84 results about "Galvanic cell" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy power generation, in particular to a high-current moisture generator under low humidity and a preparation method thereof.The high-current moisture generator comprises a first electrode, an ionized water gel layer and a second electrode which are sequentially arranged, the ionized water gel layer has a salt concentration gradient, and the work functions of the first electrode and the second electrode are different; a first electrode is uniformly coated with an ionized water gel layer added with hygroscopic salt, and then the other side of the ionized water gel layer is covered with a second electrode, so that the moisture generator with a first electrode-ionized water gel-second electrode as a basic unit is formed. The moisture generator prepared by the invention is based on the synergistic effect of the primary battery effect and moisture power generation, so that the moisture generator has large short-circuit current at low humidity, the maximum short-circuit current can reach 5mA, and the moisture generator has relatively high power output density at low humidity and has a good self-power-generation function.

The utility model relates to the technical field of organic wastewater treatment, and discloses a magnesium-carbon primary battery reaction tank which comprises a reaction tank, a water inlet pipe is arranged inside the left side of the reaction tank, a water outlet pipe is arranged inside the right side of the reaction tank, and a first slag discharge tank and a second slag discharge tank are arranged inside the upper side of the reaction tank. A negative plate magnesium plate and a positive plate carbon plate are arranged in the reaction tank, a sludge scraper is arranged in the reaction tank, and the bottom end of the water inlet pipe is fixedly connected with a sludge accumulation hopper. According to the utility model, magnesium ions react with ammonia nitrogen and phosphate in the wastewater to generate magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitates, so that multiple purposes are realized, the content of hydrogen ions in the wastewater is reduced, the acidity of the wastewater is relieved, the content of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate ions is directly reduced, and the production cost is reduced. The burden of nitrification, denitrification and biochemical phosphorus removal of a subsequent biochemical system is relieved, and meanwhile, the dosage of phosphorus removal in deep treatment is reduced.

The utility model relates to an electric water heater. An inner container is provided with a containing cavity and a mounting hole communicating with the containing cavity. The heater is arranged in the accommodating cavity; the connecting flange comprises a connecting part and a flange part, and the connecting part is connected to the end part of the heater and penetrates through the mounting hole; the flange part sleeves the heater and is connected with the connecting part; the flange part is positioned in the accommodating cavity; the fastener is connected with the connecting part and is positioned outside the accommodating cavity; the sealing piece is arranged in the mounting hole in a penetrating manner and sleeves the connecting part; the sealing piece is clamped between the flange part and the fastening piece; the diameter of the end, close to the flange part, of the sealing piece is larger than or equal to that of the flange part. The diameter of the end, close to the fastener, of the sealing piece is larger than or equal to the diameter of the fastener. The heater and the inner container are sealed and insulated through the sealing piece and do not make contact, it is ensured that the heater cannot be communicated with the inner container through the connecting flange, and liquid stored in the inner container is prevented from leaking and a primary battery is prevented from being formed between the heater and the inner container.

Disclosed are a method for producing an electrode for a galvanic cell, an electrode for a galvanic cell, a galvanic cell, and uses of the galvanic cell. The method comprises: applying a separator membrane to a planar electrode such that an intermediate space is formed between the planar electrode and the separator membrane; subsequently applying a liquid comprising a particular material to the separator membrane, wherein the liquid comprising material penetrates, by way of capillary forces, at least into the pores of the separator membrane, into the intermediate space between the planar electrode and the separator membrane and into pores of the planar electrode, wherein the liquid is subsequently evaporated. The method makes it easily and inexpensively possible to provide an electrode which exhibits a high energy density at the cell level and high chemical, electrochemical and mechanical stability, exhibits high cycle stability and allows high operating currents.

The invention relates to a method for defect analysis of a product, in particular a printed circuit board product, semiconductor wafer, galvanic cell or the like, with an inspection system (26) and an inspection system, wherein the inspection system comprises a projection device (32), an optical detection device (28) and a processing device, wherein white light is split into its spectral components by means of a spectrometer device of the projection device and a multichromatic light beam (37) formed from monochromatic light beams is projected onto a product at an angle of incidence β, wherein the optical detection device comprises a detection unit (29) with a camera (27) and a lens (28), wherein a multichromatic light beam (37) is reflected at the product in a detection plane (46) of the detection unit which extends transversely, preferably orthogonally to a product surface (38) of the product.which is captured by means of the camera, wherein the reflected multichromatic light beam is projected onto an image plane (49) of an image sensor of the camera, wherein height information of the product surface is derived by means of the processing device from a spatial distribution of the reflected multichromatic light beam in the image plane and a position of the optical detection unit relative to the product, wherein, within an interval of the spatial distribution of intensity values ​​of the reflected multichromatic light beam in the image plane extending over at least two pixels of the image sensor, the intensity value for each pixel is captured by means of the processing device, wherein, from the respective intensity values, a position of a median and / or mode of the spatial distribution in the image plane is determined by means of the processing device.

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical materials, and particularly discloses a primary battery effect hydrogen production anti-oxidation hydrogel microneedle patch and preparation and application thereof.The method comprises the following steps that a polyvinyl alcohol solution, a hydroformylated bacterial cellulose solution, a quaternized chitosan solution and a silver nanowire dispersion liquid are prepared; preparing a needle tip solution; preparing a lower substrate solution; preparing an upper-layer substrate solution; preparing a microneedle patch primary product; and carrying out salting-out treatment on the primary product of the microneedle patch by using a sulfate solution to obtain the hydrogen-producing antioxidant hydrogel microneedle patch based on the primary battery effect. According to the primary battery effect hydrogen production anti-oxidation hydrogel microneedle patch and preparation and application, the patch can spontaneously generate therapeutic micro-current and hydrogen in a wound microenvironment, photo-thermal antibiosis and drug activity are cooperated, and then multi-mechanism synergistic treatment of chronic refractory wounds such as diabetes and the like is achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of ship environmental protection equipment, and discloses a ship modular oily water separation tank with a composite anti-corrosion structure, which comprises an oil-water separation tank body and a round seal head, and high-corrosion risk pipes are arranged on the oil-water separation tank body and the round seal head. The polytetrafluoroethylene coating is arranged to improve the high temperature resistance and oily water corrosion resistance of the oil-water separation tank body and the round sealing head, the hot galvanizing layer is arranged to enhance the atmosphere moisture corrosion resistance of the oil-water separation tank body and the round sealing head, the zinc alloy sacrificial anode block and the outer walls of the oil-water separation tank body and the round sealing head form a primary battery, and an oxidation reaction is preferentially carried out; the inner-layer polytetrafluoroethylene sealing tape, the outer-layer polytetrafluoroethylene sealing tape and the silicon rubber anti-corrosion sealant form physical sealing, oily water is prevented from permeating into welding gaps, crevice corrosion is avoided, and a double barrier is formed with electrochemical protection.

The invention relates to the technical field of glass grinding wastewater recovery treatment, and discloses a wastewater recovery device and a recovery method for glass grinding wastewater, the wastewater recovery device comprises an electric flocculation reactor, an inclined tube sedimentation tank and a vertical centrifugal dehydrator which are sequentially communicated along a wastewater treatment flow; the electric flocculation reactor comprises a reaction cylinder, a cathode electrode plate and an anode electrode plate, the cathode electrode plate is fixed on the peripheral side of an inner cavity of the reaction cylinder, the anode electrode plate is rotationally arranged in the middle of the reaction cylinder, and the cathode electrode plate and the anode electrode plate form a primary battery effect in the wastewater to perform electric flocculation treatment on the wastewater. Under the rotation of the anode electrode plate, the rotation track of the anode electrode plate forms a cylindrical shape, and at the moment, stirring blades arranged on a stirring rod rotate along with the interior of the cylindrical shape and generate downward thrust, so that a dynamic process that wastewater and suspended particles flow upwards from the outer side of the anode electrode plate and then flow downwards from the inner side of the anode electrode plate can be formed in the reaction cylinder; and flocculation products are concentrated at the bottom of the reaction cylinder.

The utility model provides a contact device, a relay and electric equipment. Relates to the technical field of electronic devices. The contact device comprises a contact body, a contact piece and a connecting piece. The contact element is connected with an external circuit; one of the contact piece and the contact body is a copper piece, and the other one of the contact piece and the contact body is an aluminum piece; the connecting piece is arranged between the contact body and the contact piece. The contact body and the contact piece are connected into a whole through the connecting piece, so that the problems of corrosion of a primary battery and difficult combination caused by direct contact of the contact piece and the contact body are avoided, the conductivity between the contact piece and the contact body is ensured, the connection strength of the contact piece and the contact body is improved, the service life of the contact device is prolonged, and the service life of the contact device is prolonged. The connection resistance between the contact device and the busbar is reduced, and the use performance of the contact device is improved.

The present application discloses a wear-resistant structure for a laterite nickel ore autoclave, comprising an autoclave body, an insulating sleeve, and a wear-resistant plate. An accommodating cavity is formed in the autoclave body, and a first mounting slot is formed on the inner wall of the accommodating cavity. The insulating sleeve is embedded in the first mounting slot, and a second mounting slot is formed on the insulating sleeve. The wear-resistant plate is embedded in the second mounting slot, wherein the insulating sleeve blocks the flow of electrical charges between the wear-resistant plate and the autoclave body. The insulating sleeve is embedded in the first mounting slot, and the wear-resistant plate is embedded in the second mounting slot, so that the wear-resistant plate can be fixed inside the autoclave body, thereby improving the wear resistance of a stirring area by means of the wear-resistant plate. In addition, since the insulating sleeve blocks the flow of the electrical charges between the wear-resistant plate and the autoclave body, the galvanic effect between the wear-resistant plate and the autoclave body can be prevented, avoiding accelerated corrosion of the autoclave body caused by the galvanic effect from different types of metals, thereby prolonging the service life of the autoclave.

The invention relates to a cell holder (1) comprising a separating wall (2) and two sliding guide elements (3) which are provided on opposite edges of the separating wall (2) and are configured so that when arranged in a packaging space (4) of a module frame (5) each is supported via sliding guide surfaces (6) that positively fit sliding guide rails (7) on the module frame (5), wherein at least two cell holders (1) can be stacked orthogonally in relation to a plane of extension (E) of the separating wall (2) to form a cell receptacle for a galvanic cell (8), wherein in their stacked condition cell holders (1) can be moved relative to the module frame (5) and relative to one another in the stacking direction (SR). The cell holder according to the invention is characterized by at least one through-hole (9) which extends through each sliding guide element (3) in the stacking direction (SR), the cross-sectional shape of the through-hole (9) being adapted to the cross-sectional shape of an assembly rod (10) so that the assembly rod (10) can pass through the through-hole (9) in the stacking direction (SR).

The invention discloses a passivation solution, a preparation method of the passivation solution and a construction process of a metal composite coating, and aims to solve the problem of effective passivation treatment on the surface of an exposed steel substrate after thermal spraying of an anode metal coating. Aiming at the problem of bimetal primary battery effect occurring in the passivation stage of a thermal spraying anode metal coating simultaneously existing on a steel substrate and the surface of the steel substrate, the passivation solution comprehensively utilizes the film-forming properties of phytic acid, silane and polyaniline, is supplemented with a metal accelerant, an oxidizing agent and titanium salt, and optimizes the pH value of the passivation solution to be faintly acid of 5-6; the thermal spraying anode metal coating is protected to the maximum extent, meanwhile, the passivation effect on an exposed steel base body is effectively achieved, the corrosion resistance of the exposed metal base body under the thermal spraying anode metal composite coating is achieved, and therefore the long-acting protection life of the thermal spraying anode metal composite coating is greatly prolonged.

Method and device for performing an electrochemical assays. A microfluidic device including anode and cathode electrodes capable of forming a Galvanic cell is described. In the presence of target analyte the Galvanic cell is completed and voltage or current can be measured and related to the amount of analyte present.

The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum-based primary batteries, and discloses an alkaline ionic liquid electrolyte which is obtained by carrying out coordination reaction on AlCl3, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and Cl <-> in alkali metal chlorate, the general formula of the raw material component is AaEbXc, A is aluminum chloride, E is 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, and X is alkali metal chlorate; 0.4 < = a < = 0.8, 0.9 < = b < = 1, and 0 < = c < = 0.1. According to the invention, the basic ionic liquid electrolyte is adopted to replace the traditional acidic ionic liquid electrolyte for the first time, the composition of active ions / molecular groups is changed, stable existence of free Cl <-> and alkali metal cations is promoted, and the electrochemical performance of aluminum-carbon fluoride and aluminum-sulfur primary batteries can be remarkably improved; the material shows higher specific discharge capacity, discharge voltage platform and excellent rate capability, and can effectively consider the advantages of high energy density, excellent safety performance, low cost, wide working temperature range and the like.

Embodiments of the present application provide a shell and an electronic device, and relate to the technical field of electronic device shells. The shell comprises a metal appearance piece and a protective stack, and the protective stack covers the surface of the metal appearance piece. The protective stack comprises an insulating protective layer and a wear-resistant protective layer arranged in a stack, and the wear-resistant protective layer is located on the side of the insulating protective layer away from the metal appearance piece. The setting of the protective stack comprising the insulating protective layer can reduce the risk of galvanic reaction when the metal appearance piece and other metal components with different materials from the metal appearance piece are in contact, thereby causing corrosion and damage of the metal appearance piece and other metal components. On this basis, the setting of the protective stack also comprises the wear-resistant protective layer, so that the protective stack not only plays an insulating role, but also plays a wear-resistant and scratch-resistant role, improving the protection effect of the protective stack on the metal appearance piece. Moreover, the wear-resistant protective layer can protect the insulating protective layer, reducing the risk of damage to the insulating protective layer.

The utility model discloses an anti-caking quartz sand magnetic separation filter device, which relates to the technical field of impurity removal and purification, and comprises a reaction box, a reaction tank is arranged in the reaction box, an ion exchange membrane is fixedly arranged in the middle of the reaction tank, two leads are fixedly arranged in one side of the reaction box, and the two leads are connected with the reaction tank. A connecting pipeline is fixedly arranged on one side of the reaction box, and a water pump is fixedly arranged at the other end of the connecting pipeline; according to the utility model, the quartz sand is fed into the reaction box through the blanking plate for pickling, and hydrofluoric acid and a small amount of silicon in the quartz sand can generate a primary battery in a closed circuit, so that fluorine ions can be gathered on the right side part of the reaction tank; electricity generated by the primary battery is supplied to the water pump, so that waste water containing fluorine ions is pumped into the fluorine ion reaction tank and reacts with sulfuric acid in the fluorine ion reaction tank to generate hydrofluoric acid for recycling, and the purity of the quartz sand is improved.

The present invention is directed to a method of controlling the selectivity of an electrocatalyst for a carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR), which method comprises selecting a magnetic topological semimetal from Space Group P63, or Pm3m and applying a magnetic field (B) to the compound, The invention is further directed to an electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction cell, comprising a magnetic topological semimetal from Space Group P63, or Pm3m under a magnetic field of >50μT; and the use of a magnetic field of >50μT for controlling the selectivity of an electrocatalyst for a carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR).

The utility model discloses a scale inhibition and sterilization device based on multiple alloy materials, which comprises an inlet reducer, a scale inhibition and sterilization device barrel and an outlet reducer which are connected in sequence, and multiple stages of sterilization rod components which are arranged at fixed intervals are arranged in the scale inhibition and sterilization device barrel. Each stage of sterilization rod assembly comprises a plurality of parallel alloy scale inhibition and sterilization rods, two ends of each alloy scale inhibition and sterilization rod are fixedly connected with the scale inhibition and sterilization device barrel, the inlet reducer is connected with the water inlet end pipeline, and the outlet reducer is connected with the water outlet end pipeline. And the sterilization rod assemblies are arranged in rows and are sequentially arranged in a staggered manner at an angle of 30 degrees from the water inlet end to the water outlet end. According to the utility model, the sterilization rod is prepared from various alloy materials such as copper, zinc and tin, various mechanisms such as metal ion sterilization and primary battery are utilized, the scale inhibition and sterilization effects of wastewater are realized, the device is suitable for various wastewater treatment scenes such as reverse osmosis water supply, scale inhibition and sterilization of circulating water and the like, and the dosing cost of the system is greatly reduced while the good scale inhibition and sterilization effects are realized.

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum, and discloses a multi-anticorrosion tool and a casing system. The anti-corrosion tool comprises an anti-corrosion cylinder and fixing assemblies, the anti-corrosion cylinder is arranged on the outer side of the sleeve in a sleeving mode, the two ends of the anti-corrosion cylinder are each provided with one fixing assembly, each fixing assembly comprises a pressing ring and a conductive fixing part, the pressing rings abut against the anti-corrosion cylinder, the conductive fixing parts sequentially penetrate through the pressing rings and the anti-corrosion cylinder and are screwed on the sleeve, and the anti-corrosion cylinder is fixed to the sleeve. The anti-corrosion cylinder is made of sacrificial anode materials, and a primary battery is formed by combining surrounding corrosive fluid and utilizing the potential difference between the anti-corrosion cylinder and the sleeve. The anti-corrosion cylinder serves as an anode for dissolution corrosion, and the sleeve serves as a cathode to be protected, so that the corrosion rate of the sleeve is reduced, and the service life is prolonged. A containing cavity is formed between the anti-corrosion cylinder and the sleeve in a surrounding mode and filled with an anti-corrosion agent. And after the anti-corrosion cylinder is used as an anode and is completely dissolved and corroded, the anti-corrosion agent is in contact with the corrosive fluid and is dissolved and released to continuously protect the sleeve, so that the service life of the sleeve is further prolonged.

This invention discloses a device and its application for the deep treatment of aquaculture wastewater using bipolar membrane-assisted struvite crystallization and synergistic electro-Fenton oxidation. The device is a galvanic cell structure, including a tank, a magnesium negative electrode, and a carbon material positive electrode (dissolved oxygen reduced to produce H₂O₂). A bipolar membrane serves as a separator in the middle of the tank, dividing the galvanic cell into a negative electrode chamber and a positive electrode chamber. Under the potential difference between the magnesium negative electrode and the carbon material positive electrode, the bipolar membrane spontaneously drives water dissociation, producing acids and bases. After the aquaculture wastewater is added to the positive electrode chamber and / or the negative electrode chamber, driven by the self-generated electric field of the galvanic cell, the negative electrode chamber removes nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants from the wastewater through struvite crystallization and recovers the struvite crystals as resource-based fertilizer. The positive electrode chamber performs Fenton oxidation treatment on the wastewater, achieving organic matter degradation and microbial inactivation. This device has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It achieves efficient treatment of aquaculture wastewater using a galvanic cell model and shows broad application prospects in environmental protection technology research and experimental development.

The application provides an LED packaging structure and a lighting or display device, wherein the LED chip and the packaging glue are covered by a lens, and a cavity is formed between the lens and the base; the cavity is sequentially provided with a salt mist prevention layer and a fluorescent powder layer from outside to inside, or the cavity is provided with the fluorescent powder layer and the surface of the LED chip is coated with the salt mist prevention layer, so that the corrosion of the LED chip by salt mist is inhibited; further, the salt mist prevention layer comprises a branched chain of a triazolophane compound combined to an epoxy resin to form a polymer film layer, so as to combine the chloride ions in the salt mist. In this way, by the triazolophane compound, on one hand, the chloride ions in the salt mist can be fixed and cannot move freely, and on the other hand, a double electric layer effect can be formed, the penetration of the chloride ions is shielded by electrostatic action, and finally the electrolyte concentration is reduced and the original cell effect cannot be formed.

Systems and methods for recovery of molten metal are generally described. Certain systems comprise a reactor (e.g., a reduction cell such as an electrolytic cell comprising an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte) comprising molten metal within a container; and a collection vessel at least partially contained within the container of the reactor, the collection vessel comprising an opening fluidically connected to the container of the reactor. Some systems comprise a reactor; and a collection vessel comprising a first opening fluidically connected to the reactor and a second opening fluidically connected to a source of gas (e.g., inert gas) and to a source of negative pressure.

This invention relates to the fabrication and application of a biomass-based, scalable protective film, belonging to the field of zinc-ion battery technology. A transparent black microfluidic liquid is formed by stirring 15 mg / ml carrageenan and 1 mg / ml CNT for 24 hours. 1 ml of this liquid is dropped onto a polished zinc foil and evenly coated using a 100 nm scraper. The foil is then dried in a 60°C oven for 12 hours to obtain a C-CNT@Zn anode. Carrageenan is a negatively charged biomolecule derived from red algae, possessing both environmentally friendly properties and the ability to adsorb Zn. 2+ And repel OH ‑ With SO4 2‑ The presence of anions reduces the occurrence of side reactions. The introduction of CNTs not only significantly improves conductivity but also enhances Zn by constructing a dense interfacial structure. 2+ The concentration of Zn on the zinc surface was effectively increased by this interfacial charge modulation effect. 2+ The local concentration of Zn stabilized the depositional environment. This was achieved by enhancing the interfacial relationship between Zn and the depositional environment. 2+ The adsorption capacity of C-CNT biofilms facilitates uniform zinc deposition and mitigates the occurrence of HER side reactions. Therefore, C-CNT@Zn symmetric cells can achieve a 2 mA cm⁻¹ galvanic cell. ‑2 Achieving an ultra-long cycle life of up to 5500 hours at high current densities, the AZIB demonstrates exceptional stability. This research presents a scalable and efficient strategy aimed at improving the long-term performance of the AZIB in practical energy storage applications.

The invention relates to the field of training, specifically to a teaching device for demonstrating the production of electric power by electrolysis using low-cost materials and substances, and can be used in universities and colleges, as well as in research institutions for experimental studies.The device, according to the invention, comprises a first container (1) with water (2), wherein are placed a thermocouple (11) and a second container (3) with a table salt solution (4), in the latter being concentrically placed a steel cylinder (5), an iron wire (6) in the form of a cylindrical spring and a steel rod (7). In the upper part of the iron wire (6) and the steel rod (7) is placed a gas bell (13), to which is connected the first end of a first gas tube (14). The device also comprises a third (15) and a fourth (16) container for water (2), at the same time the fourth container (16) is placed upside down in the third container (15), and in the fourth container (16) are placed the second end of the first gas tube (14) and the first end of the second gas tube (17), the second end of which being led outward and provided with a plug. The device also comprises a first electrical switch (18), a second electrical switch (21), a precision voltmeter (12), a pulse generator (22), a first (24) and a second (26) electronic switches, an inverter (23), an electric battery (27), a capacitor (25), a voltage converter (28) and a battery of galvanic cells (19).

The present development relates to a hydrogen supply system and a pressure reducer (20) for a hydrogen supply system (8), wherein the pressure reducer (20) comprises: - a galvanic cell (30) having an anode (23), a cathode (24) and a membrane (25) arranged between the anode (23) and the cathode (24), - a high-pressure side (21) in flow connection with the anode (23) and which can be coupled to a hydrogen storage device (10), - a low-pressure side (22) which is in flow connection with the cathode (24) and which can be coupled to a consumer (6).

The invention discloses valve body casting production equipment and a preparation process thereof, belongs to the technical field of intelligent casting, and solves the problems that when a shot blasting machine in a valve body casting production line is used for carbon steel and stainless steel mixed line production, stainless steel shots are easily polluted by carbon steel shot fragments, carbon steel particles are embedded into a stainless steel matrix under high pressure, and the production efficiency is high. An electrochemical corrosion primary battery is formed, a passive film is damaged to cause pitting corrosion, and corrosion resistance standards of API 600, ASTM A351 and the like are violated; if parameters of a shot blasting process are improper, the sealing surface of the valve seat is cold-hardened, the toughness is reduced, microcracks are induced, and subsequently, a compact sealing surface is easy to expand and leak or a valve body is broken. In the process of producing a casting of the valve body, the surface stress state and near surface defects can be monitored by emitting detection laser to the valve body and analyzing a reflected signal during polishing, and when abnormality is detected, a power supply of the shot blasting machine is immediately cut off, and the shot valve is closed to terminate the machining process.

The invention relates to a composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, and the composite material comprises a base material, and an anodic oxide film layer, a basic plating layer, a functional plating layer and a color plating layer which are sequentially arranged on one surface of the base material from inside to outside, the functional plating layers comprise a plurality of first functional plating layers and a plurality of second functional plating layers which are alternately arranged; metal elements in the first functional plating layer are different from metal elements in the second functional plating layer, or the first functional plating layer contains metal elements and the second functional plating layer does not contain metal elements. According to the composite material provided by the invention, the plurality of first functional plating layers and the plurality of second functional plating layers are alternately arranged, so that the longitudinal resistance values of the functional plating layers are increased, the corrosion of a primary battery during a corrosion test is weakened, meanwhile, the compactness of the functional plating layers is also improved, the defects of a film layer are reduced, and the service life of the film layer is prolonged. And the wear resistance of the composite material is enhanced.

The present invention discloses a green electrochemical ammonia production method, comprising a reduction cell and an oxidation cell separated by a proton-conductive / exchange membrane. The method employs an electrolyte containing metal salts capable of participating in electrochemical reactions, aromatic mediators, and organic solvents to achieve an efficient conversion of nitrogen to ammonia under ambient temperature and pressure. At the cathode, lithium deposition and nitrogen activation occur, generating lithium nitride via the aromatic mediator, which is subsequently protonated to release ammonia. At the anode, a hydrogen oxidation reaction provides a continuous and stable proton source. The invention offers high selectivity, energy efficiency, and modular scalability, serving as a sustainable alternative to the conventional energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process, and is applicable to green processes for ammonia fuels, fertilizers, and hydrogen storage carriers.

This invention belongs to the field of aluminum-based galvanic cell technology and discloses an alkaline ionic liquid electrolyte, which is composed of AlCl3 and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and Cl from an alkali metal chloride salt. ‑ The reaction proceeds to obtain the product through a coordination reaction; the general formula of the starting material is A. a E b X c A is aluminum chloride, E is 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, and X is an alkali metal chloride; 0.4 ≤ a ≤ 0.8, 0.9 ≤ b ≤ 1, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.1. This invention is the first to propose using an alkaline ionic liquid electrolyte to replace the traditional acidic ionic liquid electrolyte, changing the composition of the active ion / molecular groups and promoting the release of free Cl... ‑ The stable presence of alkali metal cations can significantly improve the electrochemical performance of aluminum-carbon fluoride and aluminum-sulfur primary batteries, exhibiting higher discharge specific capacity, discharge voltage plateau and excellent rate performance, effectively balancing advantages such as high energy density, excellent safety performance, low cost and wide operating temperature range.

A metal-air battery having an anode is disclosed. As the diameter and / or thickness of the anode changes during use, a rotating wheel or a spring-loaded brush moves to compensate. This configuration enables the efficient utilization of a very thin anode.