Novel data center comprehensive thermal management system and method based on composite liquid cooling technology

Abstract

The invention provides a novel data center comprehensive thermal management system and method based on a composite liquid cooling technology. The novel data center comprehensive thermal management system comprises a photovoltaic power generation module, a composite liquid cooling heat dissipation module and a waste heat recovery module. The photovoltaic power generation module is used for providing electric energy for the composite liquid cooling heat dissipation module and the waste heat recovery module; the composite liquid cooling heat dissipation module comprises a cabinet, a micro electrostatic spray cooling unit and a heat exchange module; the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit is used for locally cooling the to-be-cooled element; the heat exchange module comprises a heat exchanger, a first high-voltage electrostatic generator and a guide assembly; the waste heat recovery module is connected with the heat exchanger and used for recovering heat energy in the third cooling liquid after heat exchange, converting the heat energy into electric energy and storing the electric energy into the photovoltaic power generation module. The photovoltaic power generation module, the composite liquid cooling heat dissipation module and the waste heat recovery module are coupled, an immersion type and electrostatic spraying composite cooling technology is adopted, energy efficiency management is optimized, and finally the energy utilization efficiency of the data center is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of thermal management of electronic components, and in particular relates to a novel integrated thermal management system and method for a data center based on composite liquid cooling technology. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of big data applications such as information technology and the Internet of Things, data centers, as core infrastructure of the digital age, are facing severe thermal management challenges. Currently, data center cooling methods are primarily divided into air cooling and liquid cooling. Traditional air cooling technology has low energy efficiency and cannot meet the needs of high-density heat dissipation. Liquid cooling technology can be divided into direct liquid cooling and indirect liquid cooling, depending on whether the liquid working fluid is in direct contact with the heat-generating components. Indirect liquid cooling typically has a relatively complex structure and high thermal resistance, such as liquid cold plates. Direct liquid cooling, on the other hand, typically uses full immersion or liquid spray / jet, relying on liquid flow or boiling to remove heat and achieve rapid cooling. Due to its excellent heat dissipation capabilities, it has great potential for addressing the high-heat density heat dissipation challenges of data centers.

[0003] However, traditional immersion liquid cooling systems rely primarily on natural convection of the working fluid to dissipate heat, so their heat dissipation efficiency is often limited. Under high heat flux load conditions, due to the complex overall structure of the data center and the large differences in heat generation between various parts of the cabinet, problems such as insufficient working fluid circulation and local flow dead zones are very likely to occur, resulting in a significant decrease in heat dissipation efficiency, which in turn leads to serious consequences such as local overheating, reduced equipment stability, and even downtime. In addition, current data centers generally have problems such as high energy consumption and low energy utilization efficiency (PUE), and energy efficiency management strategies urgently need to be optimized. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above technical problems, the present invention provides a new data center comprehensive thermal management system and method based on composite liquid cooling technology. By coupling photovoltaic power generation modules, composite liquid cooling heat dissipation modules and waste heat recovery modules, and adopting "immersion + electrostatic spray" composite cooling technology, energy efficiency management is optimized, and the heat dissipation efficiency of high heat flux density in data centers is improved, ultimately achieving a significant improvement in the energy utilization efficiency of data centers.

[0005] Note that the inclusion of these objectives does not preclude the existence of other objectives. One embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily achieve all of the above objectives. Objectives other than the above objectives may be extracted from the description of the specification, drawings, and claims.

[0006] The present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0007] A new data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology, including a photovoltaic power generation module, a composite liquid cooling module, and a waste heat recovery module;

[0008] The photovoltaic power generation module is connected to the composite liquid cooling and heat dissipation module and the waste heat recovery module respectively, and is used to provide electrical energy to the composite liquid cooling and heat dissipation module and the waste heat recovery module;

[0009] The composite liquid cooling heat dissipation module includes a cabinet, a micro electrostatic spray cooling unit and a heat exchange module; a vertical partition is provided in the cabinet; the partition divides the cabinet into a first cavity and a third cavity; the first cavity is used to accommodate a first coolant and an element to be cooled, and a plurality of electrodes are also installed in the first cavity; a plurality of second cavities are provided on the outer wall of the element to be cooled; the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit is arranged in the second cavity, and the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit is used to locally cool the element to be cooled;

[0010] The heat exchange module is disposed in the third cavity, and includes a heat exchanger, a first high-voltage electrostatic generator, and a guide assembly; the heat exchanger is configured to receive a third coolant via a liquid circulation loop and cool the first coolant using the third coolant; the first high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected to electrodes in the first cavity to form a high-voltage electrostatic field, thereby forming an electric convection layer on the heating surface of the component to be cooled; the guide assembly guides the first coolant in the first cavity to the heat exchanger, and the first coolant is cooled by the third coolant in the heat exchanger and then flows back into the first cavity;

[0011] The waste heat recovery module is connected to the heat exchanger and is used to recover the heat energy in the third coolant after heat exchange, and convert the heat energy into electrical energy and store it in the photovoltaic power generation module.

[0012] In the above solution, the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit includes a pressure relief valve, a control device, a second condenser, a nozzle, a second coolant, a second high-voltage electrostatic generator, an overflow plate, a capillary tube, a liquid storage tank and a solenoid valve;

[0013] The second high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected to the nozzle, and the pressure relief valve is arranged at the top of the second cavity to ensure the safe operation of the device; the second coolant is stored in the liquid storage tank, and the overflow plate is vertically placed on the side of the liquid storage tank to separate the liquid storage tank from the second high-voltage electrostatic generator; the solenoid valve is arranged on the pipe connecting the nozzle and the liquid storage tank; the control device is respectively connected to the solenoid valve and the second high-voltage electrostatic generator; the second condenser is located on the top inner wall of the second cavity, condenses the superheated vapor after the spray action and exchanges heat with the first coolant; a number of capillaries are located at the bottom of the liquid storage tank, which are used to transport the second coolant to the bottom of the second cavity to prevent the second coolant from flowing out of the liquid storage tank in large quantities due to gravity; after the second coolant evaporates on the superheated surface, it flows upward to the vicinity of the condenser for condensation.

[0014] Furthermore, the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit also includes a temperature sensor; the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the local area of ​​the outer wall of the element to be cooled corresponding to the second cavity where the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit is located, and transmit it to the control device; the control device compares the local area temperature with a preset threshold value, and when the local area temperature exceeds the upper limit of the preset threshold value, controls the second high-voltage electrostatic generator to apply voltage to the nozzle, and opens the solenoid valve to spray the second coolant on the local area of ​​the element to be cooled, and controls the opening of the solenoid valve according to the size of the local area temperature. When it is monitored that the local area temperature drops to the lower limit of the preset threshold value, the solenoid valve is controlled to close so that the nozzle stops working.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a general control device; the general control device is connected to the control device and guide component of each micro electrostatic spray cooling unit respectively; the control device transmits the local area temperature detected by the temperature sensor to the general control device, and the general control device calculates the temperature average of the multiple local area temperatures received. When the temperature average exceeds the upper limit of the preset value, the guide component is controlled to accelerate the circulation rate of the first coolant.

[0016] In the above solution, the guide assembly includes a guide pipe, a throttle valve and a first circulation pump;

[0017] At least one group of through holes is provided on the partition; each group of through holes includes a liquid inlet through hole and a liquid outlet through hole, the liquid inlet through hole is connected to one end of the first guide pipe, the other end of the first guide pipe is connected to the inlet of the first circulation pump, the outlet of the first circulation pump is connected to one end of the second guide pipe, and the other end of the second guide pipe passes through the heat exchanger and is connected to the liquid outlet through hole;

[0018] The throttle valve is installed on the first guide pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, the partition is provided with multiple groups of through holes arranged in a matrix; the liquid inlet through holes in each group of through holes are connected to the first guide pipe through branch pipes; the liquid outlet through holes in each group of through holes are connected to the second guide pipe through branch pipes.

[0020] Furthermore, the partition is provided with a plurality of groups of through holes arranged in a matrix; each group of through holes is individually connected to a first circulation pump.

[0021] In the above solution, the waste heat recovery module includes a heater, a steam turbine, a generator, a first condenser and a second circulating pump;

[0022] The heat exchanger is connected to the heater, the steam turbine, the first condenser and the second circulation pump in sequence through pipelines to form a liquid circulation loop, and the generator is connected to the steam turbine; the heater is used to heat the third coolant after heat exchange and collect the third coolant vapor; the steam turbine uses the high-temperature and high-pressure third coolant vapor to convert thermal energy into mechanical energy; the generator is connected to the photovoltaic power generation module to convert the mechanical energy generated by the steam turbine into electrical energy and store it in the photovoltaic power generation module; the first condenser is used to cool the third coolant vapor, and the second circulation pump collects the third coolant and recycles it into the heat exchanger.

[0023] In the above scheme, the top cover of the cabinet includes a first top cover, a second top cover, a first drive device and a second drive device; the first top cover is located at the top of the first cavity, one side of the first top cover is hinged to the top of the partition through a hinge, and the other side of the first top cover is provided with a handle; the second top cover is located at the top of the third cavity, one side of the second top cover is hinged to the top of the partition through a hinge, and the other side of the second top cover is provided with a handle; the first drive device is connected to the first top cover for driving the opening and closing of the first top cover, and the second drive device is connected to the second top cover for driving the opening and closing of the second top cover.

[0024] A control method for a novel data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology includes the following steps:

[0025] The photovoltaic power generation module provides electrical energy to the composite liquid cooling module and the waste heat recovery module;

[0026] The component to be cooled is immersed in the first coolant, the first high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected to the electrode in the first cavity to form a high-voltage electrostatic field, and an electric convection layer is formed on the heating surface of the component to be cooled;

[0027] The guide assembly guides the first coolant in the first cavity to the heat exchanger, and the first coolant is cooled by the third coolant in the heat exchanger and then flows back into the first cavity;

[0028] The temperature sensor detects the temperature of a local area of ​​the outer wall of the element to be cooled corresponding to the second cavity where the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit is located, and transmits the temperature to the control device; the control device compares the temperature of the local area with a preset threshold value, and when the temperature of the local area exceeds the upper limit of the preset threshold value, controls the second high-voltage electrostatic generator to apply voltage to the nozzle and open the solenoid valve to spray the second coolant to the local area of ​​the element to be cooled, and controls the opening of the solenoid valve according to the temperature of the local area. When it is monitored that the temperature of the local area drops to the lower limit of the preset threshold value, the solenoid valve is controlled to close so that the nozzle stops working;

[0029] The control device also transmits the local area temperature detected by the temperature sensor to the main control device, and the main control device calculates the temperature average of the received multiple local area temperatures. When the temperature average exceeds the upper limit of the preset value, the control guide component accelerates the circulation rate of the first coolant;

[0030] The heater heats the third coolant after heat exchange and collects the third coolant vapor. The steam turbine uses the high-temperature and high-pressure third coolant vapor to convert thermal energy into mechanical energy. The generator converts the mechanical energy generated by the steam turbine into electrical energy and stores it in the photovoltaic power generation module. The first condenser cools the third coolant vapor, and the second circulating pump collects the third coolant and recycles it into the heat exchanger.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The present invention is a new type of integrated thermal management system for data centers based on composite liquid cooling technology. It adopts an "immersion + electrostatic spray" composite cooling mode, and by coupling photovoltaic power generation modules, composite liquid cooling heat dissipation modules and waste heat recovery modules, it makes efficient use of energy, and can ultimately achieve efficient integrated thermal management of data centers. The present invention forms a high-voltage electrostatic field by connecting a first high-voltage electrostatic generator to an electrode in a first cavity, and forms an electric convection layer on the heating surface of the component to be cooled. This electric convection-enhanced immersion liquid cooling method induces electric convection through a reasonable electrode arrangement, which can greatly enhance the heat exchange process between the heating element and the immersion liquid, and effectively avoid the occurrence of flow dead zones; at the same time, a number of micro-electrostatic spray cooling units are set in potential hotspot areas. When the local temperature rises rapidly and exceeds a predetermined threshold, the micro-electrostatic spray cooling unit at the corresponding position is started to achieve local targeted rapid cooling. In addition, the present invention also integrates photovoltaic power generation and waste heat recovery modules, which greatly saves system energy consumption.

[0033] Note that the description of these effects does not preclude the existence of other effects. One embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have all of the above effects. Effects other than the above can be clearly seen and extracted from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a new data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a through-hole arrangement scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a micro electrostatic spray cooling unit according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. First cavity; 2. First coolant; 3. Second cavity; 4. Component to be cooled; 5. Support portion; 6. Through hole; 7. Partition; 8. Third cavity; 9. Top cover; 10. First high-voltage electrostatic generator; 11. Throttle valve; 12. First circulation pump; 13. Heat exchanger; 14. Third coolant; 15. Photovoltaic power generation module; 151. First photovoltaic power generation unit; 152. Second photovoltaic power generation unit; 153. Third photovoltaic power generation unit; 16. Battery; 17. Second circulation pump; 18. First condenser; 19. Steam turbine; 20. Generator; 21. Heater; 22. Pressure relief valve; 23. Control device; 24. Second condenser; 25. Nozzle; 26. Second coolant; 27. Second high-voltage electrostatic generator; 28. Overflow plate; 29. ​​Capillary; 30. Liquid storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "front", "back", "left", "right", "up", "down", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0040] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0041] Figure 1 The figure shows a preferred embodiment of the new data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology described in the present invention. The new data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology includes a photovoltaic power generation module, a composite liquid cooling heat dissipation module and a waste heat recovery module.

[0042] The photovoltaic power generation module is connected to the composite liquid cooling and heat dissipation module and the waste heat recovery module respectively, and is used to provide electric energy to the composite liquid cooling and heat dissipation module and the waste heat recovery module.

[0043] The composite liquid cooling heat dissipation module includes a cabinet, a micro electrostatic spray cooling unit and a heat exchange module; a vertical partition 7 is provided in the cabinet; the partition 7 divides the cabinet into a first cavity 1 and a third cavity 8; the first cavity 1 is used to accommodate a first coolant 2 and a component to be cooled 4, which can be a component to be cooled that integrates multiple servers and related structures such as wiring. When the component to be cooled 4 is located in the first cavity 1, the component to be cooled 4 is immersed in the first coolant 2. Several electrodes are also installed in the first cavity 1; several second cavities 3 are provided on the outer wall of the element to be cooled 4; the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit is arranged in the second cavity 3, and the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit is used to locally cool the element to be cooled 4; the heat exchange module is arranged in the third cavity 8, and the heat exchange module includes a heat exchanger 13, a first high-voltage electrostatic generator 10 and a guide component; the heat exchanger 13 is used to receive a third coolant 14 via a liquid circulation loop and use the third coolant 14 to cool the first coolant 2; the first high-voltage electrostatic generator 10 is connected to the electrodes in the first cavity 1 to form a high-voltage electrostatic field, which is used to induce electric convection and form an electric convection layer on the heating surface of the element to be cooled 4; the guide component guides the first coolant 2 in the first cavity 1 to the heat exchanger 13, and the first coolant 2 is cooled by the third coolant 14 in the heat exchanger 13 and then flows back into the first cavity 1; the heat exchanger 13 can be used to exchange heat with the first coolant 2 in the first cavity 1, so that the first coolant 2 in the first cavity 1 maintains a low temperature.

[0044] The waste heat recovery module is connected to the heat exchanger 13 and is used to recover the heat energy in the third coolant 14 after heat exchange, and convert the heat energy into electrical energy and store it in the photovoltaic power generation module to achieve waste heat recovery and reuse.

[0045] The composite liquid cooling and heat dissipation module of the present invention forms a high-voltage electrostatic field by connecting the first high-voltage electrostatic generator 10 to the electrodes in the first cavity 1, and forms an electrically driven circulating liquid cooling mode of an electric convection layer on the heating surface of the cooling element 4. This can effectively promote the circulation of the working liquid and significantly improve the cooling and heat dissipation capacity of the device. When the cooling element 4 generates heat, the first cooling liquid 2 in the first cavity 1 exchanges heat with the heating element 4, and the temperature of the first cooling liquid 2 in the first cavity 1 increases. When the system is working, the first high-voltage electrostatic generator 10 is connected to several electrodes in the first cavity 1 to form a high-voltage electrostatic field. Relying on the electric convection effect of the current on the fluid, a dielectrophoretic force is generated on the fluid. Due to the action of gravity and buoyancy, the heat convection moves upward, but due to the action of the dielectrophoretic force, the heat convection is pressed toward the heating surface of the cooling element 4, forming a stable electric convection layer on the heating surface of the cooling element 4. The dielectrophoretic force enhances the fluid disturbance in the electric convection layer, effectively strengthening the mixing of the cold and hot fluids, thereby enhancing the heat exchange effect on the surface of the heating device.

[0046] Figure 3 FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit of the present invention, which includes a pressure relief valve 22, a control device 23, a second condenser 24, a nozzle 25, a second coolant 26, a second high-voltage electrostatic generator 27, an overflow plate 28, a capillary tube 29, a liquid storage tank 30, and a solenoid valve.

[0047] The second high-voltage electrostatic generator 27 is connected to the nozzle 25 to produce electrostatic spray. Preferably, the second high-voltage electrostatic generator 27 can generate a voltage in the range of 0-10 kV. The pressure relief valve 22 is arranged at the top of the second cavity 3 to ensure the safe operation of the device; the second coolant 26 is stored in the liquid reservoir 30, and the overflow plate 28 is vertically placed on the side of the liquid reservoir 30 to separate the liquid reservoir 30 from the second high-voltage electrostatic generator 27; the solenoid valve is arranged on the pipe connecting the nozzle 25 and the liquid reservoir 30; the control device 23 is connected to the solenoid valve and the second high-voltage electrostatic generator 27 respectively; the second condenser 24 is located on the top inner wall of the second cavity 3, condenses the superheated vapor after the spray action and exchanges heat with the first coolant 2; a plurality of capillaries 29 are located at the bottom of the liquid reservoir 30, preferably, the pore size of the capillary 29 ranges from 100 to 500 μm, and is used to transport the second coolant 26 to the bottom of the second cavity 3 to prevent the second coolant 26 from flowing out of the liquid reservoir 30 in large quantities due to gravity; after the second coolant 26 evaporates on the superheated surface, it flows upward to the vicinity of the condenser 24 for condensation.

[0048] The micro electrostatic spray cooling unit also includes a temperature sensor; the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of a local area on the outer wall of the element to be cooled 4 corresponding to the second cavity 3 where the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit is located, and transmit it to the control device 23; the control device 23 compares the temperature of the local area with a preset threshold value. When the temperature of the local area exceeds the upper limit of the preset threshold value, the second high-voltage electrostatic generator 27 is controlled to apply voltage to the nozzle 25, and the solenoid valve is opened to spray the second coolant 26 on the local area of ​​the element to be cooled 4, and the opening of the solenoid valve is controlled according to the size of the local area temperature. When it is monitored that the temperature of the local area drops to the lower limit of the preset threshold value, the solenoid valve is controlled to close so that the nozzle 25 stops working.

[0049] The second cavity 3 has good sealing performance and is fixed to the potential local hot spot area. Micro electrostatic spray cooling units are installed in several second cavities 3 to achieve targeted and rapid cooling of the hot spot area and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the system. The new data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology also includes a master control device;

[0050] The general control device is respectively connected to the control device 23 and the guide component of each micro electrostatic spray cooling unit; the control device 23 transmits the local area temperature detected by the temperature sensor to the general control device, and the general control device calculates the temperature average of the multiple local area temperatures received. When the temperature average exceeds the upper limit of the preset value, the guide component is controlled to accelerate the circulation rate of the first coolant 2.

[0051] The guide assembly includes a guide pipe, a throttle valve 11 and a first circulation pump 12; at least one group of through holes 6 is provided on the partition 7; each group of through holes 6 includes a liquid inlet through hole and a liquid outlet through hole, the liquid inlet through hole is connected to one end of the first guide pipe, the other end of the first guide pipe is connected to the inlet of the first circulation pump 12, the outlet of the first circulation pump 12 is connected to one end of the second guide pipe, and the other end of the second guide pipe passes through the heat exchanger 13 and is connected to the liquid outlet through hole; the throttle valve 11 is installed on the first guide pipe.

[0052] Figure 2 The figure shows a preferred arrangement of the through holes 6 described in the present invention. The partition 7 is provided with multiple groups of through holes 6 arranged in a matrix; the liquid inlet holes in each group of through holes 6 are connected to the first guide pipe through a branch pipe; the liquid outlet holes in each group of through holes 6 are connected to the second guide pipe through a branch pipe, so as to accelerate heat exchange.

[0053] In another embodiment of the present invention, the partition plate 7 is provided with multiple groups of through holes 6 arranged in a matrix; each group of through holes 6 is individually connected to a first circulation pump 12. By providing multiple liquid guide assemblies, the heat dissipation cycle can be successfully completed even if some guide assemblies are damaged, effectively improving work efficiency.

[0054] Preferably, each of the through holes 6 may be circular in shape. It should be understood that in other embodiments, each of the through holes 6 may be other shapes, such as elliptical, rectangular, etc., and the embodiments of the present invention are not strictly limited in this respect.

[0055] The waste heat recovery module includes a heater 21, a steam turbine 19, a generator 20, a first condenser 18 and a second circulating pump 17; the heat exchanger 13 is connected to the heater 21, the steam turbine 19, the first condenser 18 and the second circulating pump 17 in sequence through pipelines to form a liquid circulation loop, and the generator 20 is connected to the steam turbine 19; the heater 21 is used to heat the third coolant 14 after heat exchange and collect the third coolant steam, the steam turbine 19 uses the high-temperature and high-pressure third coolant steam to convert thermal energy into mechanical energy, and the generator 20 is connected to the photovoltaic power generation module to convert the mechanical energy generated by the steam turbine 19 into electrical energy and store it in the photovoltaic power generation module; the first condenser 18 is used to cool the third coolant steam, and the second circulating pump 17 collects the third coolant 14 and recycles it into the heat exchanger 13.

[0056] The photovoltaic power generation module includes a photovoltaic power generation module 15 and a battery 16. The photovoltaic power generation module 15 includes several power generation units, each of which is connected to the battery 16. The electricity generated by the power generation units is stored in the battery 16, which is connected to the composite liquid cooling module and the waste heat recovery module. The battery 16 can be a ternary lithium battery or other types, and the embodiments of the present invention are not strictly limited in this regard. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the power generation units include a first photovoltaic power generation unit 151, a second photovoltaic power generation unit 152, and a third photovoltaic power generation unit 153. Specifically, the first photovoltaic power generation unit 151, the second photovoltaic power generation unit 152, and the third photovoltaic power generation unit 153 each include existing components such as an inverter, a solar panel assembly, a controller, and electronic components. When the light intensity and duration are sufficient, the battery 16 can directly power the first high-voltage electrostatic generator 10 and the first and second circulating pumps 12 and 17. The generator 20 can recover some heat energy and store it in the battery 16, thereby achieving efficient energy utilization.

[0057] Preferably, the top cover 9 of the cabinet includes a first top cover, a second top cover, a first drive device and a second drive device; the first top cover is located at the top of the first cavity 1, one side of the first top cover is hinged to the top of the partition 7 through a hinge, and the other side of the first top cover is provided with a handle; the second top cover is located at the top of the third cavity 8, one side of the second top cover is hinged to the top of the partition 7 through a hinge, and the other side of the second top cover is provided with a handle; the first drive device is connected to the first top cover for driving the opening and closing of the first top cover, and the second drive device is connected to the second top cover for driving the opening and closing of the second top cover.

[0058] It should be understood that in other embodiments, the top cover 9 can be switched between the closed state and the open state in other ways, and the embodiments of the present invention are not strictly limited in this regard.

[0059] Preferably, the top cover 9 can be made of transparent polycarbonate PC material or other types of transparent materials. Through the transparent top cover 9, even when the top cover 9 is completely closed, the operator can observe the operating conditions inside the first cavity 1 and the third cavity 8 through the top cover 9 and promptly understand the operating status of the components to be cooled and the device.

[0060] Preferably, the top cover 9 can be sealed with the first cavity 1 by using a sealing ring made of EPDM or other types of materials to further reduce leakage of the first coolant 2 in the first cavity 1.

[0061] Preferably, the first coolant 2 must be a high-boiling-point dielectric liquid, for example, the first coolant 2 can be a fluorinated liquid or mineral oil. In other embodiments, the first coolant 2 can also be other types, and the embodiments of the present invention are not strictly limited in this respect.

[0062] Preferably, the second coolant 26 and the third coolant 14 are low-boiling-point, volatile dielectric liquids. For example, the third coolant 14 may be a hydrofluoroether. In other embodiments, the third coolant 14 may be other types, and the embodiments of the present invention are not strictly limited in this respect. The second coolant 26 may be a liquid composed of water, ethanol, and a charge neutralizer. In other embodiments, the second coolant 26 may be a volatile dielectric liquid composed of other components.

[0063] Preferably, a support portion 5 is provided at the bottom of the cabinet; an insulating thin layer with a thickness of 200-300 μm is spin-coated on the upper surface of the support portion 5. The support portion 5 needs to be grounded to eliminate interference of high-voltage static electricity on system operation.

[0064] A control method for a novel data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology includes the following steps:

[0065] The photovoltaic power generation module is arranged on the top of the data center building, converting solar energy directly into electrical energy and storing it in the battery 16 to provide power to the composite liquid cooling module and the waste heat recovery module;

[0066] The component to be cooled 4 is immersed in the first coolant 2, and the first circulating pump 12 is kept in operation for a long time, so that the coolant is always in a flowing state, thereby strengthening the immersion heat exchange process. The first high-voltage electrostatic generator 10 is connected to the electrodes in the first cavity 1 to form a high-voltage electrostatic field to induce electric convection and form an electric convection layer on the heating surface of the component to be cooled 4; the electrodes are preferably arranged at the corners of the first cavity 1 and the concentrated heating area of ​​the component to be cooled 4 (the concentrated heating area of ​​different components to be cooled (4) can be obtained in advance through experiments) to eliminate the dead zone of the coolant flow;

[0067] The guide assembly guides the first coolant 2 in the first cavity 1 to the heat exchanger 13. The first coolant 2 is cooled by the third coolant 14 in the heat exchanger 13 and then flows back into the first cavity 1.

[0068] The temperature sensor detects the temperature of the local area of ​​the outer wall of the to-be-cooled element 4 corresponding to the second cavity 3 where the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit is located, and transmits it to the control device 23; the control device 23 compares the temperature of the local area with a preset threshold value. When the temperature of the local area exceeds the upper limit of the preset threshold value, the second high-voltage electrostatic generator 27 is controlled to apply voltage to the nozzle 25 and open the solenoid valve to spray the second coolant 26 on the local area of ​​the to-be-cooled element 4, and the opening of the solenoid valve is controlled according to the temperature of the local area. The electrostatic spray form and the range of action can be adjusted by adjusting the voltage value of the second high-voltage electrostatic generator 27. The second coolant 26 continuously evaporates and condenses in the second cavity 3, and this is repeated to achieve efficient phase change heat transfer; when it is monitored that the temperature of the local area drops to the lower limit of the preset threshold value, the solenoid valve is controlled to close so that the nozzle 25 stops working;

[0069] The control device 23 also transmits the local area temperature detected by the temperature sensor to the main control device, which calculates the temperature average of the received multiple local area temperatures. When the temperature average exceeds the upper limit of the preset value, the control guide component accelerates the circulation rate of the first coolant 2;

[0070] The heater 21 heats the third coolant 14 after heat exchange and collects the third coolant steam. The steam turbine 19 uses the high-temperature and high-pressure third coolant steam to convert thermal energy into mechanical energy. The generator 20 converts the mechanical energy generated by the steam turbine 19 into electrical energy and stores it in the photovoltaic power generation module. The first condenser 18 cools the third coolant steam, and the second circulation pump 17 collects the third coolant 14 and recycles it into the heat exchanger 13. Specifically, the first coolant 2 after heating and temperature increase transfers heat to the third coolant 14 through the heat exchanger 13. The third coolant 14 after heat exchange enters the heater 21 and is heated and vaporized, and enters the steam turbine 19 to expand and do work. After the work, the low-pressure steam is condensed into liquid in the first condenser 18, compressed and pressurized in the second circulation pump 17, and then re-enters the heat exchanger 13. This process is repeated to realize waste heat recovery and utilization.

[0071] The novel data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology described in the present invention is based on the principle of electrohydrodynamics and uses electrostatic force (the first high-voltage electrostatic generator 10 is connected to the electrodes in the first cavity 1 to form a high-voltage electrostatic field) as the driving force to induce electric convection to achieve cooling medium circulation and flow enhancement, which is particularly suitable for precise and efficient cooling of electronic components with high heat flux density. At the same time, the cooling medium circulation rate and the intensity of electric convection disturbance can be adjusted according to the surface temperature distribution of the component to be cooled 4 by changing the power of the first circulation pump 12 and the voltage of the first high-voltage electrostatic generator 10. When local overheating occurs, the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit starts to work, and the nozzle 25 performs targeted rapid cooling on the hot spot area, greatly improving the utilization rate of the cooling medium and the cooling and heat dissipation efficiency. In addition, by further integrating the photovoltaic power generation module and the waste heat recovery module, efficient integrated thermal management of the data center is ultimately achieved.

[0072] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0073] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent embodiments or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology, characterized in that: Including photovoltaic power generation module, composite liquid cooling module and waste heat recovery module; The photovoltaic power generation module is connected to the composite liquid cooling and heat dissipation module and the waste heat recovery module respectively, and is used to provide electrical energy to the composite liquid cooling and heat dissipation module and the waste heat recovery module; The composite liquid cooling heat dissipation module comprises a cabinet, a micro electrostatic spray cooling unit and a heat exchange module; a vertical partition (7) is provided in the cabinet; the partition (7) divides the cabinet into a first cavity (1) and a third cavity (8); the first cavity (1) is used to accommodate a first cooling liquid (2) and a component to be cooled (4), and a plurality of electrodes are also installed in the first cavity (1); a plurality of second cavities (3) are provided on the outer wall of the component to be cooled (4); the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit is provided in the second cavity (3), and the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit is used to locally cool the component to be cooled (4); The heat exchange module is arranged in the third cavity (8), and the heat exchange module includes a heat exchanger (13), a first high-voltage electrostatic generator (10) and a guide component; the heat exchanger (13) is used to receive the third coolant (14) via a liquid circulation loop and use the third coolant (14) to cool the first coolant (2); the first high-voltage electrostatic generator (10) is connected to the electrode in the first cavity (1) to form a high-voltage electrostatic field, and an electric convection layer is formed on the heating surface of the component to be cooled (4); the guide component guides the first coolant (2) in the first cavity (1) to the heat exchanger (13), and the first coolant (2) is cooled by the third coolant (14) in the heat exchanger (13) and then flows back into the first cavity (1); The waste heat recovery module is connected to the heat exchanger (13) and is used to recover the heat energy in the third coolant (14) after heat exchange, and convert the heat energy into electrical energy and store it in the photovoltaic power generation module.

2. The novel data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The micro electrostatic spray cooling unit comprises a pressure relief valve (22), a control device (23), a second condenser (24), a nozzle (25), a second cooling liquid (26), a second high-voltage electrostatic generator (27), an overflow plate (28), a capillary tube (29), a liquid storage tank (30) and a solenoid valve; The second high-voltage electrostatic generator (27) is connected to the nozzle (25), and the pressure relief valve (22) is arranged at the top of the second cavity (3) to ensure the safety of the device operation; the second coolant (26) is stored in the liquid storage tank (30), and the overflow plate (28) is vertically placed on the side of the liquid storage tank (30) to separate the liquid storage tank (30) from the second high-voltage electrostatic generator (27); the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the pipe connecting the nozzle (25) and the liquid storage tank (30); the control device (23) is respectively connected to the electromagnetic valve and the second high-voltage electrostatic generator (27). The generator (27) is connected; the second condenser (24) is located on the top inner wall of the second cavity (3), condenses the superheated vapor after the spraying action and exchanges heat with the first coolant (2); a plurality of capillaries (29) are located at the bottom of the liquid storage tank (30), used to transport the second coolant (26) to the bottom of the second cavity (3) to prevent the second coolant (26) from flowing out of the liquid storage tank (30) in large quantities due to gravity; after the second coolant (26) evaporates on the superheated surface, it flows upward to the vicinity of the condenser (24) for condensation.

3. The novel data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The micro electrostatic spray cooling unit further comprises a temperature sensor; the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of a local area of ​​the outer wall of the element to be cooled (4) corresponding to the second cavity (3) where the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit is located, and transmit the temperature to the control device (23); the control device (23) compares the temperature of the local area with a preset threshold value, and when the temperature of the local area exceeds the upper limit of the preset threshold value, controls the second high-voltage electrostatic generator (27) to apply voltage to the nozzle (25), and opens the solenoid valve to spray the second coolant (26) to the local area of ​​the element to be cooled (4), and controls the opening of the solenoid valve according to the size of the local area temperature. When it is monitored that the temperature of the local area drops to the lower limit of the preset threshold value, controls the solenoid valve to close so that the nozzle (25) stops working.

4. The novel data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: It also includes a master control unit; The overall control device is connected to the control device (23) and the guide component of each micro electrostatic spray cooling unit respectively; the control device (23) transmits the local area temperature detected by the temperature sensor to the overall control device, and the overall control device calculates the temperature average of the received multiple local area temperatures. When the temperature average exceeds the upper limit of a preset value, the guide component is controlled to accelerate the circulation rate of the first coolant (2).

5. The novel data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The guide assembly comprises a guide pipe, a throttle valve (11) and a first circulation pump (12); The partition (7) is provided with at least one group of through holes (6); each group of through holes (6) includes a liquid inlet through hole and a liquid outlet through hole, the liquid inlet through hole is connected to one end of the first guide pipe, the other end of the first guide pipe is connected to the inlet of the first circulation pump (12), the outlet of the first circulation pump (12) is connected to one end of the second guide pipe, and the other end of the second guide pipe passes through the heat exchanger (13) and is connected to the liquid outlet through hole; The throttle valve (11) is installed on the first guide pipe.

6. The novel data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The partition (7) is provided with a plurality of groups of through holes (6) arranged in a matrix; the liquid inlet through holes in each group of through holes (6) are connected to the first guide pipe via branch pipes; and the liquid outlet through holes in each group of through holes (6) are connected to the second guide pipe via branch pipes.

7. The novel data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The partition plate (7) is provided with a plurality of groups of through holes (6) arranged in a matrix; each group of through holes (6) is independently connected to a first circulation pump (12).

8. The novel data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The waste heat recovery module includes a heater (21), a steam turbine (19), a generator (20), a first condenser (18) and a second circulating pump (17); The heat exchanger (13) is connected to the heater (21), the steam turbine (19), the first condenser (18) and the second circulation pump (17) in sequence through pipelines to form a liquid circulation loop, and the generator (20) is connected to the steam turbine (19); the heater (21) is used to heat the third coolant (14) after heat exchange and collect the third coolant steam, the steam turbine (19) uses the high-temperature and high-pressure third coolant steam to convert thermal energy into mechanical energy, and the generator (20) is connected to the photovoltaic power generation module to convert the mechanical energy generated by the steam turbine (19) into electrical energy and store it in the photovoltaic power generation module; the first condenser (18) is used to cool the third coolant steam, and the second circulation pump (17) collects the third coolant (14) and recycles it into the heat exchanger (13).

9. The novel data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top cover (9) of the cabinet comprises a first top cover, a second top cover, a first drive device and a second drive device; the first top cover is located at the top of the first cavity (1), one side of the first top cover is hinged to the top of the partition (7) through a hinge, and the other side of the first top cover is provided with a handle; the second top cover is located at the top of the third cavity (8), one side of the second top cover is hinged to the top of the partition (7) through a hinge, and the other side of the second top cover is provided with a handle; the first drive device is connected to the first top cover and is used to drive the opening and closing of the first top cover, and the second drive device is connected to the second top cover and is used to drive the opening and closing of the second top cover.

10. A control method for a novel data center integrated thermal management system based on composite liquid cooling technology according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The photovoltaic power generation module provides electrical energy to the composite liquid cooling module and the waste heat recovery module; The component to be cooled (4) is immersed in a first cooling liquid (2), and the first high-voltage electrostatic generator (10) is connected to an electrode in the first cavity (1) to form a high-voltage electrostatic field, thereby forming an electric convection layer on the heating surface of the component to be cooled (4); The guide component guides the first cooling liquid (2) in the first cavity (1) to the heat exchanger (13); the first cooling liquid (2) is cooled by the third cooling liquid (14) in the heat exchanger (13) and then flows back into the first cavity (1); The temperature sensor detects the temperature of a local area of ​​the outer wall of the element to be cooled (4) corresponding to the second cavity (3) where the micro electrostatic spray cooling unit is located, and transmits the temperature to the control device (23); the control device (23) compares the temperature of the local area with a preset threshold value, and when the temperature of the local area exceeds the upper limit of the preset threshold value, controls the second high-voltage electrostatic generator (27) to apply voltage to the nozzle (25), and opens the electromagnetic valve to spray the second coolant (26) to the local area of ​​the element to be cooled (4), and controls the opening of the electromagnetic valve according to the temperature of the local area. When it is monitored that the temperature of the local area drops to the lower limit of the preset threshold value, the electromagnetic valve is controlled to close so that the nozzle (25) stops working; The control device (23) also transmits the local area temperature detected by the temperature sensor to the main control device, and the main control device calculates the temperature average of the received multiple local area temperatures. When the temperature average exceeds the upper limit of the preset value, the control guide component accelerates the circulation rate of the first coolant (2); The heater (21) heats the third coolant (14) after heat exchange and collects the third coolant steam; the steam turbine (19) converts thermal energy into mechanical energy using the high-temperature and high-pressure third coolant steam; the generator (20) converts the mechanical energy generated by the steam turbine (19) into electrical energy and stores it in the photovoltaic power generation module; the first condenser (18) cools the third coolant steam, and the second circulating pump (17) collects the third coolant (14) and recycles it into the heat exchanger (13).

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