Liquid flow battery electrolyte storage tank and liquid flow battery system

Abstract

The invention provides a flow battery electrolyte storage tank and a flow battery system, and belongs to the technical field of chemical energy storage batteries. The liquid flow battery electrolyte storage tank comprises a tank body, a liquid distribution pipe and a bent flow channel structure, the bent flow channel structure capable of guiding electrolyte to be conveyed from a liquid return opening to a liquid outlet along a preset bent path is arranged in a liquid storage cavity of the tank body, and the liquid distribution pipe is arranged at the position, close to the liquid return opening, in the liquid storage cavity; the backflow electrolyte is uniformly distributed in the bent flow channel structure through the plurality of liquid distribution holes in the liquid distribution pipe, and the electrolyte in the whole liquid storage cavity is disturbed through the flow field effect of the electrolyte in the process that the electrolyte flows in a bent mode in a flow channel limited by the bent flow channel structure. The uniform stability of the electrolyte flow field in the liquid storage cavity is kept, and the flow field dead zone of the electrolyte in the liquid storage cavity of the tank body is eliminated, so that the electrolyte in the tank body can participate in the galvanic pile reaction, the utilization rate of the electrolyte in the tank body is improved, and the actual energy density of the electrolyte in the tank body is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of chemical energy storage batteries, and particularly relates to an electrolyte storage tank for a flow battery system and a flow battery. Background Art

[0002] As a new type of battery technology, flow batteries have been widely used due to their advantages such as high efficiency, safety and reliability, long cycle life, and flexible structure design. In a full vanadium flow battery system, the electrolyte is stored in a storage tank as the electrical energy carrier of the system, and electrical energy storage is achieved through the valence state change of vanadium ions in the electrolyte. During the charge and discharge process of the flow battery system, the electrolyte in the storage tank is pumped to the stack by a pump, and the electrolyte after passing through the stack reaction then flows back to the storage tank through the return port. The electrolyte flowing back to the storage tank then flows to the liquid outlet. The flow field uniformity of the electrolyte in the storage tank directly affects the utilization rate of the electrolyte. If the internal structure of the storage tank is not specially designed for liquid distribution, it will cause dead zones in the flow field of the electrolyte inside the storage tank, resulting in part of the electrolyte in the storage tank being unable to participate in the reaction, and the actual electrical energy capacity charged by the flow battery system being much smaller than the theoretical capacity of the electrolyte in the storage tank.

[0003] Currently, generally, a "mouth" - shaped or "field" - shaped liquid distribution pipe is arranged inside the storage tank, and holes are opened on the liquid distribution pipe to increase the flow area of the return flow in order to solve the problem of dead zones in the flow field of the electrolyte inside the storage tank. However, the complex pipeline structure of the liquid distribution pipe not only greatly increases the flow resistance of the electrolyte, but also is difficult to uniformly disturb the electrolyte in the storage tank, thus unable to eliminate the dead zones in the flow field of the electrolyte inside the storage tank, resulting in part of the electrolyte in the storage tank being unable to participate in the reaction, the utilization rate of the electrolyte in the storage tank being low, and significantly reducing the actual energy density of the electrolyte in the storage tank. [[ID=​​​​​​​​​​​A bending flow channel structure is arranged in the liquid storage chamber, one end of the bending flow channel structure extends to the position of the liquid distribution pipe, and the other end of the bending flow channel structure extends to the position of the liquid outlet. The predetermined flow channel area is formed at the liquid inlet port of the bending flow channel structure, and the liquid inlet port of the bending flow channel structure is connected with the liquid distribution hole, and the liquid outlet port of the bending flow channel structure is connected with the liquid outlet, so that the bending flow channel structure can guide the electrolyte in the liquid storage chamber along the preset bending path from the liquid return port to the liquid outlet.

[0006] Furthermore, the bent flow channel structure includes a reflux channel, a liquid outlet channel, and a plurality of vertical flow channels separated by a plurality of first guide plates and a plurality of second guide plates, a plurality of first guide plates are arranged in the liquid storage cavity at intervals along a first direction, a plurality of second guide plates are arranged in the liquid storage cavity at intervals along a first direction, and the second guide plates are staggered with the first guide plates, the corresponding side edges of each first guide plate are respectively connected to the top wall of the tank body, the front side wall of the tank body and the rear side wall of the tank body, the vertical flow channel capable of transporting electrolyte is formed between each second guide plate and the corresponding first guide plate, and a connection between two adjacent ones is formed between the bottom side edge of each first guide plate and the bottom wall of the tank body. The first liquid-passing channel of the vertical flow channel, the corresponding side edges of each second guide plate are respectively connected to the bottom wall of the tank body, the front side wall of the tank body and the rear side wall of the tank body, a second liquid-passing channel connecting two adjacent vertical flow channels is formed between the bottom side edge of each second guide plate and the top wall of the tank body, the return channel with the predetermined flow channel area is formed between the corresponding first guide plate located on the outermost side and the left side wall of the tank body, the liquid outlet channel is formed between the corresponding second guide plate located on the outermost side and the right side wall of the tank body, the return channel is connected to the corresponding vertical flow channel through the corresponding first liquid-passing channel, and the liquid outlet channel is connected to the corresponding vertical flow channel through the corresponding second liquid-passing channel.

[0007] Furthermore, a plurality of the first guide plates are arranged in parallel and at intervals in the liquid storage cavity along a first direction, the distance between two adjacent first guide plates is equal, and the first direction is perpendicular to the first guide plates.

[0008] Furthermore, a plurality of the second guide plates are arranged in parallel and at intervals in the liquid storage cavity along a first direction, the intervals between two adjacent second guide plates are equal, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second guide plates.

[0009] Furthermore, the length and width of the first guide plate and the second guide plate are equal, and the cross-sectional areas of two adjacent vertical channels are equal.

[0010] Furthermore, the reflux channel, the plurality of vertical flow channels and the liquid outlet channel are sequentially connected to form an S-shaped flow channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the liquid distribution pipe is axially extended along a second direction, the second direction is parallel to the first guide plate and / or the second guide plate, both ends of the liquid distribution pipe are closed, and the liquid distribution hole is a long hole whose length direction is parallel to the axial direction of the liquid distribution pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of the liquid distribution holes are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the liquid distribution pipe, and the liquid distribution holes communicate with the liquid distribution pipe and the liquid inlet port of the bent flow channel structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the liquid return port is arranged on the top of the tank body and adjacent to the left side wall of the tank body, and the liquid outlet is arranged on the right side wall of the tank body and adjacent to the bottom wall of the tank body.

[0014] Based on the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, another purpose of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a liquid flow battery system to solve the problem in the prior art that the flow field uniformity of the electrolyte inside the storage tank is poor and there are dead zones in the flow field, which causes part of the electrolyte in the storage tank to be unable to participate in the reaction, seriously reducing the actual energy density of the electrolyte in the storage tank.

[0015] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a liquid flow battery system, including the liquid flow battery electrolyte storage tank in any of the above-mentioned solutions.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the above one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following beneficial effects: The liquid flow battery electrolyte storage tank and liquid flow battery system in the embodiment of the present invention are configured such that a bending flow channel structure capable of guiding the electrolyte to be transported from the return liquid port to the liquid outlet along a preset bending path is provided in the liquid storage chamber of the tank body, and a liquid distribution pipe is provided in the liquid storage chamber near the return liquid port, and the refluxed electrolyte is evenly distributed in the bending flow channel structure through a plurality of liquid distribution holes on the liquid distribution pipe. In the process of the electrolyte flowing in a bending manner along the flow channel defined by the bending flow channel structure, the electrolyte in the entire liquid storage chamber is disturbed by the flow field of the electrolyte, thereby maintaining the uniform stability of the electrolyte flow field in the liquid storage chamber, eliminating the dead zone of the electrolyte flow field in the liquid storage chamber of the tank body, and allowing all the electrolyte in the tank body to participate in the battery stack reaction, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the electrolyte in the tank body, and further improving the actual energy density of the electrolyte in the tank body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a flow battery electrolyte storage tank provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A left side view of a flow battery electrolyte storage tank provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along line AA; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along line BB; Figure 5 Another schematic cross-sectional view of the electrolyte storage tank of a flow battery provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a liquid distribution pipe provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A simulation diagram of the flow field of the electrolyte storage tank of a flow battery provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 Another simulation diagram of the flow field of the electrolyte storage tank of the flow battery provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 Another simulation diagram of the flow field of the electrolyte storage tank of a flow battery provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, the reference numerals in the figures are: 1-tank body; 11-liquid storage chamber; 12-liquid return port; 13-liquid outlet; 14-top wall; 15-front side wall; 16-rear side wall; 17-bottom wall; 18-left side wall; 19-right side wall; 2-liquid distribution pipe; 21-liquid distribution hole; 3-bending flow channel structure; 31-return channel; 32-liquid outlet channel; 33-first guide plate; 34-second guide plate; 35-vertical flow channel; 36-first liquid passage; 37-second liquid passage; 38-predetermined flow channel area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "connected to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or defined, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can mean fixed, removable, or integral; mechanical or electrical; direct or indirect through an intermediary; internal communication between two elements; or interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, when the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," or "in some embodiments" appear in various places throughout this specification, not all references are to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0023] Please also refer to Figures 1 to 5 , the liquid flow battery electrolyte storage tank provided by the embodiment of the present invention is now described. Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5The flow battery electrolyte storage tank provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a tank body 1, a liquid distribution pipe 2, and a curved flow channel structure 3. The outer contour of the tank body 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped. The interior of the tank body 1 is formed with a liquid storage chamber 11 capable of storing electrolyte. The tank body 1 is provided with a liquid return port 12 and a liquid outlet 13. The liquid return port 12 is connected to the liquid outlet 13 of the battery stack through the liquid return pipe. The liquid outlet 13 is connected to the liquid inlet of the battery stack through the liquid outlet pipe. A liquid pump is provided on the liquid outlet pipe. The liquid distribution pipe 2 is arranged in the liquid storage chamber 11 near the liquid return port 12. The liquid return port 12 is connected to the liquid distribution pipe 2. The liquid distribution pipe 2 is provided with a plurality of liquid distribution holes 21. The plurality of liquid distribution holes 21 evenly spray the electrolyte in the liquid distribution pipe 2 toward the predetermined flow channel area 38, thereby achieving uniform distribution of the electrolyte in the predetermined flow channel area 38. The curved flow channel structure 3 is arranged in the liquid storage chamber 11, one end of the curved flow channel structure 3 extends to the position of the liquid distribution pipe 2, and the other end of the curved flow channel structure 3 extends to the position of the liquid outlet 13. A predetermined flow channel area 38 is formed at the liquid inlet port of the curved flow channel structure 3, and the liquid inlet port of the curved flow channel structure 3 is connected with the liquid distribution hole 21, and the liquid outlet port of the curved flow channel structure 3 is connected with the liquid outlet 13, so that the curved flow channel structure 3 can guide the electrolyte in the liquid storage chamber 11 to be transported from the liquid return port 12 to the liquid outlet 13 along the preset curved path. When the liquid flow battery system is working, the electrolyte in the liquid storage chamber 11 inside the tank body 1 is pumped out to the battery stack of the liquid flow battery system through the return liquid port 12 of the tank body 1 under the action of the liquid pump. After the reaction of the battery stack, the electrolyte flows back to the liquid distribution pipe 2 through the reflux port of the tank body 1. The refluxed electrolyte is evenly distributed in the curved flow channel structure 3 through the liquid distribution pipe 2 arranged in a straight line. As the electrolyte in the liquid storage chamber 11 inside the tank body 1 is continuously extracted through the liquid outlet 13, the electrolyte in the curved flow channel structure 3 continues to flow toward the liquid outlet 13 of the tank body 1 under the action of the pressure difference. In the process of the electrolyte bending and flowing along the flow channel defined by the curved flow channel structure 3, the curved flow channel structure 3 forms a forced full-flow flow channel, and the electrolyte in the entire liquid storage chamber 11 is disturbed by the flow field action of the electrolyte, thereby maintaining the uniformity and stability of the electrolyte flow field in the liquid storage chamber 11, and avoiding the dead zone of the flow field caused by the formation of turbulent vortexes by the electrolyte, effectively overcoming the problem of poor flow field uniformity of the electrolyte in the liquid storage chamber 11 of the tank body 1, and at the same time eliminating the dead zone of the flow field of the electrolyte in the liquid storage chamber 11 of the tank body 1, so that the electrolyte in the tank body 1 can all participate in the battery stack reaction, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the electrolyte in the tank body 1, and then improving the actual energy density of the electrolyte in the tank body 1, which can reduce the amount of electrolyte used and greatly reduce the cost of the liquid flow battery system. At the same time, the refluxed electrolyte is evenly distributed in the curved flow channel structure 3 through the straight-line liquid distribution pipe 2. The liquid distribution pipe 2 in the tank body 1 has a simple structure, which effectively reduces the flow resistance of the electrolyte in the tank body 1. Only a low-lift liquid pump is needed to transport the electrolyte, which can reduce the pressure level of the pipeline system and improve the life of the pipeline.In addition, the refluxed electrolyte is evenly distributed in the curved flow channel structure 3 through the liquid distribution pipe 2 arranged in a straight line. In the process of the electrolyte flowing in a curved manner along the flow channel defined by the curved flow channel structure 3, the electrolyte in the entire liquid storage chamber 11 is disturbed by the flow field of the electrolyte, so that the electrolyte in the tank body 1 can participate in the battery stack reaction. This not only solves the flow field dead zone problem existing in the conventional "mouth" or "field" shaped liquid distribution pipe 2, but also the active ion concentration in the electrolyte guided by the curved flow channel structure 3 to be delivered to the battery stack at all times is the current highest concentration, which can greatly reduce the demand for flow rate in the early and middle stages of charging and discharging, effectively reduce the actual energy consumption of the pump, and improve the efficiency of the liquid flow battery.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the liquid flow battery electrolyte storage tank provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a structure in which a curved flow channel structure 3 is provided in the liquid storage chamber 11 of the tank body 1, which can guide the electrolyte to be transported from the return liquid port 12 to the liquid outlet 13 along a preset curved path, and a liquid distribution pipe 2 is provided in the liquid storage chamber 11 near the return liquid port 12. The refluxed electrolyte is evenly distributed in the curved flow channel structure 3 through the multiple liquid distribution holes 21 on the liquid distribution pipe 2. In the process of the electrolyte flowing in a curved manner along the flow channel defined by the curved flow channel structure 3, the electrolyte in the entire liquid storage chamber 11 is disturbed by the flow field of the electrolyte, the uniform stability of the electrolyte flow field in the liquid storage chamber 11 is maintained, and the dead zone of the electrolyte flow field in the liquid storage chamber 11 of the tank body 1 is eliminated, so that all the electrolyte in the tank body 1 can participate in the battery stack reaction, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the electrolyte in the tank body 1, and further improving the actual energy density of the electrolyte in the tank body 1.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5In some embodiments, the curved flow channel structure 3 includes a reflux channel 31, a liquid outlet channel 32, and a plurality of vertical flow channels 35 separated by a plurality of first guide plates 33 and a plurality of second guide plates 34. The plurality of first guide plates 33 are arranged in the liquid storage chamber 11 at intervals along the first direction, and the plurality of second guide plates 34 are arranged in the liquid storage chamber 11 at intervals along the first direction, and the second guide plates 34 are staggered with the first guide plates 33. The corresponding side edges of each first guide plate 33 are respectively connected to the top wall 14 of the tank body 1, the front side wall 15 of the tank body 1, and the rear side wall 16 of the tank body 1 by welding. A vertical flow channel 35 capable of transporting electrolyte is formed between each second guide plate 34 and the corresponding first guide plate 33, and a connection between the bottom side edge of each first guide plate 33 and the bottom wall 17 of the tank body 1 is formed. The first liquid flow channel 36 of the vertical flow channel 35, the corresponding side edges of each second guide plate 34 are respectively connected to the bottom wall 17 of the tank body 1, the front side wall 15 of the tank body 1 and the rear side wall 16 of the tank body 1 by welding, and a second liquid flow channel 37 connecting two adjacent vertical flow channels 35 is formed between the bottom side edge of each second guide plate 34 and the top wall 14 of the tank body 1, a return channel 31 with a predetermined flow channel area 38 is formed between the corresponding first guide plate 33 located on the outermost side and the left side wall 18 of the tank body 1, and a liquid outlet channel 32 is formed between the corresponding second guide plate 34 located on the outermost side and the right side wall 19 of the tank body 1, the return channel 31 is connected to the corresponding vertical flow channel 35 through the corresponding first liquid flow channel 36, and the liquid outlet channel 32 is connected to the corresponding vertical flow channel 35 through the corresponding second liquid flow channel 37. In this embodiment, by staggering second guide plates 34 and first guide plates 33 within the liquid storage chamber 11 of the tank body 1, the electrolyte flow path within the liquid storage chamber 11 is defined. This replaces traditional "passive diffusion" liquid distribution with "active forced convection," creating a forced full-flow flow channel. Based on boundary layer theory in fluid mechanics, the walls of the first guide plates 33 and / or second guide plates 34 guide the fluid to form a stable laminar boundary layer, avoiding dead zones in the flow field caused by turbulent vortices. Furthermore, the simplified structure of the liquid distribution pipe 2 reduces local resistance, and combined with the selection of a low-lift pump, energy consumption is reduced from both flow channel design and equipment matching. In addition, in the process of the electrolyte flowing in a curved manner along the flow channel defined by the curved flow channel structure 3, the electrolyte is drained through the vertical flow channel 35 between the second guide plate 34 and the first guide plate 33, so that the electrolyte flows in a curved and circuitous flow path in the entire liquid storage chamber 11. The electrolyte in the entire liquid storage chamber 11 can be disturbed by the flow field of the electrolyte, and the uniform stability of the electrolyte flow field in the liquid storage chamber 11 can be maintained, thereby improving the fluidity of the electrolyte and enhancing the mixing effect of the reflux electrolyte and the electrolyte in the liquid storage chamber 11, thereby effectively increasing the effective volume of the electrolyte.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5In some embodiments, a plurality of first guide plates 33 are arranged in parallel and at intervals in the liquid storage chamber 11 along a first direction, the spacing between two adjacent first guide plates 33 is equal, and the first direction is perpendicular to the first guide plates 33. In this embodiment, the plurality of first guide plates 33 are arranged in parallel and at intervals in the liquid storage chamber 11, and the spacing between two adjacent first guide plates 33 is equal. This facilitates the flow field effect of the electrolyte to disturb the electrolyte in the entire liquid storage chamber 11, maintain the uniformity and stability of the electrolyte flow field in the liquid storage chamber 11, effectively overcome the problem of poor flow field uniformity of the electrolyte in the liquid storage chamber 11 of the tank body 1, and simultaneously eliminate the dead zone of the electrolyte flow field in the liquid storage chamber 11 of the tank body 1, so that the electrolyte in the tank body 1 can all participate in the fuel cell reaction, which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of the electrolyte in the tank body 1.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, a plurality of second guide plates 34 are arranged in parallel and at intervals in the liquid storage chamber 11 along the first direction, the spacing between two adjacent second guide plates 34 is equal, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second guide plates 34. In this embodiment, a plurality of second guide plates 34 are arranged in parallel and at intervals in the liquid storage chamber 11, and the spacing between two adjacent second guide plates 34 is equal, which is conducive to the flow field effect of the electrolyte to disturb the electrolyte in the entire liquid storage chamber 11, maintain the uniformity and stability of the electrolyte flow field in the liquid storage chamber 11, effectively overcome the problem of poor flow field uniformity of the electrolyte in the liquid storage chamber 11 of the tank body 1, and at the same time eliminate the dead zone of the electrolyte flow field in the liquid storage chamber 11 of the tank body 1, so that the electrolyte in the tank body 1 can all participate in the fuel cell reaction, which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of the electrolyte in the tank body 1.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the length and width of the first guide plate 33 and the second guide plate 34 are equal, the first guide plate 33 and the second guide plate 34 are arranged in parallel, and the cross-sectional areas of the two adjacent vertical direct current channels 35 are equal, which is conducive to the flow field effect of the electrolyte to disturb the electrolyte in the entire liquid storage cavity 11, maintain the uniformity and stability of the electrolyte flow field in the liquid storage cavity 11, effectively overcome the problem of poor flow field uniformity of the electrolyte in the liquid storage cavity 11 of the tank body 1, and at the same time eliminate the dead zone of the electrolyte flow field in the liquid storage cavity 11 of the tank body 1, so that the electrolyte in the tank body 1 can all participate in the fuel cell reaction, which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of the electrolyte in the tank body 1.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5In some embodiments, a plurality of first guide plates 33 are arranged in parallel and at intervals in the liquid storage chamber 11 along the first direction, and a plurality of second guide plates 34 are arranged in parallel and at intervals in the liquid storage chamber 11 along the first direction, so that the reflux channel 31, the plurality of vertical flow channels 35 and the liquid outlet channel 32 are connected in sequence to form an S-shaped flow channel. As the electrolyte in the liquid storage chamber 11 inside the tank body 1 is continuously drawn out through the liquid outlet 13, the electrolyte in the bent flow channel structure 3 continues to flow toward the liquid outlet 13 of the tank body 1 under the action of the pressure difference. In the process of the electrolyte bending and flowing along the S-shaped flow channel defined by the bent flow channel structure 3, due to the S-shaped flow channel A forced full-process flow channel is formed, and the electrolyte in the entire liquid storage chamber 11 is disturbed by the flow field action of the electrolyte, so as to maintain the uniform stability of the electrolyte flow field in the liquid storage chamber 11, and can avoid the dead zone of the flow field caused by the formation of turbulent vortexes by the electrolyte, effectively overcome the problem of poor flow field uniformity of the electrolyte in the liquid storage chamber 11 of the tank body 1, and at the same time eliminate the dead zone of the flow field of the electrolyte in the liquid storage chamber 11 of the tank body 1, so that the electrolyte in the tank body 1 can participate in the stack reaction, which is beneficial to improve the utilization rate of the electrolyte in the tank body 1, and then improve the actual energy density of the electrolyte in the tank body 1, which can reduce the amount of electrolyte used and greatly reduce the cost of the liquid flow battery system.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the axial direction of the liquid distribution pipe 2 extends along the second direction, and the second direction is parallel to the first guide plate 33 and / or the second guide plate 34. Both ends of the liquid distribution pipe 2 are closed, and the liquid distribution hole 21 is a long strip hole whose length direction is parallel to the axial direction of the liquid distribution pipe 2. This is not only conducive to improving the uniformity of the return electrolyte distribution in the curved flow channel structure 3, but also conducive to uniformly distributing the return electrolyte in the curved flow channel structure 3. In the process of the electrolyte flowing in a curved manner along the flow channel defined by the curved flow channel structure 3, the electrolyte in the entire liquid storage chamber 11 is disturbed by the flow field effect of the electrolyte, so that the electrolyte in the tank body 1 can participate in the fuel cell reaction. It not only solves the flow field dead zone problem existing in the conventional "mouth" or "field" shaped liquid distribution pipe 2, but also the curved flow channel structure 3 guides the active ion concentration in the electrolyte delivered to the fuel cell stack to be the current highest concentration at all times, which can greatly reduce the demand for flow in the early and middle stages of charging and discharging, effectively reduce the actual energy consumption of the pump, and improve the efficiency of the liquid flow battery.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, multiple liquid distribution holes 21 are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the liquid distribution tube 2. The liquid distribution holes 21 connect the liquid distribution tube 2 with the liquid inlet port of the curved flow channel structure 3, which is beneficial to further improve the uniformity of the reflux electrolyte distribution in the curved flow channel structure 3.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the liquid return port 12 is provided at the top of the tank body 1 and is adjacent to the left side wall 18 of the tank body 1, and the liquid outlet 13 is provided on the right side wall 19 of the tank body 1 and is adjacent to the bottom wall 17 of the tank body 1, so that the liquid return port 12 and the liquid outlet 13 on the tank body 1 are arranged diagonally, which can cooperate with the liquid distribution pipe 2 arranged in a straight line to distribute the refluxed electrolyte more evenly in the curved flow channel structure 3.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 7 to 9 As shown in the simulation diagram of the flow field in the flow battery electrolyte storage tank provided in this embodiment, the gray area represents the electrolyte volume, and the lines represent the electrolyte flow velocity. As shown in the diagram, due to the staggered arrangement of the first and second guide plates within the tank's liquid storage chamber, the electrolyte flows along a designed S-shaped flow path. The flow velocity lines cover nearly the entire volume, and dead zones are virtually non-existent. This significantly improves electrolyte utilization, raising it to over 95%, reducing electrolyte usage and lowering costs.

[0034] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a flow battery system, comprising the flow battery electrolyte storage tank provided in any of the above embodiments. Because the flow battery system has all the technical features of the flow battery electrolyte storage tank provided in any of the above embodiments, it has the same technical effects as the above flow battery electrolyte storage tank.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid flow battery electrolyte storage tank, characterized in that: include: The tank body has a liquid storage cavity formed therein for storing electrolyte, and the tank body is provided with a liquid return port and a liquid outlet; a liquid distribution pipe disposed in the liquid storage chamber near the liquid return port, the liquid return port being in communication with the liquid distribution pipe, the liquid distribution pipe being provided with a plurality of liquid distribution holes capable of evenly distributing the electrolyte in a predetermined flow channel area; as well as A bending flow channel structure is arranged in the liquid storage chamber, one end of the bending flow channel structure extends to the position of the liquid distribution pipe, and the other end of the bending flow channel structure extends to the position of the liquid outlet. The predetermined flow channel area is formed at the liquid inlet port of the bending flow channel structure, and the liquid inlet port of the bending flow channel structure is connected with the liquid distribution hole, and the liquid outlet port of the bending flow channel structure is connected with the liquid outlet, so that the bending flow channel structure can guide the electrolyte in the liquid storage chamber along the preset bending path from the liquid return port to the liquid outlet.

2. The flow battery electrolyte storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curved flow channel structure includes a reflux channel, a liquid outlet channel, and a plurality of vertical flow channels separated by a plurality of first guide plates and a plurality of second guide plates, wherein the plurality of first guide plates are arranged in the liquid storage cavity at intervals along the first direction, and the plurality of second guide plates are arranged in the liquid storage cavity at intervals along the first direction, and the second guide plates are staggered with the first guide plates, and the corresponding side edges of the first guide plates are respectively connected to the top wall of the tank body, the front side wall of the tank body and the rear side wall of the tank body, and the vertical flow channel capable of transporting electrolyte is formed between each second guide plate and the corresponding first guide plate, and a connection between the bottom side edge of each first guide plate and the bottom wall of the tank body is formed between two adjacent vertical flow channels. A first liquid-passing channel of the direct flow channel, the corresponding side edges of each second guide plate are respectively connected to the bottom wall of the tank body, the front side wall of the tank body and the rear side wall of the tank body, a second liquid-passing channel connecting two adjacent vertical direct flows is formed between the bottom side edge of each second guide plate and the top wall of the tank body, the return channel with the predetermined flow channel area is formed between the corresponding first guide plate located on the outermost side and the left side wall of the tank body, the liquid outlet channel is formed between the corresponding second guide plate located on the outermost side and the right side wall of the tank body, the return channel is connected to the corresponding vertical direct flow channel through the corresponding first liquid-passing channel, and the liquid outlet channel is connected to the corresponding vertical direct flow channel through the corresponding second liquid-passing channel.

3. The flow battery electrolyte storage tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of first guide plates are arranged in parallel and at intervals in the liquid storage cavity along a first direction, the intervals between two adjacent first guide plates are equal, and the first direction is perpendicular to the first guide plates.

4. The flow battery electrolyte storage tank according to claim 2, wherein: A plurality of second guide plates are arranged in parallel and at intervals in the liquid storage cavity along a first direction, the intervals between two adjacent second guide plates are equal, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second guide plates.

5. The flow battery electrolyte storage tank according to claim 2, wherein: The length and width of the first guide plate and the second guide plate are equal, and the cross-sectional areas of two adjacent vertical flow channels are equal.

6. The flow battery electrolyte storage tank according to claim 2, wherein: The reflux channel, the plurality of vertical flow channels and the liquid outlet channel are sequentially connected to form an S-shaped flow channel.

7. The flow battery electrolyte storage tank according to claim 2, wherein: The liquid distribution pipe is axially extended along a second direction, the second direction is parallel to the first guide plate and / or the second guide plate, both ends of the liquid distribution pipe are closed, and the liquid distribution hole is a long hole whose length direction is parallel to the axial direction of the liquid distribution pipe.

8. The flow battery electrolyte storage tank according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plurality of liquid distribution holes are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the liquid distribution pipe, and the liquid distribution holes communicate with the liquid distribution pipe and the liquid inlet port of the bent flow channel structure.

9. The flow battery electrolyte storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The liquid return port is arranged on the top of the tank body and adjacent to the left side wall of the tank body, and the liquid outlet is arranged on the right side wall of the tank body and adjacent to the bottom wall of the tank body.

10. A liquid flow battery system, characterized in that: Comprising the liquid flow battery electrolyte storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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