Osteotomy guide device for realizing arc-shaped osteotomy of talus through anterior approach

Abstract

The invention relates to an osteotomy guide device for realizing arc-shaped osteotomy of a talus on an anterior approach, which comprises a positioning plate and an arc-shaped sliding rail connected through a connecting rod, and two different osteotomy guide grooves, namely a talus anterior osteotomy guide groove and a talus posterior osteotomy guide groove, are connected to the arc-shaped sliding rail in a sliding manner; the two guide grooves are connected with the arc-shaped sliding rail in two different osteotomy stages, when a posterior talus osteotomy operation needs to be carried out, the posterior talus osteotomy guide groove is installed on the arc-shaped sliding rail, and an osteotomy tool is installed in the posterior talus osteotomy guide groove. When the rear-side talus osteotomy guide groove slides from the first end, close to the tibia, of the arc-shaped sliding rail along the second end, away from the tibia, of the arc-shaped sliding rail, and when the second limiting block moves to the second end, rear-side osteotomy is stopped, and the rear-side talus osteotomy guide groove is replaced with the front-side talus osteotomy guide groove. Combination of an anterior approach operation mode and arc osteotomy is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical instruments, and in particular to an osteotomy guiding device for realizing arc-shaped osteotomy of the talus through an anterior approach. Background Art

[0002] There are currently two main surgical approaches for total ankle replacement surgery: an anterior approach and a lateral approach. Each approach results in slightly different product designs. For the anterior approach, the tibial osteotomy is typically a single-plane osteotomy, while the talar osteotomy is typically a three-plane or single-plane osteotomy. For the lateral approach, the talar osteotomy is typically a curved osteotomy. The lateral approach offers advantages in terms of product osteotomy. Because it is a lateral approach, the osteotomy is also performed laterally, making it easier to achieve a curved osteotomy. This curved osteotomy corresponds to a curved talar product. Compared to single-plane or three-plane osteotomies, this approach reduces the amount of bone removed, provides a better fit with the product after the osteotomy, reduces stress concentration, and provides more uniform force distribution. It also offers better anti-subsidence properties after implantation. However, because the approach requires a lateral approach, the fibula must be resected, increasing the surgical workload and risk. Furthermore, adverse effects such as infection and poor bone healing have been reported after fibula osteotomy.

[0003] In the existing technology, Zimmer Biomet's total ankle replacement product uses a lateral approach to perform arcuate osteotomy of the talus, while Wright's total ankle replacement product is suitable for anterior approach three-section osteotomy of the talus. The two surgical approaches each have their own advantages and disadvantages. Currently, the vast majority of products are suitable for anterior approach surgery, because the anterior approach does not require additional damage to the fibula. However, due to its osteotomy direction, the anterior approach cannot currently achieve arcuate osteotomy, and can only perform three-plane or single-plane osteotomy. The amount of osteotomy is large, and in plane osteotomy, stress concentration will occur at the intersection of each plane. In addition, multi-plane positioning will cause poor matching performance between the product and the osteosynthesis surface due to errors in osteotomy on a certain plane, further causing stress concentration and risks such as product sinking.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent CN215129538U discloses an osteotomy device for primary ankle prostheses. The device comprises an osteotomy plate, an anti-rotation spacer, and two anti-rotation posts. The plate and anti-rotation spacer are detachably connected via the posts. This device utilizes a lateral approach to perform an arcuate osteotomy, but this requires the fibula to be harvested, increasing surgical risk.

[0005] In addition, with the continuous iteration and update of technology, a curved talar prosthesis with a curved fitting surface has been proposed. Therefore, in order to better fit with the curved fitting surface of the talar prosthesis, a new anterior approach technical solution is urgently needed to reduce the stress concentration and osteotomy amount caused by planar osteotomy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an osteotomy guide device for performing arcuate osteotomy of the talus via an anterior approach, partially solving or alleviating the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. By designing a new osteotomy surgical guide device, arcuate osteotomy of the talus can be performed during an anterior approach surgery, thereby reducing at least one of the problems of stress concentration and large amount of osteotomy caused by the use of planar osteotomy in traditional anterior approach osteotomy surgery.

[0007] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions: An osteotomy guide device for achieving arcuate osteotomy of the talus via an anterior approach, comprising: A positioning plate for fixing on the tibia, the positioning plate includes a fitting surface that fits the tibia, and a connecting rod is fixedly connected to each of the two ends of the positioning plate; and the axial direction of the positioning plate is perpendicular to the plane where the connecting rod is located.

[0008] Two arc-shaped slide rails are symmetrically arranged, and the two arc-shaped slide rails are respectively connected to one end of each connecting rod.

[0009] The posterior talar osteotomy guide groove can be installed on the arc-shaped slide rail, which includes a first groove body, a through hole penetrating the first groove body is provided in the first groove body, connecting rods are respectively provided on both sides of the first groove body, and one end of the connecting rod extending into the arc-shaped slide rail is provided with a first limit block that can slide on the arc-shaped slide rail.

[0010] The anterior talar osteotomy guide groove can be installed on the arcuate slide rail, which includes a second groove body, a through hole set in the second groove body and passing through the second groove body, connecting rods are respectively provided on both sides of the second groove body, and one end of the connecting rod extending into the arcuate slide rail is provided with a second limit block and a third limit block that can slide on the arcuate slide rail; the length of the second limit block is greater than the length of the first limit block, and the length of the third limit block is less than or equal to the second limit block; the depth of the second groove body is greater than the depth of the first groove body.

[0011] When a posterior talar osteotomy operation is required, the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove is installed on the arc slide rail, and the osteotomy tool is installed in the through hole of the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove, so that the angle between the axial direction of the osteotomy tool and the radial direction of the arc slide rail is 90°-α, wherein α is the central angle of the talar osteotomy surface AB formed on the talus under the guidance of the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove; when the first limit block corresponding to the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove is located at the first end of the arc slide rail close to the tibia, the osteotomy end of the osteotomy tool extends into the posterior side of the talar osteotomy arc surface and is located at the posterior osteotomy starting position A; when the first limit block corresponding to the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove is slid along the arc slide rail away from the second end of the tibia, and when the first limit block moves to the second end, the osteotomy end of the osteotomy tool is located at the posterior osteotomy ending position B on the talar osteotomy arc surface.

[0012] When the posterior osteotomy of the talus is completed, the posterior osteotomy guide groove of the talus is replaced with the anterior osteotomy guide groove of the talus, and it is installed on the arc slide rail, and the osteotomy tool is installed in the through hole of the anterior osteotomy guide groove of the talus so that the axial direction of the osteotomy tool is perpendicular to the arc surface of the arc slide rail; and when the second limit block is located at the first end of the arc slide rail close to the tibia, the osteotomy end of the osteotomy tool is located at the posterior osteotomy end position B on the arc surface of the talar osteotomy, when the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove is slid from the first end of the arc slide rail close to the tibia along the second end of the arc slide rail away from the tibia, and when the second limit block moves to the second end, the osteotomy end of the osteotomy tool is located at the anterior osteotomy end position C on the arc surface of the talar osteotomy.

[0013] Furthermore, two rows of fixing holes are arranged side by side on the positioning plate along its height direction, wherein the top row includes at least two first fixing holes, and the axial directions of at least two of the first fixing holes are parallel to each other; the bottom row includes at least one second fixing hole, and the axial direction of the second fixing hole is not parallel to the axial direction of the first fixing hole.

[0014] The arcuate slide rail is provided with a talus fixing hole at a second end away from the connection between the arcuate slide rail and the connecting rod, and the axes of the two talus fixing holes are not parallel.

[0015] Furthermore, the connection lines between the positioning plate, the two connecting rods and the first ends of the two arc-shaped slide rails form an isosceles trapezoid.

[0016] Furthermore, the motion range of the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove on the arcuate slide rail is L1=α*π*R2 / 180; the motion range of the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove on the arcuate slide rail is L2=β*π*R2 / 180; wherein β is the central angle of the talar osteotomy surface BC formed on the talus by the osteotomy tool under the guidance of the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove, and R2 is the radius of the arcuate slide rail.

[0017] Furthermore, the difference between the arc length of the second limit block and the arc length of the first limit block is: .

[0018] Furthermore, the arc-shaped slide rail includes a slide rail body, and a sliding groove for accommodating the first limit block, the second limit block or the third limit block is provided in the slide rail body, and avoidance grooves are provided on the two side walls of the sliding groove that are relatively arranged and pass through along the length direction of the arc-shaped slide rail. The second limit block and the third limit block of the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove, and the first limit block of the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove move in the sliding groove.

[0019] Furthermore, a fixing groove communicating with the sliding groove is provided on the top of the slide rail body; A sliding block is provided on the fixed groove of the arc-shaped slide rail. The sliding block is connected to the first limiting block, the second limiting block, or the third limiting block through a fastener and can move in the fixed groove of the arc-shaped slide rail.

[0020] Furthermore, the thickness of the connecting rod is smaller than the thickness of the first limiting block, or the second limiting block, or the third limiting block.

[0021] Furthermore, the cross section of the through hole is rectangular.

[0022] Furthermore, the depth of the posterior osteotomy guide groove of the talus L3 = L-R2*cosα; and / or, the depth of the anterior osteotomy guide groove of the talus L4 = L-R2; wherein L is the length of the tool in the osteotomy tool acting on the talus, and R2 is the radius of the arc-shaped slide rail.

[0023] Beneficial effects: (1) The present invention provides a positioning plate and an arc-shaped slide rail connected by a connecting rod. Two different osteotomy guide grooves are slidably connected to the arc-shaped slide rail, namely the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove and the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove. The two guide grooves are connected to the arc-shaped slide rail in two different osteotomy stages. When an anterior talar osteotomy operation is required, the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove is installed on the arc-shaped slide rail, and the osteotomy tool is installed in the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove; when the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove is slid from the first end of the arc-shaped slide rail close to the tibia to the second end of the arc-shaped slide rail away from the tibia, and when the first limit block moves to the second end, the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove is completed, and then the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove is replaced by the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove, and the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove is slid from the first end of the arc-shaped slide rail close to the tibia along the second end of the arc-shaped slide rail away from the tibia, and when the second limit block moves to the second end, the anterior osteotomy is stopped. Combining anterior approach with arcuate osteotomy of the talus is an innovation in total ankle surgery.

[0024] (2) Compared with the lateral approach, the anterior approach adopted by the present invention does not require the fibula to be amputated during the operation, that is, it will not cause any damage to the fibula.

[0025] (3) Compared with the three-section and single-plane osteotomies in existing surgical methods, arc-shaped osteotomy requires less osteotomy, and the osteotomy has good compatibility with the product, is less likely to cause stress concentration, and has more uniform force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. In all drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the various elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without inventive work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the present invention being installed on a bone; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a guide groove for posterior talar osteotomy according to the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Side view of Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the connection between the sliding block and the arc-shaped slide rail of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the posterior talar osteotomy surgical procedure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a side view of the posterior talar osteotomy surgical procedure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the anterior talar osteotomy surgical procedure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a side view of the anterior talar osteotomy surgical procedure of the present invention; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the angle of the arc-shaped osteotomy surface of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the positioning member and the arc-shaped slide rail of the present invention; Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the integral osteotomy device of the present invention; Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a fixing method of a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped slide rail of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the arc-shaped slide rail of the present invention on the talus.

[0028] Summary of reference numerals: 1-positioning piece, 2-connecting rod, 3-arc-shaped slide rail, 4a-first fixing hole, 4b-second fixing hole, 5-tibia, 6-talus, 7-anterior osteotomy guide groove of talus, 8-through hole, 9-sliding block, 10-posterior osteotomy guide groove of talus, 11-fastening screw, 12-connecting rod, 13-first limit block, 14-second groove body, 15-second limit block, 16-third limit block, 17-first groove body, 18-osteotomy tool, 19-first end, A-posterior osteotomy starting position, 21-second end, B-posterior osteotomy ending position / anterior osteotomy starting position, C-anterior osteotomy ending position, 24-sliding groove, 25-fixing groove, 26-avoidance groove, 27-talus fixing hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Herein, suffixes such as "module," "component," or "unit" used to represent elements are only used to facilitate description of the present invention and have no specific meaning. Therefore, "module," "component," or "unit" may be used interchangeably.

[0031] As used herein, terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front," "back," "one end," and "the other end" indicate positions or locations based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] As used herein, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "provided with," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, "connected" may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention on a case-by-case basis.

[0033] As used herein, "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0034] Herein, "plurality" means two or more than two, ie, it includes two, three, four, five, etc.

[0035] As used in this specification, the term "about" typically means + / - 5% of the stated value, more typically + / - 4% of the stated value, more typically + / - 3% of the stated value, more typically + / - 2% of the stated value, even more typically + / - 1% of the stated value, and even more typically + / - 0.5% of the stated value.

[0036] Example 1: like Figures 1-15 The present invention provides an osteotomy guide device for achieving arcuate osteotomy of the talus via an anterior approach, comprising: a positioning plate 1, each end of which is fixedly connected to a connecting rod 2 for fixing on the tibia 5; and arcuate slide rails 3, wherein two arcuate slide rails 3 are symmetrically arranged and respectively connected to one end of each connecting rod 2. Preferably, the axial direction of the positioning plate 1 (see Figure 1 The axial direction of the positioning plate 1 refers to its depth direction, which is parallel to the extension direction (axial direction) of the two first fixing holes 4a arranged parallel to the positioning plate 1 and is perpendicular to the plane where the two connecting rods 2 are located.

[0037] In this embodiment, the osteotomy guide device further includes: a posterior talar osteotomy guide groove 10 and an anterior talar osteotomy guide groove 7 that can be mounted on the arcuate slide rail 3, wherein the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove 10 includes a first groove body 17, a through hole 8 having a rectangular cross section and passing through the first groove body 17 and for placing an osteotomy tool, a connecting rod 12 is provided on both sides of the first groove body 17, and one end of the connecting rod 12 extending into the arcuate slide rail 3 is provided with a first limit block 13 that can slide on the arcuate slide rail 3, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 Of course, in other embodiments, the cross-section of the through hole 8 may also be in other shapes, as long as it can place and guide the osteotomy tool 18 to achieve arc-shaped osteotomy.

[0038] Preferably, the angle between the axial direction of the osteotomy tool 18 and the radial direction of the arcuate guide rail 3 is 90°-α, where α is the central angle of the talar osteotomy surface AB formed on the talus by the osteotomy tool under the guidance of the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove 10. The angle of the first groove body 17 ensures that the osteotomy tool 18 can extend from the through hole 8 to the osteotomy position on the posterior side of the talus. In other words, during the posterior osteotomy procedure, the axial direction of the osteotomy tool 18 remains tangential to the talar osteotomy surface AB.

[0039] In this embodiment, the osteotomy guide device also includes: a talar anterior osteotomy guide groove 7 that can be mounted on the arc-shaped slide rail 3, which includes a second groove body 14, a through hole 8 with a rectangular cross-section and passing through the second groove body 14, and connecting rods 12 are respectively provided on both sides of the second groove body 14. The end of the connecting rod 12 extending into the arc-shaped slide rail 3 is provided with a second limit block 15 and a third limit block 16 that can slide on the arc-shaped slide rail 3; the length of the second limit block 15 is greater than the length of the third limit block 16, and greater than the length of the first limit block 13, and the depth of the second groove body 14 (or the extension direction, preferably, parallel to the extension direction of the through hole) is greater than the depth of the first groove body 17 (or the extension direction, preferably, parallel to the extension direction of the through hole), see Figure 3 Similarly, in other embodiments, the cross-section of the through hole 8 may also be in other shapes, as long as it can place and guide the osteotomy tool 18 to achieve arc-shaped osteotomy.

[0040] In this embodiment, the length of the third stopper 16 is set to be smaller than the length of the second stopper 15 to facilitate replacement of the guide groove. For example, by applying an external force to the second stopper 15, causing it to pass through the opening on the outer wall of the curved slide rail 3, the third stopper 16 can slide out of the opening on the inner wall of the other end of the curved slide rail 3. Then, by applying an external force in the opposite direction to the second stopper 15, causing it to slide out of the opening on the inner wall of the curved slide rail 3, the guide groove can be removed from the curved slide rail 3. Of course, in other embodiments, the length of the third stopper 16 can also be equal to the length of the second stopper 15, but in this case, replacing the guide groove becomes more difficult.

[0041] Preferably, the axial direction of the osteotomy tool 18 is perpendicular to the curved surface of the curved guide rail 3. The angle of the second slot body 14 ensures that the osteotomy tool 18 can extend from the through hole 8 to the end position B of the talar osteotomy surface (curved surface) and begin osteotomy at this position. In other words, during the anterior osteotomy process, the axial direction of the osteotomy tool 18 is always perpendicular to the curved surface of the curved guide rail 3, or in other words, the axial direction of the osteotomy tool 18 always coincides with the radial direction of the osteotomy surface BC.

[0042] In this embodiment, the purpose of the depth of the second groove body 14 being greater than the depth of the first groove body 17 is that the depth of entry of the osteotomy tool 18 is inconsistent during osteotomy. Therefore, different depths of the guide grooves are designed to facilitate the control of the depth of the osteotomy tool 18 during osteotomy, so that when performing posterior osteotomy, it can extend into the posterior side of the talus to perform posterior osteotomy, and when performing anterior osteotomy, osteotomy can only be performed on the anterior side.

[0043] Preferably, both the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove 7 and the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove 10 have a through hole 8, and the through hole 8 is used to place the osteotomy tool 18, and the osteotomy tool 18 moves in the through hole 8 (see Figure 13 , moving back and forth from one end of the through hole 8 to the other, i.e., reciprocating along the length of the through hole, thereby achieving osteotomy), thereby achieving arcuate osteotomy of the talus. Specifically, by providing the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove 7 and the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove 10, the osteotomy tool 18 is guided and limited in the lateral (left-right) and anterior-posterior directions of the talus, thereby achieving staged osteotomy.

[0044] In order to perform arc-shaped osteotomy on the talus 6, it is necessary to set arc-shaped tracks 2 on both sides of the talus 6 to ensure that the final osteotomy surface obtained by stable osteotomy is an arc-shaped surface. The anterior talar osteotomy guide groove 7 and the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove 10 are set because during the anterior approach surgery, osteotomy must be performed in stages to achieve arc-shaped osteotomy, and the osteotomy position and distance of the talus are different in each stage. Therefore, different guide grooves need to be replaced in two different stages.

[0045] like Figure 7-10In the talar osteotomy surgical process shown, when a posterior talar osteotomy surgery is required, the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove 10 is installed on the arc slide 3, and the osteotomy tool 18 is installed in the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove 10; when the first limiting block 13 makes the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove 10 located at the first end 19 of the arc slide 3 close to the tibia 5, the osteotomy end of the osteotomy tool 18 extends into the posterior side of the talar osteotomy arc surface and is located at the posterior osteotomy starting position A; when the first limiting block 13 is used to make the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove 10 slide along the arc slide 3 away from the second end 21 of the tibia 5, and when the first limiting block 13 moves to the second end 21, the osteotomy end of the osteotomy tool 18 is located at the posterior osteotomy ending position B on the talar osteotomy arc surface, see Figure 7 and Figure 8 ; When the lateral osteotomy is completed, the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove 10 is replaced by the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove 7, and it is installed on the arc slide 3 so that its second limit block 15 is located at the first end 19 of the arc slide 3 close to the tibia. At this time, the osteotomy end of the osteotomy tool 18 is located at the posterior osteotomy end position B on the talar osteotomy arc surface (this position is also the anterior osteotomy starting position); when the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove 7 is slid from the first end 19 of the arc slide 3 close to the tibia 5 along the arc slide 3 away from the second end 21 of the tibia 5, and when the second limit block 15 moves to the second end 21, the osteotomy end of the osteotomy tool 18 is located at the anterior osteotomy end position C on the talar osteotomy arc surface, see Figure 9 and Figure 10 .

[0046] The arcuate osteotomy of the talus to be achieved by the present invention is divided into two different stages. The first stage is the osteotomy of the posterior side of the talus, and the second stage is the osteotomy of the anterior side of the talus. In the first stage, the posterior side of the talus osteotomy guide groove 10 is used, and the starting position A of the osteotomy required in the early stage is learned. The osteotomy tool 18 only uses the front edge and the bottom edge during the operation. The first limit block 13 set in the arcuate slide rail 3 moves from the first end 19 to the second end 21 in the arcuate slide rail 3, and the arcuate osteotomy of the posterior side of the talus in the first stage is completed; in the second stage, the anterior side of the talus osteotomy guide groove 7 is replaced. The surgical method and process of this part are different from the first stage in that the two limit blocks of the anterior side of the talus osteotomy guide groove 7 of this part, namely the second limit block 15 and the third limit block 16, are different from the posterior side of the talus osteotomy guide groove 10, and the lengths of the two limit blocks are different. The distance of the second limit block 15 is longer than the distance of the third limit block 16, and the length of the limit block is related to the amount of anterior side of the talus osteotomy.

[0047] like Figure 11As shown in the figure, the specific relationship between osteotomy and motion is as follows: ABC is the talar osteotomy arc, R1 is the talar osteotomy radius, R2 is the radius of the curved guide rail, the tool length is L, the osteotomy surface AB is guided by the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove, and the osteotomy surface BC is guided by the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove. According to the figure, during the posterior osteotomy, the osteotomy surface AB corresponds to the central angle α. Therefore, the range of motion of the curved guide rail required by the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove is L1 = α * π * R2 / 180. The anterior osteotomy surface BC corresponds to the central angle β, and the range of motion of the guide rail required by the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove is L2 = β * π * R2 / 180. The front and rear osteotomy guide grooves use the same slide rails. Accordingly, in order to match the arc length slide rail 3, all limit blocks are set to be arc-shaped, and in order to achieve the limiting effect, the arc length relationship between the second limit block 15 and the first limit block 13 is: arc length difference = |L1-L2| = |(α-β)|*π*R2 / 180.

[0048] The guiding direction of the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove is perpendicular to the osteotomy surface BC or the arc-shaped slide rail, and the guiding direction of the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove is at an angle of 90-α to the radial direction of the osteotomy surface AB or the arc-shaped slide rail.

[0049] The depth limit module design dimension of the posterior osteotomy guide groove is: L-R2*cosα; the depth limit module design dimension of the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove is: L-R2.

[0050] In some embodiments, two rows of fixing holes are arranged side by side along the height direction of the positioning plate 1 (the two fixing holes correspond to the two existing holes on the tibia, so that no additional holes need to be opened to fix the positioning plate), wherein the top row includes at least two first fixing holes 4a, and the axes of at least two first fixing holes 4a are parallel; the bottom row includes at least one second fixing hole 4b, and the axes of the second fixing holes 4b are not parallel to the axes of the first fixing holes 4a. The two rows of fixing holes fix the positioning plate 1 to the tibia 5 through K-type pins, and the positioning member 1 also plays the role of positioning the arcuate slide 3, so the positioning member 1 needs to be attached to the tibia 5. "Non-parallel" in this article means that the projections of the axes of the two holes on the same plane are not parallel, so that there is an intersection between the two in spatial position, thereby enhancing the stability of the components provided with the fixing holes, such as the fixing plate and the arcuate slide.

[0051] Preferably, the two curved rails 3 are each provided with a talar fixation hole 27 at their second ends, away from the connection between the curved rails and the connecting rod. The axes of the two talar fixation holes 27 are not parallel, so that the axes of the two Kirschner wires installed through the two talar fixation holes 27 are not parallel. The Kirschner wires secure the second ends of the curved rails 3 to the talus, ensuring that the curved rails 3 do not deviate from their direction. During the operation, the guide grooves of the two different osteotomy stages that perform arcuate motion can move stably within the curved rails 3. Figure 14 and Figure 15 .

[0052] In some embodiments, the arcuate slide rail 3 includes a slide rail body, in which a sliding groove 24 is provided for accommodating a first limit block 13, a second limit block 15 or a third limit block 16. The sliding groove 24 is relative to the two side walls provided with avoidance grooves 26 which are provided along the length direction of the arcuate slide rail 3. The second limit block 15 and the third limit block 16 of the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove 7, and the first limit block 13 of the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove 10 move in the slide rail body.

[0053] Preferably, a fixing groove 25 is provided on the top of the slide rail body and is connected to the sliding groove 24 (see Figure 6 , the fixed groove is an opening at the top of the slide rail body, which is connected to the sliding groove through the opening). The length of the fixed groove 25 is consistent with that of the sliding groove 24. A sliding block 9 is provided on the fixed groove 25. The sliding block 9 is connected to the first limit block 13, the second limit block 15, or the third limit block 16 through a fastening screw 11, and can move in the fixed groove 25 of the arc-shaped slide rail 3.

[0054] Because the two different guide slots' limit blocks need to move within the curved rail 3, a sliding slot 24 is defined in the middle of the curved rail 3 to ensure the smooth movement of the two guide slots within the curved rail 3. The guide slot's limit blocks and the sliding block 9 are secured with setscrews 11. This ensures that the limit blocks move only along the length of the sliding slot 24 within the curved rail 3 and do not move laterally. Only when the setscrews are loosened or removed can the guide slots move laterally, for example, through the escape slots 26 on the inner or outer walls of the sliding slot 24.

[0055] In some embodiments, the connecting rods 12 extending from the left and right ends of the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove 7 and the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove 10 to the arcuate slide rail 3 are designed to avoid air gaps, and the thickness of the connecting rods 12 is less than the first limit block 13, the second limit block 15, and the third limit block 16. Preferably, one side of the connecting rod 12 is a beveled surface.

[0056] The purpose of setting the connecting rod 12 in this way is to provide more avoidance space, so as to facilitate the replacement of two different guide grooves. Specifically, when replacing, separate the sliding block 9 and the limit block of the guide groove, move one side of the connecting rod 12 along the length direction of the sliding groove (or to the left and right avoidance grooves 26), let the limit block move out of the sliding groove 24, and then remove the guide groove and replace it with another guide groove. Figure 13 .

[0057] In some embodiments, the line connecting the positioning plate 1, the two connecting rods 2, and the first ends of the two curved rails 3 is an isosceles trapezoid. The distance between the two pre-existing axially parallel fixation holes in the tibia 5 is relatively small, while the width of the osteotomy area on the talus is relatively wide. Therefore, in order to avoid adding additional fixation holes on the tibia 5 and to consider the operating space for replacing the directional slots, the two ends of the positioning plate on the talus are connected to two connecting rods 2 in an eight-shaped shape, which are then connected to the curved rails 3 through these connecting rods 2.

[0058] In some embodiments, the angle between the chord between the first end 19 and the second end 21 of the arc-shaped slide rail 3 and the plane formed by the connecting rod 2 is 90°-180°.

[0059] In some embodiments, the positioning plate 1 is integrally formed using 3D printing technology and is made of nylon, photosensitive resin, metal, etc. The position and size of the tibia 5 and talus 6 vary from individual to individual. Therefore, in the device of the present invention, each part needs to be scanned and measured to produce devices of different specifications.

[0060] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0061] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. An osteotomy guide device for achieving arcuate osteotomy of the talus via an anterior approach, characterized in that: include: A positioning plate for fixing on the tibia, the positioning plate comprising a fitting surface that fits the tibia, and a connecting rod fixedly connected to each end of the positioning plate; and the axial direction of the positioning plate is perpendicular to the plane where the connecting rod is located; Two symmetrically arranged arc-shaped slide rails, each of which is connected to one end of each connecting rod; A talar posterior osteotomy guide groove that can be installed on the arcuate slide rail, comprising a first groove body, a through hole penetrating the first groove body, connecting rods respectively provided on both sides of the first groove body, and a first limit block that can slide on the arcuate slide rail provided at one end of the connecting rod extending into the arcuate slide rail; The anterior talar osteotomy guide groove can be installed on the arcuate slide rail, comprising a second groove body, a through hole provided in the second groove body and passing through the second groove body, connecting rods are respectively provided on both sides of the second groove body, and one end of the connecting rod extending into the arcuate slide rail is provided with a second limit block and a third limit block that can slide on the arcuate slide rail; the length of the second limit block is greater than the length of the first limit block, and the length of the third limit block is less than or equal to the second limit block; the depth of the second groove body is greater than the depth of the first groove body; When a posterior talar osteotomy operation is required, the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove is installed on the arc slide rail, and the osteotomy tool is installed in the through hole of the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove, so that the angle between the axial direction of the osteotomy tool and the radial direction of the arc slide rail is 90°-α, wherein α is the central angle of the talar osteotomy surface AB formed on the talus under the guidance of the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove; when the first limit block corresponding to the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove is located at the first end of the arc slide rail close to the tibia, the osteotomy end of the osteotomy tool extends into the posterior side of the talar osteotomy arc surface and is located at the posterior osteotomy starting position A; when the first limit block corresponding to the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove is slid along the arc slide rail away from the second end of the tibia, and when the first limit block moves to the second end, the osteotomy end of the osteotomy tool is located at the posterior osteotomy ending position B on the talar osteotomy arc surface; When the posterior osteotomy of the talus is completed, the posterior osteotomy guide groove of the talus is replaced with the anterior osteotomy guide groove of the talus, and it is installed on the arc slide rail, and the osteotomy tool is installed in the through hole of the anterior osteotomy guide groove of the talus so that the axial direction of the osteotomy tool is perpendicular to the arc surface of the arc slide rail; and when the second limit block is located at the first end of the arc slide rail close to the tibia, the osteotomy end of the osteotomy tool is located at the posterior osteotomy end position B on the arc surface of the talar osteotomy, when the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove is slid from the first end of the arc slide rail close to the tibia along the second end of the arc slide rail away from the tibia, and when the second limit block moves to the second end, the osteotomy end of the osteotomy tool is located at the anterior osteotomy end position C on the arc surface of the talar osteotomy.

2. The osteotomy guide device for achieving arcuate osteotomy of the talus via an anterior approach according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning plate is provided with two rows of fixing holes arranged in parallel along its height direction, wherein the top row includes at least two first fixing holes, and the axial directions of the at least two first fixing holes are parallel to each other; the bottom row includes at least one second fixing hole, and the axial direction of the second fixing hole is not parallel to the axial direction of the first fixing hole; and / or, The arcuate slide rail is provided with a talus fixing hole at a second end away from the connection between the arcuate slide rail and the connecting rod, and the axes of the two talus fixing holes are not parallel.

3. The osteotomy guide device for achieving arcuate osteotomy of the talus via an anterior approach according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection lines between the positioning plate, the two connecting rods and the first ends of the two arc-shaped slide rails form an isosceles trapezoid.

4. The osteotomy guide device for achieving arcuate osteotomy of the talus via an anterior approach according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motion range of the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove on the arcuate slide rail is L1=α*π*R2 / 180; the motion range of the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove on the arcuate slide rail is L2=β*π*R2 / 180; wherein β is the central angle of the talar osteotomy surface BC formed on the talus by the osteotomy tool under the guidance of the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove, and R2 is the radius of the arcuate slide rail.

5. The osteotomy guide device for achieving arcuate osteotomy of the talus via an anterior approach according to claim 4, characterized in that: The difference between the arc length of the second limit block and the arc length of the first limit block is: .

6. The osteotomy guide device for achieving arcuate osteotomy of the talus via an anterior approach according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arcuate slide rail includes a slide rail body, a sliding groove for accommodating the first limit block, the second limit block or the third limit block is provided in the slide rail body, and avoidance grooves are provided on the two side walls of the sliding groove that are opposite to each other and pass through along the length direction of the arcuate slide rail. The second limit block and the third limit block of the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove, and the first limit block of the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove move in the sliding groove.

7. The osteotomy guide device for achieving arcuate osteotomy of the talus via an anterior approach according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fixing groove communicating with the sliding groove is provided on the top of the slide rail body; A sliding block is provided on the fixed groove of the arc-shaped slide rail. The sliding block is connected to the first limiting block, the second limiting block, or the third limiting block through a fastener and can move on the fixed groove.

8. The osteotomy guide device for achieving arcuate osteotomy of the talus via an anterior approach according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the connecting rod is smaller than the thickness of the first limiting block, the second limiting block or the third limiting block.

9. The osteotomy guide device for achieving arcuate osteotomy of the talus via an anterior approach according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the through hole is rectangular.

10. The osteotomy guide device for achieving arcuate osteotomy of the talus via an anterior approach according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the posterior talar osteotomy guide groove L3=L-R2*cosα; and / or, the depth of the anterior talar osteotomy guide groove L4=L-R2; wherein L is the length of the tool in the osteotomy tool acting on the talus, and R2 is the radius of the arc-shaped slide rail.

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