Method and system for controlling the processing of a skin

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of skin processing, and particularly relates to a control method and a control system for skin processing, which comprises the following steps: S1, a tool path optimization module acquires a skin processing area, and divides the skin processing area into a plurality of sub-areas; S2, a thickness detection module detects skin thickness data of each sub-area; S3, a cutting depth control module optimizes cutting parameters of a tool according to the skin thickness data, and then the tool path optimization module generates a cutting path; and S4, a controller of a five-axis machining device processes the skin according to the cutting path. The present application solves the technical problem of skin cutting difficulty in the prior art, and realizes high-precision and high-efficiency skin processing by real-time detection of skin thickness and optimization of tool path and cutting parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of skin processing technology, and in particular to a control method and control system for skin processing. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial component of aircraft structures, the skin's machining quality directly impacts the aircraft's performance and safety. During skin machining, the unevenness of the skin thickness after the stretching process becomes a key factor affecting the accuracy of subsequent milling. Traditional machining methods struggle to achieve high-precision machining results when dealing with skins of uneven thickness.

[0003] Currently, commonly used skin machining methods include mirror milling and chemical milling. While mirror milling offers high machining accuracy, the equipment is expensive, increasing production costs for enterprises. Chemical milling has lower costs, but the process is outdated and environmentally unfriendly, generating large amounts of chemical waste and causing pollution. Furthermore, when using ordinary five-axis milling equipment, the uneven thickness of the skin after stretching means that the equipment cannot adjust the cutting depth in real time according to thickness changes, resulting in inconsistent skin thickness after machining and failing to meet the requirements of high-precision machining.

[0004] In terms of thickness measurement technology, traditional methods such as micrometer measurement suffer from problems such as large errors in manual readings and low efficiency. Although non-contact measurement technologies such as laser rangefinders have been applied in some fields, their application in skinning is not yet widespread. Regarding the issues of thickness measurement and cutting depth control in skinning, while some existing technologies offer devices for real-time detection of workpiece machining thickness, most suffer from insufficient accuracy and poor adaptability.

[0005] Therefore, developing a system that can detect skin thickness in real time and adjust the cutting depth in real time based on the detection results is of great significance for improving skin processing accuracy, reducing production costs, and reducing environmental pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in related technologies. To this end, this invention provides a control method and control system for skin machining, which solves the technical problem of difficult skin cutting in the prior art. By real-time detection of skin thickness and optimization of tool path and cutting parameters, high-precision and high-efficiency skin machining is achieved.

[0007] This invention provides a method for controlling skin processing, comprising:

[0008] S1, the toolpath optimization module obtains the skin processing area and divides the skin processing area into... Sub-regions ;

[0009] S2, The thickness detection module detects the skin thickness data of each of the sub-regions;

[0010] S3, the cutting depth control module optimizes the cutting parameters of the tool based on the skin thickness data, and then the tool path optimization module generates the cutting path;

[0011] S4, the controller of the five-axis machining equipment processes the skin according to the cutting path.

[0012] A further improvement of the skin processing control method of the present invention is that, after step S4, it further includes:

[0013] S41, During the skin processing, the thickness detection module detects the real-time thickness data of the skin. ;

[0014] S42, the cutting depth control module obtains the target machining thickness value corresponding to the current position of the tool on the skin. The actual required cutting depth is: ;

[0015] S43, Set the normal vector of the tool to the current position of the skin as follows: Then the cutting adjustment amount ;

[0016] S44, the cutting path point corresponding to the current position of the skin is... After incorporating the cutting adjustment compensation into the cutting path point, the actual cutting path point is obtained. ;

[0017] S45, the controller of the five-axis machining equipment cuts the skin according to the actual cutting path point.

[0018] A further improvement of the skin processing control method of the present invention is that step S2 specifically includes:

[0019] Get the region Thickness data at various locations Get the sub-region area Then, the skin thickness data is calculated using the following formula:

[0020]

[0021] in, Indicates the division into regions The skin thickness data.

[0022] A further improvement of the skin processing control method of the present invention is that step S3 includes:

[0023] The cutting depth control module calculates the required cutting depth of the tool based on the skin thickness data. The calculation formula is:

[0024]

[0025] Design the optimal cutting speed for each of the aforementioned sub-regions.

[0026] in, This represents the optimal cutting speed. Denotes the first constant. Represents the second constant. Indicates standard cutting parameters;

[0027] The feed rate for each of the aforementioned sub-regions is designed to be...

[0028] in, Indicates the feed rate. Represents the third constant. Represents the fourth constant. This indicates the standard feed parameters.

[0029] A further improvement of the control method for skin processing of the present invention lies in that, according to Determine several cutting path points for each of the aforementioned sub-regions. Furthermore, the toolpath optimization module based on and Plan the cutting path for each of the aforementioned sub-regions.

[0030] A control system for skin processing, the control system being configured to execute the control method described above, the control system comprising:

[0031] A toolpath optimization module, which is used to optimize the cutting path of the tool;

[0032] A thickness detection module, used to detect the thickness of the skin;

[0033] A depth-of-cutting control module, which is used to optimize the cutting parameters of the tool;

[0034] A five-axis machining equipment, comprising a worktable, motion axes, ultrasonic sensors, cutting tools, and a controller.

[0035] A further improvement of the control system for skin processing of the present invention is that the thickness detection module is a thickness detection sensor.

[0036] A further improvement of the control system for skin processing of the present invention is that the thickness detection sensor is one or more of an ultrasonic sensor, an eddy current sensor, a laser rangefinder sensor, and an optical sensor.

[0037] This invention effectively solves the problem of inconsistent thickness caused by using ordinary five-axis milling equipment after skin forming by optimizing tool path and cutting parameters through real-time thickness detection and cutting depth control combined with the segmentation principle. Compared with existing technologies, it has the advantages of improving machining accuracy, optimizing machining efficiency, reducing machining costs, and being more environmentally friendly.

[0038] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a skin processing control method provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this invention but should not be used to limit the scope of this invention.

[0042] The following is combined Figure 1 A method for controlling skin processing according to the present invention includes:

[0043] S1, the toolpath optimization module obtains the skin processing area and divides the skin processing area into... Sub-regions ;

[0044] S2, The thickness detection module detects the skin thickness data of each of the sub-regions;

[0045] S3, the cutting depth control module optimizes the cutting parameters of the tool based on the skin thickness data, and then the tool path optimization module generates the cutting path;

[0046] S4, the controller of the five-axis machining equipment processes the skin according to the cutting path.

[0047] Preferably, by precisely dividing the skin processing area into multiple sub-regions, the toolpath optimization module can more effectively plan the processing path, reduce unnecessary tool movement, and thus improve processing efficiency. The thickness detection module accurately detects the skin thickness data of each sub-region, providing reliable data support for subsequent processing, ensuring more precise control of the cutting depth during processing, and reducing processing errors caused by uneven thickness. The cutting depth control module optimizes the cutting parameters of the tool based on the skin thickness data, making the cutting process smoother and more efficient, and significantly improving the skin processing quality. This skin processing control method, through precise division of the processing area, precise detection of skin thickness, optimization of cutting parameters, and precise control of the processing path, significantly improves processing efficiency and quality, and reduces processing costs.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the control method for skin processing of the present invention, after step S4, the method further includes: S41, during the skin processing, the thickness detection module detects the real-time thickness data of the skin in real time. S42, the cutting depth control module obtains the target machining thickness value of the skin at the current position of the tool. The actual required cutting depth is: S43, Set the normal vector of the tool to the current position of the skin as follows: Then the cutting adjustment amount S44, the cutting path point corresponding to the current position of the skin is... After incorporating the cutting adjustment compensation into the cutting path point, the actual cutting path point is obtained. S45, the controller of the five-axis machining equipment cuts the skin according to the actual cutting path points.

[0049] Preferably, the normal vector is set to take into account the curvature variation of the skin to ensure that the tool can move smoothly along the skin surface during cutting, avoiding excessive cutting force or cutting error. In actual cutting, the cutting path point is determined based on the preset cutting path and the shape characteristics of the skin. By compensating for the cutting adjustment amount at the cutting path point, a more accurate actual cutting path point can be obtained, thereby achieving precise control over the skin machining process.

[0050] Furthermore, step S2 specifically includes:

[0051] Get the region Thickness data at various locations Get the sub-region area Then, the skin thickness data is calculated using the following formula:

[0052]

[0053] in, Indicates the division into regions The skin thickness data.

[0054] Ideally, by accurately measuring the thickness data at various points within the sub-region, the uniformity of the skin thickness during subsequent machining can be ensured, thereby improving machining quality. Calculating the area of ​​the sub-region and combining it with the thickness data yields more accurate skin thickness data, providing an important basis for subsequent cutting path planning and cutting adjustment calculations, further enhancing the accuracy and stability of machining.

[0055] Further, step S3 includes: the cutting depth control module calculating the required cutting depth of the tool based on the skin thickness data. The calculation formula is:

[0056]

[0057] Design the optimal cutting speed for each of the aforementioned sub-regions.

[0058] in, This represents the optimal cutting speed. Denotes the first constant. Represents the second constant. Indicates standard cutting parameters;

[0059] The feed rate for each of the aforementioned sub-regions is designed to be...

[0060] in, Indicates the feed rate. Represents the third constant. Represents the fourth constant. This indicates the standard feed parameters.

[0061] By precisely calculating the depth of cut and optimal cutting speed, the cutting efficiency of the tool can be maximized during skin machining, thereby significantly improving production efficiency. Precise feed rate design helps maintain the stability of the cutting process, reducing vibration and fluctuations in cutting forces, thus lowering surface roughness and the risk of damage to the skin. Real-time monitoring and adjustment of cutting parameters allows for the timely detection and resolution of potential problems, preventing scrap and further reducing production costs.

[0062] Preferably, in one specific implementation case, .

[0063] Specifically, according to Determine several cutting path points for each of the aforementioned sub-regions. Furthermore, the toolpath optimization module based on and Plan the cutting path for each of the aforementioned sub-regions.

[0064] Preferably, CAM software is used to generate toolpaths based on the optimized parameters of each sub-region, making the toolpaths smooth and ensuring effective transitions between regions. Toolpath generation is performed for each sub-region. And combine them into a global toolpath The calculation formula is:

[0065]

[0066] For areas with thicker skin, the cutting speed and feed rate of the tool can be increased appropriately, while for areas with thinner skin, the cutting parameters should be reduced appropriately to avoid over-cutting.

[0067] A control system for skin machining, the control system being used to execute the control method described above, the control system comprising: a toolpath optimization module for optimizing the cutting path of the tool; a thickness detection module for detecting the thickness of the skin; a depth-of-cut control module for optimizing the cutting parameters of the tool; and a five-axis machining equipment, the five-axis machining equipment comprising a worktable, motion axes, ultrasonic sensors, cutting tools, and a controller.

[0068] Preferably, the thickness detection module is a thickness detection sensor. The thickness detection sensor is one or more of the following: ultrasonic sensor, eddy current sensor, laser rangefinder sensor, and optical sensor.

[0069] Preferably, the five-axis machining center has five motion axes, enabling complex motion trajectories in space. The spindle of the five-axis machining center is equipped with cutting tools and ultrasonic sensors. By flexibly adjusting the positions of the spindle and the worktable, the thickness detection sensor is always aligned with the tool's machining area, achieving real-time detection of the skin thickness. Simultaneously, the five-axis machining center precisely adjusts the cutting depth and path of the tool according to the controller's instructions, completing high-precision machining of the skin.

[0070] In one specific implementation case, the specific workflow is as follows:

[0071] Skin clamping: Place the skin that has undergone the stretching process on the worktable of the five-axis machining equipment, and use a special fixture to fix the skin. The design of the fixture should take into account the shape of the skin and the processing requirements to ensure that the skin will not shift or deform during the processing. After clamping, perform preliminary positioning of the skin to determine its approximate position and posture on the worktable.

[0072] Skin thickness scanning: The ultrasonic sensor in the thickness detection module is activated to perform a preliminary thickness scan of the skin, obtain the overall thickness distribution of the skin, and plan the cutting path.

[0073] Skin Machining: During machining, the ultrasonic sensor in the thickness detection module continuously monitors the skin thickness in real time and transmits the detected skin thickness data to the cutting depth control module. The cutting depth control module dynamically adjusts the cutting depth of the tool based on the thickness data. For example, when a local increase in skin thickness is detected, the cutting depth of the tool is immediately increased, and vice versa. Simultaneously, the toolpath optimization module optimizes the cutting path and cutting parameters of the tool based on the changes in skin thickness, further improving machining accuracy and efficiency. For instance, in areas with greater thickness, the tool can use a higher cutting speed and feed rate, while in areas with less thickness, lower cutting parameters are used to avoid over-cutting.

[0074] After the skin processing is completed, once the entire processed area of ​​the skin is finished, the control system automatically stops processing. At this point, the operator can perform a quality inspection on the processed skin to check whether its thickness is uniform and whether the surface quality meets the requirements. If the inspection results meet the process requirements, the processing is complete; if there are any defects, the cutting parameters can be adjusted based on the inspection results, and processing can be repeated.

[0075] This invention effectively solves the problem of inconsistent thickness caused by using ordinary five-axis equipment for machine milling after skin stretching by real-time monitoring of skin thickness and real-time adjustment of cutting depth, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of skin processing, reducing production costs, and reducing environmental pollution.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling skin processing, characterized in that, include: S1, the toolpath optimization module obtains the skin processing area and divides the skin processing area into... Sub-regions ; S2, The thickness detection module detects the skin thickness data of each of the sub-regions; Get the region Thickness data at various locations Get the sub-region area Then, the skin thickness data is calculated using the following formula: in, Indicates the division into regions Skin thickness data; S3, the cutting depth control module optimizes the cutting parameters of the tool based on the skin thickness data, and then the tool path optimization module generates the cutting path; The cutting depth control module calculates the required cutting depth of the tool based on the skin thickness data. The calculation formula is: Design the optimal cutting speed for each of the aforementioned sub-regions. in, This represents the optimal cutting speed. Denotes the first constant. Represents the second constant. Indicates standard cutting parameters; The feed rate for each of the aforementioned sub-regions is designed to be... in, Indicates the feed rate. Represents the third constant. Represents the fourth constant. Indicates standard feed parameters; according to Determine several cutting path points for each of the aforementioned sub-regions. Furthermore, the toolpath optimization module based on and Plan the cutting path for each of the aforementioned sub-regions; S4, the controller of the five-axis machining equipment processes the skin according to the cutting path; S41, During the skin processing, the thickness detection module detects the real-time thickness data of the skin. ; S42, the cutting depth control module obtains the target machining thickness value corresponding to the current position of the tool on the skin. The actual required cutting depth is: ; S43, Set the normal vector of the tool to the current position of the skin as follows: Then the cutting adjustment amount ; S44, the cutting path point corresponding to the current position of the skin is... After incorporating the cutting adjustment compensation into the cutting path point, the actual cutting path point is obtained. ; S45, the controller of the five-axis machining equipment cuts the skin according to the actual cutting path point.

2. A control system for skin processing, characterized in that, The control system is used to execute the control method as described in claim 1, and the control system includes: A toolpath optimization module, which is used to optimize the cutting path of the tool; A thickness detection module, used to detect the thickness of the skin; A depth-of-cutting control module, which is used to optimize the cutting parameters of the tool; A five-axis machining equipment, comprising a worktable, motion axes, ultrasonic sensors, cutting tools, and a controller.

3. The control system for skin processing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness detection module is a thickness detection sensor.

4. The control system for skin processing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness detection sensor is one or more of the following: ultrasonic sensor, eddy current sensor, laser rangefinder sensor, and optical sensor.

Images