Port ecological risk assessment method and system based on biotoxicity and heavy metal fusion

Abstract

The invention provides a biotoxicity and heavy metal fused port ecological risk assessment method and system, and belongs to the technical field of environmental risk assessment. The heavy metal pollution degree, the heavy metal content assessment degree and the heavy metal biotoxicity of the to-be-analyzed sample are calculated, the importance degree of the heavy metal ecological risk assessment indexes is considered, the corresponding weight is calculated, and then port ecological risk assessment is performed, so that the portability and the expandability of the heavy metal ecological risk assessment method can be improved; a general heavy metal ecological risk assessment method can be formed; during weight calculation, complex matrix operation is not needed, and simplicity, convenience and rapidness are achieved; the weight of each index is determined through adjacent importance ratio values, so that the complexity of subjective judgment is reduced; in addition, the method for calculating the weight is also suitable for a scene which has a large number of indexes and needs rapid weighting, and the application range of the method is further widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of environmental risk assessment, and in particular relates to a port ecological risk assessment method and system integrating biological toxicity and heavy metals. Background Art

[0002] Heavy metals are difficult-to-degrade, highly biotoxic, and exogenous pollutants that have become a global environmental hazard. In port environments, heavy metals are easily adsorbed on suspended particulate matter and accumulate in sediments through processes such as precipitation. Heavy metals in sediments can be released back into port waters, causing secondary pollution.

[0003] In the existing technology, for the ecological risk assessment of heavy metals, some adopt machine learning (patent application number CN202510115705), through the metal data set and the corresponding pollution load index, potential ecological risk index and other multi-index data sets, combined with machine learning modeling, to construct a soil heavy metal multi-classification ecological risk assessment model to conduct heavy metal pollution ecological risk assessment of the target soil; some (patent application number CN202210683768) first determine the heavy metal concentration in the sample leachate, and then calculate the coefficient of variation of each heavy metal, according to the The metal content and its coefficient of variation are used to analyze the degree of heavy metal pollution and the source of pollution in the sample, and the potential environmental risk index method is used to evaluate the ecological risk of heavy metals. The ecological risk is comprehensively evaluated in combination with the coefficient of variation results; others (patent publication number US10768161B2) sample sediments and determine and detect the types of heavy metals, then measure the concentration of heavy metals in the sediments, collect heavy metal release coefficients, collect heavy metal toxicity data, and finally fit the data, determine the heavy metal value based on the fitting equation, and calculate the heavy metal toxicity response coefficient and the ecological risk index of heavy metals.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned heavy metal ecological risk assessment technology needs to rely on model construction or specific indicator calculation or data fitting, and the assessment steps are cumbersome; and the differences in the importance of various indicators or indexes are not taken into account, resulting in the above-mentioned heavy metal ecological risk assessment technology being not portable and scalable, making it difficult to form a more general heavy metal ecological risk assessment method, which is not conducive to promotion. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a port ecological risk assessment method and system that integrates biological toxicity and heavy metals, so as to solve the problems that the existing heavy metal ecological risk assessment methods are cumbersome, poor in portability and scalability, and not conducive to promotion.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a port ecological risk assessment method integrating biotoxicity and heavy metals, comprising the following steps: step S1: sampling port sediments to obtain samples to be analyzed; step S2: calculating the heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree and heavy metal biotoxicity of the samples to be analyzed; step S3: obtaining the importance ranking results of the three parameters of heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree and heavy metal biotoxicity, and based on the importance ranking results, calculating the weights of heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree and heavy metal biotoxicity; step S4: performing port ecological risk assessment based on the heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree and heavy metal biotoxicity obtained in step S2, and the weights of heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree and heavy metal biotoxicity obtained in step S3.

[0007] Furthermore, the calculation of the heavy metal contamination degree of the sample to be analyzed in step S2 includes: ; Where HMP represents the heavy metal pollution degree of the sample to be analyzed, i represents the serial number of the heavy metal species in the sample to be analyzed, n represents the total number of heavy metal species in the sample to be analyzed, and w i represents the bulk density of the i-th heavy metal in the sample to be analyzed, k i represents the pollution index of the i-th heavy metal, MC i represents the sample concentration of the i-th heavy metal in the sample to be analyzed, RC i represents the sample standard concentration of the i-th heavy metal, PL i Indicates the upper limit of the concentration of the i-th heavy metal.

[0008] Furthermore, the step S2 of calculating the heavy metal content assessment of the sample to be analyzed includes: ; Where HME represents the heavy metal content assessment of the sample to be analyzed, i represents the sequence number of the heavy metal species in the sample to be analyzed, n represents the total number of heavy metal species in the sample to be analyzed, and MC i represents the sample concentration of the i-th heavy metal in the sample to be analyzed, PL i The upper limit of the concentration of each heavy metal can be set according to national standards.

[0009] Furthermore, the calculation of the heavy metal biotoxicity of the sample to be analyzed in step S2 includes: ; BOW represents the average weight per capita in the port area, MC irepresents the sample concentration of the i-th heavy metal in the sample to be analyzed, n represents the total number of heavy metal types in the sample to be analyzed, γ i It represents the transmission rate of the i-th heavy metal in the sample to be analyzed.

[0010] Furthermore, the step S3 calculates the weights of the heavy metal pollution degree, the heavy metal content assessment degree and the heavy metal biological toxicity, including: step S31: obtaining the heavy metal pollution degree HMP, the heavy metal content assessment degree HME and the heavy metal biological toxicity HMPH, sorting the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH in descending order of importance, and giving the importance ratio value between two adjacent parameters according to the sorting relationship to construct an importance ratio value vector; step S32: setting initial weights, and calculating the derived weight variables of the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH according to the initial weights; step S33: calculating the final weights θ1, θ2 and θ3 of the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH based on the importance ratio values ​​in step S31 and the derived weight variables in step S32.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S31, the importance ratio between the maximum value and the middle value of the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH is calculated, which is recorded as R1; the importance ratio between the middle value and the minimum value of the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH is calculated, which is recorded as R2.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S32, the initial weight is set to 1, and the derived weight variables of the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH are calculated based on the initial weight, wherein the derived weight variable of HMP is 1, the derived weight variable of HME is 1 / R1, and the derived weight variable of HMPH is 1 / (R2+1).

[0013] Furthermore, in step S33, the final weights θ1, θ2 and θ3 of the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH are calculated, specifically: θ1=1 / [1+1 / R1+1 / (R2+1)], θ2=θ1 / (R1), θ3=θ2 / (R2).

[0014] Furthermore, in step S4, a port ecological risk assessment is performed, specifically, HMP is multiplied by θ1 to obtain a first risk assessment index, HME is multiplied by θ2 to obtain a second risk assessment index, and HMPH is multiplied by θ3 to obtain a third risk assessment index. Then, the first risk assessment index, the second risk assessment index and the third risk assessment index are added together as the port ecological risk assessment index to perform a port ecological risk assessment.

[0015] The present invention also proposes a port ecological risk assessment system that integrates biotoxicity and heavy metals, which is used to execute the above-mentioned port ecological risk assessment method that integrates biotoxicity and heavy metals. The port ecological risk assessment system that integrates biotoxicity and heavy metals includes a sample sampling unit and a port ecological risk assessment unit. The sample sampling unit and the port ecological risk assessment unit are connected. The sample sampling unit is used to sample port channel sediments, and the port ecological risk assessment unit is used to perform port ecological risk assessment.

[0016] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are: (1) Based on the importance of heavy metal ecological risk assessment indicators, the corresponding weights are calculated to improve the portability and scalability of heavy metal ecological risk assessment methods, which is conducive to the formation of a more universal heavy metal ecological risk assessment method; (2) The weight calculation method does not require complex matrix operations, which is simple and fast. The weight of each indicator is determined by the adjacent importance ratio values, which reduces the complexity of subjective judgment caused by direct weight assignment. In addition, the weight calculation method is also applicable to scenarios with a large number of indicators and the need for rapid weight assignment, further improving the application scope of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other implementation drawings based on the provided drawings without inventive effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the port ecological risk assessment method integrating biotoxicity and heavy metals of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flow chart for calculating heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree and heavy metal biological toxicity weight in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The following first describes the concepts involved in this application with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following description of each concept is intended only to make the content of this application easier to understand and does not limit the scope of protection of this application. At the same time, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other unless there is a conflict. The following detailed description of this application will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0021] In conjunction with the instructions Figure 1 The port ecological risk assessment method integrating biotoxicity and heavy metals of the present invention comprises the following steps: Step S1: sampling port sediments (which may be intertidal zone sediments, harbor channel sediments, or estuary sediments) to obtain samples to be analyzed; Step S2: calculating the heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree, and heavy metal biotoxicity of the samples to be analyzed; The heavy metal contamination levels of the samples to be analyzed include: ; Where HMP represents the heavy metal pollution degree of the sample to be analyzed, i represents the serial number of the heavy metal species in the sample to be analyzed, n represents the total number of heavy metal species in the sample to be analyzed, and w i represents the bulk density of the i-th heavy metal in the sample to be analyzed (that is, the content of heavy metals in a unit sample), k i represents the pollution index of the i-th heavy metal, MC i represents the sample concentration of the i-th heavy metal in the sample to be analyzed, RC i represents the sample standard concentration of the i-th heavy metal, PL i represents the upper limit of the concentration of the i-th heavy metal. Research on heavy metal pollution in ports typically includes seven heavy metals: Zn (an essential trace element for the human body, but excessive intake can still be harmful), Cr (chromium), Cu (copper), Pb (lead), As (arsenic), Cd (cadmium), and Hg (mercury). Other heavy metals may also be included.

[0022] The heavy metal content assessment of the sample to be analyzed includes: ; Where HME represents the heavy metal content assessment of the sample to be analyzed, i represents the sequence number of the heavy metal species in the sample to be analyzed, n represents the total number of heavy metal species in the sample to be analyzed, and MC i represents the sample concentration of the i-th heavy metal in the sample to be analyzed, PL i Indicates the upper limit of the concentration of the i-th heavy metal.

[0023] Heavy metal biotoxicity of the sample to be analyzed, including: ; Among them, 78.2 represents the average life expectancy of human beings, BOW represents the average weight per capita in the port area (the average weight per capita can be calculated by counting the ratio of adults to children within a specific range of the port, or the national average weight can be used as the average weight per capita in the port area), MC i represents the sample concentration of the i-th heavy metal in the sample to be analyzed, n represents the total number of heavy metal types in the sample to be analyzed, γ i Represents the transmission rate of the i-th heavy metal in the sample to be analyzed. It should be explained here that the present invention conducted research on a specific port (in multiple samples collected from a port in Bohai Bay between 2007 and 2023, the average contents of seven heavy metals were: Zn (81.11 mg / kg) > Cr (54.34 mg / kg) > Cu (23.83 mg / kg) > Pb (12.28 mg / kg) > As (9.13 mg / kg) > Cd (0.15 mg / kg) > Hg (0.073 mg / kg)). The present invention uses the transmission rate to represent the degree of harm to the human body and the degree of human absorption of heavy metals, thereby further reflecting the biological toxicity of heavy metals. For example, if the degree of harm of heavy metals to the human body is ranked as As (arsenic) > Cd (cadmium) > Hg (mercury) > Pb (lead) > Cr (chromium) > Cu (copper) > Zn (zinc), then the propagation rate of As (arsenic) can be set to be > the propagation rate of Cd (cadmium) > the propagation rate of Hg (mercury) > the propagation rate of Pb (lead) > the propagation rate of Cr (chromium) > the propagation rate of Cu (copper) > the propagation rate of Zn (zinc).

[0024] Step S3: Obtain the importance ranking results of the three parameters: heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree and heavy metal biological toxicity, and calculate the weights of heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree and heavy metal biological toxicity based on the importance ranking results; refer to the Appendix of the Instructions for details. Figure 2 , including: step S31: obtaining the heavy metal pollution degree HMP, the heavy metal content evaluation degree HME and the heavy metal biological toxicity HMPH, sorting the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH in descending order of importance, and giving the importance ratio value between two adjacent parameters according to the sorting relationship to construct an importance ratio value vector; step S32: setting initial weights, and calculating the derived weight variables of the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH according to the initial weights; step S33: calculating the final weights θ1, θ2 and θ3 of the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH based on the importance ratio values ​​in step S31 and the derived weight variables in step S32.

[0025] In step S31, the importance ratio between the maximum and intermediate values ​​of the three parameters HMP, HME, and HMPH is calculated, which is recorded as R1; the importance ratio between the intermediate and minimum values ​​of the three parameters HMP, HME, and HMPH is calculated, which is recorded as R2. For example, if the importance ranking result of heavy metal pollution degree HMP, heavy metal content assessment degree HME, and heavy metal biotoxicity HMPH is heavy metal biotoxicity HMPH>heavy metal pollution degree HMP>heavy metal content assessment degree HME, and the importance ratio of heavy metal biotoxicity HMPH to heavy metal pollution degree HMP is 1.5, then R1=1.5; if the importance ratio of heavy metal pollution degree HMP to heavy metal content assessment degree HME is 2, then R2=2; the above-mentioned importance ranking and mutual proportional relationship of heavy metal pollution degree HMP, heavy metal content assessment degree HME, and heavy metal biotoxicity HMPH can be given by professionals or obtained through prior experience.

[0026] In step S32, the initial weight is set to 1, and the derived weight variables of the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH are calculated based on the initial weight, wherein the derived weight variable of HMP is 1, the derived weight variable of HME is 1 / R1 (when R1=1.5, the derived weight variable of HME is 0.667), and the derived weight variable of HMPH is 1 / (R2+1) (when R2=2, the derived weight variable of HMPH is 0.333).

[0027] In step S33, the final weights θ1, θ2, and θ3 of the three parameters HMP, HME, and HMPH are calculated as follows: θ1 = 1 / [1 + 1 / R1 + 1 / (R2 + 1)], θ2 = θ1 / (R1), and θ3 = θ2 / (R2). When R1 = 1.5 and R2 = 2, θ1 = 0.5, θ2 = 0.333, and θ3 = 0.167.

[0028] Step S4: Based on the heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree, and heavy metal biotoxicity obtained in step S2, and the weights of the heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree, and heavy metal biotoxicity obtained in step S3, a port ecological risk assessment is performed. Specifically, HMP is multiplied by θ1 to obtain a first risk assessment index, HME is multiplied by θ2 to obtain a second risk assessment index, and HMPH is multiplied by θ3 to obtain a third risk assessment index. The first, second, and third risk assessment indices are then added together to form the port ecological risk assessment index. Based on the relationship between the port ecological risk assessment index and the index threshold, a port ecological risk assessment is performed. When the port ecological risk assessment index is greater than or equal to the index threshold, the port ecological risk is considered to be in a high-risk state. When the port ecological risk assessment index is less than the index threshold, the port ecological risk is considered to be in a low-risk state. The above-mentioned index thresholds can also be flexibly set by professionals.

[0029] The present invention also proposes a port ecological risk assessment system that integrates biotoxicity and heavy metals, which is used to execute the above-mentioned port ecological risk assessment method that integrates biotoxicity and heavy metals. The port ecological risk assessment system that integrates biotoxicity and heavy metals includes a sample sampling unit and a port ecological risk assessment unit. The sample sampling unit and the port ecological risk assessment unit are connected. The sample sampling unit is used to sample port channel sediments. The port ecological risk assessment unit is used to perform port ecological risk assessment and output the port ecological risk assessment results.

[0030] The embodiments and / or implementation methods described above are only used to illustrate the preferred embodiments and / or implementation methods for realizing the technology of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the implementation methods of the technology of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make slight changes or modifications to other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the present invention, but they should still be regarded as technologies or embodiments that are essentially the same as the present invention.

[0031] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. The above is only the preferred implementation method of this application. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression, there are objectively infinite specific structures. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of this application, they can also make several improvements, modifications or changes, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A port ecological risk assessment method integrating biotoxicity and heavy metals, characterized by: The steps include: Step S1: sampling port sediment to obtain samples to be analyzed; Step S2: Calculating the heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree, and heavy metal biological toxicity of the sample to be analyzed; Step S3: Obtaining the importance ranking results of the three parameters of heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree and heavy metal biological toxicity, and calculating the weights of the heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree and heavy metal biological toxicity based on the importance ranking results; Step S4: Based on the heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree and heavy metal biological toxicity obtained in step S2, and the weights of the heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree and heavy metal biological toxicity obtained in step S3, a port ecological risk assessment is performed.

2. The port ecological risk assessment method integrating biotoxicity and heavy metals according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Calculating the heavy metal contamination level of the sample to be analyzed in step S2 includes: ； Where HMP represents the heavy metal pollution degree of the sample to be analyzed, i represents the serial number of the heavy metal species in the sample to be analyzed, n represents the total number of heavy metal species in the sample to be analyzed, and w i represents the bulk density of the i-th heavy metal in the sample to be analyzed, k i represents the pollution index of the i-th heavy metal, MC i represents the sample concentration of the i-th heavy metal in the sample to be analyzed, RC i represents the sample standard concentration of the i-th heavy metal, PL i Indicates the upper limit of the concentration of the i-th heavy metal.

3. The port ecological risk assessment method integrating biotoxicity and heavy metals according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Calculating the heavy metal content assessment of the sample to be analyzed in step S2 includes: ； Where HME represents the heavy metal content assessment of the sample to be analyzed, i represents the serial number of the heavy metal species in the sample to be analyzed, n represents the total number of heavy metal species in the sample to be analyzed, and MC i represents the sample concentration of the i-th heavy metal in the sample to be analyzed, PL i Indicates the upper limit of the concentration of the i-th heavy metal.

4. The port ecological risk assessment method integrating biotoxicity and heavy metals according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S2 of calculating the heavy metal biotoxicity of the sample to be analyzed includes: ； Where HMPH represents the biological toxicity of heavy metals, i represents the number of heavy metal species in the sample to be analyzed, BOW represents the average weight per capita in the port area, MC i represents the sample concentration of the i-th heavy metal in the sample to be analyzed, n represents the total number of heavy metal types in the sample to be analyzed, γ i It represents the transmission rate of the i-th heavy metal in the sample to be analyzed.

5. The port ecological risk assessment method integrating biotoxicity and heavy metals according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation of the heavy metal pollution degree, heavy metal content assessment degree and heavy metal biological toxicity weight in step S3 includes: Step S31: Obtain the heavy metal pollution degree HMP, the heavy metal content evaluation degree HME, and the heavy metal biological toxicity HMPH, sort the three parameters HMP, HME, and HMPH in descending order of importance, and give the importance ratio value between two adjacent parameters according to the sorting relationship to construct an importance ratio value vector; Step S32: setting initial weights, and calculating derived weight variables of the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH based on the initial weights; Step S33: Based on the importance ratio values ​​in step S31 and the derived weight variables in step S32, the final weights θ1, θ2 and θ3 of the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH are calculated.

6. The port ecological risk assessment method integrating biotoxicity and heavy metals according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step S31, the importance ratio between the maximum value and the middle value of the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH is calculated, which is recorded as R1; the importance ratio between the middle value and the minimum value of the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH is calculated, which is recorded as R2.

7. The port ecological risk assessment method integrating biotoxicity and heavy metals according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step S32, the initial weight is set to 1, and the derived weight variables of the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH are calculated based on the initial weight, wherein the derived weight variable of HMP is 1, the derived weight variable of HME is 1 / R1, and the derived weight variable of HMPH is 1 / (R2+1).

8. The port ecological risk assessment method integrating biotoxicity and heavy metals according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In step S33, the final weights θ1, θ2 and θ3 of the three parameters HMP, HME and HMPH are calculated, specifically: θ1=1 / [1+1 / R1+1 / (R2+1)], θ2=θ1 / (R1), θ3=θ2 / (R2).

9. The port ecological risk assessment method integrating biotoxicity and heavy metals according to claim 8 is characterized in that: In step S4, a port ecological risk assessment is performed, specifically, HMP is multiplied by θ1 to obtain a first risk assessment index, HME is multiplied by θ2 to obtain a second risk assessment index, HMPH is multiplied by θ3 to obtain a third risk assessment index, and then the first risk assessment index, the second risk assessment index and the third risk assessment index are added together as the port ecological risk assessment index to perform the port ecological risk assessment.

10. A port ecological risk assessment system integrating biotoxicity and heavy metals, for executing the port ecological risk assessment method integrating biotoxicity and heavy metals as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes a sample sampling unit and a port ecological risk assessment unit, which are connected to each other. The sample sampling unit is used to sample port channel sediments, and the port ecological risk assessment unit is used to perform port ecological risk assessment.

Images