Ammonia hydrogen engine system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of new energy power systems, and provides an ammonia-hydrogen engine system, which comprises an ammonia-hydrogen engine, an ammonia tank, an ammonia supply pipeline and a reformed gas supply pipeline, the ammonia-hydrogen engine is provided with an ammonia gas inlet and a reformed gas inlet; the first end of the ammonia supply pipeline is connected with the ammonia tank, the second end of the ammonia supply pipeline is connected with the ammonia gas inlet, at least a first control valve is arranged on the ammonia supply pipeline, and the first control valve controls the on-off of the ammonia supply pipeline; the first end of the reformed gas supply pipeline is connected with the ammonia tank, the second end of the reformed gas supply pipeline is connected with the reformed gas inlet of the ammonia-hydrogen engine, at least a second control valve and a thermoelectric reformer are arranged on the reformed gas supply pipeline, the second control valve controls the on-off of the reformed gas supply pipeline, and the thermoelectric reformer performs thermal cracking on ammonia fuel. In this way, hydrogen is obtained by reforming ammonia, and the ammonia-hydrogen engine is provided with hydrogen, only an ammonia tank needs to be equipped, the setting of a hydrogen cylinder is avoided, and the problem that the ammonia-hydrogen engine needs to be equipped with an ammonia tank hydrogen cylinder in the related art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy power system technology, and in particular to an ammonia-hydrogen engine system. Background Technology

[0002] Some engines use ammonia as fuel, but ammonia has poor combustion characteristics, is difficult to ignite, and has a slow combustion rate. This leads to problems such as unstable combustion and low efficiency in traditional ignition-based engines using ammonia. To improve the combustion efficiency of ammonia, hydrogen is usually used to assist combustion. Hydrogen's high combustion rate accelerates flame propagation and improves combustion stability.

[0003] However, due to the addition of hydrogen, an additional hydrogen supply system, such as a hydrogen cylinder, needs to be installed on top of the ammonia tank. The hydrogen cylinder takes up a lot of space, has high storage pressure, and poses safety hazards.

[0004] Therefore, how to solve the problem of equipping ammonia-hydrogen engines with both ammonia tanks and hydrogen cylinders in related technologies has become an important technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an ammonia-hydrogen engine system to address the shortcomings of related technologies that require both ammonia tanks and hydrogen cylinders to be equipped with ammonia-hydrogen engines.

[0006] This invention provides an ammonia-hydrogen engine system, comprising:

[0007] The ammonia-hydrogen engine has both an ammonia inlet and a modified gas inlet.

[0008] Ammonia tanks are suitable for storing ammonia fuel.

[0009] An ammonia supply pipeline, wherein a first end of the ammonia supply pipeline is connected to the ammonia tank, and a second end of the ammonia supply pipeline is connected to the ammonia inlet of the ammonia-hydrogen engine, and at least a first control valve is provided on the ammonia supply pipeline, the first control valve being adapted to control the on / off state of the ammonia supply pipeline;

[0010] A modified gas supply pipeline is provided, with its first end connected to the ammonia tank and its second end connected to the modified gas inlet of the ammonia-hydrogen engine. The modified gas supply pipeline is equipped with at least a second control valve and a thermoelectric converter. The second control valve is adapted to control the on / off state of the modified gas supply pipeline, and the thermoelectric converter is adapted to thermally crack the ammonia fuel.

[0011] According to an ammonia-hydrogen engine system provided by the present invention, the thermoelectric converter includes:

[0012] The cylinder has an air inlet on its first end sidewall and an open second end. The modified gas supply pipeline includes an upstream pipeline and a downstream pipeline. The first end of the upstream pipeline is the first end of the modified gas supply pipeline, and the second end of the upstream pipeline is connected to the air inlet of the cylinder. The first end of the downstream pipeline is connected to the second end of the cylinder, and the second end of the downstream pipeline is the second end of the modified gas supply pipeline.

[0013] A heating mechanism, at least the heating end of the heating mechanism is disposed inside the cylinder, the heating mechanism is adapted to heat the ammonia fuel inside the cylinder, and the electrical connection end of the heating mechanism is adapted to be connected to a power source.

[0014] According to an ammonia-hydrogen engine system provided by the present invention, the heating mechanism has an external rod-shaped structure, and the portion of the heating mechanism located inside the cylinder has a gap between it and the inner wall of the cylinder, the gap being connected to the air inlet at the first end of the cylinder;

[0015] The heating end of the heating mechanism is provided with an annular cavity, the end of the annular cavity penetrates the end face of the heating end of the heating mechanism, and the side wall of the annular cavity is provided with a connecting hole, the connecting hole connecting the annular cavity and the gap.

[0016] According to an ammonia-hydrogen engine system provided by the present invention, the sidewalls of the annular cavity are adapted to be coated with a catalyst.

[0017] According to an ammonia-hydrogen engine system provided by the present invention, a discharge hole is provided on the second end sidewall of the cylinder, and at least two discharge holes are provided, with each discharge hole being distributed at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder.

[0018] The second end of the cylinder extends into the interior of the first end of the downstream pipeline, and the second end of the cylinder is detachably connected to the first end of the downstream pipeline.

[0019] According to an ammonia-hydrogen engine system provided by the present invention, a first pressure regulating valve is further provided on the ammonia supply pipeline, the first pressure regulating valve being adapted to regulate the pressure of ammonia fuel in the ammonia supply pipeline to a first pressure range.

[0020] The modified gas supply pipeline is also equipped with a second pressure regulating valve and a third pressure regulating valve. The second pressure regulating valve is located upstream of the thermoelectric converter and is adapted to regulate the pressure of ammonia fuel in the modified gas supply pipeline to a second pressure range. The third pressure regulating valve is located downstream of the thermoelectric converter and is adapted to regulate the pressure of modified gas in the modified gas supply pipeline to a third pressure range.

[0021] According to an ammonia-hydrogen engine system provided by the present invention, a first flow regulating valve is further provided on the ammonia supply pipeline, the first flow regulating valve being adapted to regulate the flow rate of ammonia fuel in the ammonia supply pipeline;

[0022] The modified gas supply pipeline is also equipped with a second flow regulating valve and a third flow regulating valve. The second flow regulating valve is located upstream of the thermoelectric converter and is adapted to regulate the flow rate of ammonia fuel in the modified gas supply pipeline. The third flow regulating valve is located downstream of the thermoelectric converter and is adapted to regulate the flow rate of modified gas in the modified gas supply pipeline.

[0023] According to the present invention, an ammonia-hydrogen engine system is provided, wherein the ammonia-hydrogen engine comprises:

[0024] A cylinder has a main combustion chamber, a jet chamber, an intake manifold, an exhaust manifold, an intake valve, and an exhaust valve. The intake manifold and the exhaust manifold are both connected to the main combustion chamber. The intake valve is located at one end of the intake manifold near the main combustion chamber, and the exhaust valve is located at one end of the exhaust manifold near the main combustion chamber. The jet chamber is located at the top of the main combustion chamber, and a jet hole is provided between the jet chamber and the main combustion chamber.

[0025] The piston is reciprocally slidably disposed in the main combustion chamber;

[0026] An ammonia injector is installed in the air intake duct, with its inlet end serving as the ammonia gas inlet of the ammonia-hydrogen engine, and its outlet end located inside the air intake duct.

[0027] A modified gas injector is disposed in the jet chamber. The inlet end of the modified gas injector serves as the modified gas inlet of the ammonia-hydrogen engine, and the outlet end of the modified gas injector is located inside the jet chamber.

[0028] An igniter is disposed in the jet chamber, and the igniter is adapted to ignite the modified gas in the jet chamber.

[0029] According to an ammonia-hydrogen engine system provided by the present invention, the ammonia fuel in the ammonia supply pipeline is liquid, and a booster pump is also provided on the ammonia supply pipeline, the booster pump being adapted to increase the pressure of the ammonia fuel in the ammonia supply pipeline.

[0030] According to the ammonia-hydrogen engine system provided by the present invention, it further includes:

[0031] The control device includes the ammonia-hydrogen engine, the first control valve, the second control valve, and the thermoelectric converter, all of which are electrically connected to the control device.

[0032] The ammonia-hydrogen engine system provided by this invention includes an ammonia-hydrogen engine, an ammonia tank, an ammonia supply pipeline, and a modified gas supply pipeline. The ammonia-hydrogen engine has an ammonia inlet and a modified gas inlet. The ammonia tank is used to store ammonia fuel. The first end of both the ammonia supply pipeline and the first end of the modified gas supply pipeline are connected to the ammonia tank, which can supply ammonia fuel to both pipelines. The second end of the ammonia supply pipeline is connected to the ammonia inlet of the ammonia-hydrogen engine. At least one first control valve is provided on the ammonia supply pipeline to control the on / off state of the pipeline. By controlling the first control valve, the ammonia fuel supply to the ammonia-hydrogen engine can be controlled. The second end of the modified gas supply pipeline is connected to the modified gas inlet of the ammonia-hydrogen engine. At least one second control valve and a thermoelectric converter are provided on the modified gas supply pipeline. The thermoelectric converter can thermally decompose the ammonia fuel, producing nitrogen and hydrogen. The nitrogen, hydrogen, and undecomposed ammonia are referred to as modified gas. The second control valve controls the on / off state of the reforming gas supply pipeline. By controlling the second control valve and the thermoelectric converter, the supply of reforming gas to the ammonia-hydrogen engine can be controlled. This setup utilizes the thermoelectric converter to crack ammonia fuel to obtain hydrogen, thereby supplying hydrogen to the ammonia-hydrogen engine. The thermoelectric converter uses ammonia fuel as its fuel source and can share an ammonia tank with the ammonia supply pipeline, avoiding hydrogen storage and the need for separate hydrogen cylinders. This solves the problem in related technologies where ammonia-hydrogen engines require both ammonia tanks and hydrogen cylinders. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ammonia-hydrogen engine system provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of point X in the middle.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the thermoelectric modifier provided by the present invention from one perspective.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the thermoelectric modifier provided by the present invention from another perspective.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the thermoelectric converter provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure label:

[0040] 1. Ammonia tank; 2. Ammonia supply pipeline; 3. First control valve; 4. Modified gas supply pipeline; 5. Second control valve; 6. Thermoelectric converter; 7. Cylinder; 8. Air inlet; 9. Heating mechanism; 10. Annular cavity; 11. Connecting hole; 12. Discharge hole; 13. First pressure regulating valve; 14. Second pressure regulating valve; 15. Third pressure regulating valve; 16. Control device; 17. Power supply; 18. Annular gap; 19. Cylinder; 20. Main combustion chamber; 21. Jet chamber; 22. Air inlet; 23. Exhaust duct; 24. Inlet valve; 25. Exhaust valve; 26. Piston; 27. Ammonia injector; 28. Modified gas injector; 29. ​​Ignition device. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0042] The following is combined Figures 1 to 5 The ammonia-hydrogen engine system of the present invention is described.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the ammonia-hydrogen engine system provided in this embodiment of the invention includes an ammonia-hydrogen engine, an ammonia tank 1, an ammonia supply pipeline 2, and a modified gas supply pipeline 4.

[0044] Specifically, the ammonia-hydrogen engine has an ammonia inlet and a modified gas inlet. Ammonia tank 1 is used to store ammonia fuel.

[0045] The first end of the ammonia supply pipeline 2 and the first end of the modified gas supply pipeline 4 are both connected to the ammonia tank 1. The ammonia tank 1 can supply ammonia fuel to the ammonia supply pipeline 2 and the modified gas supply pipeline 4 respectively.

[0046] The second end of the ammonia supply line 2 is connected to the ammonia inlet of the ammonia-hydrogen engine. At least one first control valve 3 is installed on the ammonia supply line 2, which is used to control the opening and closing of the ammonia supply line 2. By controlling the first control valve 3, the ammonia fuel supply to the ammonia-hydrogen engine can be controlled.

[0047] The second end of the modified gas supply line 4 is connected to the modified gas inlet of the ammonia-hydrogen engine. The modified gas supply line 4 is equipped with at least a second control valve 5 and a thermoelectric converter 6. The thermoelectric converter 6 can thermally crack ammonia fuel, producing nitrogen and hydrogen. Nitrogen, hydrogen, and uncracked ammonia are collectively referred to as modified gas. The second control valve 5 controls the on / off state of the modified gas supply line 4. By controlling the second control valve 5 and the thermoelectric converter 6, the modified gas supply to the ammonia-hydrogen engine can be controlled.

[0048] This setup utilizes the thermoelectric converter 6 to crack ammonia fuel to obtain hydrogen, thereby supplying hydrogen to the ammonia-hydrogen engine. The thermoelectric converter 6 uses ammonia fuel as its fuel source and can share the ammonia tank 1 with the ammonia supply pipeline 2, avoiding the need for hydrogen storage and the separate hydrogen cylinder. This solves the problem in related technologies where the ammonia-hydrogen engine requires both an ammonia tank and a hydrogen cylinder.

[0049] It should be noted that, according to the chemical equation for the thermal cracking of ammonia fuel, 2NH3→N2+3H2, two volumes of ammonia fuel can decompose into one volume of nitrogen and three volumes of hydrogen, doubling the volume. This achieves self-pressurization of the gas in the reforming gas supply line 4, eliminating the need for a booster pump in the reforming gas supply line 4, reducing the number of components, further reducing the size of the ammonia-hydrogen engine system, improving the system's compactness, and meeting the needs of miniaturized applications such as vehicles.

[0050] The first control valve 3 and the second control valve 5 mentioned above can be shut-off valves.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, the thermoelectric converter 6 includes a cylinder 7 and a heating mechanism 9.

[0052] An air inlet 8 is provided on the first end sidewall of the cylinder 7, and the second end of the cylinder 7 is open. The reforming gas supply pipeline 4 includes an upstream pipeline and a downstream pipeline. The first end of the upstream pipeline is the first end of the reforming gas supply pipeline 4 and is connected to the ammonia tank 1. The second end of the upstream pipeline is connected to the air inlet 8 of the cylinder 7. The first end of the downstream pipeline is connected to the second end of the cylinder 7, and the second end of the downstream pipeline is the second end of the reforming gas supply pipeline 4. The second end of the downstream pipeline is connected to the reforming gas inlet of the ammonia-hydrogen engine.

[0053] When ammonia tank 1 supplies ammonia fuel to the reforming gas supply pipeline 4, the ammonia fuel passes through the upstream pipeline, the cylinder 7 and the downstream pipeline in sequence.

[0054] The heating mechanism 9 has a heating end and an electrical connection end, with at least the heating end of the heating mechanism 9 located inside the cylinder 7. The electrical connection end of the heating mechanism 9 extends to the outside of the cylinder 7, or a wire connected to the electrical connection end of the heating mechanism 9 extends to the outside of the cylinder 7 to connect to a power source 17. The power source 17 supplies power to the heating mechanism 9, and when the heating mechanism 9 is in operation, it can heat the ammonia fuel inside the cylinder 7 to achieve the thermal cracking of the ammonia fuel.

[0055] With this configuration, the heating mechanism 9 is located inside the cylinder 7, and the heating end of the heating mechanism 9 is in direct contact with the ammonia fuel inside the cylinder 7, which reduces the heat transfer process, helps to improve heating efficiency, and thus improves ammonia reforming efficiency.

[0056] The heating mechanism 9 of the thermoelectric converter 6 is suitable for a 12-volt or 24-volt power supply. When the ammonia-hydrogen engine system provided in this embodiment of the invention is applied to a vehicle, the vehicle's DC power supply can be used as the power supply 17, so that the electrical connection terminal of the heating mechanism 9 is connected to the vehicle's DC power supply without the need for additional energy input.

[0057] In this embodiment, the heating mechanism 9 has a rod-shaped external structure. The portion of the heating mechanism 9 located inside the cylinder 7 has a gap between it and the inner wall of the cylinder 7. The gap is connected to the air inlet 8 at the first end of the cylinder 7.

[0058] Specifically, the axis of the heating mechanism 9 can be aligned with the axis of the cylinder 7, forming an annular gap 18 between the outer wall of the heating mechanism 9 and the inner wall of the cylinder 7. The ammonia fuel at the air inlet 8 gradually flows to the second end of the cylinder 7 through the annular gap 18. The annular gap 18 can reduce the pressure of the ammonia fuel, which is conducive to the full contact between the ammonia fuel and the heating end of the heating mechanism 9, and helps to improve the ammonia reforming efficiency.

[0059] The heating end of the heating mechanism 9 is provided with an annular cavity 10. The axis of the annular cavity 10 is parallel to the axis of the heating mechanism 9. The end of the annular cavity 10 penetrates the end face of the heating end of the heating mechanism 9, and the side wall of the annular cavity 10 is provided with a connecting hole 11, which connects the annular cavity 10 and the gap. (Refer to...) Figure 4 .

[0060] Ammonia fuel at inlet 8 flows through annular gap 18 to the vicinity of the heating end of heating mechanism 9. Ammonia fuel around the heating end of heating mechanism 9 can then flow into annular cavity 10 through connecting hole 11. The annular cavity 10 increases the contact area between the heating end of heating mechanism 9 and ammonia fuel. The connecting hole 11 extends the flow path of ammonia fuel at the heating end of heating mechanism 9, increasing the contact time between the ammonia fuel and the heating end of heating mechanism 9, thus increasing the heating time of ammonia fuel and improving its heating temperature.

[0061] The temperature of the heating end of the heating mechanism 9 can be controlled by controlling the current or voltage supplied to the electrical connection terminal. When the temperature of the heating end of the heating mechanism 9 reaches above 600 degrees Celsius, the thermal cracking of ammonia fuel can be achieved without a catalyst, effectively avoiding the use of a catalyst and reducing the operating and maintenance costs of the thermoelectric converter 6.

[0062] In some embodiments, a catalyst can be coated on the sidewalls of the annular cavity 10 and the outer sidewall of the heating end of the heating mechanism 9. The catalyst can reduce the requirement for heating temperature. Since the heating mechanism 9 can ensure the heating effect, it can reduce the requirement for catalyst and avoid dependence on expensive precious metal catalysts such as platinum and ruthenium, which is beneficial to reducing the cost of catalyst.

[0063] In this embodiment, the heating mechanism 9 may be, but is not limited to, a glow plug. A glow plug provides high power density, rapidly reaches high temperatures in a short time, and has the advantage of rapid heating. It can directly convert electrical energy into heat energy with high energy conversion efficiency and almost no energy loss. By adjusting the current or voltage supplied to the glow plug, precise control of the heating temperature can be achieved, and a very stable temperature level can be maintained. The glow plug has a compact structure, high heating efficiency, and can quickly respond to changes in control signals, meeting the needs of dynamic adjustment. The glow plug has no moving mechanical parts, resulting in low wear, long service life, and reduced maintenance needs and costs. Furthermore, the glow plug has a simple structure, low failure rate, and stable and reliable long-term operation.

[0064] In addition, the glow plug has the advantage of being small in size, which helps to reduce the diameter of the cylinder 7 and makes it suitable for installation on pipes with smaller diameters.

[0065] In this embodiment, a discharge hole 12 is provided on the second end sidewall of the cylinder 7. At least two discharge holes 12 are provided, and each discharge hole 12 is spaced apart circumferentially along the cylinder 7. (Refer to...) Figure 3 and Figure 4 Some of the ammonia fuel and some of the reformed gas inside the thermoelectric converter 6 can also be discharged through the discharge port 12.

[0066] When connecting the thermoelectric converter 6 to the downstream pipeline, the second end of the cylinder 7 extends into the interior of the first end of the downstream pipeline, and the second end of the cylinder 7 is detachably connected to the first end of the downstream pipeline. The ammonia fuel and modified gas discharged from the open end of the second end of the cylinder 7, as well as the ammonia fuel and modified gas discharged from the discharge hole 12 on the side wall of the cylinder 7, all flow into the downstream pipeline.

[0067] It should be noted that the number and spacing of the above-mentioned discharge holes 12 should ensure the flow of ammonia fuel in the annular gap 18 into the annular cavity 10, and prevent most of the ammonia fuel in the annular gap 18 from being directly discharged through the discharge holes 12.

[0068] For the connection between the cylinder 7 and the downstream pipeline, an external thread can be provided on the outer side wall of the cylinder 7, and an internal thread can be provided on the inner side wall of the first end of the downstream pipeline. The external thread on the cylinder 7 is compatible with the internal thread at the first end of the downstream pipeline. The downstream pipeline can be connected to the thermoelectric converter 6 by screwing.

[0069] Correspondingly, an external thread can be provided on the outer side wall of the air inlet 8 at the first end of the cylinder 7, and an internal thread can be provided on the inner side wall of the second end of the upstream pipeline. The external thread at the air inlet 8 is compatible with the internal thread at the second end of the upstream pipeline, and the upstream pipeline can be connected to the thermoelectric converter 6 by screwing.

[0070] In this embodiment of the invention, a first pressure regulating valve 13 is also provided on the ammonia supply pipeline 2. The first pressure regulating valve 13 can regulate the pressure of the ammonia fuel in the ammonia supply pipeline 2 to a first pressure range so that the pressure of the ammonia fuel in the ammonia supply pipeline 2 meets the pressure requirements of the ammonia fuel for the ammonia-hydrogen engine.

[0071] A second pressure regulating valve 14 and a third pressure regulating valve 15 are also installed on the modified gas supply line 4. The second pressure regulating valve 14 is located upstream of the thermoelectric converter 6 and is used to regulate the pressure of the ammonia fuel in the modified gas supply line 4 to a second pressure range, so that the pressure of the ammonia fuel in the modified gas supply line 4 meets the pressure requirements of the thermoelectric converter 6 for ammonia fuel. The third pressure regulating valve 15 is located downstream of the thermoelectric converter 6 and is used to regulate the pressure of the modified gas in the modified gas supply line 4 to a third pressure range, so that the pressure of the modified gas in the modified gas supply line 4 meets the pressure requirements of the ammonia-hydrogen engine for modified gas.

[0072] The upper limits of the first pressure range, the second pressure range, and the third pressure range may be the same or different. Similarly, the lower limits of the first pressure range, the second pressure range, and the third pressure range may be the same or different.

[0073] In a further embodiment, a first flow regulating valve is also provided on the ammonia supply pipeline 2, which can regulate the flow rate of ammonia fuel in the ammonia supply pipeline 2. A second flow regulating valve and a third flow regulating valve are also provided on the reforming gas supply pipeline 4. The second flow regulating valve is located upstream of the thermoelectric reformer 6 and can regulate the flow rate of ammonia fuel in the reforming gas supply pipeline 4. The third flow regulating valve is located downstream of the thermoelectric reformer 6 and can regulate the flow rate of reforming gas in the reforming gas supply pipeline 4.

[0074] This configuration allows for the control of the supply flow rates of ammonia fuel and modified gas based on the power output requirements of the ammonia-hydrogen engine.

[0075] The upper limits of the first, second, and third flow control valves can be the same or different. Similarly, the lower limits of the first, second, and third flow control valves can also be the same or different.

[0076] In this embodiment of the invention, the ammonia-hydrogen engine includes a cylinder 19, a piston 26, an ammonia injector 27, a modified gas injector 28, and an igniter 29.

[0077] Cylinder 19 has a main combustion chamber 20, a jet chamber 21, an intake manifold 22, an exhaust manifold 23, an intake valve 24, and an exhaust valve 25. Piston 26 is reciprocally slidably disposed in the main combustion chamber 20.

[0078] Both the intake duct 22 and the exhaust duct 23 are connected to the main combustion chamber 20. The intake duct 22 supplies ammonia fuel and air into the main combustion chamber 20. An intake valve 24 is located at the end of the intake duct 22 closest to the main combustion chamber 20, and the supply of ammonia fuel and air to the main combustion chamber 20 can be controlled by the intake valve 24. The exhaust duct 23 supplies exhaust gases from the main combustion chamber 20 to the outside. An exhaust valve 25 is located at the end of the exhaust duct 23 closest to the main combustion chamber 20, and the exhaust valve 25 can be controlled by the exhaust gases from the main combustion chamber 20.

[0079] The jet chamber 21 is located at the top center of the main combustion chamber 20, and a jet hole is provided between the jet chamber 21 and the main combustion chamber 20.

[0080] Ammonia injector 27 is installed in the intake duct 22. The inlet end of ammonia injector 27 serves as the ammonia gas inlet for the ammonia-hydrogen engine, and the outlet end of ammonia injector 27 is located inside the intake duct 22. During the intake stroke, ammonia fuel in the ammonia supply line 2 is injected into the intake duct 22 through ammonia injector 27.

[0081] The modified gas injector 28 is disposed in the jet chamber 21. The inlet end of the modified gas injector 28 serves as the modified gas inlet for the ammonia-hydrogen engine, and the outlet end of the modified gas injector 28 is located inside the jet chamber 21. During the intake stroke or compression stroke, the modified gas in the modified gas supply line 4 is injected into the jet chamber 21 through the modified gas injector 28.

[0082] Igniter 29 is located at the top center of jet chamber 21. Igniter 29 can ignite the modified gas in jet chamber 21. The modified gas in jet chamber 21 includes hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia. When igniter 29 ignites the modified gas in jet chamber 21, it utilizes the high combustion speed of hydrogen to accelerate flame propagation speed and improve combustion stability, thereby improving combustion in jet chamber 21 and enhancing the jet effect.

[0083] By utilizing the active jet ignition strategy, combustion within the jet chamber 21 is improved, which reduces the proportion of hydrogen required for stable combustion in the ammonia-hydrogen engine. This allows the ammonia-hydrogen engine to achieve stable operation with a small proportion of hydrogen, reducing the quantity requirement of the reforming gas and thus lowering the energy required for ammonia reforming, thereby reducing the overall system energy consumption.

[0084] In some embodiments, the ammonia fuel in the ammonia supply line 2 is in a gaseous state. The gaseous ammonia fuel has a certain pressure, which can meet the pressure requirements of the ammonia-hydrogen engine for ammonia fuel. In this case, there is no need to install a booster pump in the ammonia supply line 2.

[0085] In other embodiments, the ammonia fuel in the ammonia supply line 2 is liquid and has a low pressure. In this case, a booster pump is also installed on the ammonia supply line 2 to increase the pressure of the ammonia fuel in the ammonia supply line 2 in order to meet the pressure requirements of the ammonia fuel for the ammonia-hydrogen engine.

[0086] In this embodiment of the invention, the ammonia-hydrogen engine system further includes a control device 16. The ammonia-hydrogen engine, the first control valve 3, the second control valve 5, and the thermoelectric converter 6 are all electrically connected to the control device 16 to control the operation of the ammonia-hydrogen engine as needed, and to supply ammonia fuel and modified gas to the ammonia-hydrogen engine as needed.

[0087] Specifically, the first control valve 3, the second control valve 5, the heating mechanism 9, the first pressure regulating valve 13, the second pressure regulating valve 14, the third pressure regulating valve 15, the first flow regulating valve, the second flow regulating valve, the third flow regulating valve, the intake valve 24, the exhaust valve 25, the ammonia injector 27, the modified gas injector 28, the igniter 29, and the booster pump are all electrically connected to the control device 16. The control device 16 can control the injection timing and pulse width of the ammonia injector 27 and the modified gas injector 28, as well as the ignition timing of the igniter 29.

[0088] When the ammonia-hydrogen engine system provided in this embodiment is applied to a vehicle, the vehicle's ECU electronic control unit can be used as the control device 16.

[0089] In summary, the ammonia-hydrogen engine system provided in this embodiment of the invention utilizes a thermoelectric converter 6 to crack ammonia fuel to obtain hydrogen, thereby supplying hydrogen to the ammonia-hydrogen engine. The thermoelectric converter 6 uses ammonia fuel as its fuel source and can share the ammonia tank 1 with the ammonia supply pipeline 2, avoiding the need for hydrogen storage and the installation of hydrogen cylinders. By injecting the reformed gas into the jet chamber 21, hydrogen is used to improve combustion within the jet chamber 21, enhancing the jet effect. This allows the ammonia-hydrogen engine to achieve stable operation with a small proportion of hydrogen, reducing the energy required for ammonia reforming and lowering the overall system energy consumption. Furthermore, using a glow plug as the heating mechanism 9 provides a high-temperature environment, and the heating mechanism 9 directly contacts the ammonia fuel to be reformed, causing the ammonia fuel to decompose under high temperature conditions, reducing the use of catalysts and significantly lowering operating costs. Additionally, the reformed gas supply pipeline 4 achieves self-pressurization through the decomposition of ammonia fuel, eliminating the need for a booster pump, saving space, and improving the system's compactness and efficiency. The ammonia-hydrogen engine system provided in this embodiment of the invention is small in size and can be applied to vehicle power systems.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ammonia-hydrogen engine system, characterized in that, include: The ammonia-hydrogen engine has both an ammonia inlet and a modified gas inlet. Ammonia tank (1), suitable for storing ammonia fuel; Ammonia supply pipeline (2), the first end of the ammonia supply pipeline (2) is connected to the ammonia tank (1), the second end of the ammonia supply pipeline (2) is connected to the ammonia inlet of the ammonia-hydrogen engine, and at least a first control valve (3) is provided on the ammonia supply pipeline (2), the first control valve (3) being adapted to control the opening and closing of the ammonia supply pipeline (2); A modified gas supply pipeline (4) is provided, the first end of which is connected to the ammonia tank (1), and the second end of which is connected to the modified gas inlet of the ammonia-hydrogen engine. At least a second control valve (5) and a thermoelectric converter (6) are provided on the modified gas supply pipeline (4). The second control valve (5) is adapted to control the opening and closing of the modified gas supply pipeline (4), and the thermoelectric converter (6) is adapted to thermally crack the ammonia fuel. The thermoelectric modifier (6) includes: The cylinder (7) has an air inlet (8) on the first end sidewall and an open second end. The modified gas supply pipeline (4) includes an upstream pipeline and a downstream pipeline. The first end of the upstream pipeline is the first end of the modified gas supply pipeline (4), and the second end of the upstream pipeline is connected to the air inlet (8) of the cylinder (7). The first end of the downstream pipeline is connected to the second end of the cylinder (7), and the second end of the downstream pipeline is the second end of the modified gas supply pipeline (4). Heating mechanism (9), at least the heating end of the heating mechanism (9) is disposed inside the cylinder (7), the heating mechanism (9) is adapted to heat the ammonia fuel inside the cylinder (7), and the electrical connection end of the heating mechanism (9) is adapted to connect to a power source (17). The heating mechanism (9) has a rod-shaped structure on the outside. The part of the heating mechanism (9) located inside the cylinder (7) has a gap between it and the inner wall of the cylinder (7). The gap is connected to the air inlet (8) at the first end of the cylinder (7). The heating end of the heating mechanism (9) is provided with an annular cavity (10), the end of the annular cavity (10) penetrates the end face of the heating end of the heating mechanism (9), and the side wall of the annular cavity (10) is provided with a connecting hole (11), the connecting hole (11) connects the annular cavity (10) and the gap. The second end sidewall of the cylinder (7) is provided with a discharge hole (12), and at least two discharge holes (12) are provided, with each discharge hole (12) distributed at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder (7); The second end of the cylinder (7) extends into the interior of the first end of the downstream pipeline, and the second end of the cylinder (7) is detachably connected to the first end of the downstream pipeline.

2. The ammonia-hydrogen engine system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sidewalls of the annular cavity (10) are suitable for coating with a catalyst.

3. The ammonia-hydrogen engine system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ammonia supply pipeline (2) is also provided with a first pressure regulating valve (13), which is adapted to regulate the pressure of ammonia fuel in the ammonia supply pipeline (2) to a first pressure range. The modified gas supply pipeline (4) is also equipped with a second pressure regulating valve (14) and a third pressure regulating valve (15). The second pressure regulating valve (14) is located upstream of the thermoelectric converter (6) and is adapted to regulate the pressure of ammonia fuel in the modified gas supply pipeline (4) to a second pressure range. The third pressure regulating valve (15) is located downstream of the thermoelectric converter (6) and is adapted to regulate the pressure of modified gas in the modified gas supply pipeline (4) to a third pressure range.

4. The ammonia-hydrogen engine system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ammonia supply pipeline (2) is also equipped with a first flow regulating valve, which is suitable for regulating the flow rate of ammonia fuel in the ammonia supply pipeline (2); The modified gas supply pipeline (4) is also equipped with a second flow regulating valve and a third flow regulating valve. The second flow regulating valve is located upstream of the thermoelectric converter (6) and is suitable for regulating the flow rate of ammonia fuel in the modified gas supply pipeline (4). The third flow regulating valve is located downstream of the thermoelectric converter (6) and is suitable for regulating the flow rate of modified gas in the modified gas supply pipeline (4).

5. The ammonia-hydrogen engine system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ammonia-hydrogen engine includes: The cylinder (19) has a main combustion chamber (20), a jet chamber (21), an intake passage (22), an exhaust passage (23), an intake valve (24), and an exhaust valve (25). The intake passage (22) and the exhaust passage (23) are both connected to the main combustion chamber (20). The intake valve (24) is located at one end of the intake passage (22) near the main combustion chamber (20). The exhaust valve (25) is located at one end of the exhaust passage (23) near the main combustion chamber (20). The jet chamber (21) is located at the top of the main combustion chamber (20). A jet hole is provided between the jet chamber (21) and the main combustion chamber (20). The piston (26) is reciprocally slidably disposed in the main combustion chamber (20). An ammonia injector (27) is provided in the air intake (22). The inlet end of the ammonia injector (27) serves as the ammonia gas inlet of the ammonia-hydrogen engine, and the outlet end of the ammonia injector (27) is located inside the air intake (22). A modified gas injector (28) is disposed in the jet chamber (21). The inlet end of the modified gas injector (28) serves as the modified gas inlet of the ammonia-hydrogen engine, and the outlet end of the modified gas injector (28) is located inside the jet chamber (21). An igniter (29) is disposed in the jet chamber (21), the igniter (29) being adapted to ignite the modified gas in the jet chamber (21).

6. The ammonia-hydrogen engine system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ammonia fuel in the ammonia supply pipeline (2) is liquid, and a booster pump is also provided on the ammonia supply pipeline (2), which is suitable for increasing the pressure of the ammonia fuel in the ammonia supply pipeline (2).

7. The ammonia-hydrogen engine system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Also includes: The control device (16) is electrically connected to the ammonia-hydrogen engine, the first control valve (3), the second control valve (5), and the thermoelectric converter (6).

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