Photovoltaic glass and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention provides photovoltaic glass and a photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic glass comprises a body which is provided with a light receiving surface and a backlight surface which are oppositely arranged; the light-transmitting structures are formed on the body, each light-transmitting structure is formed by sinking inwards from the light receiving face of the body, and at least one pit is formed in the bottom of each light-transmitting structure. In the photovoltaic glass provided by the invention, each light-transmitting structure is formed by recessing inwards from the light receiving surface of the body, so that the optical path of incident light is prolonged, and more incident light enters the photovoltaic battery piece downwards. At least one pit is formed in the bottom of each light-transmitting structure, the number of times of reflection of incident light of different incident angles can be increased, most of the incident light can be emitted to a photovoltaic cell at a small incident angle by effectively changing an optical path, and therefore the transmittance and utilization rate of the incident light are improved, optical loss is reduced, and the service life of the photovoltaic cell is prolonged. And the generating capacity of the photovoltaic module is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic modules, and in particular relates to photovoltaic glass and photovoltaic modules. Background Art

[0002] In current photovoltaic modules, the actual operating environment is often oblique, with most light incident on the module being incident at a relatively short vertical incidence. Under oblique illumination, the transmittance of the photovoltaic glass (i.e., the transparent front panel) differs from that under vertical illumination, significantly reducing its transmittance. Furthermore, the absorption rate of crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells decreases under oblique illumination. Combined with these two factors, the power output of the photovoltaic module is significantly reduced, and light loss increases. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application provides a photovoltaic glass and a photovoltaic module to solve the technical problem of low transmittance of existing photovoltaic glass under oblique incident light conditions.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present application, a photovoltaic glass is provided, which includes: a main body having a light-receiving surface and a backlight surface arranged opposite to each other; and a plurality of light-transmitting structures formed on the main body, each of the light-transmitting structures being recessed inward from the light-receiving surface of the main body, and at least one pit being formed at the bottom of each of the light-transmitting structures.

[0005] In some embodiments, each of the light-transmitting structures includes at least one light-transmitting unit, and a pit is formed at the bottom of each of the light-transmitting units.

[0006] In some embodiments, there are multiple light-transmitting units, which are arranged in sequence; and a first protrusion is formed on the main body at the connection position between two adjacent light-transmitting units.

[0007] In some embodiments, a plurality of the light-transmitting units are sequentially arranged along the length direction or the width direction of the body.

[0008] In some embodiments, a plurality of the light-transmitting units are arranged in a circle around each other, and a second protrusion is formed on the body protruding from the innermost light-transmitting unit.

[0009] In some embodiments, the height of the second protrusion is greater than the height of the first protrusion.

[0010] In some embodiments, the body is a glass substrate, and the plurality of light-transmitting structures are formed on the glass substrate.

[0011] In some embodiments, the body includes a glass substrate and a coating layer stacked along a thickness direction thereof, and the plurality of light-transmitting structures are disposed on the coating layer.

[0012] In some embodiments, a projection width W of each of the light-transmitting structures on the body is not less than 2 μm.

[0013] In some embodiments, the distance between two adjacent light-transmitting structures is D, 0≦D≦100 um.

[0014] In some embodiments, the recess depth of each of the light-transmitting structures at the lowest point of the pit is H, 10 μm. <H<200um。

[0015] In some embodiments, the curvature of the inner surface of each of the dimples is no greater than 0.5.

[0016] In some embodiments, the ratio of the total projection area of ​​the plurality of light-transmitting structures on the body to the surface area of ​​the light-receiving surface of the body is not less than 20%.

[0017] In some embodiments, the light-transmitting structure is in the shape of a cylinder, a truncated cone, a square cone, or a trough.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present application, a photovoltaic assembly is provided, comprising: photovoltaic glass; and a plurality of interconnected photovoltaic cells, wherein the photovoltaic glass covers the plurality of photovoltaic cells and the photovoltaic glass is the photovoltaic glass described above.

[0019] In summary, the photovoltaic glass and photovoltaic module provided by this application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] In the photovoltaic glass of this application, each light-transmitting structure is recessed inward from the light-receiving surface of the main body, extending the optical path of the incident light, allowing more incident light to enter the photovoltaic cell downward. Each light-transmitting structure has at least one pit formed at the bottom. This pit increases the number of reflections of incident light at different angles of incidence, effectively changing the optical path so that most incident light can strike the photovoltaic cell at a smaller angle of incidence. This improves the transmittance and utilization of the incident light, reduces optical losses, and thus increases the power generation of the photovoltaic module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort.

[0022] Figure 1 A top view of a photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 A top view of another photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first light-transmitting structure of photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a second light-transmitting structure of the photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the local structure of one of the light-transmitting structures;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A top view of the light-transmitting structure in FIG.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the third light-transmitting structure of the photovoltaic glass provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A top view of the light-transmitting structure in FIG.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the fourth light-transmitting structure of the photovoltaic glass provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of the fifth light-transmitting structure of the photovoltaic glass provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of the sixth light-transmitting structure of the photovoltaic glass provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 12 A schematic structural diagram of the photovoltaic glass body provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 13 This is another structural schematic diagram of the main body of the photovoltaic glass provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0035] The accompanying drawings are numerals as follows:

[0036] 100. Photovoltaic glass;

[0037] 10. Main body; 11. Glass substrate; 12. Coating layer;

[0038] 20. Light-transmitting structure; 21. Light-transmitting unit; 21A. First light-transmitting unit; 21B. Second light-transmitting unit; A. Concave pit; B. First protrusion; C. Second protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the above and other features and advantages of the present application more clear, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments given herein are for the purpose of explaining to those skilled in the art and are only exemplary and not restrictive.

[0040] In the description of this application, features qualified by "first" or "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features. Features qualified by "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the qualified features. If the term "plurality" appears in the description, it generally means at least two, such as two or three, unless otherwise specifically qualified.

[0041] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, removable connections, or integration; mechanical connections, electrical connections, direct connections, or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] In the description of this application, if the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" appear, it means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0043] The photovoltaic assembly of the embodiment of the present application includes a photovoltaic glass 100 and a plurality of photovoltaic cells connected to each other, and the photovoltaic glass 100 covers the plurality of photovoltaic cells.

[0044] Among them, several photovoltaic cells are used to generate electricity. On the one hand, the photovoltaic glass 100 can provide physical protection and chemical isolation for the photovoltaic cells, so that the photovoltaic modules can be used in different environments (such as wind pressure, hail, day and night temperature difference, etc.) and can extend the service life of the photovoltaic modules. On the other hand, the transmittance and reflectivity of the photovoltaic glass 100 will affect the power generation of the photovoltaic modules. By increasing the transmittance of the photovoltaic glass 100 and / or reducing the reflectivity of the photovoltaic glass 100, the power generation of the photovoltaic modules can be effectively improved.

[0045] Therefore, in the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present application, based on the increased transmittance and reduced reflectivity of the photovoltaic glass 100, when light is obliquely incident on the photovoltaic glass 100, optical losses can be reduced, thereby increasing the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0046] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The photovoltaic glass 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes a main body 10 and a plurality of light-transmitting structures 20 .

[0047] The body 10 has a light-receiving surface and a light-repelling surface that are oppositely arranged in the thickness direction. The light-receiving surface of the body 10 is arranged away from the photovoltaic cell, and the light-repelling surface is arranged facing the photovoltaic cell.

[0048] The plurality of light-transmitting structures 20 can be formed on the body 10 at intervals or continuously. When the plurality of light-transmitting structures 20 are continuously arranged on the body 10, the spacing between two adjacent light-transmitting structures 20 is 0; when the plurality of light-transmitting structures 20 are arranged on the body 10 at intervals, the plurality of light-transmitting structures 20 can be arranged according to a certain rule (such as equal intervals, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , the plurality of electrodes are arranged on the main body 10, or they can be arranged on the main body 10 in a disordered manner (such as at unequal intervals).

[0049] See also Figures 3 to 11 Each light-transmitting structure 20 is recessed inward from the light-receiving surface of the body 10 , and at least one pit A is formed at the bottom of each light-transmitting structure 20 .

[0050] Each light-transmitting structure 20 is recessed inward from the light-receiving surface of the body 10 , forming a cavity structure having sidewalls at the top and a bottom wall at the bottom. The inner surface of the bottom wall is recessed inward to form a recess A. In other words, when viewed from the top of the light-transmitting structure 20 , the bottom wall of the light-transmitting structure 20 has an inwardly recessed portion, which is referred to as the recess A in this application.

[0051] In addition, in order to clearly define the pit A, Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 7 The dotted line L1 is drawn in Figures 9 to 11The dotted line L1 is not drawn in the figure, and the portion of each light-transmitting structure 20 below the dotted line L1 is the pit A in this application.

[0052] Since pit A is formed by the light-receiving surface being recessed inward, the shape of pit A is arc-shaped, that is, the inner wall surface of pit A is an arc-shaped surface; there can be one or more pits A, and the number of pits A can be determined according to specific usage requirements, and this application does not make any specific restrictions.

[0053] In the photovoltaic glass 100 of the present application, each light-transmitting structure 20 is recessed inward from the light-receiving surface of the main body 10, thereby extending the optical path of the incident light, allowing more incident light to enter the photovoltaic cell downward. Each light-transmitting structure 20 is formed with at least one recess A at the bottom. Recess A increases the number of reflections of incident light at different angles of incidence, effectively altering the optical path so that the majority of incident light is directed toward the photovoltaic cell at a smaller angle of incidence. This improves the transmittance and utilization of the incident light, reduces optical losses, and ultimately increases the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0054] It is understandable that when the bottom of the light-transmitting structure is a plane, as the incident angle increases (especially when it is greater than 56°), the reflection of light increases dramatically. However, the present application forms at least one pit A at the bottom of each light-transmitting structure 20, and the pit A transforms the original plane into a state having an optical structure. When oblique incident light is incident on the pit A, especially when the incident angle is greater than 56°, the light is no longer propagated in the same direction in the light-transmitting structure 20, and the optical path changes significantly, thereby reducing the reflection of light. Among them, oblique incident light refers to incident light with an incident angle greater than 0°, and the incident angle refers to the angle between the incident point of the incident light on the light-transmitting structure 20 and the perpendicular normal to the point.

[0055] See also Figures 3 to 11 Each light-transmitting structure 20 includes at least one light-transmitting unit 21 , and a pit A is formed at the bottom of each light-transmitting unit 21 .

[0056] It can be understood that each light-transmitting structure 20 may include only one light-transmitting unit 21, and a pit A is formed at the bottom of the light-transmitting unit 21. Then, each light-transmitting structure 20 has one pit A. Figure 3 Alternatively, each light-transmitting structure 20 includes two light-transmitting units 21, and a pit A is formed at the bottom of each light-transmitting unit 21, then each light-transmitting structure 20 has two pits A, such as Figures 4 to 9 Alternatively, each light-transmitting structure 20 includes three (eg Figure 10 to Figure 10 As shown), four (as Figure 11As shown) or more than four light-transmitting units 21, each light-transmitting unit 21 has a pit A formed at the bottom. The present application does not specifically limit the number of light-transmitting units 21 in each light-transmitting structure 20, and can be set according to specific needs.

[0057] In addition, in order to clearly define the light-transmitting unit 21, only Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 7 The dotted line L2 ( Figures 9 to 11 The dotted line L2 is not drawn in the figure), and the parts of each light-transmitting structure 20 located on both sides of the dotted line L2 are respectively a light-transmitting unit 21.

[0058] In this embodiment, since the photovoltaic glass 100 includes a plurality of light-transmitting structures 20, and each light-transmitting structure 20 is formed into at least one light-transmitting unit 21, and a pit A is formed at the bottom of each light-transmitting unit 21, a micro-nano structure is formed on the photovoltaic glass 100, thereby changing the optical path of the incident light through the synergistic effect of the multiple pits A of the micro-nano structure, thereby improving the transmittance of the incident light and reducing the optical loss, thereby improving the power generation of the photovoltaic module on the one hand; on the other hand, it can significantly enhance the adaptability to complex incident angles, thereby being suitable for photovoltaic modules under different fixed installation angles.

[0059] See also Figures 4 to 11 The number of light-transmitting units 21 in each light-transmitting structure 20 is multiple (two or more), and the multiple light-transmitting units 21 are arranged in sequence, and the main body 10 protrudes with a first protrusion B at the connection position of two adjacent light-transmitting units 21.

[0060] In this embodiment, a first protrusion B is formed at the connection position of two adjacent light-transmitting units 21, and a concave-convex texture can be formed at the bottom of each light-transmitting structure 20, so that the micro-nano structure formed on the photovoltaic glass 100 presents a matte effect as a whole. The matte effect can effectively change the optical path of the incident light. First, when the incident light at a large angle (i.e., oblique incident light) is incident on the first protrusion B, it will be reflected into the pit and then incident on the photovoltaic cell below. Secondly, the incident light with a large incident angle can be refracted by the first protrusion B to reduce the incident angle of the photovoltaic cell below, so that the photovoltaic cell below can be better utilized, thereby improving the transmittance of the incident light, reducing optical loss, and thus improving the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0061] See also Figures 4 to 6 as well as Figures 9 to 11The multiple light-transmitting units 21 in each light-transmitting structure 20 in the photovoltaic glass 100 are arranged in sequence along the length direction or the width direction of the main body 10, and a pit A is formed at the bottom of each light-transmitting unit 21. A first protrusion B is formed between two adjacent pits A, and the pits A and the first protrusion B in each light-transmitting structure 20 are arranged alternately in sequence, thereby forming a concave and convex texture arranged in sequence along the length direction or the width direction of the main body 10, so that the micro-nano structure formed on the photovoltaic glass 100 presents a matte effect as a whole. The matte effect can effectively change the optical path of the incident light, not only reduce reflection and increase scattering, but also allow large-angle incident light (i.e., oblique incident light) to evenly penetrate the entire photovoltaic glass 100 through the light-transmitting structure 20, thereby improving the transmittance of the incident light, reducing optical loss, and thereby improving the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0062] It should be noted that by appropriately increasing the number of pits A and first protrusions B in each light-transmitting structure 20, the transmittance of the light-transmitting structure 20 on the photovoltaic glass 100 for incident light with an incident angle greater than 0° can be improved. By controlling the number of pits A and first protrusions B in each light-transmitting structure 20, the transmittance of the incident light on the photovoltaic glass 100 can be improved. For example, the number of first protrusions B in each light-transmitting structure 20 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or more than 5, and the pits A are distributed on both sides of each first protrusion B.

[0063] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8 The plurality of light-transmitting units 21 in each light-transmitting structure 20 in the photovoltaic glass 100 are arranged in a ring with each other, and a second protrusion C is protrudingly formed in the innermost light-transmitting unit 21 of the body 10.

[0064] Specifically, the plurality of light-transmitting units 21 in each light-transmitting structure 20 may include a first light-transmitting unit 21A and a second light-transmitting unit 21B that are adjacently arranged. The first light-transmitting unit 21A ( Figure 7 The portion located on the dotted line L2 near the second protrusion C is the innermost light-transmitting unit 21, and the second light-transmitting unit 21B ( Figure 7 The first protrusion B is protruded between the first and second light-transmitting units 21A and 21B, and the second protrusion C is protruded inside the innermost first light-transmitting unit 21A.

[0065] Furthermore, the multiple light-transmitting units 21 in each light-transmitting structure 20 may also include a third light-transmitting unit, the first light-transmitting unit 21A is the innermost light-transmitting unit 21, the second light-transmitting unit 21B is arranged around the first light-transmitting unit 21A on the outside of the first light-transmitting unit 21A, the third light-transmitting unit is arranged around the second light-transmitting unit 21B on the outside of the second light-transmitting unit 21B, the first protrusion B is protrudingly formed between the first light-transmitting unit 21A and the second light-transmitting unit 21B and between the second light-transmitting unit 21B and the third light-transmitting unit, and the second protrusion C is protrudingly formed in the innermost first light-transmitting unit 21A.

[0066] Of course, the multiple light-transmitting units 21 in each light-transmitting structure 20 can also include but are not limited to a fourth light-transmitting unit, a fifth light-transmitting unit, etc., and the fifth light-transmitting unit, the fourth light-transmitting unit, the third light-transmitting unit, the second light-transmitting unit 21B and the first light-transmitting unit 21A are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside.

[0067] In this embodiment, each light-transmitting unit 21 is an annular structure, and multiple light-transmitting units 21 are arranged in a surrounding manner. The first protrusion B located between two adjacent light-transmitting units 21 is also an annular structure. The pits A and the first protrusions B in each light-transmitting structure 20 are arranged alternately in sequence, thereby forming a concave and convex texture arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, so that the micro-nano structure formed on the photovoltaic glass 100 presents a matte effect as a whole. The matte effect can effectively change the optical path of the incident light, so that large-angle incident light (i.e., incident light with an incident angle greater than 56°) can evenly penetrate the entire photovoltaic glass 100 through the light-transmitting structure 20, thereby improving the transmittance of the incident light, reducing optical loss, and thereby improving the power generation of the photovoltaic module. Moreover, since a second protrusion C is protrudingly formed in the innermost light-transmitting unit 21, it further enhances the fog effect of the micro-nano structure formed on the photovoltaic glass 100, thereby further changing the optical path of the incident light. It can not only reduce reflection and increase scattering, but also enhance the scattering effect of large-angle incident light on the back side of the photovoltaic glass 100, so that as much incident light as possible is directed to the photovoltaic cell, thereby improving the transmittance of the incident light, reducing optical loss, and thereby improving the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0068] Please refer to 7. The height of the second protrusion C is greater than the height of the first protrusion B. By forming protrusion structures of different sizes and heights, the haze of the micro-nano structure formed on the photovoltaic glass 100 can be further increased, thereby further changing the optical path of the incident light. This not only reduces reflections, but also enhances the scattering effect of large-angle incident light on the back side of the photovoltaic glass 100, thereby improving the transmittance of the incident light, reducing optical losses, and further improving the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0069] See also Figure 12The main body 10 is a glass substrate, that is, the main body 10 is only composed of a glass substrate (that is, the main body 10 is a single-layer structure), and a plurality of light-transmitting structures 20 are formed on the glass substrate at intervals.

[0070] Directly and spaced apart, multiple light-transmitting structures 20 are formed on the glass substrate, which helps to reduce the overall thickness of the photovoltaic glass 100 and the depth of the light-transmitting structures 20 in the photovoltaic glass 100, thereby reducing the optical loss of the incident light during propagation and thereby increasing the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0071] See also Figure 13 The main body 10 includes a glass substrate 11 and a coating layer 12 stacked along its thickness direction (ie, the main body 10 is a double-layer structure), and a plurality of light-transmitting structures 20 are arranged on the coating layer 12 at intervals.

[0072] Among them, the coating layer 12 is an anti-reflection film, and the micro-nano structure formed by multiple light-transmitting structures 20 also has an anti-reflection effect. Therefore, through the anti-reflection film and the multiple light-transmitting structures 20 thereon, the double-layer anti-reflection effect of the photovoltaic glass 100 can be achieved, thereby further reducing the optical loss of the incident light during the propagation process, thereby increasing the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0073] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The projection width W of each light-transmitting structure 20 on the body 10 is not less than 2 μm. The projection width W of each light-transmitting structure 20 on the body 10 refers to the width of each light-transmitting structure 20 in the arrangement direction of the plurality of light-transmitting structures 20 .

[0074] Specifically, when the light-transmitting structure 20 is cylindrical, truncated cone or conical, the projection of the light-transmitting structure 20 on the main body 10 is a circle, and the projection width W of the light-transmitting structure 20 on the main body 10 is the diameter of its projected circle; when the light-transmitting structure 20 is a square cone or a trough structure, the projection of the light-transmitting structure 20 on the main body 10 is a square, and the projection width W of the light-transmitting structure 20 on the main body 10 is the width of its projected square in the arrangement direction of multiple light-transmitting structures 20.

[0075] For example, the projection width W of each light-transmitting structure 20 on the main body 10 can be 2um, 5um, 8um, 10um, 12um, 15um, 18um, 20um, 25um, 30um, 100um, 200um, 300um, 400um, 500um, 600um, 700um, 800um, etc.

[0076] In this embodiment, the projected width W of each light-transmitting structure 20 on the body 10 is set to be no less than 2 μm, which can increase the transmittance of incident light at an incident angle greater than 0° on the photovoltaic glass 100, and particularly increase the transmittance of incident light at an incident angle greater than 56° on the photovoltaic glass 100. If the projected width W of the light-transmitting structure 20 on the body 10 is set to be less than 2 μm, the light-transmitting structure 20 does not significantly change the optical path of the incident light.

[0077] In some preferred embodiments, the projection width W of each light-transmitting structure 20 on the body 10 satisfies: 30≦W≦500um. For example, the projection width W of each light-transmitting structure 20 on the body 10 can be 30um, 50um, 80um, 100um, 120um, 180um, 150um, 200um, 230um, 250um, 280um, 300um, 320um, 350um, 380um, 400um, 420um, 450um, 480um, 500um, etc.

[0078] The projection width W of each light-transmitting structure 20 on the main body 10 is set within the above-mentioned range, so that the transmittance of the light-transmitting structure 20 on the photovoltaic glass 100 for incident light with an incident angle greater than 56° is optimal. Therefore, by controlling the projection width W of each light-transmitting structure 20 on the main body 10, the purpose of improving the transmittance of the incident light on the photovoltaic glass 100 can be achieved.

[0079] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the spacing between two adjacent light-transmitting structures 20 is D, 0≦D≦100um. For example, the spacing D between two adjacent light-transmitting structures 20 can be 0um, 1um, 2um, 3um, 4um, 5um, 6um, 7um, 8um, 9um, 10um, 12um, 15um, 18um, 20um, 21um, 22um, 23um, 25um, 27um, 29um, 30um, 40um, 50um, 60um, 70um, 80um, 90um, 100um, etc. Setting the spacing D between two adjacent light-transmitting structures 20 in the above range can also effectively increase the transmittance of incident light with an incident angle greater than 0° on the photovoltaic glass 100, especially increase the transmittance of incident light with an incident angle greater than 56° on the photovoltaic glass 100.

[0080] In some preferred embodiments, the spacing D between two adjacent light-transmitting structures 20 satisfies the following condition: 10≦D≦20um. For example, the spacing D between two adjacent light-transmitting structures 20 can be 10um, 11um, 12um, 13um, 14um, 15um, 16um, 17um, 18um, 19um, 20um, etc. Setting the spacing D between two adjacent light-transmitting structures 20 within the above-mentioned range can also optimize the transmittance of the light-transmitting structure 20 on the photovoltaic glass 100 for incident light with an incident angle greater than 56°, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the transmittance of the incident light on the photovoltaic glass 100 by controlling the spacing D between two adjacent light-transmitting structures 20.

[0081] See also Figure 3 The depth of each light-transmitting structure 20 at the lowest point of the pit A is H, and 10 μm <H<200um。

[0082] It can be understood that since each pit A is formed by being recessed inward, the inner surface of the pit A is formed into an arcuate surface, and the arcuate surface has a lowest point. Therefore, the recess depth H of the light-transmitting structure 20 at the lowest point is the distance between the highest point (i.e., the top) of the light-transmitting structure 20 and the lowest point of the pit A. For example, the recess depth H of each light-transmitting structure 20 at the lowest point of the pit A can be 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, 110 μm, 120 μm, 130 μm, 140 μm, 150 μm, 160 μm, 170 μm, 180 μm, 190 μm, 195 μm, etc. Setting the depression depth H of each light-transmitting structure 20 at the lowest point of the pit A within the above-mentioned range can also effectively increase the transmittance of incident light with an incident angle greater than 0° on the photovoltaic glass 100, especially increase the transmittance of incident light with an incident angle greater than 56° on the photovoltaic glass 100.

[0083] In some preferred embodiments, 40um < H < 150um. Exemplarily, the depression depth H of each light-transmitting structure 20 at the lowest point of the pit A can be 41um, 45um, 50um, 55um, 60um, 65um, 70um, 75um, 80um, 85um, 90um, 95um, 100um, 110um, 115um, 120um, 125um, 130um, 135um, 140um, 145um, 149um, etc. Setting the depression depth H of each light-transmitting structure 20 at the lowest point of the pit A within the above range can also make the transmittance of the light-transmitting structure 20 for incident light with an incident angle greater than 56° on the photovoltaic glass 100 optimal. Thus, by controlling the depression depth H of each light-transmitting structure 20 at the lowest point of the pit A, the purpose of improving the transmittance of incident light on the photovoltaic glass 100 can also be achieved.

[0084] In some embodiments, since each pit A is formed by inward depression, the inner surface of the pit A actually forms an arc surface. Among them, the curvature of the inner surface of each pit A is not greater than 0.5.

[0085] It can be understood that the curvature of the inner surface of each pit A represents the degree of bending of the inner surface of each pit A. Exemplarily, the curvature of the inner surface of each pit A can be 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, etc. Setting the curvature of the inner surface of each pit A within the above range can also effectively increase the transmittance of incident light with an incident angle greater than 0° on the photovoltaic glass 100, especially increase the transmittance of incident light with an incident angle greater than 56° on the photovoltaic glass 100.

[0086] In some preferred embodiments, the curvature of the inner surface of each pit A is not greater than 0.2. Exemplarily, the curvature of the inner surface of each pit A can be 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.1, 0.11, 0.12, 0.13, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, 0.19, 0.2, etc.

[0087] Setting the curvature of the inner surface of each pit A within the above range can also make the transmittance of the light-transmitting structure 20 for incident light with an incident angle greater than 56° on the photovoltaic glass 100 optimal. Thus, by controlling the curvature of the inner surface of each pit A, the purpose of improving the transmittance of incident light on the photovoltaic glass 100 can also be achieved.

[0088] In some embodiments, the ratio of the total projected area of the multiple light-transmitting structures 20 on the body 10 to the surface area of the light-receiving surface of the body 10 is not less than 20%.

[0089] For example, the ratio of the total projected area of ​​the plurality of light-transmitting structures 20 on the body 10 to the surface area of ​​the light-receiving surface of the body 10 may be 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, etc. Setting the ratio of the total projected area of ​​the plurality of light-transmitting structures 20 on the body 10 to the surface area of ​​the light-receiving surface of the body 10 within the above range can also effectively increase the transmittance of incident light on the photovoltaic glass 100 at an incident angle greater than 0°, and in particular increase the transmittance of incident light on the photovoltaic glass 100 at an incident angle greater than 56°.

[0090] In some preferred embodiments, the ratio of the total projected area of ​​the plurality of light-transmitting structures 20 on the body 10 to the surface area of ​​the light-receiving surface of the body 10 is not less than 40% and not more than 80%.

[0091] Exemplarily, the ratio of the total projected area of ​​the plurality of light-transmitting structures 20 on the main body 10 to the surface area of ​​the light-receiving surface of the main body 10 can be 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, etc. Setting the ratio of the total projected area of ​​the multiple light-transmitting structures 20 on the main body 10 to the surface area of ​​the light-receiving surface of the main body 10 within the above-mentioned range can also optimize the transmittance of the light-transmitting structures 20 on the photovoltaic glass 100 for incident light with an incident angle greater than 56°. Thus, by controlling the ratio of the total projected area of ​​the multiple light-transmitting structures 20 on the main body 10 to the surface area of ​​the light-receiving surface of the main body 10, the purpose of improving the transmittance of the incident light on the photovoltaic glass 100 can be achieved.

[0092] In some embodiments, the light-transmitting structure 20 may be in a cylindrical, truncated cone, square cone, or groove shape.

[0093] Finally, in order to make the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of this application more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and comparative examples, but the specific embodiments described are only used to explain this application and are not used to limit this application.

[0094] Example 1:Nine types of photovoltaic glass 100 were used. Each photovoltaic glass 100 included multiple light-transmitting structures 20. The light-transmitting structures 20 in each photovoltaic glass 100 were cylindrical, each light-transmitting structure 20 included a light-transmitting unit 21, and each light-transmitting unit 21 formed with a pit A. Among these nine types of photovoltaic glass 100, any two differed in at least one of the parameters W, D, H, curvature, and ratio (i.e., the ratio of the total projected area of ​​the multiple light-transmitting structures 20 on the body 10 of each photovoltaic glass 100 to the surface area of ​​the light-receiving surface of the body 10). Specific parameters and experimental results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0095] Comparative Example 1: Ordinary photovoltaic glass (uncoated and without pit A) was used, and the experimental results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0096] Table 1

[0097]

[0098] Among them, incident light with an incident angle (the angle between the incident light and the vertical normal) of 0° is vertical incidence, while incident light with an incident angle of 60° is oblique incidence. As can be seen from Table 1 above, the transmittance of each photovoltaic glass 100 in Example 1 for incident light with an incident angle of 60° is greater than the transmittance of the ordinary photovoltaic glass in Comparative Example 1 for incident light with an incident angle of 60°.

[0099] It can be seen that in the present application, by setting each light-transmitting structure 20 in the photovoltaic glass 100 to be cylindrical and forming a pit A on each light-transmitting unit 21, when the oblique incident light enters each light-transmitting structure 20, the inner surface of the light-transmitting structure 20 can guide the incident light and effectively change the optical path, thereby greatly reducing the reflection of light, so that most of the incident light can penetrate the light-transmitting structure 20 and be emitted to the photovoltaic cell, thereby improving the transmittance of the incident light, reducing optical loss, and then improving the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0100] Example 2: Photovoltaic glass 100 includes a main body 10 and multiple light-transmitting structures 20. The main body 10 includes a glass substrate 11 and a coating layer 12 stacked along its thickness. The multiple light-transmitting structures 20 are spaced apart on the coating layer 12. Each light-transmitting structure 20 is trough-shaped. Specific parameters and experimental results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0101] Comparative Example 2-1: Ordinary photovoltaic glass (uncoated and without pit A) was used, and the experimental results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0102] Comparative Example 2-2: Ordinary coated glass (coated but without pit A) was used, and the experimental results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0103] Table 2

[0104]

[0105] It can be seen from Table 2 above that the transmittance of the photovoltaic glass 100 in Example 2 to incident light with an incident angle of 0° and the transmittance to incident light with an incident angle of 60° are both greater than those of the ordinary photovoltaic glass in Comparative Example 2-1 and the ordinary coated glass in Comparative Example 2-2.

[0106] It can be seen that in the present application, by setting each light-transmitting structure 20 in the photovoltaic glass 100 to be in the shape of a groove, and forming a pit A on each light-transmitting unit 21, when the incident light (especially the oblique incident light) enters each light-transmitting structure 20, the inner surface of the light-transmitting structure 20 can guide the incident light and effectively change the optical path, thereby greatly reducing the reflection of light, so that most of the incident light can penetrate the light-transmitting structure 20 and be emitted to the photovoltaic cell, thereby improving the transmittance of the incident light, reducing optical loss, and then improving the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0107] Example 3: Four types of photovoltaic glass 100 were used. Each type of photovoltaic glass 100 included a main body 10 and multiple light-transmitting structures 20. The main body 10 comprised a glass substrate 11 and a coating layer 12 stacked along its thickness. The multiple light-transmitting structures 20 were spaced apart on the coating layer 12, each of which was trough-shaped. The four types of photovoltaic glass 100 had different numbers of pits A. The specific numbers and experimental results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0108] Comparative Example 3: Ordinary photovoltaic glass (uncoated and without pit A) was used, and the experimental results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0109] Table 3

[0110]

[0111] It can be seen from Table 3 above that the transmittance of each photovoltaic glass 100 in Example 3 to incident light with an incident angle of 60° is greater than the transmittance of the ordinary photovoltaic glass in Comparative Example 3 to incident light with an incident angle of 60°.

[0112] It can be seen from this that in the present application, by controlling the number of pits A on each light-transmitting structure 20 , the transmittance of obliquely incident light on the photovoltaic glass 100 can be effectively increased.

[0113] Example 4:Nine types of photovoltaic glass 100 were used. Each photovoltaic glass 100 included multiple light-transmitting structures 20. Each light-transmitting structure 20 in each photovoltaic glass 100 was cylindrical and comprised two light-transmitting units 21. Each light-transmitting unit 21 had a recess A formed therein, with a first protrusion B formed between the two recesses A. The nine types of photovoltaic glass 100 had different parameters W. Their specific values ​​and experimental results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0114] Comparative Example 4: Ordinary photovoltaic glass (uncoated and without pit A) was used, and the experimental results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0115] Table 4

[0116]

[0117]

[0118] It can be seen from Table 4 above that the transmittance of each photovoltaic glass 100 in Example 4 to incident light with an incident angle of 60° is greater than the transmittance of the ordinary photovoltaic glass in Comparative Example 4 to incident light with an incident angle of 60°.

[0119] Thus, it can be seen that in the present application, by controlling the projection width W of each light-transmitting structure 20 on the body 10, the transmittance of obliquely incident light on the photovoltaic glass 100 can be effectively increased. Specifically, by controlling the projection width W of each light-transmitting structure 20 on the body 10 to be between 30 μm and 500 μm, the transmittance of the light-transmitting structure 20 on the photovoltaic glass 100 to obliquely incident light can be within the optimal range.

[0120] Example 5: Seven types of photovoltaic glass 100 are used, each photovoltaic glass 100 includes a plurality of light-transmitting structures 20, each light-transmitting structure 20 in each photovoltaic glass 100 is truncated cone-shaped, each light-transmitting structure 20 includes two light-transmitting units 21, a pit A is formed on each light-transmitting unit 21, a first protrusion B is formed between the two pits A, and a second protrusion C is formed in the innermost light-transmitting unit 21, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 and Figure 8 The seven types of photovoltaic glass 100 have different parameters D, and their specific values ​​and experimental results are shown in Table 5 below.

[0121] Comparative Example 5: Ordinary photovoltaic glass (uncoated and without pit A) was used, and the experimental results are shown in Table 5 below.

[0122] Table 5

[0123]

[0124] It can be seen from Table 5 above that the transmittance of each photovoltaic glass 100 in Example 5 to incident light with an incident angle of 60° is greater than the transmittance of the ordinary photovoltaic glass in Comparative Example 5 to incident light with an incident angle of 60°.

[0125] Thus, it can be seen that in the present application, by controlling the spacing D between two adjacent light-transmitting structures 20, the transmittance of obliquely incident light on the photovoltaic glass 100 can be effectively increased. Specifically, controlling the spacing D between two adjacent light-transmitting structures 20 to be between 0 and 30 μm can ensure that the transmittance of the light-transmitting structures 20 on the photovoltaic glass 100 to obliquely incident light is within the optimal range.

[0126] Example 6: Six types of photovoltaic glass 100 were used. Each photovoltaic glass 100 included multiple light-transmitting structures 20. Each light-transmitting structure 20 in each photovoltaic glass 100 was cylindrical and comprised two light-transmitting units 21. Each light-transmitting unit 21 had a recess A formed therein, with a first protrusion B formed between the two recesses A. The inner surface curvatures of the recesses A in these six types of photovoltaic glass 100 varied. The specific values ​​and experimental results are shown in Table 6 below.

[0127] Comparative Example 6: Ordinary photovoltaic glass (uncoated and without pit A) was used, and the experimental results are shown in Table 6 below.

[0128] Table 6

[0129]

[0130] It can be seen from Table 6 above that the transmittance of each photovoltaic glass 100 in Example 6 to incident light with an incident angle of 60° is greater than the transmittance of the ordinary photovoltaic glass in Comparative Example 6 to incident light with an incident angle of 60°.

[0131] It can be seen that in the present application, by controlling the curvature of the inner surface of the pit A on the light-transmitting structure 20, the transmittance of obliquely incident light on the photovoltaic glass 100 can be effectively increased. Specifically, by controlling the curvature of the inner surface of the pit A on the light-transmitting structure 20 to be between 0 and 0.5 μm, the transmittance of the light-transmitting structure 20 on the photovoltaic glass 100 to obliquely incident light can be within the optimal range.

[0132] Example 7:Four types of photovoltaic glass 100 were used. Each photovoltaic glass 100 included multiple light-transmitting structures 20. Each light-transmitting structure 20 included two light-transmitting units 21. Each light-transmitting unit 21 had a recess A formed therein, and a first protrusion B formed between the two recesses A. The light-transmitting structures 20 in these four types of photovoltaic glass 100 were cylindrical (Example 7-1), square-conical (Example 7-2), truncated-conical (Example 7-3), and trough-shaped (Example 7-4). The experimental results are shown in Table 7 below.

[0133] Comparative Example 7: Ordinary photovoltaic glass (uncoated and without pit A) was used, and the experimental results are shown in Table 7 below.

[0134] Table 7

[0135]

[0136] It can be seen from Table 7 above that the transmittance of each photovoltaic glass 100 in Example 7 to incident light with an incident angle of 60° is greater than the transmittance of the ordinary photovoltaic glass in Comparative Example 7 to incident light with an incident angle of 60°.

[0137] It can be seen from this that in the present application, based on the pit A formed on each light-transmitting unit 21, no matter what structure the light-transmitting structure 20 adopts, it can effectively increase the transmittance of obliquely incident light on the photovoltaic glass 100.

[0138] Example 8: Seven types of photovoltaic glass 100 were used. Each type of photovoltaic glass 100 included multiple light-transmitting structures 20. Each light-transmitting structure 20 included two light-transmitting units 21. Each light-transmitting unit 21 had a recess A formed thereon, and a first protrusion B formed between the two recesses A. The light-transmitting structures 20 of the seven types of photovoltaic glass 100 had different proportions on the body 10. The light-transmitting structures 20 of five of the photovoltaic glass 100 types in Example 8-1 were truncated cone-shaped, while the light-transmitting structures 20 of the two types in Example 8-2 were cylindrical. Specific values ​​and experimental results are shown in Table 8 below.

[0139] Comparative Example 8: Ordinary photovoltaic glass (uncoated and without pit A) was used, and the experimental results are shown in Table 8 below.

[0140] Table 8

[0141]

[0142] It can be seen from Table 8 above that the transmittance of each photovoltaic glass 100 in Example 8 to incident light with an incident angle of 60° is greater than the transmittance of the ordinary photovoltaic glass in Comparative Example 7 to incident light with an incident angle of 60°.

[0143] Thus, it can be seen that in the present application, by controlling the proportion of the light-transmitting structure 20 on the body 10, the transmittance of obliquely incident light on the photovoltaic glass 100 can be effectively increased. Specifically, regardless of the structure of the light-transmitting structure 20, when the proportion of the light-transmitting structure 20 on the body 10 is not less than 20%, the transmittance of the light-transmitting structure 20 on the photovoltaic glass 100 for obliquely incident light can be within a preferred range.

[0144] Example 9: Five types of photovoltaic glass 100 were used, each of which included multiple light-transmitting structures 20. Each light-transmitting structure 20 in each type of photovoltaic glass 100 was cylindrical and included two light-transmitting units 21. Each light-transmitting unit 21 had a recess A formed thereon, and a first protrusion B formed between the two recesses A. The light-transmitting structures 20 of the five types of photovoltaic glass 100 accounted for different proportions on the body 10. The light-transmitting structures 20 of the three types of photovoltaic glass 100 in Example 9-1 were truncated cone-shaped, the light-transmitting structure 20 in Example 9-2 was cylindrical, and the light-transmitting structure 20 in Example 9-3 was trough-shaped. Specific values ​​and experimental results are shown in Table 9 below.

[0145] Comparative Example 9: Ordinary photovoltaic glass (uncoated and without pit A) was used, and the experimental results are shown in Table 9 below.

[0146] Table 9

[0147]

[0148] It can be seen from Table 9 above that the transmittance of each photovoltaic glass 100 in Example 9 to incident light with an incident angle of 60° is greater than the transmittance of the ordinary photovoltaic glass in Comparative Example 7 to incident light with an incident angle of 60°.

[0149] Furthermore, in the present application, by controlling the proportion of the light-transmitting structure 20 on the main body 10, the transmittance of obliquely incident light on the photovoltaic glass 100 can be effectively increased. Regardless of the structure of the light-transmitting structure 20, when the proportion of the light-transmitting structure 20 on the main body 10 is between 40% and 80%, the transmittance of the light-transmitting structure 20 on the photovoltaic glass 100 for obliquely incident light can be within the optimal range.

[0150] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Those skilled in the art can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic glass, characterized in that: include: The main body (10) has a light-receiving surface and a light-receiving surface that are arranged opposite to each other; as well as A plurality of light-transmitting structures (20) are formed on the body (10), each of the light-transmitting structures (20) being recessed inward from the light-receiving surface of the body (10), and at least one pit (A) is formed at the bottom of each of the light-transmitting structures (20).

2. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the light-transmitting structures (20) comprises at least one light-transmitting unit (21), and a recess (A) is formed at the bottom of each of the light-transmitting units (21).

3. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light-transmitting units (21) are multiple in number, and the multiple light-transmitting units (21) are arranged in sequence; The main body (10) is protrudingly formed with a first protrusion (B) at a connection position between two adjacent light-transmitting units (21).

4. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of light-transmitting units (21) are sequentially arranged along the length direction or width direction of the body (10); or The plurality of light-transmitting units (21) are arranged in a ring around each other, and the body (10) is provided with a second protrusion (C) protruding from the innermost light-transmitting unit (21).

5. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 4, characterized in that: The height of the second protrusion (C) is greater than the height of the first protrusion (B).

6. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The body (10) is a glass substrate, and the plurality of light-transmitting structures (20) are formed on the glass substrate; or The body (10) comprises a glass substrate (11) and a coating layer (12) stacked along a thickness direction thereof, and the plurality of light-transmitting structures (20) are arranged on the coating layer (12).

7. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projection width W of each light-transmitting structure (20) on the body (10) is not less than 2 μm.

8. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent light-transmitting structures (20) is D, 0≦D≦100um.

9. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of each light-transmitting structure (20) at the lowest point of the pit (A) is H, 10 μm. <H<200um。 10. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curvature of the inner surface of each of the recesses (A) is not greater than 0.

5.

11. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the total projection area of ​​the plurality of light-transmitting structures (20) on the body (10) to the surface area of ​​the light-receiving surface of the body (10) is not less than 20%.

12. The photovoltaic glass according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The light-transmitting structure (20) is in the shape of a cylinder, a truncated cone, a square cone, or a groove.

13. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: photovoltaic glass; as well as Several photovoltaic cells connected to each other, Wherein, the photovoltaic glass covers the plurality of photovoltaic cells, and the photovoltaic glass is the photovoltaic glass according to any one of claims 1-12.

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