764results about "Aqueous electrolytes" patented technology

The invention discloses a complex electrolyte additive for a battery, an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte and an aqueous zinc ion battery. The electrolyte additive is a complex containing metal complex ions; the complex is composed of a central ion and an internal ligand. The electrolyte additive can respectively form metal and alloy electrode-electrolyte interfaces on the surface of a zinc negative electrode through replacement and electrochemical reaction, and regulate and control the deposition behavior of zinc ions to inhibit the generation of zinc dendrites and accelerate deposition / dissolution kinetics, so that the service life of the zinc negative electrode is remarkably prolonged, and the rate capability is enhanced; a solvation structure of zinc ions can be regulated and controlled, side reactions such as hydrogen evolution, corrosion and passivation are slowed down, and capacity fading of the water-based zinc ion battery can be remarkably delayed when the positive electrode is coupled with a high-efficiency positive electrode; meanwhile, the aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte additive is low in price, green, environment-friendly, high in functionality and beneficial to development of an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte and an aqueous zinc ion battery which are excellent in performance, safe, environment-friendly and low in cost.

The present invention refers to a redox battery, to a method of storing electricity comprising the redox battery, to a method of delivering electricity comprising the redox battery, an energy storage and / or delivery system, and to the use of the redox battery or the energy system to store or deliver electricity.

The invention discloses a low-cost neutral aqueous organic iron-cerium flow battery, and belongs to the field of electrochemical energy storage. The positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte both adopt organic phosphine ligand chelating metals in a water system, and organic phosphine ligands are selected from 2-hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid, etidronic acid, diethylenetriaminepenta (methylene phosphonic acid), 2-phosphonobutane-1, 2, 4-tricarboxylic acid, polyhydric alcohol phosphate ester, hexamethylenediamine tetra (methylene phosphonic acid), polyamino polyether methylene phosphonic acid and bis (1, 2, 4-tricarboxylic acid. And one or more of 2, 6-hexylidene triamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) and lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium salt derivatives thereof. And the supporting electrolyte is used for adjusting and stabilizing the pH environment of the electrolyte. According to the invention, no additional auxiliary electrolyte is needed, high conductivity and stable performance can be achieved, and a new possibility is developed for development and application of a flow battery technology. The material has the characteristics of stable performance, low cost, wide raw material source and environmental friendliness, and is suitable for automobile power supplies, household energy storage, standby power supplies, large-scale energy storage devices and the like.

The invention relates to a material that can be produced by means of the following method: • triglycerides are stirred with 0.1 to 0.5% sulfuric acid (of 99% concentration), the reaction process being able to be accelerated by cavitation, • 1 to 3% water is added and the mixture is left standing until the water settles, • this settled aqueous solution is heated in the presence of a material composed of an iron-containing alloy, for example an alloy comprising iron, nickel, chromium and manganese, in particular approximately 70% iron, 18% chromium, 8% nickel and 1.5% manganese, • the mixture, which boils at 80°C, is heated to just under 100°C, until the water has evaporated, and is held at this temperature further until the then viscous mass releases water of crystallization; thereupon, the supply of heat is stopped.

The invention provides an electrolyte for improving the interface stability of a four-electron aqueous zinc-iodine battery, and belongs to the technical field of zinc-iodine battery electrolyte additives, the electrolyte comprises N, N-dihydroxyethyl glycine, zinc sulfate, an additive and water; in the electrolyte, the concentration of the N, N-dihydroxyethyl glycine is 0.5 + / -0.2 mol / L; the molar ratio of the additive to the zinc sulfate is 1: 3; the additive comprises any one of methyl triethyl ammonium chloride, betaine hydrochloride and triethylamine hydrobromide. The electrolyte can enhance the interface stability of the electrode electrolyte, improve the cycling stability and electrochemical performance of the aqueous zinc-iodine battery, inhibit side reactions, and improve the safety and reliability of the battery. The invention also provides a high-capacity aqueous zinc-iodine battery.

The invention relates to an electrolyte for an aqueous zinc ion battery and the zinc ion battery. The electrolyte consists of soluble zinc salt, an electrolyte additive and solvent water, and the electrolyte additive is a thiazole derivative containing functional groups such as sulfydryl, amino, sulfonic acid group and formic acid group. According to the electrolyte provided by the invention, the electrolyte additive can regulate and control the coordination environment through coordination with zinc ions so as to realize uniform deposition of zinc, meanwhile, the electrolyte additive can also be grafted to the surface of zinc through functional groups such as sulfydryl, amino, sulfonic acid group and formic acid group so as to form a layer of stable protective film, and the protective film has good zinc affinity; direct contact between an electrolyte and the zinc negative electrode can be effectively blocked, chemical corrosion and hydrogen evolution reaction of the zinc negative electrode can be reduced, interface ion transmission can be regulated and controlled, zinc dendrite growth is effectively inhibited, the cycling stability of the zinc negative electrode is improved, the cycle life of the battery is prolonged, the rate performance of the battery is improved, and the method is easy and convenient to prepare, low in cost, high in safety and suitable for industrial production. The large-scale production is easy to realize.

The invention discloses a low-temperature zinc ion battery high-entropy eutectic electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the field of batteries, the electrolyte comprises a hydrogen bond donor, a hydrogen bond acceptor and a solvent; the hydrogen bond donor is at least one of methyl sulfonamide, thioformamide, butyramide, asparagine, tert-butylamine, dimethyl propane diamine, oxalyl diamine, benzamide, sulfamide and ethyl sulfonamide; the hydrogen bond receptor is at least one of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, methionine, zinc chloride, zinc perchlorate, zinc fluoborate and zinc acetate; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing a hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor, and heating to convert a solid into a liquid phase; and adding a solvent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the product. The invention also provides a zinc ion battery containing the electrolyte. The high-entropy eutectic electrolyte has the beneficial effects that-NH2 and halogen or carboxyl form hydrogen bonds to perform eutectic reaction, the freezing point of the eutectic solution is lower than that of a reactant, and the solvent is added to improve the confusion degree of the electrolyte, so that the high-entropy eutectic electrolyte is prepared.

The invention provides a preparation method and application of an aqueous composite electrolyte. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing aqueous zinc salt and a water-soluble heterocyclic amine organic additive; and adding deionized water, continuously stirring until the solution is dissolved, and standing until the pH value is stable to obtain the aqueous composite electrolyte. The additive can improve the stability of the aqueous electrolyte, and zinc-philic groups in molecules of the organic additive can form coordinate bonds with zinc ions, so that the molecules of the additive can be adsorbed on the surface of a zinc electrode, electric field distribution on the surface of the electrode is balanced, non-uniform deposition of the zinc ions on the surface of the electrode is prevented, and the stability of the aqueous electrolyte is improved. Dendritic crystal growth caused by too strong local electric field is reduced, meanwhile, the utilization rate of zinc is increased, and the performance of the battery is effectively improved; after the additive molecules are adsorbed on the surface of the zinc electrode, a part of active sites for analyzing hydrogen reaction on the surface of the electrode can be covered, the hydrogen evolution reaction is inhibited, the generation of byproducts is reduced, the coulombic efficiency is improved, and the corrosion resistance and the cycling stability of the zinc negative electrode are effectively improved.

The invention discloses an electrolyte for an aqueous manganese-based battery. The electrolyte comprises an electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises a manganese salt; the weak acid is used for regulating and controlling proton dynamic release of the positive electrode / electrolyte interface to realize on-demand supply of protons of the positive electrode / electrolyte interface; and a solvent, wherein the solvent is deionized water; the PH range of the electrolyte is 2.0-3.5, and the electrolyte can realize on-demand supply of protons of a positive electrode / electrolyte interface in the charging and discharging process of the aqueous manganese-based battery, and promotes efficient and reversible deposition and dissolution reaction of a positive active substance manganese dioxide. According to the invention, the proton on-demand supply electrolyte is constructed by utilizing dynamic dissociation equilibrium of weak acid, so that on-demand supply of protons in the MnO2 dissolving process is realized, complete electrochemical dissolution of MnO2 is promoted, and generation of'dead manganese 'is inhibited, so that the cycling stability of the battery and the utilization efficiency of active substances are remarkably improved. The invention also discloses an aqueous manganese-based battery for realizing on-demand supply of protons and application of the aqueous manganese-based battery in the field of secondary energy storage.

The invention provides a low-molar-concentration I < + > stabilizer / zinc salt aqueous zinc-iodine battery electrolyte and an aqueous zinc-iodine battery, and belongs to the technical field of aqueous zinc-iodine battery electrolytes.The electrolyte comprises the following chemical components: an I < + > stabilizer, other zinc salts, a multi-iodide ion complexing agent, a diluent and water; in the electrolyte, the concentration of the I + stabilizer is 0.5-1.5 mol / L, the concentration of the other zinc salt is 0.5-2.5 mol / L, the mass fraction of the multi-iodide ion complexing agent is 3-15%, and the volume ratio of the diluent to the water is 1: (3-19); the multi-iodide ion complexing agent comprises at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The electrolyte can still realize high coulombic efficiency of the aqueous zinc-iodine battery in the presence of a low-molar-concentration I < + > stabilizer / zinc salt, and also can inhibit side reaction at one end of a zinc negative electrode in the cyclic process of the aqueous zinc-iodine battery, shuttle effect of multi-iodide ions in the I- / I2 conversion process at one end of an iodine positive electrode and hydrolysis of I < + > in the I2 / I < + > process, so that the cycle life of the battery is prolonged, and the service life of the battery is prolonged. And the working temperature range is widened, so that the device can stably operate under severe conditions.

Thermo-electrochemical generator cells in general supply energy in the thermal gradient; no energy is available when the temperature is consistent. The aim of the invention is to overcome this disadvantage. To achieve this aim, a metallization mixture is used, by means of which it is possible for the first time to provide electrodes which have long-term stability, specify a current direction for one of the redox reactions via a stable overvoltage, and make energy available when the heat is consistent. A metallization method and a thermo-electrochemical generator cell according to the method can be produced and provided especially cost-effectively using rancid, natural oils as the raw material and starting material for the metallization mixture and using cost-effective, technically pure chemicals. As a result, it is possible for the first time to directly industrially utilize non-directional waste heat in the range of 10-70°C on an industrial scale using a cell (1) according to figure 1, comprising: electrode (2), first main surface (12), second main surface (14), electrolyte layer (4), second electrode (3), first main surface (13) and second main surface (15).

The invention discloses a functionalized carbon quantum dot modified all-vanadium redox flow battery electrolyte. The functionalized carbon quantum dot has a large specific surface area and a carboxyl functional group on the surface; the electrolyte of the flow battery is a dilute sulfuric acid solution of vanadium; the main evaluation indexes of the electrochemical performance are the cycle efficiency, the capacity retention ratio and the battery performance of the electrolyte; the invention aims to discuss the catalytic action of the surface functional groups of the functionalized carbon quantum dots on the oxidation-reduction reaction of vanadium ions in the electrolyte of the all-vanadium redox flow battery by using the functionalized carbon quantum dots as an additive of the electrolyte. Meanwhile, the influence of the concentration and doping of the carbon quantum dots on the electrochemical performance of the electrolyte of the all-vanadium redox flow battery is researched, so that the working efficiency and the overall performance of the battery are improved, the characteristics of the electrolyte are improved, and the energy consumption of the battery is reduced.

The present invention discloses a wide temperature range hydrated eutectic electrolyte and its application in aqueous zinc ion batteries. The wide temperature range hydrated eutectic electrolyte comprises a zinc salt, an alcohol organic solvent and an inorganic additive. The zinc salt is zinc perchlorate hexahydrate; the organic solvent is ethylene glycol; and the inorganic additive is an indium trichloride solution. The hydrated eutectic electrolyte prepared by the present invention enables aqueous zinc ion batteries to exhibit excellent electrochemical properties in a wide temperature range, can effectively inhibit the generation of side reactions such as dendrites and corrosion in aqueous zinc ion batteries, and thus prolong the service life of aqueous zinc ions in a wide temperature range.

The invention provides eutectic aqueous aluminum ion battery electrolyte as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of aluminum ion batteries. According to the invention, the eutectic aqueous aluminum ion battery electrolyte is prepared by solid-solid mixing and dissolving of aluminum metal salt and eutectic substances; the aluminum metal salt is selected from at least one of aluminum chloride hexahydrate, aluminum perchlorate nonahydrate, aluminum nitrate nonahydrate and aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate; the eutectic substance is an organic small molecule compound containing amino and ester groups. By screening hydrated aluminum metal salt and eutecticevaporate substances and regulating and controlling the proportion, the prepared electrolyte is applied to aqueous aluminum ion batteries, such as symmetrical batteries and total batteries, and shows excellent performance. According to the electrolyte, the stability of the aluminum ion battery can be improved, a solvation structure dominated by anions is formed, and meanwhile, a compact anion-rich solid electrolyte interface layer is formed on the surface of an aluminum negative electrode to protect the aluminum negative electrode. The problem that an existing water-based aluminum ion battery negative electrode is poor in stability is solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of an electrolyte for a vanadium redox flow battery, in particular to a reduction method of an alkaline vanadium-containing solution during short-process preparation of a vanadium electrolyte. The reduction method comprises the following steps: (1) adding a reducing agent sodium sulfite into an alkaline vanadium-containing solution and dissolving; and (2) acid is added into the solution obtained after dissolving in the step (1), the pH is adjusted, a reduction reaction is conducted, and vanadium is reduced to be tetravalent. The method provided by the invention effectively solves the problem of vanadium loss caused by precipitation generated in the sequential operation process of acidification and reduction of the alkaline vanadium-containing solution in the prior art, and meanwhile, the method provided by the invention is easy for engineering implementation.

The invention discloses zinc ion battery electrolyte as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of ion battery electrolyte. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the coumarin derivative is added into the basic zinc salt solution, so that the uniform deposition of zinc ions can be promoted at a low temperature of-20 DEG C or below, the formation of dendritic crystals is remarkably reduced, and a stable protective layer is formed on the surface of the zinc anode, and the protective layer can maintain high reversibility of the battery at a normal temperature, and also can be used for preparing a lithium ion battery. And the stability can be kept in a low-temperature environment, so that the battery can show excellent electrochemical performance under different temperature conditions, and the technical problem of the electrochemical performance of the water-based zinc ion battery (ZIBs) in the low-temperature environment is solved.

The invention discloses a wide-temperature-range ester-based electrolyte, and relates to the technical field of aqueous zinc ion battery electrolytes, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: a zinc salt, deionized water, an organic solvent and an organic salt additive; the organic solvent is diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate; the organic salt additive is o-sulfobenzoic acid ammonium. The invention also discloses an application of the wide-temperature-range ester-based electrolyte in an aqueous zinc ion battery and the aqueous zinc ion battery. The electrolyte can inhibit the growth of zinc dendrites, improve the corrosion phenomenon of a zinc negative electrode related to active water, realize effective protection of the zinc negative electrode, greatly improve the cycle performance stability and prolong the service life of the aqueous zinc ion battery.

The invention relates to the technical field of water-based energy storage batteries, in particular to a two-phase electrolyte for a water-based zinc ion battery and a preparation method of the two-phase electrolyte, and the two-phase electrolyte comprises soluble zinc salt, water and quaternary ammonium nitrate; the soluble zinc salt comprises one of zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate, zinc bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, zinc acetate, zinc sulfate and zinc chloride, and the molar concentration of the soluble zinc salt is 1-5 mol / L; the quaternary ammonium nitrate is one or more than two of tetramethylammonium nitrate, tetraethyl ammonium nitrate, tetrabutyl ammonium nitrate, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium nitrate and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium nitrate, and the molar concentration of the quaternary ammonium nitrate is 1-3 mol / L. The preparation method is simple, convenient and efficient, the reversibility of the zinc anode is optimized, the method is crucial for promoting the design of a practical water-based zinc ion battery, and the application of the zinc-based battery in the field of energy storage is further accelerated.

The invention relates to a composite additive for an all-vanadium redox flow battery electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof, the composite additive comprises an organic ligand, organic sulfonate, phosphate and halide, and the molar ratio of the organic ligand to the organic sulfonate to the phosphate to the halide is 1: (1-2): (1-2): (1-10). Through the synergistic effect of the four added components, the precipitation problem of divalent vanadium ions under a low-temperature condition and pentavalent vanadium ions under a high-temperature condition is remarkably improved, the high-temperature stability of the positive electrode electrolyte and the low-temperature stability of the negative electrode electrolyte of the all-vanadium redox flow battery are effectively improved, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and the service life of the battery is prolonged. Meanwhile, through the synergistic effect of the four effective components, the use amount of the additive is reduced, and the use cost of the additive is reduced.

The invention discloses an electrolyte of an aqueous zinc-iodine battery, and relates to the technical field of zinc-iodine batteries, the electrolyte is prepared from an I + stabilizer, a hydrogen bond ligand, a low-freezing-point hydrogen donor solvent and a zinc salt, and the molar ratio of the I + stabilizer to the hydrogen bond ligand to the low-freezing-point hydrogen donor solvent to the zinc salt is 1: 0.5: 5: 0.5-1.5. The invention also provides a preparation method of the electrolyte and a zinc-iodine battery prepared by using the electrolyte. The zinc-iodine battery constructed by the invention can realize highly reversible I- / I2 / I + conversion and rapid iodide conversion kinetics in a wide temperature range of-25 DEG C to 40 DEG C, and has high energy density and excellent long cycle stability. In addition, due to the unique solvation structure of the electrolyte, the activity of water molecules in the system is reduced, and then the hydrogen evolution reaction and other side reactions are inhibited. Therefore, the invention provides a feasible strategy for realizing wide temperature range, high capacity and high performance of the zinc-iodine battery.

To provide a stabilized solid garnet electrolyte article, a method of making the stabilized solid garnet electrolyte article, and a method for using the stabilized solid garnet electrolyte article in an energy storage device.SOLUTION: A solid garnet composition comprises: a bulk composition consisting of or consisting essentially of a lithium garnet; and a surface composition consisting of or consisting essentially of a surface protonated garnet on at least a portion of the exterior surface of the lithium garnet, wherein the surface composition is compositionally stable in air and insensitive to carbon dioxide.SELECTED DRAWING: None

The invention is applicable to the technical field of mesoporous materials, and relates to an ultra-small single-mesoporous carbon nanoparticle and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a single micelle solution; (2) obtaining SiO2 nano particles; (3) obtaining the SiO2 (at) single micelle superstructure nano particles; (4) obtaining a compound of the SiO2 coated single micelle wrapped by the polydopamine; (5) obtaining a SiO2-loaded mesoporous carbon structure; the invention also discloses an application of the ultra-small single mesoporous carbon nanoparticles in a battery. The ultra-small single-mesoporous carbon nanoparticles and the preparation method thereof have the beneficial effects that the single-mesoporous carbon nanoparticles have a large specific surface area, ultra-small particle size, large aperture and a unique broken hole structure, active sites of chemical reaction are increased, a better substance transmission channel can be provided, potential safety hazards are reduced, and the service life of the single-mesoporous carbon nanoparticles is prolonged. And the assembled aqueous zinc ion battery has relatively high discharge specific capacity.

The invention discloses an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte and an aqueous zinc ion battery, and belongs to the field of batteries. The electrolyte comprises an organic additive, and the organic additive is a phosphate ester substance. The electrolyte comprises phosphate ester substances, zinc salt and water. The aqueous zinc ion battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and the electrolyte. The phosphate ester is used as an interface structure modified AZIBs additive, protects the zinc negative electrode material, inhibits side reaction of a zinc negative electrode interface, induces uniform deposition of zinc dendrites, and improves the cycling stability of the zinc ion battery. The cycle index of the aqueous zinc ion battery of the phosphate additive electrolyte is up to 4000 circles, and the capacity retention ratio is up to 92%. The initial capacity and the cycling stability of the aqueous zinc ion battery are effectively improved, and the method has remarkable technical progress and good industrial application prospect.

The invention discloses a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte, a negative electrode cosolvent and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage, the negative electrode cosolvent of the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is a carboxyl-containing butenoic acid substance, the butenoic acid substance is used as the cosolvent, and zinc is induced to preferentially deposit on a (002) plane by modifying a solid-liquid interface, so that the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is obtained. And the deposition process of zinc is converted from an irregular form which tends to form a dendritic crystal shape and a moss shape into a deposition layer which tends to form a flat and compact deposition layer which is parallel to the substrate. The highly uniform zinc deposition fundamentally and effectively inhibits the formation and growth of zinc dendrites, and greatly improves the stability of the negative electrode and the cycle life of the battery. Chlorides improve ionic conductivity to reduce internal resistance, and sodium acetate buffer inhibits hydrogen evolution on stable pH; and synergistic optimization of positive and negative components ensures efficient reaction. And moreover, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the preparation is simple and convenient, the industrialization threshold is reduced, and the large-scale energy storage requirement is met.

The invention discloses a ruthenium-substituted doped manganese dioxide positive electrode material for a zinc ion battery as well as a preparation method and application of the ruthenium-substituted doped manganese dioxide positive electrode material. The cathode material has the following chemical composition: KxMn1-yRuyO2. ZH2O (0.2 < = x < = 0.5, 0.01 < = y < = 0.2, and 0 < = z < = 0.5). The transition metal ruthenium is adopted to carry out atomic-scale substitution doping on the manganese dioxide positive electrode material, Mn < 4 + > in the [MnO6] octahedron is substituted by the transition metal ruthenium, a Ru-O chemical bond is formed, the electronic structure and the crystal structure of manganese dioxide are regulated and controlled, and the electronic conductivity and the structural stability of manganese dioxide are enhanced. The ruthenium-substituted doped manganese dioxide positive electrode material shows improved rate capability and excellent cycling stability in an electrochemical performance test, and is a relatively ideal zinc ion battery positive electrode material. In addition, the material is simple in preparation process method, good in repeatability, high in yield and suitable for large-scale production and practical application.

The invention discloses sodium titanate with a layered crystal structure, a preparation method of the sodium titanate and application of the sodium titanate in a water-based magnesium ion battery, and belongs to the technical field of water-based magnesium ion batteries. According to the invention, the sodium titanate with a layered crystal structure is used as the negative electrode material of the aqueous magnesium ion battery, and due to excellent chemical and structural stability, the sodium titanate can realize reversible Mg < 2 + > intercalation / deintercalation in an aqueous magnesium electrolyte. According to the invention, Na2Ti2O5 and Na2Ti3O7 materials are synthesized by a hydrothermal method and a high-temperature annealing process. In a magnesium chloride electrolyte, the two sodium titanate materials both show extremely low charge and discharge potentials (Na2Ti2O5,-1.3 to-0.6 V vs.SCE; sCE (-1.5 to-1 V vs.SCE) and relatively good cycling stability are achieved. In addition, the charge-discharge specific capacity of the Na2Ti2O5 half cell under the current density of 2A / g is up to 213mAh / g, and the high specific capacity of 150mAh / g is still kept under the high current density of 10A / g. The sodium titanate is an ideal aqueous magnesium battery negative electrode material, has the advantages of low cost and environmental friendliness, and has a great application prospect in the field of aqueous magnesium ion energy storage.

The invention provides an aqueous zinc ion electrolyte additive containing maltitol and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of aqueous batteries. The additive is maltitol. In the process of zinc deposition, maltitol molecules can be preferentially attached to the surface of a zinc metal anode through chemical adsorption, reducing the direct contact between free water and the zinc metal surface, thereby reducing the hydrogen evolution reaction between free water and the zinc metal surface, and inhibiting the generation of byproduct sulfate. In addition, a zinc ion battery containing maltitol can generate a larger nucleation overpotential, which can promote the formation of a finer grain zinc deposition layer, and also lead to an increase in nucleation sites and a decrease in nucleation speed, thereby inhibiting the growth of zinc dendrites, which helps the uniform deposition of zinc ions on the surface of the zinc metal anode.

Provided herein are methods of purifying graphite comprising: electrochemically treating graphite comprising an impurity selected from the group consisting of metals, metal oxides, and combinations thereof in the presence of an electrolyte; a portion of the impurities is removed by electrochemical treatment and purified graphite is provided. Also provided are purified graphite provided by such a method, as well as a negative electrode and a battery each comprising the purified graphite.

The invention discloses an interface corrosion resistant aqueous electrolyte and a battery application thereof. The aqueous electrolyte comprises a zwitterionic additive; the zwitterionic additive comprises an imidazolium cation part and a sulfonate anion part; wherein a 1-site N atom in imidazolium is connected with a sulfonate radical through a C1-6 saturated alkyl carbon chain, and a 3-site N atom in imidazolium is connected with a C2-4 unsaturated alkyl carbon chain or a C1-4 saturated alkyl carbon chain. The aqueous electrolyte can effectively relieve the interface corrosion problem of the aqueous battery, so that the cycle stability of the negative electrode is improved, and the preparation of the long-cycle aqueous battery is realized.

The invention belongs to the technical field of flow battery energy storage, and discloses a multifunctional electrolyte for a zinc-bromine flow battery, a preparation method and the zinc-bromine flow battery, and the multifunctional electrolyte for the zinc-bromine flow battery comprises bromine salt, a conductive additive, water, choline bromide and N-methyl-N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl)-1-propylamine bromide. The molar ratio of the choline bromide to the N-methyl-N, N-bis (2-ethoxyl)-1-propylamine bromide is (0.5 to 9): 1. Based on a'synergistic 'effect and an'antagonistic' effect of a polyhydroxy structure and a choline group, effective balance between homogeneous phase performance, anti-freezing performance and the like of the electrolyte can be realized, so that the performance of a battery is improved.