Mechanical temperature-adaptive pier beam longitudinal bridge-constraining structure

Abstract

The application relates to a mechanical temperature self-adaptive pier beam longitudinal constraint structure, which comprises a pier, a main beam arranged above the pier, an auxiliary beam installed on the top of the pier, the auxiliary beam being capable of being elongated or shortened under the action of system temperature and being located between the pier and the main beam, a displacement lever, one end of the displacement lever being hinged to the auxiliary beam through a first rotating shaft, the other end of the displacement lever being hinged to the main beam through a second rotating shaft, and the part of the displacement lever between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft being hinged to the pier through a third rotating shaft. Under the action of system temperature, the main beam and the auxiliary beam are respectively elongated or shortened, and the displacement lever only rotates synchronously, so that the temperature internal force of the main beam and the pier frame structure is released. Under the action of other loads, the main beam and the pier are connected through the auxiliary beam and the displacement lever, and when the main beam needs to be relatively displaced, the auxiliary beam and the displacement lever can constrain the horizontal deformation of the main beam and the pier, so that the main beam and the pier form a frame structure to jointly bear loads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge constraint systems, specifically to a mechanical temperature-adaptive pier-beam longitudinal constraint structure. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, bridges are typically structures composed of horizontal main beams and vertical piers. Vertically, the piers support the main beams; longitudinally, simply supported beam bridges and continuous beam bridges only constrain the main beams and one of the piers, continuous steel girder bridges only constrain the main beams and a flexible central pier, and cable-stayed bridges and suspension bridges either do not constrain the main beams and piers or only constrain the main beams and piers through elastic connections of specific stiffness. The reason for this is that if the main beams and all piers are constrained, the frame structure formed by the horizontal main beams and vertical piers will generate enormous thermal forces under the influence of system temperature, making the pier structure difficult to design. If only the main beams and one pier are constrained, the statically determinate structure formed by the horizontal main beams and vertical piers in the longitudinal direction will not have thermal internal forces under the influence of system temperature, but under longitudinal wind and earthquake forces, the horizontal displacement of the beams and the stress on the fixed piers will be significant.

[0003] In related technologies, for bridge structures that require constraint between the main girder and multiple piers, flexible piers or elastic connections with specific stiffness are chosen to balance the demands of temperature forces and other loads. The design of longitudinal constraint between piers and piers is a key and challenging aspect of bridge structural systems. Therefore, finding a suitable longitudinal constraint structure between the main girder and piers is an urgent need to improve the stress distribution of the structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a mechanical temperature-adaptive pier-beam longitudinal restraint structure, which can solve the problem in related technologies where the main beam and all piers are restrained, and temperature forces are generated under the influence of system temperature. In contrast, when only the main beam and one pier are restrained, the main beam and pier are subjected to large forces under longitudinal wind and earthquake forces.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a mechanical temperature-adaptive pier-beam longitudinal constraint structure, comprising: a pier on which a main beam is erected; an auxiliary beam installed on the top of the pier, the auxiliary beam being able to elongate or shorten under the influence of system temperature and located between the pier and the main beam; and a displacement lever, one end of which is hinged to the auxiliary beam via a first pivot, and the other end of which is hinged to the main beam via a second pivot, the portion of the displacement lever located between the first pivot and the second pivot being hinged to the pier via a third pivot.

[0006] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the distance L1 between the third rotating shaft and the first rotating shaft is less than the distance L2 between the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the length of expansion and contraction of the auxiliary beam under the influence of system temperature is L3, and the length of expansion and contraction of the main beam under the influence of system temperature is L4; the relationship between the two is: L3 / L4 = L1 / L2.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, each of the bridge piers is provided with the auxiliary beam and the displacement lever, and the directions of the auxiliary beam and the displacement lever on each bridge pier are symmetrically arranged along the deformation symmetry axis a of the main beam.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the displacement lever on each of the piers is connected to one end of the auxiliary beam near the deformation symmetry axis a.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the axis of the auxiliary beam is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the top surface of the pier.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the axis of the displacement lever is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the top surface of the pier.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the axis of the auxiliary beam is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the bridge.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the axis of the displacement lever is arranged along the transverse bridge direction.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the pier top is fixed with a first bracket and a second bracket, and the bottom of the main beam is fixed with a third bracket; the first bracket is hinged to the auxiliary beam via a fourth pivot, the second bracket is hinged to the displacement lever via the third pivot, and the third bracket is hinged to the displacement lever via the second pivot.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include at least the following:

[0016] By installing extendable or retractable auxiliary beams and rotatable displacement levers between the piers and the main beam, under the influence of system temperature, the main beam and auxiliary beams extend or retract respectively, while the displacement levers rotate synchronously. This releases the internal temperature forces of the main beam and pier frame structure. Under other loads, the main beam and pier are connected through the auxiliary beams and displacement levers. The piers are fixed, and when the main beam needs to undergo relative displacement, the auxiliary beams and displacement levers can constrain the horizontal deformation of the main beam and piers, allowing the main beam and piers to form a frame structure that shares the load. This creates a bridge structure that constrains the main beam and multiple piers, which can both release internal temperature forces and share the load. This solves the problem in related technologies where constraining the main beam and all piers results in temperature forces under system temperature, or where constraining only the main beam and one pier leads to large stresses on the main beam and piers under longitudinal wind and seismic loads. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mechanical temperature adaptive pier-beam longitudinal constraint structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a top view of the mechanical temperature-adaptive pier-beam longitudinal constraint structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the picture:

[0022] 1. Auxiliary beam; 2. Displacement lever; 3. Pier; 4. Main beam; 5. First pivot; 6. Second pivot; 7. Third pivot; 8. First corbel; 9. Second corbel; 10. Third corbel; 11. Fourth pivot. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] This application provides a mechanical temperature-adaptive pier-beam longitudinal restraint structure, which can solve the problem in related technologies where the restraint of the main beam and all piers generates temperature forces under the influence of system temperature, and where only the main beam and one pier are restrained, resulting in large stresses on the main beam and pier under longitudinal wind and earthquake effects.

[0025] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the figure, a mechanical temperature-adaptive pier-beam longitudinal constraint structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention may include: a pier 3, on which a main beam 4 is erected; an auxiliary beam 1, which is installed on the top of the pier 3, the auxiliary beam 1 being able to extend or shorten under the action of system temperature, and located between the pier 3 and the main beam 4; a displacement lever 2, one end of which is hinged to the auxiliary beam 1 through a first rotating shaft 5, and the other end of which is hinged to the main beam 4 through a second rotating shaft 6, the portion of the displacement lever 2 located between the first rotating shaft 5 and the second rotating shaft 6 being hinged to the pier 3 through a third rotating shaft 7.

[0026] In this embodiment, by setting an extendable or retractable auxiliary beam 1 and a rotatable displacement lever 2 between the pier 3 and the main beam 4, under the influence of system temperature, the main beam 4 and the auxiliary beam 1 extend or retract, and the displacement lever 2 rotates synchronously, thereby releasing the internal temperature force of the frame structure of the main beam 4 and the pier 3. Under other loads, the main beam 4 and the pier 3 are connected through the auxiliary beam 1 and the displacement lever 2. The pier 3 is in a fixed state. When the main beam 4 needs to undergo relative displacement, the auxiliary beam 1 and the displacement lever 2 can constrain the horizontal deformation of the main beam 4 and the pier 3, allowing the main beam 4 and the pier 3 to form a frame structure to jointly bear the load, thereby forming a bridge structure that constrains the main beam 4 and multiple piers 3, which can both release the internal temperature force and jointly bear the load.

[0027] See Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the distance L1 between the third rotating shaft 7 and the first rotating shaft 5 is less than the distance L2 between the second rotating shaft 6 and the third rotating shaft 7.

[0028] In this embodiment, the third rotating shaft 7 serves as the fulcrum for the rotation of the displacement lever 2. When the displacement lever 2 rotates around the third rotating shaft 7 by a certain angle, by making L1 less than L2, the distance that the end of the displacement lever 2 closest to the second rotating shaft 6 moves is greater than the distance that the end closest to the first rotating shaft 5 moves. The second rotating shaft 6 is hinged to the main beam 4, and the first rotating shaft 5 is hinged to the auxiliary beam 1, thereby allowing the extension and retraction length of the main beam 4 to be greater than the extension and retraction length of the auxiliary beam 1. In other words, when the main beam 4 extends and retracts a certain distance under the influence of system temperature, the auxiliary beam 1 only needs to extend and retract a shorter distance to offset the extension and retraction distance of the main beam 4, so that the displacement lever 2 only rotates synchronously, reducing the additional temperature force.

[0029] See Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the length of expansion and contraction of the auxiliary beam 1 under the influence of system temperature is L3, and the length of expansion and contraction of the main beam 4 under the influence of system temperature is L4; the relationship between the two is: L3 / L4 = L1 / L2.

[0030] In this embodiment, the auxiliary beam 1 has a length of FLn and a material linear expansion coefficient of αn. Under unit system temperature, the change in beam length is L3 = FLn × αn. The distance from the top of pier 3 to the zero point of temperature deformation (deformation symmetry axis a) of main beam 4, i.e., the temperature span of main beam 4 at the pier, is Ln. The material linear expansion coefficient of main beam 4 is α. Under unit system temperature, the change in length of main beam 4 at the pier top is L4 = Ln × α. The distance from the middle fulcrum of displacement lever 2 to the hinge point on the side of auxiliary beam 1 is L1, and the distance from the middle fulcrum to the hinge point on the side of main beam is L2. Therefore, L1 and L2 must satisfy L3 / L4 = L1 / L2. Under the action of system temperature, main beam 4 and auxiliary beam 1 expand and contract respectively. The ratio of their expansion and contraction amounts just satisfies the ratio of the extension arm lengths on both sides of displacement lever 2. Displacement lever 2 only rotates synchronously without additional temperature force.

[0031] See Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, each of the bridge piers 3 is provided with the auxiliary beam 1 and the displacement lever 2, and the directions of the auxiliary beam 1 and the displacement lever 2 on each of the bridge piers 3 are symmetrically arranged along the deformation symmetry axis a of the main beam 4.

[0032] In this embodiment, the deformation symmetry axis a passes through the temperature deformation 0 point of the main beam 4. That is, the main beam 4 deforms with the temperature deformation 0 point as the base point under the action of temperature. By symmetrically setting the auxiliary beam 1 and displacement lever 2 on each pier 3 along the deformation symmetry axis a, the internal temperature force of each part of the main beam 4 can be released evenly, and the load can be borne evenly on each part of the main beam 4. By arranging them on multiple piers 3 at the same time, the temperature self-adaptation of multiple piers can be easily and conveniently realized.

[0033] See Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the displacement lever 2 on each of the piers 3 is connected to one end of the auxiliary beam 1 near the deformation symmetry axis a.

[0034] In this embodiment, the main beam 4 deforms with the temperature deformation 0 point as the base point under the action of temperature. Theoretically, the main beam 4 will elongate in the direction away from the deformation symmetry axis a, or shorten in the direction closer to the deformation symmetry axis a. The auxiliary beam 1 is hinged to the pier 3 at the end away from the deformation symmetry axis a. The auxiliary beam 1 elongates in the direction closer to the deformation symmetry axis a, or shortens in the direction away from the deformation symmetry axis a. The two directions of extension and contraction are exactly opposite. Therefore, the end of the displacement lever 2 that is hinged to the auxiliary beam 1 rotates in the direction closer to the deformation symmetry axis a, and the end of the displacement lever 2 that is hinged to the main beam 4 rotates in the direction away from the deformation symmetry axis a. The internal force of temperature can be released by rotating the displacement lever 2.

[0035] See Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the axis of the auxiliary beam 1 is parallel to and spaced apart from the top surface of the pier 3. In this embodiment, the top surface of the pier 3 is parallel to the bottom surface of the main beam 4. The force transmitted from the main beam 4 to the auxiliary beam 1 is basically in the horizontal direction. By making the axis of the auxiliary beam 1 parallel to the top surface of the pier 3 and the bottom surface of the main beam 4, the auxiliary beam 1 is set along its force direction, avoiding the auxiliary beam 1 being subjected to forces dispersed to other directions. This allows for better release of internal forces due to temperature and the formation of a frame to jointly bear the load.

[0036] See Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the axis of the displacement lever 2 is parallel to and spaced apart from the top surface of the pier 3. In this embodiment, the top surface of the pier 3 is parallel to the bottom surface of the main beam 4. The force transmitted from the main beam 4 to the displacement lever 2 is basically in the horizontal direction. By making the axis of the displacement lever 2 parallel to the top surface of the pier 3 and the bottom surface of the main beam 4, the displacement lever 2 is set along its force direction, avoiding the displacement lever 2 being subjected to forces dispersed in other directions. This allows for better release of internal forces due to temperature and the formation of a frame to jointly bear the load.

[0037] See Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the axis of the auxiliary beam 1 is set along the longitudinal direction of the bridge, and the axis of the displacement lever 2 is set along the transverse direction of the bridge. In this embodiment, by setting the auxiliary beam 1 along the longitudinal direction of the bridge, the extension and contraction direction of the auxiliary beam 1 is also along the longitudinal direction of the bridge, and the displacement lever 2 is set along the transverse direction of the bridge. This allows the auxiliary beam 1 and the main beam 4 to rotate after extending and contracting along the longitudinal direction of the bridge. By setting the auxiliary beam 1 and the displacement lever 2 on the top of the pier 3 to form a longitudinal constraint with the main beam 4, it can both adapt to the difference in horizontal displacement between the main beam 4 and the pier 3 under the system temperature, thereby releasing the internal temperature force of the frame structure of the main beam 4 and the pier 3, and constrain the horizontal deformation of the main beam 4 and the pier 3 under other loads, allowing the main beam 4 and the pier 3 to form a frame structure to jointly bear the longitudinal load.

[0038] See Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the pier 3 has a first bracket 8 and a second bracket 9 fixed to its top, and the main beam 4 has a third bracket 10 fixed to its bottom. The first bracket 8 is hinged to the auxiliary beam 1 via a fourth pivot 11, the second bracket 9 is hinged to the displacement lever 2 via the third pivot 7, and the third bracket 10 is hinged to the displacement lever 2 via the second pivot 6. In this embodiment, by providing multiple brackets, the connection between the auxiliary beam 1 and the displacement lever 2 and the pier 3 and the main beam 4 is facilitated, and the auxiliary beam 1 and the displacement lever 2 are kept parallel to the pier 3 and the main beam 4, which facilitates the release of temperature stress and the sharing of loads.

[0039] The principle of this invention is as follows: the main beam 4 and the pier 3 are connected in the longitudinal direction of the bridge via an auxiliary beam 1 and a displacement lever 2. The displacement lever 2 is arranged between the main beam 4 and the pier 3, with one end hinged to the auxiliary beam 1 and the other end hinged to the main beam 4, and the middle support hinged to the pier 3. Under the influence of system temperature, the main beam 4 and the auxiliary beam 1 expand and contract respectively, and the ratio of their expansion and contraction exactly satisfies the ratio of the extension arm lengths on both sides of the displacement lever 2. The displacement lever 2 only rotates synchronously without any additional temperature force. Under other loads, the main beam 4 and the pier 3 are connected in the longitudinal direction of the bridge via the auxiliary beam 1 and the displacement lever 2, which is a constrained state and can transmit the connection force. Overall, a mechanical temperature-adaptive pier-beam longitudinal constrained structure is formed.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0042] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A mechanically temperature-adaptive pier-beam longitudinal restraint structure, characterized in that, It includes: The pier (3) has a main beam (4) erected on top of it. An auxiliary beam (1) is installed on the top of the pier (3). The auxiliary beam (1) can be extended or shortened under the action of system temperature and is located between the pier (3) and the main beam (4). The displacement lever (2) has one end hinged to one end of the auxiliary beam (1) via a first pivot (5), and the other end hinged to the main beam (4) via a second pivot (6). The part of the displacement lever (2) located between the first pivot (5) and the second pivot (6) is hinged to the pier (3) via a third pivot (7). The distance L1 between the third rotating shaft (7) and the first rotating shaft (5) is less than the distance L2 between the second rotating shaft (6) and the third rotating shaft (7); The auxiliary beam (1) expands and contracts by a length of L3 under the influence of system temperature, and the main beam (4) expands and contracts by a length of L4 under the influence of system temperature. The relationship between the two is: L3 / L4 = L1 / L2; The axis of the auxiliary beam (1) is set along the longitudinal direction of the bridge; The axis of the displacement lever (2) is set along the transverse bridge direction; The pier (3) is fixed with a first corbel (8) and a second corbel (9) at the top, and the main beam (4) is fixed with a third corbel (10) at the bottom. The first bracket (8) is hinged to the other end of the auxiliary beam (1) via the fourth pivot (11), the second bracket (9) is hinged to the displacement lever (2) via the third pivot (7), and the third bracket (10) is hinged to the displacement lever (2) via the second pivot (6).

2. The mechanical temperature-adaptive pier-beam longitudinal restraint structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the auxiliary beam (1) is parallel to and spaced apart from the top surface of the pier (3).

3. The mechanical temperature-adaptive pier-beam longitudinal restraint structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the displacement lever (2) is parallel to and spaced apart from the top surface of the pier (3).

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