Flushing system and method for factory-like sand laying culture of penaeus japonicus

Abstract

The invention discloses a flushing system and a flushing method for factory sand laying culture of penaeus japonicus, the flushing system comprises a culture pond, a sewage draining exit is arranged at the bottom of the center of the culture pond, a fixed sewage draining pipe is arranged above the sewage draining exit, the flushing system is characterized by further comprising a boat-shaped buoy module for providing driving force and a sand flushing module for flushing bottom sand, a traction device is arranged above the fixed blow-off pipe and connected with a ship-shaped buoy module through a first traction rope, the ship-shaped buoy module is connected with a sand flushing module at the bottom of the culture pond, and a sealing sleeve is arranged on the outer side of a bottom opening section of the fixed blow-off pipe. When bottom sand is flushed, residual feed and excrement adsorbed by the dirt suction cover are discharged out of the culture pond through the dirt suction pipe, the side branch pipe, the opening and the dirt outlet in sequence; when the sealing sleeve moves upwards, the open hole is exposed, dead shrimps and shrimp shells gathered in the retaining wall are discharged out of the culture pond through the open hole and the drain outlet in sequence, and the device has the advantages that automatic, periodic and uniform flushing of bottom sand and pollution discharge and movable oxygenation of the whole pond in the culture process are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular relates to a Japanese shrimp factory-scale sand-topped aquaculture flushing system and method. Background Art

[0002] Japanese shrimp, also known as car shrimp, flower shrimp, bamboo shrimp, and tiger shrimp, are widely distributed in the Indian and Pacific regions, and are found along the coast south of Jiangsu Province in my country. Japanese shrimp are characterized by rapid growth, strong disease resistance, and the ability to survive extended periods out of water, making them suitable for long-distance dry transport and live marketing. Japanese shrimp burrow into sand, so current aquaculture facilities primarily rely on sand-bedded aquaculture. However, due to the sedimentation of suspended matter such as leftover bait, shrimp feces, and dead algae, the bottom sand layer quickly accumulates contaminants. The sand often turns black and smelly in the middle and late stages of aquaculture, degrading the Japanese shrimp's habitat and making them susceptible to disease and mortality. Therefore, Japanese shrimp aquaculture requires addressing the issue of bottom sand cleaning to maintain a healthy aquaculture water environment.

[0003] At present, there are also many inventions related to Japanese shrimp farming facilities that can perform sand bed cleaning, such as a Japanese shrimp backwash two-layer bottom automatic sewage collection and drainage farming method and farming device (publication number CN101926294A and CN1440647A), in which a sand layer, a sand retaining net, a porous plate and a water injection and drainage valve are arranged on the bottom of the pond in sequence, and multiple gas riser pipes are provided to achieve positive sand washing and water backwashing; a Japanese shrimp factory farming sand bed fluidized cleaning system (publication number CN117751885A) and a Japanese shrimp double cleaning self-purification farming system (publication number CN 117770195A), similar to the aforementioned invention, utilizes water and air pipes arranged in the support space between the sand layer and the pool bottom to utilize rising water and airflow from the bottom, or a water pump jet, to fluidize and clean the sand layer. A Japanese shrimp ceramsite filter bed aquaculture system (publication number CN114375893B) utilizes a bottom bracket to support the ceramsite filter layer, which provides a submerged sand environment for the Japanese shrimp and purifies the water quality. A movable sand bed suitable for factory-scale aquaculture of Japanese shrimp (publication number CN 206118806U) discloses a movable sand bed comprising a mesh bottom bed and sand disposed on the mesh bottom bed. The mesh bottom bed is suspended in the pool and connected to a vibrator, which vibrates and shakes the sand bed, causing leftover bait and feces on the sand bed to fall through the mesh holes of the mesh bottom bed into the pool and be discharged through a drainage hole. This prevents leftover bait and feces from damaging the sand layer, improving the growth environment of the Japanese shrimp and increasing the shrimp survival rate.

[0004] The inventions listed above require specialized designs for the bottom structure of the aquaculture pond. Most of the core structures use filter plates to separate the sand layer from the bottom of the pond. An overhead space is constructed at the bottom of the pond. Water pipes and air pipes are laid out in the overhead space to generate water flow, air flow, or vibration to clean the sand layer. These solutions are structurally complex. In practice, due to the large size of the aquaculture pond, uniform air and water distribution is difficult. Furthermore, the thickness of the sand layer is also uneven, which can easily lead to uneven flushing. As a result, some sand particles cannot be rinsed clean. Furthermore, due to the adhesion of surface biofilms to form mud balls, an oxygen-deficient anaerobic environment is formed inside the pond. Localized sand layers can still produce black and smelly properties, and the problem of cleaning the sand layer for topdressing aquaculture is not completely solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a Japanese shrimp factory-scale sand-topped aquaculture flushing system and method that can automatically and periodically flush the bottom sand and discharge sewage, as well as carry out full-pond mobile oxygenation during aquaculture.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a Japanese shrimp factory sand-topped aquaculture flushing system, comprising a culture pond, wherein a sewage outlet is provided at the center bottom of the culture pond, a fixed sewage pipe is provided above the sewage outlet, and the system further comprises a boat-shaped buoy module located on the surface of the culture pond for providing propulsion force and a sand flushing module located at the bottom of the culture pond for flushing the bottom sand;

[0007] A retaining wall is concentrically arranged around the sewage outlet, and bottom sand is laid on the bottom of the aquaculture pond outside the retaining wall. A traction device for controlling the boat-shaped buoy module to move inward or outward in a spiral circular motion on the water surface is provided above the fixed sewage pipe. The traction device is connected to the boat-shaped buoy module via a first traction rope, and the boat-shaped buoy module is connected to the sand flushing module via a second traction rope. The sand flushing module is provided with a suction hood for sucking in waste flushed from the bottom sand.

[0008] The bottom side wall of the fixed sewage pipe is provided with an opening, and a sealing sleeve capable of moving up and down or rotating along the fixed sewage pipe is provided on the outer side of the opening section of the fixed sewage pipe. A side branch pipe is provided on the middle outer wall of the sealing sleeve, and the side branch pipe is connected to the sewage suction hood through a sewage suction pipe. When flushing the bottom sand, the residual bait and feces adsorbed by the sewage suction hood are discharged out of the breeding pond in sequence through the sewage suction pipe, the side branch pipe, the opening and the sewage outlet;

[0009] When the sealing sleeve moves upward, the opening is exposed, and the dead shrimps and shrimp shells gathered in the retaining wall are discharged out of the breeding pond through the opening and the sewage outlet in sequence.

[0010] Furthermore, a submersible pump is fixedly installed between the two pontoons of the boat-shaped pontoon module. The submersible pump is connected to a surface water ejector for pushing the boat-shaped pontoon module forward and a bottom water ejector for flushing the bottom sand through a first air pipe. The surface water ejector is installed on the boat-shaped pontoon module, and the bottom water ejector is tilted downward and installed on the sand flushing module. The suction hood is arranged in front of the water outlet of the bottom water ejector, and an escape-proof net is provided at the entrance of the suction hood to prevent shrimp from being sucked in.

[0011] Furthermore, the underwater portion of the boat-shaped buoy module is provided with two inclined guide plates with the same inclination direction and the front ends thereof deviated toward the outside of the aquaculture pond, so that when the boat-shaped buoy module is propelled by the jet of water, the forward direction can always be inclined toward the outside of the aquaculture pond.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom plate of the sand flushing module is in the shape of a sled, the bottom water ejector is installed at the front end of the bottom plate of the sand flushing module, the water outlet of the bottom water ejector adopts a duckbill nozzle, and a side baffle is installed on the side of the bottom plate of the sand flushing module close to the center of the breeding pond. The front and rear ends of the sled-shaped bottom plate are both upturned to ensure that the sand flushing module can slide on the surface of the bottom sand without sinking into the bottom sand; the duckbill nozzle can reduce the outlet flow rate, while ensuring the effect of flushing the bottom sand, preventing excessive flow rate from causing impact damage to the shrimp. The side baffle prevents the bottom sand from being gradually gathered towards the center of the breeding pond during the flushing process, especially when flushing near the retaining wall in the center of the pond, to prevent the bottom sand from climbing over the retaining wall and entering the range of the fixed sewage pipe and being discharged.

[0013] Furthermore, the traction device includes an electromagnetic clutch and a traction rope drum. The electromagnetic clutch has coaxially arranged upper and lower discs. The lower disc is fixed to the top of the fixed sewage pipe. The upper disc is fixedly connected to the traction rope drum. A conductive slip ring is installed on the top of the traction rope drum to prevent the connected wires from being entangled. The conductive slip ring, the electromagnetic clutch, and the fixed sewage pipe are coaxially mounted. The traction rope drum is fixedly connected to one end of the first traction rope, the other end of which is connected to the submersible pump. When power is applied, the upper and lower discs of the electromagnetic clutch engage to achieve braking. When power is removed from the electromagnetic clutch, the traction rope drum, the upper disc, and the conductive slip ring rotate coaxially. The traction device winds and releases the first traction rope onto the drum, controlling the inward or outward spiral circular motion of the boat-shaped buoy module above the water surface.

[0014] Furthermore, the submersible pump is connected to an internal power line, and a number of sliding rings are arranged at equal intervals on the internal power line. A fixed ring is provided on the support rod of the conductive slip ring. The internal power line passes through the sliding ring and the fixed ring in sequence and is connected to the conductive slip ring. The first traction rope is passed through the sliding ring. The sliding ring ensures that the internal power line is suspended on the first traction rope to prevent it from drooping into the water, and the first traction rope is always in a taut state (because there is an inclined guide plate 33 at the bottom of the boat-shaped buoy module, the boat-shaped buoy module always has a tendency to move outward, which is why the first traction rope is always taut); the fixed ring is used to allow the first traction rope to be smoothly wound into the traction rope drum, otherwise it will be wound outside in a drooping state; the conductive slip ring is used to avoid wire entanglement and eliminate the risk of breakage caused by wire kinking during mechanical rotation.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper and lower ends of the sealing sleeve are sealedly connected to the fixed sewage pipe through sealing rings respectively. The sealing ring is fixed on the sealing sleeve. A float is provided on the top of the sealing sleeve for controlling the up and down movement of the sealing sleeve.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom of the breeding pond is a pot-shaped bottom with a slope of 0.25% to 0.3%, the breeding pond is round or square, and the area of ​​a single pond is 100-1500m 2 The height of the retaining wall is 10-20 cm, and the bottom sand at the retaining wall is flush with the top of the retaining wall.

[0017] Furthermore, the sewage suction pipe is made of a plastic pipe that does not deform and can bend under negative pressure suction. Several floats are evenly distributed on the sewage suction pipe, allowing the sewage suction pipe to suspend or float in the aquaculture water and not sink to the bottom of the pond, thereby avoiding the sinking and scraping the bottom of the pond to create significant resistance and affect flushing efficiency.

[0018] The present invention also provides a Japanese shrimp factory sand-topped culture flushing method using the above system, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: During the non-sand flushing period, the submersible pump is always powered on, the electromagnetic clutch is powered off, the traction rope drum rotates, and the boat-shaped buoy module and the sand flushing module rotate at the outermost edge of the aquaculture pond to aerate and push the flow, maintaining the water rotation in the aquaculture pond. During this process, feces and leftover bait deposited on the bottom sand surface are finally collected into the retaining wall in the center of the aquaculture pond under the action of the rotating water flow;

[0020] Step 2: Inflate the upper buoy of the sealing sleeve, so that the sealing sleeve floats up, and the opening at the bottom of the fixed sewage pipe is exposed, and the dead shrimps and shrimp shells are discharged through the opening. After they are all discharged, the buoy is deflated, and the sealing sleeve falls under its own gravity, the opening is sealed, and sewage discharge stops;

[0021] Step 3: During the sand flushing period, the electromagnetic clutch is energized, and the traction rope drum fixed on the electromagnetic clutch stops rotating. The boat-shaped buoy module moves forward under the impetus of the water jet from the surface water ejector. During the forward movement, the boat-shaped buoy module tightens the first traction rope and gradually winds it around the traction rope drum, causing the boat-shaped buoy module to move in a spiral circular motion on the water surface and gradually pull the boat-shaped buoy module toward the center of the aquaculture pond. At the same time, the bottom sand of the aquaculture pond is flushed by the sand flushing module towed by the boat-shaped buoy module, and the dirt in the bottom sand is discharged through the sewage suction pipe. After the boat-shaped buoy module rotates to the center, the electromagnetic clutch is de-energized, the traction rope drum resumes rotation, the first traction rope in the traction rope drum begins to be gradually pulled out, and the boat-shaped buoy module gradually rotates outward to the edge of the aquaculture pond during its movement.

[0022] Step 4: After flushing the bottom sand once, the non-flushing period begins again. The electromagnetic clutch is powered off, the submersible pump remains on, and the boat-shaped buoy module always rotates at the outermost edge, continuously aerating and oxygenating, and pushing water to swirl and collect pollutants. When the preset bottom sand flushing time is reached, the electromagnetic clutch is powered on and the above bottom sand flushing process is repeated to complete the flushing process of Japanese shrimp factory-scale sand-laying aquaculture.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0024] (1) Without changing the original culture pond structure and aeration facilities, the bottom sand material is directly laid in the pot-shaped culture pond. During the culture, the bottom sand can be continuously and evenly washed to keep the bottom sand clean, providing a good habitat for Japanese shrimp;

[0025] (2) The device uses a water ejector to push the flow and flush, which can play the role of mobile oxygenation in the entire pool;

[0026] (3) Large particles of dirt on the surface of the bottom sand can also be gathered toward the center of the pond by the vortex of the water in the aquaculture pond.

[0027] In summary, the present invention provides a Japanese shrimp factory-scale sand-topped aquaculture flushing device and method. By installing a movable bottom sand flushing device in the pond, the bottom sand can be automatically and periodically flushed during aquaculture, thereby preventing the bottom sand from becoming black and smelly, maintaining a good water environment in the sand-topped aquaculture pond, and creating good conditions for stable and high yields of Japanese shrimp. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention installed in a breeding pond;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention installed in a breeding pond;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the ship-shaped buoy module and the sand flushing module in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the traction device in the present invention;

[0032] The following are labeled in the figure: 1. Aquaculture pond; 2. External power cord; 3. Conductive slip ring; 3-1 Support rod; 4. Tow rope drum; 5. Electromagnetic clutch; 5-1 Upper disc; 5-2 Lower disc; 6. Fixed lifting ring; 7. Sliding lifting ring; 8. Internal power cord; 9. First tow rope; 10. Boat-shaped buoy module; 11. Float; 12. Submersible pump; 13. Surface water ejector; 14. First air pipe; 15. Sewage suction pipe. 16. Suction hood; 16-1. Anti-escape net; 17. Second traction rope; 18. Bottom water ejector; 19. Sand flushing module; 20. Side baffle; 21. Perforated aeration pipe; 22. Retaining wall; 23. Side branch pipe; 24. Float; 25. Second air pipe; 26. Fixed sewage pipe; 27. Sealing ring; 28. Sealing sleeve; 29. ​​Opening; 30. Sewage outlet; 31. Bottom sand; 32. External sewage pipe; 33. Inclined guide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Specific embodiment 1: A flushing system for industrial sand-topped aquaculture of Japanese shrimp.

[0034] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the aquaculture pond 1 includes a sewage outlet 30 at the center bottom of the aquaculture pond 1, and a fixed sewage pipe 26 is provided above the sewage outlet 30. The aquaculture pond 1 is characterized in that it also includes a boat-shaped buoy module 10 located on the surface of the aquaculture pond 1 for providing propulsion and a sand flushing module 19 located at the bottom of the aquaculture pond 1 for flushing bottom sand 31.

[0035] A retaining wall 22 is concentrically arranged around the sewage outlet 30. A bottom sand 31 is laid outside the retaining wall 22 at the bottom of the aquaculture pond 1. A traction device for controlling the inward or outward spiral circular motion of the boat-shaped buoy module 10 on the water surface is provided above the fixed sewage pipe 26. The traction device is connected to the boat-shaped buoy module 10 via a first traction rope 9. The boat-shaped buoy module 10 is connected to the sand flushing module 19 via a second traction rope 17. The sand flushing module 19 is provided with a suction hood 16 for sucking in waste flushed from the bottom sand 31.

[0036] An opening 29 is provided on the bottom side wall of the fixed sewage pipe 26, and a sealing sleeve 28 that can move up and down or rotate along the fixed sewage pipe 26 is provided on the outer side of the opening 29 section of the fixed sewage pipe 26. A side branch pipe 23 is provided on the middle outer wall of the sealing sleeve 28, and the side branch pipe 23 is connected to the sewage suction cover 16 through the sewage suction pipe 15. When flushing the bottom sand 31, the residual bait and feces adsorbed by the sewage suction cover 16 are discharged out of the breeding pond 1 in sequence through the sewage suction pipe 15, the side branch pipe 23, the opening 29 and the sewage outlet 30; when the sealing sleeve 28 moves upward, the opening 29 is exposed, and the dead shrimps and shrimp shells gathered in the retaining wall 22 are discharged out of the breeding pond 1 in sequence through the opening 29 and the sewage outlet 30.

[0037] In this specific embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, a submersible pump 12 is fixedly installed between the two buoys 24 of the boat-shaped buoy module 10. The submersible pump 12 is connected via a first air pipe 14 to a surface water ejector 13 for propelling the boat-shaped buoy module 10 and a bottom water ejector 18 for flushing the bottom sand 31. The water output from the submersible pump 12 is divided into two paths: one through the surface layer and the other through the bottom layer. Both outlet nozzles utilize ejectors, providing aeration and oxygenation during operation. The water output from the surface water ejector 13 also propels the entire boat-shaped buoy module 10 forward and drives the sand flushing module 19 forward via a second traction rope 17. By tightening the first traction rope 9 and controlling the rotation of the drum via the electromagnetic clutch 5, the boat-shaped buoy module 10 moves inward or outward in a spiral circular motion on the water surface. During this spiral circular motion, the bottom sand 31 of the aquaculture pond 1 is flushed by the sand flushing module 19 pulled by the bottom of the boat-shaped buoy module 10, and waste is discharged through the sewage suction pipe 15.

[0038] In this specific embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, a surface water ejector 13 is mounted on the boat-shaped buoy module 10. A bottom water ejector 18 is tilted downward and mounted on the sand flushing module 19. A suction hood 16 is positioned in front of the water outlet of the bottom water ejector 18. Suspended matter such as leftover bait, shrimp feces, and dead algae flushed from the bottom sand 31 is promptly sucked up by the hood 16 and fed through a suction pipe 15 above the hood 16 into a fixed drain pipe 26 in the center of the aquaculture pond 1, ultimately exiting the aquaculture pond 1. An escape prevention net 16-1 is installed at the entrance of the hood 16 to prevent shrimp from being sucked in. The mesh size of the net 16-1 is adjusted according to the shrimp size at different aquaculture stages. The underwater portion of the boat-shaped buoy module 10 is equipped with two inclined guide plates 33, tilted in the same direction and with their front ends tilted toward the outside of the aquaculture pond 1. This ensures that the boat-shaped buoy module 10, when propelled by the water jet, maintains a consistent forward direction toward the outside of the aquaculture pond 1.

[0039] In this specific embodiment, Figure 3As shown, the bottom plate of the sand flushing module 19 is in the shape of a sled, and the bottom water ejector 18 is installed at the front end of the bottom plate of the sand flushing module 19. The water outlet of the bottom water ejector 18 adopts a duckbill nozzle. The front and rear ends of the sled-shaped bottom plate are both upturned to ensure that the sand flushing module 19 can slide on the surface of the bottom sand 31 without sinking into the bottom sand 31; the duckbill nozzle can reduce the outlet flow rate, while ensuring the effect of flushing the bottom sand 31, preventing excessive flow rate from causing impact damage to the shrimp. A side baffle 20 is installed on the side of the bottom plate of the sand flushing module 19 close to the center of the culture pond 1. This prevents the bottom sand 31 from gradually gathering towards the center of the culture pond 1 during the flushing process, especially when flushing near the retaining wall 22 in the center of the pond, and prevents the bottom sand 31 from climbing over the retaining wall 22 and entering the range of action of the fixed sewage pipe 26 and being discharged.

[0040] In this specific embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the traction device includes an electromagnetic clutch 5 and a traction rope drum 4. The electromagnetic clutch 5 has two coaxially arranged upper and lower discs. The lower disc 5-2 is fixed to the top of the fixed sewage pipe 26, and the upper disc 5-1 is fixedly connected to the traction rope drum 4. A conductive slip ring 3 is installed on the top of the traction rope drum 4 to prevent the connected wires from being entangled. The conductive slip ring 3, the electromagnetic clutch 5, and the fixed sewage pipe 26 are coaxially mounted. The traction rope drum 4 is fixedly connected to one end of the first traction rope 9, and the other end of the first traction rope 9 is connected to the submersible pump 12. When the electromagnetic clutch 5 is energized, the upper disc 5-1 and lower disc 5-2 of the electromagnetic clutch 5 engage to achieve braking. When the electromagnetic clutch 5 is de-energized, the traction rope drum 4, the upper disc 5-1, and the conductive slip ring 3 rotate coaxially. The traction device winds and releases the first traction rope 9 into the drum, controlling the inward or outward spiral circular motion of the ship-shaped buoy module 10 on the water surface. The conductive slip ring 3, located above the fixed sewage pipe 26, primarily provides power to the rotating electromagnetic clutch 5 while preventing the connected wires from becoming entangled. When the electromagnetic clutch 5 is energized and closed, the upper disc 5-1 and the traction rope drum 4 stop rotating. As the boat-shaped buoy module 10 continues to spray water forward, the first traction rope 9 begins to wrap around the traction rope drum 4, gradually pulling the boat-shaped buoy module 10 toward the center of the pool. When the boat-shaped buoy module 10 approaches the center, the electromagnetic clutch 5 is de-energized, and the upper disc 5-1 and lower disc 5-2 separate. The upper disc 5-1 resumes rotation as the boat-shaped buoy module 10 continues to spray water forward. Due to the inclined deflector 33 at the bottom of the boat-shaped buoy module 10, the boat-shaped buoy module 10 tends to move outward, gradually pulling the first traction rope 9 apart. The boat-shaped buoy module 10 eventually straightens the first traction rope 9 and moves to the outer edge of the pool. This automatic reciprocating motion repeats itself over and over again, allowing the underwater sand flushing module 19 to periodically flush the bottom sand 31 of the pool.

[0041] The submersible pump 12 is connected to an internal power line 8, and a number of sliding rings 7 are arranged at equal intervals on the internal power line 8. A fixed ring 6 is provided on the support rod 3-1 of the conductive slip ring 3. The internal power line 8 passes through the sliding ring 7, the fixed ring 6, and the conductive slip ring 3 in sequence to be electrically connected to the external power line 2. The first traction rope 9 is passed through the sliding ring 7. The fixed ring 6 is installed on the support rod 3-1 of the conductive slip ring 3. The support rod 3-1 on the conductive slip ring 3 is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the conductive slip ring 3, that is, it can always rotate with the conductive slip ring 3. The function of the fixed ring 6 is to allow the first traction rope 9 to be smoothly wound into the traction rope drum 4, otherwise it will be entangled outside in a drooping state. The sliding ring 7 is fixed to the internal power line 8 and then passed through the first traction rope 9 to ensure that the internal power line 8 is suspended on the first traction rope 9 to prevent it from drooping into the water and to keep the first traction rope 9 in a taut state. The external power line 2 is an external power source and needs to pass through the conductive slip ring 3 before it can supply power to the submersible pump 12 through the internal power line 8. Because the ship-shaped buoy module 10 is always continuously wound in one direction, if the external power line 2 is directly connected to the submersible pump 12, the wire will eventually break and must be converted through this conductive slip ring 3.

[0042] In this embodiment, the upper and lower ends of the sealing sleeve 28 are sealedly connected to the fixed drainage pipe 26 via sealing rings 27 approximately 2 cm thick. The sealing rings 27 are fixed to the sealing sleeve 28. An inflatable float 24 is located at the top of the sealing sleeve 28 to control the upward and downward movement of the sealing sleeve 28. The float 24 is connected to an external inflation and deflation device via a second air pipe 25. When flushing the bottom sand 31, an opening 29 at the bottom of the fixed drainage pipe 26 is positioned between the upper and lower sealing rings 27. To discharge large particles such as dead shrimp and shrimp shells that have accumulated at the center bottom of the aquaculture pond 1 due to the rotating water flow, the float 24 is inflated, causing the sealing sleeve 28 to float upward, exposing the opening 29 at the bottom of the fixed drainage pipe 26 and allowing the dead shrimp, shrimp shells, and other large particles to be discharged through the opening 29. When the inflation is stopped, the air in the inflated float 24 is gradually exhausted, and the sealing sleeve 28 gradually descends under its own gravity, completely covering the opening 29. The opening 29 can only discharge the flushed waste in the suction pipe 15. During the sewage suction and discharge process, the sealing sleeve 28 rotates with the suction pipe 15 without tangling, ensuring smooth drainage within the suction pipe 15. The suction pipe 15 is made of a plastic tube that does not deform and is flexible under negative pressure. Floats 11 are fixed to the suction pipe 15 at intervals of one meter. This allows the suction pipe 15 to suspend or float in the aquaculture water, preventing it from sinking to the bottom of the pond and scraping the bottom, creating significant resistance and affecting flushing efficiency.

[0043] In this embodiment, the bottom of the culture pond 1 is pot-shaped with a slope of 0.25% to 0.3%. The culture pond 1 is circular or square, and the area of ​​a single pond is 100-1500m2. The water level is maintained high throughout the culture process. The bottom sand 31 is composed of sinking particles such as bioceramic granules, inorganic vermiculite, sea sand, rice hulls, and organic walnut sand. Its particle size ranges from 0.1 to 3.0mm. After the bottom sand 31 is laid flat, the thickness at the thinnest point on the outer edge is 5cm. The diameter of the fixed sewage pipe 26 is adjusted according to the size of the pond body and ranges from 160 to 400mm. The opening 2929 in the side wall of the fixed sewage pipe 26 has an aperture of 3-6cm, which is large enough to allow dead shrimp and shrimp shells to pass through. The total opening height is 20cm. A retaining wall 22, approximately 2.0 m in diameter and 20 cm high, is installed around a fixed sewage pipe 26. The pond floor outside the retaining wall 22 is paved with bottom sand 31, which is maintained flush with the retaining wall 22. A perforated aeration pipe 21 is installed at the bottom of the aquaculture pond 1, ensuring continuous aeration and oxygenation of the bottom of the aquaculture pond 1 during the aquaculture period. A sewage outlet 30 is connected to an external sewage pipe 32.

[0044] Specific embodiment 2: A method for a Japanese shrimp factory culture facility, wherein a culture pond 1 is constructed with a pot-shaped bottom according to a bottom slope of 2‰ to 3‰, and the area of ​​the culture pond 1 is 30-1500m 2 , refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 Arrange equipment, add water and prepare for breeding. The specific steps are as follows:

[0045] Step 1: During the non-sand flushing period, the submersible pump 12 is always powered on, the electromagnetic clutch 5 is powered off, and the traction rope drum 4 rotates. Since the boat-shaped buoy module 10 can always be deflected to the outside of the pool when it is propelled by the jet flow, the boat-shaped buoy module 10 and the sand flushing module 19 are always rotating at the outermost side of the aquaculture pond 1 to aerate and push the flow, maintaining the rotation of the water body in the aquaculture pond 1. During this process, feces and leftover bait deposited on the surface of the bottom sand 31 are finally collected into the retaining wall 22 in the center of the aquaculture pond 1 under the action of the rotating water flow;

[0046] Step 2: Intermittent drainage can be performed during this period, with each drainage lasting 1-3 minutes. During the drainage period, the buoy 24 above the sealing sleeve 28 is inflated, causing the sealing sleeve 28 to float upward, exposing the opening 29 at the bottom of the fixed drainage pipe 26, and allowing dead shrimp and shrimp shells to be discharged through the opening 29. After all the shrimp and shrimp shells are discharged, the buoy 24 is deflated, and the sealing sleeve 28 falls under its own gravity, sealing the opening 29, and stopping the drainage.

[0047] Step 3: During the sand flushing period, the electromagnetic clutch 5 is energized, the electromagnetic clutch 5 is closed and cannot rotate, the traction rope drum 4 fixed on the electromagnetic clutch 5 stops rotating, and the boat-shaped buoy module 10 moves forward under the action of the water jet from the surface water ejector 13. Due to the action of the inclined guide plate 33, the boat-shaped buoy module 10 can always be kept in the direction of the outside of the pool, tightening the traction rope. Since the traction rope drum 4 cannot rotate, the first traction rope 9 is gradually wound around the traction rope drum 4, causing the boat-shaped buoy module 10 to move in a spiral circle on the water surface and gradually pulling the boat-shaped buoy module 10 toward the aquaculture pond 1. During this process, the bottom sand 31 of the aquaculture pond 1 is washed once by the sand flushing module 19 towed by the boat-shaped buoy module 10, and the dirt in the bottom sand 31 is discharged through the sewage suction pipe 15; after the boat-shaped buoy module 10 rotates to the center, the electromagnetic clutch 5 is powered off, and the traction rope drum 4 resumes rotation. Since the boat-shaped buoy module 10 can always be deflected toward the outside of the pond when propelled by the jet of water, the first traction rope 9 in the traction rope drum 4 begins to be gradually pulled out, and the boat-shaped buoy module 10 gradually rotates outward during its travel to reach the edge of the aquaculture pond 1; thus, the bottom sand 31 of the pond is cleaned twice in one round trip process;

[0048] Step 4: After flushing the bottom sand 31 once, the non-flushing period begins again. The electromagnetic clutch 5 is powered off, the submersible pump 12 remains on, and the boat-shaped buoy module 10 always rotates at the outermost edge, continuously aerating and oxygenating, and pushing water and swirling to collect pollutants. When the preset bottom sand flushing time 31 is reached, the electromagnetic clutch 5 is powered on and the bottom sand flushing process 31 is repeated. The bottom sand is cleaned multiple times a day according to different aquaculture stages.

[0049] The bait is fed during the non-sand flushing period, that is, 1.5h-2.0h after the start of feeding. The boat-shaped buoy module 10 always keeps rotating at the outermost edge, continuously aerating and oxygenating, pushing water and swirling to collect sewage, preventing the bait from being directly sucked away and discharged by the sewage suction pipe 15, causing waste.

[0050] The core of the present invention is to directly lay light bottom sand 31 on the bottom of a pot-shaped breeding pond 1 to breed Japanese shrimp. It is particularly suitable for breeding ponds 1 with a large single pool area. The bottom sand 31 can be continuously washed during breeding, avoiding the phenomenon that the bottom sand 31 of the traditional breeding pond 1 easily becomes black and smelly, and maintaining good bottom quality throughout the breeding process.

[0051] The above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by persons of ordinary skill in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention shall also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Japanese shrimp factory-scale sand-topped aquaculture flushing system, comprising a culture pond, wherein a sewage outlet is provided at the center bottom of the culture pond, and a fixed sewage pipe is provided above the sewage outlet, characterized in that: It also includes a boat-shaped buoy module located on the surface of the aquaculture pond for providing propulsion and a sand flushing module located at the bottom of the aquaculture pond for flushing bottom sand; A retaining wall is concentrically arranged around the sewage outlet, and bottom sand is laid on the bottom of the aquaculture pond outside the retaining wall. A traction device for controlling the boat-shaped buoy module to move inward or outward in a spiral circular motion on the water surface is provided above the fixed sewage pipe. The traction device is connected to the boat-shaped buoy module via a first traction rope, and the boat-shaped buoy module is connected to the sand flushing module via a second traction rope. The sand flushing module is provided with a suction hood for sucking in waste flushed from the bottom sand. The bottom side wall of the fixed sewage pipe is provided with an opening, and a sealing sleeve capable of moving up and down or rotating along the fixed sewage pipe is provided on the outer side of the opening section of the fixed sewage pipe. A side branch pipe is provided on the middle outer wall of the sealing sleeve, and the side branch pipe is connected to the sewage suction hood through a sewage suction pipe. When flushing the bottom sand, the residual bait and feces adsorbed by the sewage suction hood are discharged out of the breeding pond in sequence through the sewage suction pipe, the side branch pipe, the opening and the sewage outlet; When the sealing sleeve moves upward, the opening is exposed, and the dead shrimps and shrimp shells gathered in the retaining wall are discharged out of the breeding pond through the opening and the sewage outlet in sequence.

2. The Japanese shrimp factory sand-topdressing aquaculture flushing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: A submersible pump is fixedly installed between the two pontoons of the boat-shaped pontoon module. The submersible pump is connected to a surface water ejector for pushing the boat-shaped pontoon module forward and a bottom water ejector for flushing the bottom sand through a first air pipe. The surface water ejector is installed on the boat-shaped pontoon module, and the bottom water ejector is tilted downward and installed on the sand flushing module. The suction hood is arranged in front of the water outlet of the bottom water ejector, and an escape-proof net for preventing shrimp from being sucked in is provided at the entrance of the suction hood.

3. The Japanese shrimp factory sand-topdressing and flushing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The underwater part of the boat-shaped buoy module is provided with two inclined guide plates with the same inclined direction and the front ends thereof inclined toward the outside of the breeding pond.

4. The Japanese shrimp factory sand-topdressing and flushing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom plate of the sand flushing module is sled-shaped, the bottom water ejector is installed at the front end of the bottom plate of the sand flushing module, the water outlet of the bottom water ejector adopts a duckbill nozzle, and a side baffle is installed on the side of the bottom plate of the sand flushing module close to the center of the breeding pond.

5. The Japanese shrimp factory sand-topdressing and flushing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The traction device includes an electromagnetic clutch and a traction rope reel. The electromagnetic clutch has two upper and lower discs. The lower disc of the electromagnetic clutch is fixed on the top of the fixed sewage pipe. The upper disc of the electromagnetic clutch is fixedly connected to the traction rope reel. The top of the traction rope reel is provided with a conductive slip ring for preventing the connected wires from being entangled. The conductive slip ring, the electromagnetic clutch and the fixed sewage pipe are coaxially installed. The traction rope reel is fixedly connected to one end of the first traction rope, and the other end of the first traction rope is connected to the submersible pump. When the electromagnetic clutch is energized, the electromagnetic clutch and the traction rope reel are braked in a bite-engagement manner.

6. The Japanese shrimp factory sand-topdressing aquaculture flushing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The submersible pump is connected to an internal power line, and a number of sliding rings are arranged at equal intervals on the internal power line. A fixed ring is provided on the support rod of the conductive slip ring. The internal power line passes through the sliding ring, the fixed ring and the conductive slip ring in sequence to be electrically connected to the external power line. The first traction rope is passed through the sliding ring.

7. The Japanese shrimp factory sand-topdressing and flushing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The upper and lower ends of the sealing sleeve are respectively sealed and connected to the fixed sewage pipe through sealing rings. The sealing ring is fixed on the sealing sleeve. A float is provided on the top of the sealing sleeve for controlling the upward and downward movement of the sealing sleeve.

8. The Japanese shrimp factory sand-topdressing and flushing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The bottom of the breeding pond is a pot-shaped bottom with a slope of 0.25% to 0.3%. The breeding pond is round or square, and the area of ​​a single pond is 100-1500m 2 The height of the retaining wall is 10-20 cm, and the bottom sand at the retaining wall is flush with the top of the retaining wall.

9. The Japanese shrimp factory sand-topdressing and flushing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The sewage suction pipe adopts a plastic pipe which does not deform and can be bent under negative pressure suction, and a plurality of floats are evenly distributed on the sewage suction pipe.

10. A method for industrialized sand-topped aquaculture and flushing of Japanese shrimp using the system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The following steps are involved: Step 1: During the non-sand flushing period, the submersible pump is always powered on, the electromagnetic clutch is powered off, the traction rope drum rotates, and the boat-shaped buoy module and the sand flushing module rotate at the outermost edge of the aquaculture pond to aerate and push the flow, maintaining the water rotation in the aquaculture pond. During this process, feces and leftover bait deposited on the bottom sand surface are finally collected into the retaining wall in the center of the aquaculture pond under the action of the rotating water flow; Step 2: Inflate the upper buoy of the sealing sleeve, so that the sealing sleeve floats up, and the opening at the bottom of the fixed sewage pipe is exposed, and the dead shrimps and shrimp shells are discharged through the opening. After they are all discharged, the buoy is deflated, and the sealing sleeve falls under its own gravity, the opening is sealed, and sewage discharge stops; Step 3: During the sand flushing period, the electromagnetic clutch is energized, and the traction rope drum fixed on the electromagnetic clutch stops rotating. The boat-shaped buoy module moves forward under the impetus of the water jet from the surface water ejector. During the forward movement, the boat-shaped buoy module tightens the first traction rope and gradually winds it around the traction rope drum, causing the boat-shaped buoy module to move in a spiral circular motion on the water surface and gradually pull the boat-shaped buoy module toward the center of the aquaculture pond. At the same time, the bottom sand of the aquaculture pond is flushed by the sand flushing module towed by the boat-shaped buoy module, and the dirt in the bottom sand is discharged through the sewage suction pipe. After the boat-shaped buoy module rotates to the center, the electromagnetic clutch is de-energized, the traction rope drum resumes rotation, the first traction rope in the traction rope drum begins to be gradually pulled out, and the boat-shaped buoy module gradually rotates outward to the edge of the aquaculture pond during its movement. Step 4: After flushing the bottom sand once, the non-flushing period begins again. The electromagnetic clutch is powered off, the submersible pump remains on, and the boat-shaped buoy module always rotates at the outermost edge, continuously aerating and oxygenating, and pushing water into the vortex to collect pollutants. When the preset bottom sand flushing time is reached, the electromagnetic clutch is powered on and the above bottom sand flushing process is repeated to complete the flushing process of the Japanese shrimp factory-scale sand-laying aquaculture.

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