Bridge vibration reduction equipment and bridge vibration reduction optimization method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vibration reduction and isolation devices, in particular to bridge vibration reduction equipment and a bridge vibration reduction optimization method and system. The bridge vibration reduction equipment comprises a friction pendulum support used for being installed between a main beam and a bridge pier; the damper is used for being installed between the main beam and the bridge pier; the damper is configured in the mode that when the relative displacement speed between the main beam and the bridge pier is smaller than a preset threshold value, the damper is kept in a dormant state and does not provide damping force; and when the relative displacement speed between the main beam and the bridge pier is larger than a preset threshold value, the damper enters an activated state to generate damping force between the main beam and the bridge pier until the relative displacement speed between the main beam and the bridge pier is smaller than the preset threshold value. The damper is arranged between the main beam and the bridge pier, so that damping force is generated when the bridge and the bridge pier have sudden displacement change, the stick-slip phenomenon of the bridge friction pendulum support is prevented, frequent stick-slip acceleration of support abrasion is avoided, and the service life of the friction pendulum support is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration reduction and seismic isolation devices, and in particular to a bridge vibration reduction device, a bridge vibration reduction optimization method and a system. Background Art

[0002] Earthquakes, one of the most devastating sudden disasters, can cause casualties, property damage, and even the collapse of buildings and bridges. In numerous major earthquakes both domestically and internationally, bridges and buildings, essential for life, have been severely damaged. This has also disrupted roads, triggered secondary disasters, and significantly complicated post-earthquake relief and reconstruction efforts. Therefore, research in seismic isolation and mitigation technologies is crucial for protecting life and property and mitigating earthquake losses.

[0003] A friction pendulum isolation bearing achieves its isolation function by extending the structural isolation period through spherical oscillation and dissipating seismic energy through friction on the sliding interface. It exhibits comprehensive performance, including low sensitivity to seismic excitation frequencies, high stability, a strong self-reset and energy dissipation mechanism, and excellent durability. However, in engineering design, attention is usually focused solely on the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum bearing. The value of the dynamic friction coefficient has a significant impact on the seismic design of the structure. When the dynamic friction coefficient decreases, the bearing displacement increases, the bending moment at the pier bottom decreases, and the bearing residual displacement decreases. When the dynamic friction coefficient increases, the bearing displacement decreases, the bending moment at the pier bottom increases, and the bearing residual displacement increases.

[0004] However, the static friction coefficient and kinetic friction coefficient of a practical friction pendulum bearing are different, and the static friction coefficient is typically greater than the kinetic friction coefficient. When an external force is applied to the contact surface but does not reach the critical value of static friction, the two surfaces remain relatively stationary (a "sticking" state), and the bridge gradually stores energy due to the external force, causing deformation. When the external force exceeds the maximum static friction, the contact surface suddenly slips, rapidly releasing the stored energy. This kinetic energy is converted into frictional heat or other forms of energy. During this sliding process, the friction force drops to a lower value than the kinetic friction. This phenomenon is known as "stick-slip" in the bearing. Stick-slip in a friction pendulum bearing can cause sudden acceleration changes in the bridge structure, compromising its seismic isolation performance and even inducing resonance. Under low-frequency excitation, stick-slip can cause excessive structural displacement, compromising safety. This stick-slip process can produce a harsh friction noise (such as a "squeaking" sound). Frequent stick-slip events accelerate bearing wear and reduce its service life. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Regarding the related technologies, the friction pendulum bearings of bridges are prone to "stick-slip" phenomenon, which causes the friction pendulum bearings of bridges to accelerate bearing wear and reduce their service life.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a bridge vibration reduction device, comprising: Friction pendulum bearings, which are installed between the main beam and the pier; A damper is installed between a main beam and a bridge pier; and the damper is configured to: When the relative displacement speed between the main beam and the pier is less than a preset threshold, the damper remains in a dormant state and does not provide a damping force; When the relative displacement speed between the main beam and the bridge pier is greater than a preset threshold, the damper enters an activation state to generate a damping force between the main beam and the bridge pier until the relative displacement speed between the main beam and the bridge pier is less than the preset threshold.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the damper includes a speed locking damper.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the damper is configured to deform along with the main beam or pier under the action of temperature.

[0009] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a bridge vibration reduction optimization method using the above-mentioned bridge vibration reduction device, which includes: Performing parameter detection on the friction pendulum support to obtain key parameters of the friction pendulum support; Determine whether the friction pendulum support meets the preset requirements for stick-slip according to the key parameters of the friction pendulum support; wherein, If the friction pendulum support meets the preset requirements, the damper is activated when a sudden displacement change occurs between the main beam and the pier.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, judging whether the friction pendulum bearing meets preset requirements for stick-slip according to key parameters of the friction pendulum bearing includes: It is determined whether the friction pendulum support meets the preset requirement for stick-slip according to the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, before determining whether the friction pendulum support meets preset requirements for stick-slip according to the static friction coefficient and the kinetic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support, the method further includes: The static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support are calculated according to the key parameters of the friction pendulum support.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, calculating the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support according to the key parameters of the friction pendulum support includes: According to the formula:

[0013]

[0014] Calculating the static friction coefficient μ 1 and the coefficient of kinetic friction μ 2, where k 1 represents the stiffness before sliding of the friction pendulum support in the key parameters, W represents the pressure on the friction pendulum support in the key parameters, Dy represents the yield displacement of the friction pendulum support in the key parameters, D represents the displacement of the friction pendulum support in the key parameters, R represents the equivalent swing radius of the friction pendulum support in the key parameters, represents the symbolic function, represents the relative displacement velocity of the friction pendulum support.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, judging whether the friction pendulum support meets preset requirements for stick-slip according to the static friction coefficient and the kinetic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support includes: Determine the preset threshold value according to the yield displacement Dy of the friction pendulum bearing and the equivalent swing radius R of the friction pendulum bearing; When the difference between the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support is greater than a preset threshold, it is determined that the friction pendulum support meets the preset requirement for stick-slip; When the difference between the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support is not greater than a preset threshold, it is determined that the friction pendulum support does not meet the preset requirement for stick-slip.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, activating the damper when a sudden displacement change occurs between the main beam and the pier includes: adjusting the damping force of the damper according to the sudden displacement change and displacement speed between the main beam and the pier.

[0017] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a bridge vibration reduction optimization system, characterized by comprising: a testing unit, configured to perform parameter detection on the friction pendulum support to obtain key parameters of the friction pendulum support; A judgment unit is used to judge whether the friction pendulum support meets the preset requirements for stick-slip according to the key parameters of the friction pendulum support; wherein, An execution unit is used to activate a damper when a sudden displacement change occurs between the main beam and the pier if the friction pendulum support meets preset requirements.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application include: This application sets a damper between the main beam and the pier to generate a damping force when the bridge and the pier undergo sudden displacement changes, so as to prevent the "stick-slip" phenomenon of the bridge friction pendulum bearing, thereby avoiding frequent stick-slip that accelerates bearing wear and improving the service life of the friction pendulum bearing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a bridge vibration reduction device in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is the hysteresis curve of the friction pendulum support in the embodiment of the present application when the difference between the dynamic and static friction coefficients is relatively small; Figure 3 This is the hysteresis curve of the friction pendulum support in the embodiment of the present application when the difference between the dynamic and static friction coefficients is large; Figure 4 This is the relationship curve between the damping force of the damper and the support speed in the embodiment of this application.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Friction pendulum support; 2. Main beam; 3. Bridge pier; 4. Damper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] Regarding the related technologies, the friction pendulum bearings of bridges are prone to "stick-slip" phenomenon, which causes the friction pendulum bearings of bridges to accelerate bearing wear and reduce their service life.

[0024] First, as Figure 1 As shown, a bridge vibration reduction device includes: a friction pendulum support 1 and a damper 4; wherein, The friction pendulum support 1 is installed between the main beam 2 and the bridge pier 3; the damper 4 is installed between the main beam 2 and the bridge pier 3; and the damper 4 is configured as follows: When the relative displacement speed between the main beam 2 and the pier 3 is less than a preset threshold, the damper 4 remains in a dormant state and does not provide a damping force; When the relative displacement speed between the main beam 2 and the pier 3 is greater than a preset threshold, the damper 4 enters an activation state to generate a damping force between the main beam 2 and the pier 3 until the relative displacement speed between the main beam 2 and the pier 3 is less than the preset threshold.

[0025] It is worth noting that because the friction pendulum bearing 1 is installed between the main beam 2 and the bridge pier 3, the relative displacement between the main beam 2 and the bridge pier 3 is equal to the relative displacement of the friction pendulum bearing 1. Therefore, stick-slip of the friction pendulum bearing can cause sudden changes in acceleration of the bridge structure, affecting the seismic isolation effect and even inducing resonance. Under low-frequency excitation, stick-slip can cause excessive structural displacement, compromising safety. In the above embodiment, the damping force generated by the damper 4 is used to prevent stick-slip of the friction pendulum bearing 1.

[0026] It should be further explained that when the main beam 2 and the pier 3 remain relatively stationary, the damper 4 remains in a dormant state and does not function. However, when the main beam 2 and the pier 3 move relative to each other, there are three situations: Case 1: Under the action of temperature, the friction pendulum support 1 undergoes relative displacement, but if Figure 4 As shown, the relative displacement speed of the displacement is lower than the preset threshold value V1, and the friction pendulum support 1 has no stick-slip phenomenon. At this time, the damper 4 does not take effect.

[0027] Case 2: Under the influence of temperature, the relative displacement speed of the friction pendulum support 1 is higher than the preset threshold value V1, and a stick-slip phenomenon occurs. The damper 4 takes effect to reduce the stick-slip phenomenon.

[0028] Case 3: Under earthquake action, when the relative displacement velocity between the main beam 2 and the pier 3 exceeds the preset threshold value V1, the damper 4 takes effect and, together with the friction pendulum support 1, reduces seismic isolation and reduces the seismic response.

[0029] In some specific implementations, the damper 4 includes a speed locking damper.

[0030] It is understood that the present application uses a velocity-locking damper, which can adjust its damping force according to the sudden displacement change between the main beam 2 and the bridge pier 3. A sudden displacement change refers to the relative displacement speed between the main beam 2 and the bridge pier 3 exceeding a preset threshold.

[0031] In some preferred embodiments, the damper 4 is configured to deform along with the main beam 2 or the pier 3 under the action of temperature.

[0032] It's worth noting that temperature fluctuations can cause bridge structural materials to expand and contract, leading to localized stress concentrations. Damper 4 dynamically adjusts its damping force as the structure deforms, absorbing the additional vibration energy caused by temperature, distributing stress, and reducing the risk of material fatigue damage caused by repeated thermal deformation.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present application provides a bridge vibration reduction optimization method using the above-mentioned bridge vibration reduction device, which comprises the following steps: Step S1 : performing parameter detection on the friction pendulum support 1 to obtain key parameters of the friction pendulum support 1 .

[0034] Specifically, step S1 includes: Step S1a: Calculate the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support 1 according to the key parameters of the friction pendulum support 1.

[0035] Optionally, the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support 1 can also be obtained through experiments.

[0036] Specifically, according to the formula:

[0037]

[0038] Calculating the static friction coefficient μ 1 and the coefficient of kinetic friction μ 2, where k 1 represents the stiffness before sliding of the friction pendulum support in the key parameters, W represents the pressure on the friction pendulum support in the key parameters, Dy represents the yield displacement of the friction pendulum support in the key parameters, D represents the displacement of the friction pendulum support in the key parameters, R represents the equivalent swing radius of the friction pendulum support in the key parameters, represents the symbolic function, represents the relative displacement velocity of the friction pendulum support, and Dd represents the maximum sliding displacement of the friction pendulum support.

[0039] Step S1b: judging whether the friction pendulum support 1 meets the preset requirement for stick-slip according to the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support 1.

[0040] Specifically, the preset threshold is determined according to the yield displacement Dy of the friction pendulum bearing and the equivalent swing radius R of the friction pendulum bearing; Case 1: When the difference between the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support 1 is greater than a preset threshold, it is determined that the friction pendulum support 1 meets the preset requirement for stick-slip. Case 2: When the difference between the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support 1 is not greater than a preset threshold, it is determined that the friction pendulum support 1 does not meet the preset requirement for stick-slip.

[0041] It is worth noting that when the difference between the dynamic and static friction coefficients is small ( , no stick-slip phenomenon occurs), the hysteresis curve of the friction pendulum support is shown in Figure 2. The straight line segment OA represents the relationship between the horizontal shear force and the displacement of the support when the friction pendulum support does not slide, and the line segment BCDE represents the relationship between the horizontal shear force and the displacement of the support after the friction pendulum support slides. Point A represents the transition point from static to dynamic of the friction pendulum support. When the difference between the dynamic and static friction coefficients is small, causing point A to fall exactly on the line segment BCDE, the friction force will not change suddenly when the friction pendulum support transforms from static friction to dynamic friction, that is, when the relationship between the dynamic and static friction coefficients satisfies When the friction pendulum supports are in motion, they will smoothly transition from a stationary state to a moving state.

[0042] When the dynamic and static friction coefficients of the friction pendulum support differ greatly ( , the support hysteresis curve when stick-slip occurs is as follows Figure 3 As shown, point A represents the point at which the support changes from static to moving. Due to the large difference between the dynamic and static friction coefficients, point A will not fall on the hysteresis curve BCDE. When the support changes from static to moving, a sudden displacement will occur between the friction pendulum supports, which is represented in the figure as If the sudden displacement at the moment of conversion between dynamic and static friction is too large, it will cause the main beam to vibrate, affecting the normal use of the bridge.

[0043] Step S2: determining whether the friction pendulum bearing 1 meets preset requirements for stick-slip based on key parameters of the friction pendulum bearing 1; wherein, if the friction pendulum bearing 1 meets the preset requirements, activating the damper 4 when a sudden displacement change occurs between the main beam 2 and the pier 3.

[0044] Specifically, the damping force of the damper 4 is adjusted according to the sudden displacement change and displacement speed between the main beam 2 and the pier 3 .

[0045] It is worth noting that the damper 4 can deform freely with the support / main beam under the action of temperature, and the damper does not provide damping force. Figure 4 f0 in the equation is only the friction force between the internal components of the damper. When stick-slip occurs, it is locked to prevent sudden displacement changes between the main beam 2 and the pier 3. It controls the friction pendulum support 1 to prevent stick-slip and reduces the vibration of the main beam when stick-slip occurs. The stick-slip damping force of the damper 4 is: After the stick-slip impact ends, the damper 4 automatically unlocks, releasing the energy between the main beam 2 and the pier 3. Under medium and high speeds (seismic loads), the friction pendulum support 1 and the damper 4 work together to provide damping for the main beam 2 and jointly resist the seismic energy. The damping force of the damper 4 is: , the best anti-seismic effect is achieved through the damping energy consumption of the damper 4 and the friction energy consumption of the friction pendulum support 1.

[0046] In the above formula, Ks is the stick-slip locking stiffness, and its value should ensure that the support does not stick-slip. Δx is the displacement mutation when the support stick-slip occurs. , C and α are the damping parameters in the damping stage, and v is the support displacement velocity. It is worth noting that C and α are the damping parameters in the damping stage. Their values ​​should be combined with finite element calculations and take into account the working conditions under earthquakes to ensure that the seismic effect of the bridge is no less than that of a simple friction pendulum bearing.

[0047] In a third aspect, the present application provides a bridge vibration reduction optimization system, which includes: a testing unit, a judgment unit and an execution unit; wherein, a testing unit for performing parameter detection on the friction pendulum bearing 1 to obtain key parameters of the friction pendulum bearing 1; a judging unit for judging whether the friction pendulum bearing 1 meets preset requirements for stick-slip based on the key parameters of the friction pendulum bearing 1; and an executing unit for activating the damper 4 when a sudden displacement change occurs between the main beam 2 and the pier 3 if the friction pendulum bearing 1 meets the preset requirements.

[0048] To summarize, this application sets a damper between the main beam and the pier to generate a damping force when the bridge and the pier undergo sudden displacement changes, thereby preventing the bridge friction pendulum bearing from experiencing "stick-slip" phenomenon, thereby avoiding frequent stick-slip acceleration of bearing wear and improving the service life of the friction pendulum bearing.

[0049] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0051] The foregoing is merely a list of specific embodiments of the present application, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present application.

Claims

1. A bridge vibration reduction device, characterized in that: include: A friction pendulum support (1) is used to be installed between the main beam (2) and the pier (3); A damper (4) is used to be installed between the main beam (2) and the pier (3); and the damper (4) is configured to: When the relative displacement speed between the main beam (2) and the bridge pier (3) is less than a preset threshold value, the damper (4) remains in a dormant state and does not provide a damping force; When the relative displacement speed between the main beam (2) and the bridge pier (3) is greater than a preset threshold, the damper (4) enters an activated state to generate a damping force between the main beam (2) and the bridge pier (3) until the relative displacement speed between the main beam (2) and the bridge pier (3) is less than the preset threshold.

2. The bridge vibration reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damper (4) comprises a speed locking damper.

3. The bridge vibration reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damper (4) is used to deform along with the main beam (2) or the bridge pier (3) under the action of temperature.

4. A bridge vibration reduction optimization method using the bridge vibration reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: Performing parameter detection on the friction pendulum support (1) to obtain key parameters of the friction pendulum support (1); Judging whether the friction pendulum support (1) meets preset requirements for stick-slip according to key parameters of the friction pendulum support (1); wherein, If the friction pendulum support (1) meets the preset requirements, the damper (4) is activated when a sudden displacement change occurs between the main beam (2) and the pier (3).

5. The bridge vibration reduction optimization method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The determining, based on the key parameters of the friction pendulum support (1), whether the friction pendulum support (1) meets the preset requirements for stick-slip, comprises: Whether the friction pendulum support (1) meets preset requirements for stick-slip is determined based on the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support (1).

6. The bridge vibration reduction optimization method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Before judging whether the friction pendulum support (1) meets the preset requirements for stick-slip according to the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support (1), the method further includes: The static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support (1) are calculated based on the key parameters of the friction pendulum support (1).

7. The bridge vibration reduction optimization method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Calculating the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support (1) based on the key parameters of the friction pendulum support (1) includes: According to the formula: Calculating the static friction coefficient μ 1 and the coefficient of kinetic friction μ 2, where k 1 represents the stiffness before sliding of the friction pendulum support in the key parameters, W represents the pressure on the friction pendulum support in the key parameters, Dy represents the yield displacement of the friction pendulum support in the key parameters, D represents the displacement of the friction pendulum support in the key parameters, R represents the equivalent swing radius of the friction pendulum support in the key parameters, represents the symbolic function, represents the relative displacement velocity of the friction pendulum support.

8. The bridge vibration reduction optimization method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The determining, based on the static friction coefficient and the kinetic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support (1), whether the friction pendulum support (1) meets the preset requirements for stick-slip, comprises: Determine the preset threshold value according to the yield displacement Dy of the friction pendulum bearing and the equivalent swing radius R of the friction pendulum bearing; When the difference between the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support (1) is greater than a preset threshold value, it is determined that the friction pendulum support (1) meets the preset requirement for stick-slip; When the difference between the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction pendulum support (1) is not greater than a preset threshold value, it is determined that the friction pendulum support (1) does not meet the preset requirement for stick-slip.

9. The bridge vibration reduction optimization method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The damper (4) is activated when a sudden displacement change occurs between the main beam (2) and the bridge pier (3), comprising: adjusting the damping force of the damper (4) according to the sudden displacement change and displacement speed between the main beam (2) and the bridge pier (3).

10. A bridge vibration reduction optimization system, characterized in that: include: A testing unit, used for performing parameter detection on the friction pendulum support (1) to obtain key parameters of the friction pendulum support (1); A judgment unit, which is used to judge whether the friction pendulum support (1) meets the preset requirements for stick-slip according to the key parameters of the friction pendulum support (1); wherein, An execution unit is used for activating a damper (4) when a sudden displacement change occurs between the main beam (2) and the pier (3) if the friction pendulum support (1) meets preset requirements.

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