources onto areas with dense passenger flow and poor signal coverage, thus improving the utilization efficiency of signal resources. Simultaneously, the impact of the metal dome structure on signal reflection is considered, and the phase of the reflective units is adjusted in real-time by an FPGA controller, enabling the system to establish a stable signal transmission channel in complex indoor environments and improving the signal coverage quality within the high-speed rail station.

[0110] In the above embodiments, the system achieves efficient allocation of signal resources through real-time monitoring and intelligent adjustment. However, in practical application scenarios, terminal devices in different areas have different requirements for signal performance. For example, ticket purchase areas may focus more on signal stability to ensure the security of the payment process, while waiting areas may require greater signal bandwidth to meet passengers' entertainment needs such as watching videos. Therefore, to further improve the accuracy and practicality of signal enhancement, this application also provides a signal enhancement method based on application type recognition. The following is a combination of... Figure 2 The present application describes a signal enhancement method based on application type identification in its embodiments:

[0111] Please see Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a signal enhancement method based on application type identification in an embodiment of this application.

[0112] S201. Obtain the functional type of each area to be enhanced;

[0113] The system acquires the functional types of each area to be enhanced, including security checkpoints, ticketing areas, and waiting areas. In this step, the system needs to obtain the specific functional types of each area within the high-speed rail station to provide targeted signal enhancement strategies based on the characteristics of different areas. Typically, the main functional areas within a high-speed rail station include security checkpoints, ticketing areas, and waiting areas.

[0114] The system can obtain the functional types of each area in the following ways: First, during the initial deployment of the system, staff manually input the functional attributes of each area, forming a static regional functional database; second, it dynamically obtains the functional identifiers of each area by connecting with the information management system of the high-speed rail station. For example, the business type of each area can be queried in real time through API calls. Different area functions usually correspond to different signal requirements; for example, the ticket purchase area focuses more on signal security and low latency, while the waiting area requires higher bandwidth and continuous coverage.

[0115] S202. Collect the MAC addresses of terminal devices in each area to be enhanced according to a preset time interval;

[0116] After obtaining the functional types of each region, the system needs to further collect the MAC addresses of terminal devices within each region in order to identify the application type and service characteristics of the devices. The MAC address is a unique identifier for each network device, which can be used to determine the device's brand, model, and other information, thereby inferring the device's application scenario.

[0117] The specific data collection method is as follows: The system deploys dedicated sniffing devices in each area to be enhanced, passively monitoring the wireless signals within the area and extracting MAC address information. Considering device mobility, the system can periodically collect MAC addresses at preset time intervals (e.g., every 5 seconds), forming a dynamically updated device-area mapping table. The collection time interval needs to be optimized based on the actual device density and movement frequency, aiming to capture dynamic changes in devices as much as possible while avoiding resource waste caused by overly frequent sampling. Simultaneously, MAC address collection must strictly comply with relevant privacy protection regulations, and the collected data must undergo necessary anonymization processing.

[0118] S203. Identify the type of application currently running on each terminal device based on the terminal device's MAC address;

[0119] The system identifies the type of application currently running on each terminal device based on the terminal device's MAC address. Specifically, this includes: obtaining the data packet type of each terminal device based on the MAC address; marking the corresponding terminal device as running a payment application when the port number in the data packet type is a preset port number for a payment application; marking the corresponding terminal device as running an audio / video application when the port number in the data packet type is a preset port number for an audio / video application; and marking the corresponding terminal device as running an instant messaging application when the port number in the data packet type is a preset port number for an instant messaging application.

[0120] After collecting the MAC addresses of devices in each area, the system needs to further identify the type of application currently running on each device in order to infer its network requirements. Different types of applications typically correspond to different network needs; for example, payment applications prioritize security and latency, audio and video applications prioritize bandwidth and smoothness, and instant messaging applications prioritize connection stability.

[0121] The system can identify the application type of a device in the following ways:

[0122] The system obtains the data packet type of each terminal device based on its MAC address. It can then use DPI (Deep Packet Inspection) technology to parse the collected device data packets in real time, extracting key application-layer information such as HTTP request URLs and DNS query domain names.

[0123] The system determines the application type based on the characteristics of the data packets. For payment applications, the destination port number of the data packets is usually a preset special value (such as 8080); for audio and video applications, the payload of the data packets usually contains specific protocol headers (such as RTP, RTSP); for instant messaging applications, the interaction pattern of the data packets usually exhibits some unique timing characteristics (such as heartbeat packets, login packets). The system can pre-establish a rule base that maps application type to data packet characteristics, and quickly identify the application type by matching the characteristics of the data packets.

[0124] The identification results are associated with the device's MAC address to obtain a device-application type mapping table. The system can dynamically update this table to reflect changes in the device's application status in real time.

[0125] In actual identification processes, the parsing of data packets and rule matching consume significant computational resources, potentially impacting system real-time performance. Therefore, the system can employ optimization strategies such as using efficient pattern matching algorithms, setting reasonable sampling rates, and introducing multi-level identification mechanisms. Furthermore, since MAC addresses are easily forged, the identification results may contain some uncertainty. Therefore, it is necessary to combine other methods (such as device fingerprinting and behavioral analysis) for verification and supplementation.

[0126] S204. When a payment application is detected, the signal latency requirement of the area to be enhanced is marked as high priority; when an audio / video application is detected, the signal bandwidth requirement of the area to be enhanced is marked as high priority; when an instant messaging application is detected, the signal stability requirement of the area to be enhanced is marked as high priority.

[0127] Based on the application types of devices identified in each area by S203, the system can further determine the key areas for signal enhancement in different regions. Since different application types have different signal requirements, the system needs to adjust the network optimization strategies for each region accordingly.

[0128] Specifically, when a large number of payment applications are detected in a region, the system needs to mark the signal latency requirements of that region as high priority. The payment process typically involves multiple interactive verifications, requiring timely responses at each stage; otherwise, it can easily cause user anxiety and complaints. Therefore, the system needs to prioritize ensuring signal latency in payment areas by optimizing signal transmission paths and reducing protocol overhead to minimize the round-trip time of signaling interactions.

[0129] When a large number of audio and video applications are detected in a region, the system needs to prioritize the signal bandwidth requirements of that region. Audio and video applications typically require high data transmission rates to ensure smooth playback of media content. Insufficient network bandwidth can easily lead to problems such as video stuttering and audio distortion, severely impacting the user experience. Therefore, the system needs to prioritize meeting the bandwidth requirements of audio and video areas by maximizing available bandwidth resources through measures such as expanding channel capacity and compressing data redundancy.

[0130] When a large number of instant messaging applications are detected within a region, the system needs to prioritize the signal stability requirements of that region. Instant messaging applications have high requirements for network continuity and reliability, needing to ensure real-time message sending and receiving and synchronization. Network interruptions or excessive latency can lead to message loss or out-of-order delivery, affecting communication quality. Therefore, the system needs to prioritize ensuring signal stability in instant messaging areas by optimizing network topology and introducing redundancy backups to improve connection reliability.

[0131] S205. Calculate the proportion of different signal characteristic requirements in each region to be enhanced;

[0132] After determining the signal enhancement priorities for each region, the system needs to further quantify the relative weight of different priorities in order to formulate a more refined signal optimization strategy. This requires statistically analyzing the distribution proportion of different signal characteristic requirements within each region.

[0133] In practice, the system can count the number of devices with priority requirements for different factors such as latency, bandwidth, and stability in each area to be enhanced, and calculate their proportion within that area. For example, this can be calculated using the following formula:

[0134] Latency requirement percentage = Number of devices using payment applications / Total number of devices in the region

[0135] Bandwidth requirement percentage = Number of devices using audio / video applications / Total number of devices in the region

[0136] Stability requirement ratio = Number of devices using instant messaging applications / Total number of devices in the region

[0137] These percentage data can reflect the differences in signal demand in different areas, providing a reference for subsequent targeted optimization. For example, if the latency requirement in the ticket purchase area is higher, while the bandwidth requirement in the waiting area is higher, the system can adjust the network configuration of the two areas accordingly, such as adding transmission paths in the ticket purchase area and expanding channel bandwidth in the waiting area.

[0138] S206. When the proportion of signal delay requirements is the highest, activate the vertical polarization subunit to reduce the signal propagation path.

[0139] Based on the proportion of different signal requirements in each area calculated by S205, the system can adjust the working mode of the intelligent reflector accordingly, optimize the spatial path of signal transmission, and thus improve network performance in a targeted manner.

[0140] When the system detects that the proportion of latency requirements is the highest in a certain area, it indicates that the main applications in that area are payment applications, which are most sensitive to signal latency characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to shorten the signal propagation path as much as possible and reduce signal reflection and diffraction in space to lower end-to-end transmission latency.

[0141] One feasible optimization strategy is to activate the vertical polarization sub-unit in the intelligent reflector, making it operate in the vertical polarization direction. Compared to horizontal polarization, vertically polarized signals are less affected by the ground and obstacles during spatial propagation, allowing them to reach the target area more directly. By adjusting the reflection angle and gain of the vertical polarization sub-unit, the system can create a near-direct propagation path between the intelligent reflector and the terminal device, minimizing multiple signal reflections and thus reducing propagation delay.

[0142] The specific activation method can be achieved through the following steps:

[0143] Based on the spatial mapping relationship calculated by S103, the geometric positional relationship between the intelligent reflective surface and the target area is determined, and the ideal signal reflection angle is calculated.

[0144] Based on the signal wavelength and the structural parameters of the smart reflector, the optimal gain value for vertical polarization at this angle is calculated.

[0145] An activation command is sent to the control circuit of the intelligent reflective surface to adjust the reflection coefficient of each vertical polarization sub-unit so that it can form the maximum gain at the ideal angle.

[0146] Simultaneously suppress the operation of the horizontal polarization subunit to reduce unnecessary energy loss and interference;

[0147] Continuously monitor signal quality and latency performance, and dynamically optimize vertical polarization reflection parameters based on feedback data.

[0148] S207. When the proportion of signal bandwidth requirement is the highest, both the horizontal polarization subunit and the vertical polarization subunit are activated simultaneously to improve signal capacity.

[0149] When the system detects that the highest percentage of bandwidth requirements is in a certain area, it indicates that the main applications in that area are audio and video applications, which have high requirements for signal transmission rate and capacity. This necessitates maximizing the available bandwidth of the channel and increasing the data transmission volume per unit time to meet the rate demands of high-bandwidth applications.

[0150] One feasible optimization strategy is to simultaneously activate the horizontal and vertical polarization sub-units in the smart reflector, allowing the signal to operate in two orthogonal polarization directions simultaneously. This is equivalent to introducing an additional spatial degree of freedom within the same channel, which can significantly improve the channel's transmission capacity. Specifically, since horizontally and vertically polarized signals are spatially orthogonal, they can be transmitted simultaneously without interference, thereby achieving channel multiplexing and improving spectral efficiency.

[0151] S208. When the proportion of signal stability requirements is the highest, activate the horizontal polarization subunit to enhance anti-interference capability.

[0152] When the system detects that the highest percentage of applications requiring stability are located within a certain area, it indicates that the primary applications in that area are instant messaging applications, which have high requirements for signal continuity and reliability. This necessitates enhancing the signal's resistance to various interferences as much as possible, reducing the probability of signal interruptions and bit errors, to ensure stable and smooth communication.

[0153] One feasible optimization strategy is to activate the horizontal polarization sub-unit in the smart reflector, enabling the signal to operate in the horizontal polarization direction. Compared to vertical polarization, horizontally polarized signals are less affected by ground reflections and building obstructions during propagation, resulting in more stable channel conditions. This is because most interference sources (such as other communication systems and electromagnetic noise) are concentrated in the horizontal direction, and horizontally polarized signals can effectively avoid these interferences. Furthermore, horizontally polarized signals have stronger penetration capabilities, better bypassing obstacles and reducing signal fading due to shadowing.

[0154] In the above embodiments, the system can adaptively adjust the operating mode of the polarization subunit according to the signal characteristics requirements of different types of applications. When payment applications account for a high proportion, the vertical polarization subunit is activated to reduce the propagation path; when audio and video applications account for a high proportion, the dual polarization subunit is activated simultaneously to increase signal capacity; and when instant messaging applications account for a high proportion, the horizontal polarization subunit is activated to enhance anti-interference capabilities. This application-based signal optimization scheme enables the system to dynamically adjust signal characteristics according to the actual user needs, optimizing signal service quality while ensuring signal coverage and improving the user's actual user experience.

[0155] Furthermore, in another embodiment, after aligning each region to be enhanced according to priority, the method further includes: reducing the signal strength detection time interval of the region to be enhanced by a preset factor within a preset time period before the train arrives or departs;

[0156] When the signal strength change value of the area to be enhanced per unit time is greater than the preset change threshold, the activated polarization sub-units of the intelligent reflective surface array are divided into the first group of polarization sub-units and the second group of polarization sub-units.

[0157] The first group of polarization sub-units is controlled to maintain signal coverage in the region to be enhanced.

[0158] Adjusting the reflection phase of the second group of polarization sub-units according to the direction of the signal strength change value specifically includes: obtaining the signal strength distribution map of the area to be enhanced; determining the boundary of the area where the signal strength decreases in the signal strength distribution map; calculating the signal strength attenuation value of the boundary of the area; and when the attenuation value is determined to be greater than a preset attenuation threshold, adjusting the reflection phase of the second group of polarization sub-units so that the direction of the reflected signal is aligned with the boundary of the area, so that the signal coverage area expands in the direction of the signal strength change value.

[0159] The system first reduces the signal strength detection interval for the area to be enhanced by a preset factor (e.g., halving it) within a preset time period before the train's arrival or departure (e.g., 10 minutes prior). This means the system will monitor signal quality changes in the area more frequently to respond promptly to passenger movement and gathering. By shortening the detection interval, the system can more accurately capture instantaneous changes in signal strength, thus providing a more granular basis for subsequent adjustments.

[0160] When the system detects through high-frequency detection that the signal strength change in the area to be enhanced exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., 5 dB) within a unit of time (e.g., 1 minute), it will determine that a large-scale movement of people may have occurred in the area, causing blind spots or weak coverage in the original signal coverage. At this time, the system will divide the activated polarization sub-units in the intelligent reflective array into two groups, referred to as the first group and the second group, respectively.

[0161] The first set of polarization sub-units is designed to maintain signal coverage over the existing area to be enhanced, ensuring that communication for existing users remains unaffected. This sub-unit will maintain its original reflection phase and gain, continuing to provide stable signal service to the original coverage area.

[0162] The second group of polarization sub-units is responsible for dynamically expanding the signal coverage area to adapt to changes in passenger gathering locations. The specific adjustment strategy is as follows:

[0163] First, the system will obtain a signal strength distribution map of the area to be enhanced, which can be obtained by interpolating the signal strength of multiple monitoring points.

[0164] Then, the system will identify the boundary of the area where the signal strength is significantly reduced in the signal strength distribution map. This boundary reflects the approximate range of the area where passengers gather.

[0165] Next, the system will calculate the signal strength attenuation value at the boundary of the area. The larger the attenuation value, the worse the coverage quality of the area, and the higher the optimization intensity is required.

[0166] When the attenuation value exceeds the preset attenuation threshold (e.g., 10dB), the system will activate the second set of polarization sub-units and adjust their reflection phase so that the main direction of the reflected signal is aligned with the boundary of the region.

[0167] By continuously iterating and optimizing the phase of the second set of polarization sub-units, the system can dynamically extend the signal coverage area along the direction of personnel gathering until the attenuation value drops below the threshold or reaches the physical coverage limit of the reflective surface.

[0168] In the above embodiments, within a preset time period when a train arrives or departs, the system addresses rapid changes in signal coverage requirements by reducing the signal strength detection interval and grouping polarization subunits for control. When a signal strength change exceeding a threshold is detected within a unit of time, the system divides the polarization subunits into two groups: one group maintains the original coverage, while the other group expands the coverage area according to the direction of signal change. This grouping control mechanism enables the system to quickly respond to new signal demands while maintaining signal stability in the original area. By increasing the signal detection frequency, the system can detect changes in signal coverage more promptly, and the grouping control strategy avoids the impact of the adjustment process on the original coverage area, improving the continuity and stability of signal coverage during rapid passenger flow.

[0169] The system in the embodiments of this invention is described below from the perspective of hardware processing. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the physical device structure of a 5G base station intelligent reflector-assisted beam enhancement system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0170] It should be noted that, Figure 3 The structure of the system shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitations on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0171] like Figure 3As shown, the system includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 301, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a program stored in Read-Only Memory (ROM) 302 or a program loaded from storage portion 308 into Random Access Memory (RAM) 303, such as executing the methods described in the above embodiments. The RAM 303 also stores various programs and data required for system operation. The CPU 301, ROM 302, and RAM 303 are interconnected via a bus 304. An Input / Output (I / O) interface 305 is also connected to the bus 304.

[0172] The following components are connected to I / O interface 305: input section 306 including a camera, infrared sensor, etc.; output section 307 including a liquid crystal display (LCD) and speakers, etc.; storage section 308 including a hard disk, etc.; and communication section 309 including a network interface card such as a LAN (Local Area Network) card and a modem, etc. Communication section 309 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. Drive 310 is also connected to I / O interface 305 as needed. Removable media 311, such as a disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., are installed on drive 310 as needed so that computer programs read from them can be installed into storage section 308 as needed.

[0173] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing computer programs for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication section 309, and / or installed from removable medium 311. When the computer program is executed by central processing unit (CPU) 301, it performs the various functions defined in the present invention.

[0174] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium shown in the embodiments of the present invention can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination thereof. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example,—but not limited to—an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of a computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, optical fiber, portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In the present invention, a computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, wherein a computer-readable computer program is carried. The transmitted data signal can take many forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0175] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. Each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which contains one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in a block diagram or flowchart, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0176] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the system described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the system. The storage medium carries one or more computer programs that, when executed by a processor of a system, cause the system to implement the methods provided in the above embodiments.

[0177] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0178] As used in the above embodiments, depending on the context, the term "when..." can be interpreted as "if...", "after...", "in response to determining...", or "in response to detecting...". Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "when determining..." or "if (the stated condition or event) is interpreted as "if determining...", "in response to determining...", "when (the stated condition or event) is detected", or "in response to detecting (the stated condition or event)".

[0179] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid-state drive), etc.

[0180] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. This program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes described in the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM or random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent reflector-assisted beam enhancement in 5G base stations, characterized in that, The method is applied to a signal enhancement system, which is positioned at a preset location. The signal enhancement system includes an intelligent reflective surface array, which includes a preset number of dual-polarized reflective units. Each dual-polarized reflective unit includes a horizontally polarized sub-unit and a vertically polarized sub-unit. Each sub-unit undergoes phase adjustment via an FPGA controller. Based on the signal strength values ​​collected from various monitoring points within the high-speed railway station, several areas with signal strength below the preset signal strength threshold were identified as needing enhancement. Obtain real-time passenger flow density data in the waiting hall; Calculate the direct path and reflection path from each of the regions to be enhanced to the smart reflective surface array, wherein the reflection path includes the path of the signal after reflection by the metal dome structure; The signal loss values ​​on the direct path and the reflected path are determined based on the received signal reflection intensity value and the preset signal transmission intensity value. The priority of the several areas to be enhanced is determined based on the position of the pedestrian density data in the preset priority lookup table. The signal power in the horizontal and vertical directions within the area to be enhanced is measured respectively. When the signal power in the horizontal direction is higher than the signal power in the vertical direction by a preset power value, the horizontal polarization sub-unit in the dual-polarization reflection unit is activated. When the signal power in the vertical direction is higher than the signal power in the horizontal direction by the preset power value, the vertical polarization sub-unit in the dual-polarization reflection unit is activated. When the difference between the signal power in the vertical direction and the signal power in the horizontal direction is less than the preset power value, both the horizontal polarization sub-unit and the vertical polarization sub-unit are activated simultaneously. The phase of the activated polarization sub-unit is adjusted so that the signal from the 5G base station, after being reflected by the intelligent reflective surface array, is different from the reflection path of all signals with a loss value greater than a preset loss value, and is aligned with each of the regions to be enhanced according to the priority.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining several areas requiring signal enhancement where the signal strength is below a preset threshold based on the collected signal strength values ​​from various monitoring points within the high-speed railway station specifically includes: The high-speed railway station is divided into several monitoring areas of equal size, with each monitoring point within the station as the center. Collect the signal strength values ​​of each monitoring point; The monitoring areas where the signal strength value is lower than the preset signal strength threshold are identified as areas to be enhanced, thus obtaining several such areas to be enhanced.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the direct path and reflection path from each of the regions to be enhanced to the smart reflective surface array specifically includes: The installation height, azimuth and elevation angles of the intelligent reflective array, the three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring points in the area to be enhanced, and the shape parameters of the metal dome structure of the waiting hall are obtained. The shape parameters include the radius of curvature of the dome and the tilt angle of the reflective surface. Establish a three-dimensional coordinate system with the center of the waiting hall floor as the origin; Based on the installation height, azimuth angle, elevation angle, and three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring point, calculate the direct path vector from the intelligent reflective surface array to each monitoring point; Based on the direct path vector and the shape parameters of the metal dome structure, the reflection path vector of the signal after reflection by the metal dome structure to each monitoring point is calculated using the geometric optical reflection law. The direct path vector and the reflected path vector are converted into a direct path and a reflected path.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After aligning each of the regions to be enhanced according to the said priority, the method further includes: Obtain the functional type of each of the areas to be enhanced, including security check area, ticket purchase area and waiting area; Collect the MAC addresses of terminal devices in each of the areas to be enhanced at preset time intervals; The type of application currently running on each terminal device is identified based on the terminal device's MAC address; When a payment application is detected, the signal latency requirement of the area to be enhanced is marked as high priority; when an audio / video application is detected, the signal bandwidth requirement of the area to be enhanced is marked as high priority; when an instant messaging application is detected, the signal stability requirement of the area to be enhanced is marked as high priority. Calculate the proportion of different signal feature requirements in each of the regions to be enhanced; When the proportion of the signal delay requirement is the highest, the vertical polarization subunit is activated to reduce the signal propagation path; When the proportion of the signal bandwidth requirement is the highest, the horizontal polarization subunit and the vertical polarization subunit are activated simultaneously to improve the signal capacity. When the proportion of signal stability requirements is the highest, the horizontal polarization subunit is activated to enhance anti-interference capability.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of identifying the type of application currently running on each terminal device based on the terminal device's MAC address specifically includes: The data packet type of each terminal device is obtained based on the MAC address; When the port number in the data packet type is a preset payment application port number, the corresponding terminal device will be marked as running a payment application; When the port number in the data packet type is a preset audio / video application port number, the corresponding terminal device is marked as running an audio / video application; When the port number in the data packet type is a preset port number for an instant messaging application, the corresponding terminal device is marked as running an instant messaging application.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After aligning each of the regions to be enhanced according to the said priority, the method further includes: Within a preset time period before the train arrives or departs, the signal strength detection time interval for the area to be enhanced will be reduced by a preset factor. When the signal strength change value of the region to be enhanced is greater than a preset change threshold within a unit time, the activated polarization sub-units of the intelligent reflective surface array are divided into a first group of polarization sub-units and a second group of polarization sub-units. The first group of polarization subunits is controlled to maintain signal coverage over the region to be enhanced. The reflection phase of the second group of polarization sub-units is adjusted according to the direction of the signal intensity change value, so that the signal coverage area expands in the direction of the signal intensity change value.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the reflection phase of the second group of polarization sub-units according to the direction of the signal intensity change specifically includes: Obtain the signal strength distribution map of the region to be enhanced; Determine the boundaries of the regions where signal strength decreases in the signal strength distribution map; Calculate the signal strength attenuation value at the boundary of the region; When the attenuation value is determined to be greater than the preset attenuation threshold, the reflection phase of the second group of polarization sub-units is adjusted so that the direction of the reflected signal is aligned with the boundary of the region.

8. A 5G base station intelligent reflector-assisted beam enhancement system, characterized in that, The system includes: One or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory being used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, the one or more processors invoking the computer instructions to cause the system to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, characterized in that, When the instructions are executed on the system, the system performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, When the computer program product is run on the system, the system performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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