Gravity type wave making device of super-gravity field

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wave simulation generation, in particular to a hypergravity field gravity type wave making device which comprises a model box, a wave making unit, a wave absorbing unit and a measuring unit. The wave making unit and the wave absorbing unit are arranged on the two sides of the model box; the wave making unit comprises a power mechanism, a movement mechanism, a connecting part and a guide rail; the power mechanism, the rod piece, the movement mechanism and the guide rail form a combined transmission structure; after liquid is injected into the model box, the power mechanism is used for driving the movement mechanism to move back and forth based on the combined transmission structure, so that the liquid around the movement mechanism moves in the length direction of the model box, and a wave load is formed; the wave absorbing unit is used for absorbing waves of the wave load; the measuring unit is used for measuring physical quantity parameters of a preset wave load. The device has remarkable effects in multiple aspects, mechanical energy of the device can be more effectively converted into a water body, and wave simulation under high water depth and amplitude can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wave simulation generation, in particular to a hypergravity field gravity-type wave-making device. Background Art

[0002] The hypergravity wave simulation test facility uses the scaled-down effect to study the effects and damage mechanisms of waves on related structures, providing a simulation and verification platform for marine environmental research and the development and application of marine resources. It is primarily used to generate waves of varying water depths, wave heights, and frequencies, and is a key component of the wave simulation test facility. Wave simulation generators are categorized into push-plate and rock-plate types, depending on the motion of the plates that drive the liquid.

[0003] Push-plate wave simulators primarily use a reciprocating push plate to propel the water. This creates a significant load on the push plate, and the varying gravity of the liquid at different levels can easily create unbalanced torques during propulsion, exacerbating the load on the push plate. Therefore, push-plate wave simulators are not suitable for simulating waves at high water depths or amplitudes.

[0004] Rocking-plate wave simulators primarily propel the water using the swinging motion of a rocking plate. Current rocking-plate wave simulators employ a combination of a crank-connecting rod and a sliding mechanism to achieve motion decoupling and power transmission. This complex structure, with multiple connections and a long force transmission path, is more susceptible to structural seizure due to deformation in hypergravity.

[0005] The gravity wave generation in the supergravity field can make full use of the space in the model box, arrange the actuators and other equipment reasonably, effectively utilize the buoyancy of water, and reduce the load on the oil cylinder.

[0006] The information in the background technology is only intended to illustrate the general background of the invention and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes the prior art known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve at least some of the technical problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a hypergravity field gravity wave-generating device. Specifically, the present invention includes the following contents.

[0008] The present invention provides a hypergravity field gravity wave-making device, which comprises a model box, a wave-making unit, a wave-breaking unit and a measuring unit; the wave-making unit and the wave-breaking unit are arranged on both sides of the model box;

[0009] The wave-generating unit includes a power mechanism, a motion mechanism, connecting components, and a guide rail; the power mechanism, rod, motion mechanism, and guide rail form a combined transmission structure; after the model box is injected with liquid, the power mechanism is used to drive the motion mechanism to move back and forth based on the combined transmission structure, so that the liquid around the motion mechanism moves along the length direction of the model box, thereby generating a wave load;

[0010] The wave-absorbing unit is used to absorb the wave load; and the measuring unit is used to measure physical quantity parameters of preset wave loads.

[0011] Optionally, the motion mechanism is a hollow semi-cylinder, the length of the hollow semi-cylinder is consistent with the internal width of the model box, and the semi-cylindrical plane is in contact with the side of the model box.

[0012] Optionally, after the liquid is injected into the model box, the equilibrium position is adjusted to the position of the symmetry axis of the hollow semi-cylinder.

[0013] Optionally, when the hollow ratio η of the hollow semi-cylinder is as follows, the equilibrium position is located at the symmetry axis of the hollow semi-cylinder,

[0014]

[0015] Among them, ρ w is the liquid density, ρ s is the material density of the hollow semi-cylinder.

[0016] Optionally, the maximum thrust F of the power mechanism and the stroke of the semi-cylinder satisfy the following formula, and the motion mechanism is determined to be in a semi-cylindrical shape according to the following formula:

[0017]

[0018] Where F is the maximum thrust, Δh is the maximum displacement of the semi-cylinder, W is the width of the model box, R is the radius of the semi-cylinder, and ng is the centrifugal acceleration.

[0019] Optionally, the wave-breaking unit includes multiple layers of upright wave-breaking plates; the porosity of the multiple layers of upright wave-breaking plates increases in a direction facing the wave-making unit.

[0020] Optionally, the wave-breaking unit includes two layers of upright wave-breaking plates.

[0021] Optionally, porous volcanic rocks are arranged in the middle of the wave-breaking plate to reduce the energy of waves and reflected waves through the pores, thereby improving the wave-breaking effect.

[0022] Optionally, the measuring unit includes a camera component, a wave height meter and a pore pressure sensor.

[0023] Optionally, the physical quantity parameters of the wave load include wave frequency, wave height, wavelength and wave speed.

[0024] Optionally, the wave height meter and the pore pressure sensor are respectively used to detect wave up and down motion data at one or more points; the wave up and down motion data at one point is used to determine the wave height and wave frequency, and the wave up and down motion data at multiple points are used to determine the wave wavelength and wave speed;

[0025] The camera component is used to collect image data of wave loads, and the image data is used to determine wave frequency, wave height, wavelength and wave speed.

[0026] The present invention achieves remarkable results in many aspects, can more effectively convert its own mechanical energy into the water body, and can realize wave simulation at high water depth and amplitude. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a hypergravity field gravity wave-generating device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A detailed flow chart of the hypergravity field wave simulation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a centrifugal rotor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 A schematic diagram of parameter calibration provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a flow chart of a simulation test provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that the upper and lower limits of the ranges and each intermediate value therebetween are specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded within the scope.

[0034] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention belongs. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the documents. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] The embodiment of the present invention provides a supergravity field gravity wave generating device, such as Figure 1 As shown, the hypergravity field gravity wave-making device includes a model box, a wave-making unit, a wave-breaking unit and a measuring unit; the wave-making unit and the wave-breaking unit are arranged on both sides of the model box;

[0037] The wave-generating unit includes a power mechanism, a motion mechanism, connecting components, and a guide rail; the power mechanism, rod, motion mechanism, and guide rail form a combined transmission structure; after the model box is injected with liquid, the power mechanism is used to drive the motion mechanism to move back and forth based on the combined transmission structure, so that the liquid around the motion mechanism moves along the length direction of the model box, thereby generating a wave load;

[0038] The wave-absorbing unit is used to absorb the wave load; and the measuring unit is used to measure physical quantity parameters of preset wave loads.

[0039] Currently, push-plate wave simulation devices primarily use a reciprocating push plate to propel the water. This creates a heavy load on the push plate, and the varying gravity of the liquid at different levels can easily create an unbalanced torque during propulsion, exacerbating the load on the push plate. Therefore, push-plate wave simulation structures are unsuitable for simulating waves at high water depths and amplitudes.

[0040] Rocking-plate wave simulators primarily propel the water using the swinging motion of a rocking plate. Current rocking-plate wave simulators employ a combination of a crank-connecting rod and a sliding mechanism to achieve motion decoupling and power transmission. This complex structure, with multiple connections and a long force transmission path, is more susceptible to structural seizure due to deformation in hypergravity.

[0041] The embodiment of the present invention is composed of a combined transmission structure through a power mechanism, a rod, a motion mechanism and a guide rail; after the liquid is injected into the model box, the power mechanism is used to drive the motion mechanism to move back and forth based on the combined transmission structure, so that the liquid around the motion mechanism moves along the length direction of the model box, thereby forming a wave load; the wave load is eliminated by the wave elimination unit; the physical quantity parameters of the preset wave load are measured by the measurement unit, which can not only more effectively convert the mechanical energy itself into the water body, but also realize wave simulation under high water depth and amplitude, and there is no structural jamming phenomenon. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention can better achieve the wave elimination effect, and can also provide the measurement of the physical quantity parameters of the wave load for the supergravity field wave simulation.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present invention, the hypergravity field gravity wave-generating device can be installed on a centrifugal rotor to construct a hypergravity field through the centrifugal rotor.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below through device development and wave simulation.

[0044] 1. Device development process

[0045] 1. Basic unit selection

[0046] (1) Device structure:

[0047] In some embodiments, the provided hypergravity field gravity wave generating device is referred to as a device, such as Figure 3 As shown, it includes a model box, a wave-making unit, a wave-breaking unit, and a measuring unit.

[0048] The wave-making unit includes a power mechanism, a motion mechanism, connecting parts, and a guide rail; the power mechanism is used to provide power for wave generation, and includes a hydraulic cylinder and a servo valve. The motion mechanism is used to directly act on the liquid (water) in the model box and generate waves. The hydraulic cylinder and the motion mechanism of the power mechanism are connected together by connecting parts, and the motion mechanism is set on a directional guide rail. The connecting part can be a rod. The power mechanism, the rod, the motion mechanism and the guide rail constitute a combined transmission structure. The combined transmission structure is installed on one side of the model box. The motion mechanism is a hollow semi-cylindrical structure. The length of the semi-cylinder is consistent with the width of the model box. The semi-cylinder plane is in contact with the side of the model box and is directional moved by the guide rail. After the liquid is injected into the model box, the equilibrium position is adjusted to the position of the symmetry axis of the semi-cylindrical motion mechanism.

[0049] The hydraulic device of the power mechanism drives the hollow semi-cylinder to move up and down periodically. The length of the semi-cylinder is consistent with the width of the model box, and the plane of the semi-cylinder fits the side of the model box. It moves up and down in a directional manner through the guide rail, so that the liquid around the semi-cylinder moves along the length direction of the model box, thereby forming a regular wave load.

[0050] The wave-chopping unit consists of a support and multiple layers of vertical wave-chopping plates. To achieve optimal wave-chopping effectiveness, the vertical wave-chopping plates are porous and have varying porosities, with the porosity increasing towards the wave-generating unit. The wave-chopping unit is mounted on the other side of the model box via a support made of angle steel bolted to the front and rear of the model box. The multiple layers of vertical wave-chopping plates are secured to the support. The wave-chopping plates are vertical porous plates used for passive wave-chopping. Two layers are optional: one with larger porosity and the other with smaller porosity. The larger-pore vertical wave-chopping plates serve as the first layer, while the smaller-pore vertical wave-chopping plates serve as the second layer. Porous volcanic rock can be placed in the center of the wave-chopping plates to reduce wave and reflected wave energy through the pores, enhancing the wave-chopping effectiveness.

[0051] The measuring unit is used to measure the physical quantity parameters of the preset wave load. The physical quantity parameters of the wave load include at least wave frequency, wave height, wavelength and wave velocity. The measuring unit includes a camera component, a wave height meter and a pore pressure sensor; the camera component includes a camera component for a top-view setting and a camera component for a side-view (or main-view) setting. The camera component for the side-view setting is a high-speed camera, which is used to obtain wave motion data in the model box based on the main-view perspective; the high-speed camera is placed on a bracket, facing the middle of the model box, and the lens is close to the glass observation window of the model box.

[0052] The overhead camera component obtains wave motion data in the model box based on the overhead perspective and observes the wave motion in the model box; it is placed on the top of the model box and fixed to the rear wall by a bracket and bolts.

[0053] Ultrasonic and contact level gauges are used to accurately measure and visually display the water level inside the model tank. The wave height gauge is fixed to a crossbeam that runs the length of the model tank, with one end bolted to the tank wall.

[0054] The pore pressure sensor is used to measure the liquid pressure inside the model box and is set at the bottom of the model box.

[0055] The wave height meter and pore pressure sensor are used to detect wave motion data at one or more points, respectively. Wave motion data at a single point is used to determine wave height and frequency, while data from multiple points is used to determine wavelength and velocity. The camera component captures image data of wave loads, which are used to determine wave frequency, height, wavelength, and velocity. The data generated by the wave height meter, pore pressure sensor, and camera are calibrated to ensure accurate parameter determination. Physical parameters of wave loads can also include the device's motion frequency and velocity, which can be derived from the motion mechanism's displacement and maximum thrust curves.

[0056] The embodiment of the present invention realizes the connection between the wave-making unit, the clipping unit, the measuring unit and the model box through reasonable arrangement and structural design. Figure 4 As shown, the device is installed on a centrifuge rotor to achieve a supergravity field.

[0057] (2) Device selection

[0058] Because the semi-cylinder is subject to a large buoyancy in the water, which can offset most of its own weight, the hydraulic device makes the semi-cylinder move up and down in the equilibrium position, thereby generating periodic wave loads. When the hollow ratio of the semi-cylinder (the hollow ratio is defined as the ratio of the void to the total volume) is as follows, the equilibrium position is exactly at the symmetry axis of the semi-cylinder,

[0059]

[0060] Among them, ρ w is the liquid density, ρ s is the material density of the semi-cylinder. At this time, the maximum thrust F and the semi-cylinder stroke meet

[0061]

[0062] The device can be placed on a centrifugal rotor to conduct wave generation experiments.

[0063] The formula shows that the maximum thrust is related to the volume of the motion mechanism. For wedge-shaped and semi-cylindrical motion mechanisms with the same cross-sectional width and height, the semi-cylindrical motion mechanism can generate greater thrust and generate larger waves at the same stroke. The curved surface design reduces water flow separation and has higher energy transfer efficiency. The waves generated by the semi-cylindrical mechanism are smoother, have fewer secondary reflections, have stronger nonlinear characteristics, and are closer to natural waves. It is more suitable for centrifugal tests and can generate multi-directional waves.

[0064] Within the effective control range, different wave loads can be generated by adjusting the thrust, frequency, and centrifugal acceleration. In the hypergravity field, since the Mach number and Froude number both satisfy similar relationships, the resulting wave load attenuation law and the interaction between underwater explosion loads and wave loads under wave conditions will be similar to those of the prototype.

[0065] 2. Model assembly

[0066] Based on the basic units determined above, the model is assembled.

[0067] 3. Wave-making test

[0068] Based on the wave-making test data, the basic unit selection is revised.

[0069] 2. Hypergravity field wave test

[0070] 1. Confirmation of relevant physical quantities

[0071] Usually the wave height H and frequency f w , wavelength λ, wave speed v and other physical quantities are related to the following variables:

[0072] Wave-making parameters: device amplitude S, device motion frequency f0, semi-cylinder radius R, device density ρ s ;

[0073] Environmental parameters: liquid depth h, liquid density ρ w ;

[0074] Supergravity parameters: gravitational acceleration ng,

[0075] The expression of wave height H is:

[0076] H=f(S,f0,r,h,ρ w ,ρ s ,ng)

[0077] Among them, wave height, wave height and wave height are all expressed as the height of the waves.

[0078] 2. Dimensional analysis to determine the similarity relationship between hypergravity field wave generation

[0079] According to dimensional analysis, choose the liquid density ρ w , gravitational acceleration ng, and water depth h are repeated variables, and the dimensionless π term is constructed:

[0080] Device amplitude to liquid depth ratio:

[0081]

[0082] Frequency dimensionless quantity:

[0083]

[0084] Ratio of semi-cylinder radius to liquid depth:

[0085]

[0086] Ratio of device density to water density:

[0087]

[0088] Establish a dimensionless expression for wave height in the wave supergravity field

[0089]

[0090] Based on this formula, the proportional factors of various physical quantities in supergravity field wave simulation can be obtained.

[0091] Table 1 Hypergravity field scaling factors

[0092]

[0093]

[0094] For a specific liquid and a specific motion mechanism, π3 and π4 remain constant. The amplitude of the device is much smaller than the water depth, so π1 changes little and has little effect on the wave height. Therefore, the generated wave height is mainly related to π2. The above formula is simplified to

[0095]

[0096] 3. Similarity verification, i.e. verification of the similarity of supergravity field waves

[0097] To ensure the reliability of the test, the similarity of wave generation can be verified using the following methods. For the prototype, tests are conducted at different scales, adjusting the water depth, device size, and motion frequency based on the device similarity relationship. This verifies the similarity of wave heights at the prototype scale. Simultaneously, ground-based tests can be conducted to verify the impact of the hypergravity field on wave simulation.

[0098] (1) Transfer function calibration

[0099] First, a similarity verification study is conducted on the wave height, that is, a series of tests are carried out under the same conditions to determine whether the tests can return the same results. If the results are consistent, it will directly prove the establishment of the similarity relationship in the above table; for example, based on the supergravity field gravity wave-making device, a series of wave-making verification tests are carried out under the same conditions; based on the wave-making verification tests, the proportional factors and corresponding values ​​of each physical quantity of the wave-making verification test are obtained; based on the proportional factors and corresponding values ​​of each physical quantity of the wave-making verification test and the proportional factors and corresponding values ​​of each physical quantity of the supergravity field wave simulation, the similarity relationship of the supergravity field wave-making is verified by similarity. If the results are consistent, it will directly prove the establishment of the similarity relationship in the above table.

[0100] (2) Determine formula parameters and confirm transfer function

[0101] After verifying the correlation between wave height parameters and , the test was carried out under different conditions, such as Figure 5 As shown, a functional relationship between wave height and is obtained, and the parameters therein are calibrated. For example, if the similarity is verified to be consistent, wave-making calibration tests are conducted at different scales using the hypergravity field gravity wave-making device. Based on the hypergravity field wave-making similarity relationship and the data obtained from the wave-making calibration test, the parameters of the hypergravity field wave-making similarity relationship are calibrated.

[0102] 4. Hypergravity field wave-generating test

[0103] This involves designing a test plan, modeling a hypergravity field gravity wave generator, installing equipment such as a centrifuge, and then conducting ground tests. Equipment is then inspected and parameters adjusted based on the tests. If the results meet expectations, core calculations, cable connections, oil line connections, counterweight adjustment, hypergravity testing, and test completion are performed. A test model can be constructed based on the test plan, and the device can be protected and waterproofed. The effects of different motion amplitudes, frequencies, and gravitational accelerations on wave generation can be studied. Based on similarity theory, expressions for wave elements are established. For some resonant frequencies that cannot form a stable waveform, the gravitational acceleration can be adjusted and the simulation frequency can be changed. For stable waveforms, classification and identification can be performed, and transfer functions can be constructed. On the basis of stable wave generation, explosion tests can be added to simulate the effects of waves on the explosive load sequence in an ocean wave environment.

[0104] The supergravity field gravity wave-making device of the embodiment of the present invention achieves remarkable effects in many aspects. In terms of wave generation, through the design and selection of the motion mechanism, the use of a semi-cylindrical motion mechanism can more effectively convert its own mechanical energy into the water body. Since the contact surface between the motion mechanism and the water is arc-shaped, more waves are generated.

[0105] Although the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. Various modifications and variations may be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. The scope of the claims is to be given the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structures and functions.

Claims

1. A hypergravity field gravity wave-making device, characterized in that: The hypergravity field gravity wave-generating device comprises a model box, a wave-generating unit, a wave-breaking unit and a measuring unit; the wave-generating unit and the wave-breaking unit are arranged on both sides of the model box; The wave-generating unit includes a power mechanism, a motion mechanism, connecting components, and a guide rail; the power mechanism, rod, motion mechanism, and guide rail form a combined transmission structure; after the model box is injected with liquid, the power mechanism is used to drive the motion mechanism to move back and forth based on the combined transmission structure, so that the liquid around the motion mechanism moves along the length direction of the model box, thereby generating a wave load; The wave-absorbing unit is used to absorb the wave load; and the measuring unit is used to measure physical quantity parameters of preset wave loads.

2. The hypergravity field gravity wave generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motion mechanism is a hollow semi-cylinder, the length of which is consistent with the inner width of the model box, and the semi-cylindrical plane is in contact with the side surface of the model box.

3. The hypergravity field gravity wave generating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: After the model box is injected with liquid, the equilibrium position is adjusted to the position of the symmetry axis of the hollow semi-cylinder.

4. The hypergravity field gravity wave generating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the hollow ratio η of the hollow semi-cylinder is as follows, the equilibrium position is located at the symmetry axis of the hollow semi-cylinder, Among them, ρ w is the liquid density, ρ s is the material density of the hollow semi-cylinder.

5. The hypergravity field gravity wave generating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The maximum thrust F of the power mechanism and the stroke of the semi-cylinder satisfy the following formula, and the motion mechanism is determined to be a semi-cylinder according to the following formula: Where F is the maximum thrust, Δh is the maximum displacement of the semi-cylinder, W is the width of the model box, R is the radius of the semi-cylinder, and ng is the centrifugal acceleration.

6. The hypergravity field gravity wave generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave-breaking unit comprises a plurality of vertical wave-breaking plates; in a direction facing the wave-making unit, the porosity of the plurality of vertical wave-breaking plates increases gradually.

7. The hypergravity field gravity wave generating device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wave-breaking unit includes two layers of upright wave-breaking boards; porous volcanic rocks are arranged in the middle of the wave-breaking boards to reduce the energy of waves and reflected waves through the pores, thereby improving the wave-breaking effect.

8. The hypergravity field gravity wave generating device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The measuring unit includes a camera component, a wave height meter and a pore pressure sensor.

9. The hypergravity field gravity wave generating device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The physical quantity parameters of the wave load include wave frequency, wave height, wavelength and wave speed.

10. The hypergravity field gravity wave generating device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The wave height meter and the pore pressure sensor are respectively used to detect the up and down movement data of waves at one or more points; The up and down motion data of waves at one point is used to determine the wave height and wave frequency, and the up and down motion data of waves at multiple points is used to determine the wavelength and wave speed; The camera component is used to collect image data of wave loads, and the image data is used to determine wave frequency, wave height, wavelength and wave speed.

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