Condensation and refining integrated device and method for continuous magnesium smelting

Abstract

The invention discloses a condensation and refining integrated device and method for continuous magnesium smelting, and belongs to the field of thermometallurgy. The temperature-controllable condensation plate is arranged to accurately control the condensation temperature, it is guaranteed that magnesium steam can be efficiently condensed into liquid magnesium and smoothly drips and is collected, automatic control from crude magnesium collection to refining is achieved through cooperative work of the optical signal sensing device, the current signal sensor, the refining chamber piston push rod and other components, and the production efficiency is improved. And the production efficiency and the product quality stability are improved. Meanwhile, in the refining process, the coarse magnesium liquid and the refining agent are stirred through the high-temperature-resistant eccentric stirring paddle, so that the coarse magnesium liquid and the refining agent are fully mixed, and the refining effect is improved. When the device provided by the invention is used for refining, refining slag can be discharged in time, so that interference to the refining process is avoided, the quality of refined magnesium after impurity removal is high, and industrial production requirements are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of pyrometallurgy, and in particular relates to a condensation and refining integrated device and method for continuous magnesium smelting. Background Art

[0002] With the recent development of the nonferrous metals industry, demand for magnesium and its alloys has steadily increased. Magnesium-aluminum alloys, in particular, are widely used in civilian vehicles, aerospace, and other fields due to their lightweight, excellent physical properties, and good machinability. Currently, the world's annual primary magnesium production is approximately 1 million tons, with China accounting for over 80% of this, making it a veritable primary magnesium smelting powerhouse and the country with the largest magnesium resource reserves. However, with the advent of green metallurgy, the high energy consumption and carbon emissions of existing primary magnesium smelting processes have severely constrained further growth in primary magnesium production.

[0003] my country's primary magnesium production is mainly concentrated in Fugu, Yulin, Shaanxi, Nanjing Yunhai Group, Shanghai Baosteel Group, etc. The production process adopts the Pijiang method of silicon-thermal magnesium smelting process with low investment and fast plant construction. The heat transfer method of this process is single heat transfer. It is very common to set the reduction stage for a long time. In addition, the high-temperature calcination and cooling to room temperature during the pelletizing stage will also cause great energy waste. The emergence of the relative vacuum continuous magnesium smelting process proposed by Zhang Ting'an's team at Northeastern University has provided a new way out for the green continuous smelting of primary magnesium. [1]~[3] . This process upgrades the heat transfer mode to a form of heat transfer and heat convection coupling, greatly shortening the time required for the reduction reaction from 10~14 hours to 1~1.5 hours. In addition, the pelletizing process uses magnesium-containing ore to directly make pellets, avoiding the energy loss of high-temperature calcination. The innovative process reduces the energy consumption per ton of magnesium produced by more than 30% and carbon emissions by more than 43%. However, in the process of industrial promotion of this process, although this method has a good energy-saving and emission reduction effect, the flowing carrier gas destroys the process of free diffusion and crystallization of magnesium vapor particles to the condensation plate, and only powdered crystalline magnesium can be collected. This problem is a problem that needs to be solved urgently in the process of promoting this process to industrialization.

[0004] In recent years, researchers in the field of raw magnesium smelting in my country have conducted extensive research on condenser equipment. Patent CN117488071A discloses a closed rotary furnace for continuous magnesium smelting and its use method, which mainly includes: a closed rotary furnace, a heating kiln body and a condensing device. The mixed gas of magnesium vapor and inert gas generated during the heating process is condensed to produce liquid magnesium. Although it can greatly shorten the magnesium smelting cycle and achieve efficient use of heat. However, the collected magnesium will still crystallize in the form of powder, and the conditions for nucleation and growth of magnesium vapor are poor. Patent CN117488072A discloses a method and device for relatively vacuum continuous magnesium smelting and co-production of refining agents, and points out a scheme for relatively vacuum continuous magnesium smelting and co-production of refining agents. The invention mainly includes: a sealed furnace body, a crawler transmission device, a heating gun in the calcination zone, a heating gun in the reduction zone, a condenser and a negative pressure tempering furnace. This method and device realize the continuous smelting of magnesium from low-grade magnesite ore and dolomite, and co-produce refining agents while producing metallic magnesium. This solves the current problem of unusable reduction tailings from the source of the process, but the problem of magnesium vapor powder crystallization remains unresolved.

[0005] In summary, the current relatively vacuum continuous magnesium smelting condensation process does not have the conditions for large-sized grain nucleation and growth, and the subsequent refining process requires the crude magnesium to be reheated, resulting in secondary energy waste.

[0006] Literature[1] Han J, Fu D, Guo J, et al. Nucleation and Condensation of Magnesium Vapor in Argon Carrier[J]. Metals, 2020, 10(11): 1441.

[0007] Literature[2] Li RB, Zhang SJ, Guo LJ, et al. Numerical study ofmagnesium (Mg) production by the Pidgeon process: Impact of heat transfer onMg reduction process[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2013, 59: 328-337.

[0008] Literature[3] Fan B guo, Jia L, Han F, et al. Study on magnesium slagdesulfurizer modified by additives in quenching hydration[J]. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 2019, 21(5): 1211-1223. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention aims to address the shortcomings of existing technologies in relative vacuum continuous magnesium smelting processes and to provide an apparatus and method for integrated condensation and refining of magnesium vapor in relative vacuum continuous smelting to solve the problems of high energy consumption and carbon emissions associated with the condensation of magnesium vapor powder and subsequent crude magnesium refining. The present invention utilizes a specific process and apparatus to achieve liquid condensation of magnesium vapor and achieve continuous, integrated condensation and refining operations, thereby reducing energy consumption, carbon emissions, and environmental pollution.

[0010] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0011] A condensation and refining integrated device for continuous magnesium smelting, comprising a refining system and a condensing system, wherein the refining system and the condensing system are adjacent to each other and are connected via a check valve II provided on the upper side of the system wall and a check valve I provided on the lower side of the system wall;

[0012] The condensation system includes a condensation area, a crude magnesium liquid collection area, a magnesium slag discharge area, and an argon gas discharge area; the refining system includes a magnesium liquid refining area and a system pressure control area, and the system pressure control area is arranged above the magnesium liquid refining area.

[0013] The crude magnesium liquid collection area is located at the bottom of the condensation system, the condensation area is located directly above the crude magnesium liquid collection area, and the magnesium slag collection area and the crude magnesium liquid collection area are separated by a magnesium slag overflow weir; an argon gas discharge area is provided above the magnesium slag discharge area; and a mixed gas inlet is provided at a position opposite to the argon gas discharge area;

[0014] The bottom of the magnesium liquid refining zone is provided with a refining chamber and a high-temperature resistant eccentric stirring paddle, which is obliquely inserted into the refining chamber from the side wall of the refining chamber; a check valve I and a refined magnesium liquid outlet are respectively provided at relative positions at the bottom of the refining chamber; a refining chamber piston push rod is provided in the system pressure control zone, a refining agent addition port is provided at the center of the bottom of the refining chamber piston push rod, and an optical signal sensor is provided above the refining agent addition port; the bottom of the system pressure control zone is higher than the check valve II;

[0015] A current signal sensor is provided above the check valve I on the side close to the crude magnesium liquid collection area;

[0016] The condensation zone is provided with a temperature-controllable condensation plate, which is fixed to the condenser shell by welding; the temperature-controllable condensation plate includes a condensation plate body, a baffle body and a silicon-molybdenum rod; three baffle bodies are staggered perpendicular to the condensation plate body, and magnesium vapor fluidizes and passes through the baffle body; 5 to 10 silicon-molybdenum rod insertion ports are evenly arranged in a single row relative to each baffle body, and the silicon-molybdenum rods pass through the silicon-molybdenum rod insertion ports and are fixed in the baffle body;

[0017] The bottom of the magnesium slag discharge area is provided with a magnesium slag discharge port; the argon discharge area is provided with an argon outlet piston push rod through the piston push rod insertion port at the argon outlet;

[0018] The height of the magnesium slag overflow weir is 5% to 15% of the overall height of the condenser; the check valve I and the check valve II are one-way check valves with the same structure.

[0019] A method for integrating condensation and refining for continuous magnesium smelting in a relative vacuum, implemented using the above-mentioned device, comprises the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Mix the magnesium-containing ore, reducing agent and flux according to a set mass ratio to obtain pellets;

[0021] Step 2: The pellets are sent to a reduction tank for calcination and reduction to generate magnesium vapor. A carrier gas is introduced into the reduction tank, and the magnesium vapor enters the condenser through a high-temperature resistant alloy pipe.

[0022] Step 3: The magnesium vapor condenses into liquid magnesium on the surface of the temperature-controlled condensation plate and drips into the crude magnesium liquid collection chamber below for collection, obtaining crude magnesium liquid and covering slag;

[0023] Step 4: When the height of the magnesium liquid and the covering slag in the crude magnesium liquid collection chamber reaches 5% to 15% of the total height of the condensation system, the piston push rod of the refining chamber moves upward to suck the magnesium liquid into the magnesium liquid refining area and automatically add refining agent; after standing, the high-temperature resistant eccentric stirring paddle mixes and stirs the crude magnesium liquid with the refining agent to obtain refined magnesium liquid and refined slag;

[0024] Step 5: When the height of the refined magnesium liquid and refined slag in the magnesium liquid refining zone reaches 85%-90% of the total height of the magnesium liquid refining zone, the refining chamber piston push rod moves downward, and the refined slag is discharged through the upper check valve II into the crude magnesium liquid collection chamber. When the total mass of the refined magnesium liquid and refined slag in the magnesium liquid refining zone reaches 7%-17% of the raw material mass, the refining chamber piston push rod stops circulating, the refined magnesium liquid is discharged from the refined magnesium liquid outlet, and the refined slag enters the crude magnesium liquid collection zone. In the crude magnesium liquid collection zone, as magnesium vapor continues to condense into liquid magnesium and drip into the crude magnesium liquid, the covering slag on top of the crude magnesium liquid overflows the magnesium slag overflow weir and is discharged from the magnesium slag outlet. When the current signal sensor indicates that the mass of the crude magnesium liquid and covering slag reaches 7%-17% of the raw material mass, the refining chamber piston push rod resumes circulating, and the refining process repeats.

[0025] In step 1, the magnesium-containing ore includes at least dolomite and magnesite; the reducing agent includes but is not limited to one or a mixture of ferrosilicon, aluminum chips, and biomass carbon; the flux includes but is not limited to fluorite or CaF2;

[0026] Among them, by mass ratio, dolomite: magnesite: reducing agent: flux = (6.0~6.6): (6.4~6.6): (1.4~1.8): (0.2~0.6);

[0027] In step 2, the calcination temperature is 900° C. to 1050° C., and the calcination time is 1 h to 3 h; the reduction temperature is 1250° C. to 1350° C., and the reduction time is 1 h to 3 h;

[0028] The carrier gas is an inert gas with a carrier gas flow rate of 0.1m 3 / h~2.5m 3 / h;

[0029] In step 3, the surface temperature of the temperature-controllable condensation plate is 750° C. to 850° C.;

[0030] In step 4, when the height of the magnesium liquid and the covering slag in the crude magnesium liquid collection area reaches 5% to 15% of the overall height of the condenser, the piston push rod of the refining chamber moves upward, and the crude magnesium liquid in the condenser is sucked into the magnesium liquid refining area through the check valve I. When the crude magnesium liquid is sucked into the refining chamber, the valve core of the check valve I is in the open state, the current signal sensor is interrupted, and the refining agent is added to the magnesium liquid refining area through the refining agent addition port. At the same time, the optical signal sensor adjusts the high-temperature resistant eccentric stirring paddle to start working and refining.

[0031] The current signal sensor is located on the side wall of the check valve body I, detects the working state of the check valve I through the electrical signal, and is connected externally to test the on / off of the electrical signal;

[0032] The refining agent is added by induction. The optical signal sensor is located above the refining agent inlet. The refining agent is added when the piston rod of the induction refining chamber moves upward and exceeds the refining agent inlet position.

[0033] The standing time is 1s to 10s.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. This invention proposes an integrated condensation and refining device and method for continuous magnesium smelting in a relative vacuum. Magnesium-containing ore (such as dolomite, magnesite), a reducing agent (such as ferrosilicon, aluminum chips, biochar), and a flux (such as fluorite, CaF2 reagent) are mixed in specific proportions to form pellets. After an integrated calcination and reduction process, magnesium vapor is condensed into liquid magnesium on a temperature-controlled condensing plate and collected for subsequent refining. This device solves the problem of powdered magnesium vapor condensation in existing relative vacuum continuous magnesium smelting processes, while achieving continuous, integrated condensation and refining operations. Furthermore, the reduced slag produced during the production process can be processed and reused separately, reducing resource waste.

[0036] 2. The present invention utilizes a temperature-controlled condensing plate to precisely control the condensation temperature between 750°C and 850°C, ensuring efficient condensation of magnesium vapor into liquid magnesium for smooth dripping and collection. The coordinated operation of optical signal sensors, current signal sensors, and the refining chamber piston push rod enables automated control of the entire process, from crude magnesium collection to refining. This system automatically adjusts operations based on the state of the magnesium liquid and refined slag, improving production efficiency and ensuring consistent product quality.

[0037] 3. The integrated condensation and refining device of the present invention is rationally designed. During the refining process, a high-temperature resistant eccentric stirring paddle stirs the crude magnesium liquid and the refining agent, ensuring thorough mixing of the two and improving the refining effect. The refined slag can be discharged promptly to avoid interference with the refining process. The refined magnesium after impurity removal is of high quality, meeting the needs of industrial production. At the same time, the device can achieve continuous production, increasing magnesium production efficiency by 8%-17% and reducing production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated condensation and refining device for continuous magnesium smelting according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the temperature-controlled condensation plate structure;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a top view of the temperature-controlled condensation plate;

[0041] Figure 4 This is the left view of the temperature-controlled condenser plate;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the temperature-controlled condensation plate BB;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the one-way check valve body;

[0044] Figure 7 It is a side view of the one-way check valve body;

[0045] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the one-way check valve core;

[0046] Figure 9 It is a side view of the one-way check valve core;

[0047] Among them, 1-mixed gas inlet, 2-crude magnesium liquid collection area, 3-magnesium slag discharge area, 4-magnesium liquid refining area, 5-argon gas discharge area, 6-magnesium slag discharge outlet, 7-temperature-controllable condensing plate, 8-check valve I, 9-argon gas outlet piston push rod, 10-refining chamber piston push rod, 11-high-temperature resistant eccentric stirring paddle, 12-magnesium slag overflow weir, 13-condensing plate body, 14-argon gas outlet piston push rod insertion port, 15-baffle body, 16-silicon molybdenum rod insertion port, 17-check valve II, 18-refined magnesium liquid outlet, 19-current signal sensor, 20-refining agent addition port, 21-optical signal sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0049] The present invention provides an integrated condensation and refining device for continuous magnesium smelting. It comprises two functional areas: a magnesium vapor condensation system and a refining system. The magnesium vapor condensation system produces crude magnesium liquid, while the refining system is equipped with a high-temperature-resistant eccentric stirring paddle. Both systems are welded components, and the two systems are connected via two check valves located above and below the system walls. The lower check valve I draws the crude magnesium liquid into the refining chamber, while the upper check valve II discharges the refined slag into the magnesium vapor collection area.

[0050] The device provided by the present invention also includes a temperature-controllable condensation plate at the top of the crude magnesium liquid collection area. The temperature-controllable condensation plate is composed of a condensation plate body, silicon-molybdenum rods and a baffle body. The plate body of the condensation plate is a hole structure with silicon-molybdenum rod insertion openings evenly distributed corresponding to the columns of the baffle body; the silicon-molybdenum rods are located in the silicon-molybdenum rod insertion openings evenly distributed on the plate body, and are fixed in the baffle body by insertion through the silicon-molybdenum rod insertion openings. The tail of the silicon-molybdenum rod is clamped and energized by an aluminum sheet at the position where the silicon-molybdenum rod is exposed from the plate body, and then heated to 750°C~850°C to ensure that the magnesium vapor is condensed into a liquid phase.

[0051] The present invention provides an integrated condensation and refining device for continuous magnesium smelting in a relative vacuum, comprising a crude magnesium liquid collection area, a refining area, a temperature-controlled condensing plate, a refining chamber piston push rod, a one-way check valve, a high-temperature eccentric stirring paddle, a current signal sensor, and an optical signal sensing device. The temperature-controlled condensing plate body can accurately control the condensation temperature, providing favorable conditions for the condensation of magnesium vapor. The reciprocating motion of the refining chamber piston push rod combined with the one-way valve enables efficient operation of drawing molten liquid magnesium into the refining chamber and discharging refined slag into the collection chamber. The high-temperature eccentric stirring paddle is made of high-temperature resistant material, and its unique eccentric design enables thorough mixing of the crude magnesium liquid and refining agent, improving refining efficiency by 8% to 17%. The current signal sensor and optical signal sensing device monitor the height and quality changes of the magnesium liquid and refined slag in the crude magnesium liquid collection chamber and the magnesium liquid refining area, providing reliable data support for automated control.

[0052] The present invention also provides an integrated condensation and refining method for continuous magnesium smelting in relative vacuum, which is implemented using the above-mentioned device and includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Mix magnesium-containing ore (including but not limited to dolomite and magnesite), reducing agent (including but not limited to ferrosilicon, aluminum chips, biochar), and flux (including but not limited to fluorite and CaF2 reagent) in proportion to form pellets to obtain pellets; when the reducing agent is ferrosilicon, the set ratio is dolomite: magnesite: reducing agent: flux = (6.0~6.6): (6.4~6.6): (1.4~1.8): (0.2~0.6).

[0054] In step 2, the prepared pellets are sent to a reduction tank for an integrated calcination-reduction operation. With the help of a flowing carrier gas, the magnesium vapor generated by the reduction is allowed to enter the condenser through a high-temperature resistant alloy pipe with a total of five layers from the inside to the outside (in order, an inner layer of a high-temperature resistant alloy pipe, a refractory cement layer, a coating layer of crushed refractory brick filler, an asbestos insulation layer, and an outer layer of a high-temperature resistant alloy pipe).

[0055] In step 3, magnesium vapor enters the condenser through a check valve, condenses into liquid magnesium on the surface of a temperature-controlled condensing plate maintained at a surface temperature of 750°C to 850°C, and then drips into the crude magnesium liquid collection area below for collection to obtain crude magnesium liquid and covering slag.

[0056] In step 4, when the crude magnesium liquid and the covering slag reach 5% to 15% of the total height of the condensation system, the piston push rod in the refining chamber moves upward, drawing the molten liquid magnesium into the refining chamber and automatically adding the refining agent. After the refining agent is added, the crude magnesium liquid and the refining agent are allowed to stand for 1 to 10 seconds. Then, a high-temperature resistant eccentric stirring paddle is used to mix and stir the crude magnesium liquid and the refining agent for 10 to 20 minutes to obtain refined magnesium liquid and refined slag.

[0057] In step 5, when the height of the refined magnesium liquid and refined slag in the refining chamber reaches 85% to 90% of the total height of the magnesium liquid refining zone set by the optical signal sensor, the refining chamber piston push rod moves downward, discharging the refined slag through the upper check valve II into the crude magnesium liquid collection chamber. When the total mass of the refined magnesium liquid and refined slag in the refining chamber reaches 7% to 17% of the raw material mass, the refining chamber piston push rod stops circulating. The refined magnesium liquid is discharged from the refined magnesium liquid outlet, and the refined slag enters the crude magnesium liquid collection zone. In the crude magnesium liquid collection zone, as magnesium vapor continues to condense into liquid magnesium and drip into the crude magnesium liquid, the covering slag on top of the crude magnesium liquid overflows the magnesium slag overflow weir, which is 5% to 15% of the total condenser height, and is discharged from the magnesium slag outlet. When the current signal sensor at the bottom of the collection chamber indicates that the mass of the crude magnesium liquid and covering slag reaches 7% to 17% of the raw material mass, the refining chamber piston push rod restarts circulating, repeating the above refining process.

[0058] The magnesium ore used in the present invention includes at least dolomite and magnesite, and may also include one or more of magnesisite, carnallite, olivine, etc.

[0059] The refining agent of the present invention is composed of a basic flux and an additive, wherein the additive is CaF2 or sulfur. When the additive is CaF2, the refining agent is composed of 90%-94% of the basic flux and 6%-10% of CaF2; when the additive is sulfur, the refining agent is composed of 75%-80% of the basic flux and 20%-25% of sulfur. The composition of the basic flux is, by mass percentage, 35%-41% of MgCl2, 34%-40% of KCl, 5%-11% of NaCl, 6%-12% of BaCl2, and MgO ≤2%.

[0060] Furthermore, in step 1, magnesium-containing ore is widely available, and different proportions of dolomite and magnesite can be selected according to actual conditions, and appropriate proportions of reducing agents and fluxes can be used to meet process requirements.

[0061] Furthermore, in step 2, the design of the reduction tank and the high-temperature resistant alloy pipeline can ensure stable operation under high temperature and relative vacuum environment, effectively reducing heat loss and magnesium vapor leakage.

[0062] Furthermore, in step 3, the temperature-controllable condensation plate realizes precise temperature control through the built-in silicon-molybdenum rod, and the bottom curved condensation plate shell structure design is conducive to the smooth dripping and collection of liquid magnesium.

[0063] The amount of refining agent added and the stirring time can be fine-tuned according to the specific composition and quality requirements of the crude magnesium liquid to achieve the best refining effect.

[0064] Furthermore, in step 5, the height sensing device and the current signal sensor work in coordination to achieve automated control of the refining process, thereby improving production efficiency and the stability of product quality.

[0065] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0066] Example 1:

[0067] This embodiment provides an integrated condensation and refining device for continuous magnesium smelting, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a refining system and a condensing system. The refining system and the condensing system are adjacent and connected through a check valve II 17 located above the system wall and a check valve I 8 located at the bottom of the system wall. The condensing system includes a condensing zone, a crude magnesium liquid collection zone 2, a magnesium slag discharge zone 3, and an argon gas discharge zone 5. The refining system includes a magnesium liquid refining zone 4 and a system pressure control zone, which is located above the magnesium liquid refining zone.

[0068] The crude magnesium liquid collection area 2 is located at the bottom of the condensation system, the condensation area is located directly above the crude magnesium liquid collection area 2, and the magnesium slag collection area and the crude magnesium liquid collection area 2 are separated by a magnesium slag overflow weir 12; an argon gas discharge area 5 is provided above the magnesium slag discharge area 3; and a mixed gas inlet 1 is provided at a position opposite to the argon gas discharge area 5.

[0069] The bottom of the magnesium liquid refining zone is provided with a refining chamber and a high-temperature resistant eccentric stirring paddle 11, which is inserted obliquely into the refining chamber from the side wall of the refining chamber; a check valve I 8 and a refined magnesium liquid outlet 18 are respectively provided at opposite positions at the bottom of the refining chamber; a refining chamber piston push rod 10 is provided in the system pressure control zone, a refining agent addition port 20 is provided at the bottom center of the refining chamber piston push rod 10, and an optical signal sensor 21 is provided above the refining agent addition port 20; the bottom of the system pressure control zone is higher than the check valve II 17. Check valve I 8 and check valve II 17 are check valves of the same structure, such as Figures 6-9 shown.

[0070] A current signal sensor 19 is provided above the check valve I 8 on the side close to the crude magnesium liquid collection area.

[0071] The condensation zone is provided with a temperature-controllable condensation plate 7, which is fixed to the condenser shell by welding; the temperature-controllable condensation plate 7 is as follows Figure 2 As shown, it includes a condensation plate body 13, a baffle body 15 and a silicon molybdenum rod. Figures 3-5As shown, three baffle bodies 15 are staggered perpendicular to the condensing plate body 13, and the magnesium vapor is fluidized and passes through the baffle body 15; the condensing plate body 13 and each baffle body 15 are evenly arranged with 5 to 10 silicon-molybdenum rod insertion openings 16 in a single row relative to each baffle body 15, and the position of each row of silicon-molybdenum rod insertion openings 16 is opposite to the position of the baffle body 15. The silicon-molybdenum rods pass through the silicon-molybdenum rod insertion openings 16 and are fixed in the baffle body 15.

[0072] A magnesium slag discharge port 6 is provided at the bottom of the magnesium slag discharge area 3; an argon outlet piston push rod 9 is provided in the argon discharge area 5 through a piston push rod insertion port 14 at the argon outlet.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, in the integrated condensation and refining device for continuous magnesium smelting in a relative vacuum according to the present invention, the condenser body is composed of a crude magnesium liquid collection area 2, a magnesium slag discharge area 3, and a magnesium liquid refining area 4. The magnesium liquid refining area 4 is made of a high-temperature resistant, low-thermal-conductivity material, which can effectively reduce heat loss. A magnesium slag overflow weir 12 is installed between the crude magnesium liquid collection area 2 and the magnesium slag discharge area 3 to separate the crude magnesium liquid from the slag phase. This component can effectively prevent the crude magnesium liquid from entering the magnesium slag discharge area 3.

[0074] In this embodiment, a mixed gas inlet 1 is provided at the top of the condensation system. Its position is precisely designed to ensure that magnesium vapor can evenly enter the condenser. The temperature-controlled condenser plate is fixed in a suitable position inside the condensation system by a bracket, and its surface temperature can be accurately controlled at 750°C-850°C.

[0075] The crude magnesium liquid collection chamber 2 is located below the temperature-controlled condenser plate 7. A current signal sensor 19 is installed at the bottom of the crude magnesium liquid collection chamber 2 to monitor the quality of the magnesium liquid and covering slag in real time. The left side of the crude magnesium liquid collection chamber 2 is connected to the refining chamber piston push rod 10. When the magnesium liquid and covering slag reach 5% of the total height of the condenser, the refining chamber piston push rod 10 moves upward, drawing the molten liquid magnesium into the magnesium liquid refining zone 4.

[0076] The magnesium liquid refining zone 4 is located on one side of the collection chamber and is equipped with a high-temperature resistant eccentric stirring paddle 11. When molten magnesium enters the refining zone 4, a refining agent is automatically added. One second after the refining agent is added, the high-temperature resistant eccentric stirring paddle 11 begins stirring for 10 minutes. An optical signal sensor 21 is located above the refining agent inlet 20. When the magnesium liquid and the covering slag reach 5% of the total height of the condenser, the refining chamber piston push rod 10 moves downward, discharging the refined slag through the upper check valve II into the crude magnesium liquid collection zone 2.

[0077] This embodiment also provides an integrated condensation and refining method for continuous magnesium smelting in relative vacuum, which is implemented using the above-mentioned device and includes the following steps:

[0078] Step 1: mixing magnesium-containing raw ore dolomite and magnesite, reducing agent aluminum chips, and flux fluorite in a mass ratio of 6:6.6:1.8:0.6 to obtain pellets;

[0079] Step 2: The pellets are sent to a reduction tank and calcined at 1000℃ for 1 hour, then heated to 1300℃ for 1 hour for integrated operation to generate magnesium vapor. 3 Argon is introduced into the reduction tank at a flow rate of / h, and the mixed gas of magnesium vapor and argon enters the condensation system through a high-temperature resistant alloy pipe;

[0080] Step 3: Control the temperature of the temperature-controlled condensing plate 7 to be 750° C. to 850° C., and the magnesium vapor condenses into liquid magnesium on the surface of the temperature-controlled condensing plate 7 and drips into the crude magnesium liquid collecting chamber 2 below for collection, thereby obtaining crude magnesium liquid and covering slag;

[0081] Step 4: When the height of the magnesium liquid and the covering slag in the crude magnesium liquid collection chamber 2 reaches 5% of the total height of the condensation system, the piston push rod 10 in the refining chamber moves upward to suck the magnesium liquid into the magnesium liquid refining area 4, and automatically adds the refining agent; after standing for 1 second, the high-temperature resistant eccentric stirring paddle mixes the crude magnesium liquid and the refining agent for 10 minutes to obtain refined magnesium liquid and refined slag;

[0082] Step 5: When the height of the refined magnesium liquid and refined slag in the magnesium liquid refining zone 4 reaches 85%-90% of the total height of the magnesium liquid refining zone, the refining chamber piston push rod 10 moves downward, and the refined slag is discharged through the upper check valve II 17 into the crude magnesium liquid collection chamber 2. When the total mass of the refined magnesium liquid and refined slag in the magnesium liquid refining zone 4 reaches 7% of the raw material mass, the refining chamber piston push rod 10 stops circulating, the refined magnesium liquid is discharged from the refined magnesium liquid outlet 18, and the refined slag enters the crude magnesium liquid collection zone 2. In the crude magnesium liquid collection zone 2, as magnesium vapor continues to condense into liquid magnesium and drip into the crude magnesium liquid, the covering slag on top of the crude magnesium liquid overflows the magnesium slag overflow weir 12 and is discharged from the magnesium slag outlet 6. When the current signal sensor 19 indicates that the mass of the crude magnesium liquid and covering slag reaches 7%-17% of the raw material mass, the refining chamber piston push rod 10 resumes circulating, and the above refining process is repeated. This improves magnesium production efficiency by 8%, reducing production costs.

[0083] Example 2:

[0084] The device structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:

[0085] A guide device is added to the mixed gas inlet 1 of the condenser, which can guide the magnesium vapor to enter the condensation system at a specific angle and speed, so that the condensation of the magnesium vapor on the temperature-controlled condensation plate 7 is more uniform.

[0086] A flow control valve is installed on the check valve I 8 and check valve II 17 between the collection chamber and the refining chamber to accurately control the flow of magnesium liquid entering the refining chamber according to actual production conditions. When the optical signal sensor 21 at the bottom of the crude magnesium liquid collection chamber 2 and the top of the magnesium slag overflow weir 12 detects that the magnesium liquid and the covering slag have reached 8% of the total height of the condensation system, the refining chamber piston push rod 10 starts to suck the molten liquid magnesium into the magnesium liquid refining zone 4. At this time, the refining agent addition time is adjusted to 3 seconds, and the high-temperature resistant eccentric stirring paddle 11 stirring time is 12 minutes to adapt to different production needs.

[0087] When the height of the refined magnesium and refined slag in the magnesium liquid refining chamber 4 reaches 6% of the total refining chamber height, the refining chamber piston push rod 10 begins to discharge the refined slag into the collection chamber. Through these adjustments, the condensation refining process has been further optimized, and production efficiency has increased by 8%-17%.

[0088] Example 3:

[0089] In this embodiment, the device is improved as follows:

[0090] The material of the temperature-controlled condenser plate 7 has been upgraded to a new alloy material that is resistant to high temperatures, highly thermally conductive, and has excellent corrosion resistance. This material not only enables more efficient condensation of magnesium vapor, but also extends the service life of the condenser plate.

[0091] The current signal sensor 19 at the bottom of the crude magnesium liquid collection chamber 2 uses a high-precision, high-sensitivity model, capable of more accurately monitoring the mass changes of the crude magnesium liquid and the covering slag. When the current signal sensor 19 at the bottom of the crude magnesium liquid collection chamber 2 indicates that the mass of the crude magnesium liquid and the covering slag reaches 7% of the raw material mass, the refining chamber piston push rod 10 starts the circulation operation.

[0092] In the magnesium liquid refining zone 4, the structure of the high-temperature resistant eccentric stirring paddle 11 has been optimized, with the number and angle of the blades increased to achieve better stirring. The refining agent is added for 5 seconds and the stirring time is 14 minutes, ensuring that the crude magnesium liquid and the refining agent are fully mixed, further improving the refining effect and obtaining higher-purity refined magnesium.

[0093] Example 4:

[0094] This embodiment mainly optimizes the automatic control part of the device:

[0095] The entire facility features a highly advanced integrated automation system. This system, employing intelligent algorithms, automatically adjusts the operating parameters of various components based on data from various sensors in the collection and refining chambers. For example, the temperature of the temperature-controlled condenser plate (7) is automatically adjusted based on the flow and temperature of the magnesium vapor. Furthermore, the movement of the piston push rod in the refining chamber, as well as the amount of refining agent added, is precisely controlled based on the height and mass of the magnesium liquid and covering slag in the collection chamber.

[0096] During the condensation process, when the magnesium vapor flow rate is high, the automated integrated system automatically increases the cooling efficiency of the condensing plate to ensure timely condensation of the magnesium vapor. During the refining process, if the impurity content in the crude magnesium liquid exceeds 7%, the system automatically increases the amount of refining agent added and the stirring time. These intelligent controls further improve production stability and product quality.

[0097] When the height sensors at the bottom of the collection chamber and above the overflow weir detect that the magnesium liquid and covering slag have reached 12% of the total condenser height, the refining chamber piston push rod draws molten magnesium into the refining chamber. Refining agent is added for 7 seconds, and the stirring time is 16 minutes. When the height of the refined magnesium liquid and refined slag in the refining chamber reaches 8% of the total refining chamber height, the refining chamber piston push rod discharges the refined slag. When the total mass of the refined magnesium liquid and refined slag in the refining chamber reaches 10% of the raw material mass, the refining chamber piston push rod stops circulating.

[0098] Example 5:

[0099] This embodiment partially adjusts the overall structure of the device:

[0100] The location of the collection and refining chambers has been optimized, bringing them closer together. This reduces heat loss and time consumption during magnesium liquid transportation. Furthermore, the check valves I8 and II17 connecting the collection and refining chambers have been thickened and insulated to further reduce heat loss.

[0101] A gas recovery device is added to the top of the condenser to collect uncondensed magnesium vapor and other gases. After treatment, these gases can be returned to the production process, improving resource utilization.

[0102] An auxiliary heating device has been added to the magnesium liquid refining zone 4. This device automatically starts when the temperature needs to be increased to promote the refining reaction during the refining process. When the current signal sensor 19 at the bottom of the crude magnesium liquid collecting chamber 2 indicates that the mass of the crude magnesium liquid and the covering slag reaches 17% of the raw material mass, the refining chamber piston push rod 10 starts the circulation operation. At this time, the refining agent is added for 10 seconds, and the stirring time is 20 minutes. When the height of the refined magnesium liquid and the refined slag in the magnesium liquid refining zone 4 reaches 10% of the total refining system height, the refining chamber piston push rod 10 discharges the refined slag. When the total mass of the refined magnesium liquid and the refined slag in the magnesium liquid refining zone 4 reaches 15% of the raw material mass, the refining chamber piston push rod 10 stops the circulation operation. Through these improvements, production efficiency has been further improved by 8%-17% and production costs have been reduced by 7%-9%.

Claims

1. A condensation and refining integrated device for continuous magnesium smelting, characterized in that: It includes a refining system and a condensing system. The refining system is adjacent to the condensing system and is connected through a check valve II arranged above the system wall and a check valve I arranged at the bottom of the system wall.

2. The integrated condensation and refining device for continuous magnesium smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensation system includes a condensation area, a crude magnesium liquid collection area, a magnesium slag discharge area, and an argon gas discharge area; the crude magnesium liquid collection area is located at the bottom of the condensation system, the condensation area is located directly above the crude magnesium liquid collection area, and the magnesium slag collection area and the crude magnesium liquid collection area are separated by a magnesium slag overflow weir; an argon gas discharge area is provided above the magnesium slag discharge area; and a mixed gas inlet is provided at a position opposite to the argon gas discharge area; The refining system comprises a magnesium liquid refining zone and a system pressure control zone, and the system pressure control zone is arranged above the magnesium liquid refining zone.

3. The integrated condensation and refining device for continuous magnesium smelting according to claim 2, characterized in that: A refining chamber and a high-temperature resistant eccentric stirring paddle are provided at the bottom of the magnesium liquid refining zone, and the high-temperature resistant eccentric stirring paddle is obliquely inserted into the refining chamber from the side wall of the refining chamber; a check valve I and a refined magnesium liquid outlet are respectively provided at relative positions at the bottom of the refining chamber; a refining chamber piston push rod is provided in the system pressure control zone, a refining agent addition port is provided at the center of the bottom of the refining chamber piston push rod, and an optical signal sensor is provided above the refining agent addition port; the bottom of the system pressure control zone is higher than the check valve II.

4. The integrated condensation and refining device for continuous magnesium smelting according to claim 3, characterized in that: A current signal sensor is provided above the check valve I on the side close to the crude magnesium liquid collection area; Check valve I and check valve II are one-way check valves with the same structure.

5. The integrated condensation and refining device for continuous magnesium smelting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The condensation zone is provided with a temperature-controllable condensation plate, which is fixed to the condenser shell by welding.

6. The integrated condensation and refining device for continuous magnesium smelting according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature-controllable condensing plate includes a condensing plate body, a baffle body and silicon-molybdenum rods; three baffle bodies are staggered perpendicular to the condensing plate body, and 5 to 10 silicon-molybdenum rod insertion openings are evenly arranged in a single row relative to the condensing plate body and each baffle body. The silicon-molybdenum rods pass through the silicon-molybdenum rod insertion openings and are fixed in the baffle body.

7. The integrated condensation and refining device for continuous magnesium smelting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the magnesium slag discharge area is provided with a magnesium slag discharge port; the argon discharge area is provided with an argon outlet piston push rod through the piston push rod insertion port at the argon outlet.

8. The integrated condensation and refining device for continuous magnesium smelting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the magnesium slag overflow weir is 5% to 15% of the overall height of the condenser.

9. A method for integrating condensation and refining for continuous magnesium smelting in relative vacuum, implemented by the device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Mix the magnesium-containing ore, reducing agent and flux according to a set mass ratio to obtain pellets; Step 2: The pellets are sent to a reduction tank for calcination and reduction to generate magnesium vapor. A carrier gas is introduced into the reduction tank, and the magnesium vapor enters the condenser through a high-temperature resistant alloy pipe. Step 3: The magnesium vapor condenses into liquid magnesium on the surface of the temperature-controlled condensation plate and drips into the crude magnesium liquid collection chamber below for collection, obtaining crude magnesium liquid and covering slag; Step 4: When the height of the magnesium liquid and the covering slag in the crude magnesium liquid collection chamber reaches 5% to 15% of the total height of the condensation system, the piston push rod of the refining chamber moves upward to suck the magnesium liquid into the magnesium liquid refining area and automatically add refining agent; after standing, the high-temperature resistant eccentric stirring paddle mixes and stirs the crude magnesium liquid with the refining agent to obtain refined magnesium liquid and refined slag; Step 5: When the height of the refined magnesium liquid and refined slag in the magnesium liquid refining zone reaches 85% to 90% of the total height of the magnesium liquid refining zone, the refining chamber piston push rod moves downward, and the refined slag is discharged from the upper check valve II to the crude magnesium liquid collection chamber; when the total mass of the refined magnesium liquid and refined slag in the magnesium liquid refining zone reaches 7% to 17% of the raw material mass, the refining chamber piston push rod stops circulating, the refined magnesium liquid is discharged from the refined magnesium liquid discharge port, and the refined slag enters the crude magnesium liquid collection zone; in the crude magnesium liquid collection zone, as magnesium vapor continues to condense into liquid magnesium and drips into the crude magnesium liquid, the covering slag on the top of the crude magnesium liquid overflows the magnesium slag overflow weir and is discharged from the magnesium slag discharge port; when the current signal sensor indicates that the mass of the crude magnesium liquid and covering slag reaches 7% to 17% of the raw material mass, the refining chamber piston push rod starts circulating, and the above refining process is repeated.

10. The method for integrating condensation and refining for continuous magnesium smelting in relative vacuum according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 4, when the height of the magnesium liquid and the covering slag in the crude magnesium liquid collection area reaches 5% to 15% of the overall height of the condenser, the piston push rod of the refining chamber moves upward, and the crude magnesium liquid in the condenser is sucked into the magnesium liquid refining area through the check valve I; when the crude magnesium liquid is sucked into the refining chamber, the valve core of the check valve I is in an open state, the current signal sensor is interrupted, and the refining agent is added to the magnesium liquid refining area through the refining agent addition port; at the same time, the optical signal sensor adjusts the high-temperature resistant eccentric stirring paddle to start working and refining is carried out.

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