Wireless communication method and device

Abstract

A wireless communication method and device, the method comprising: a first device receiving a first target signal and a second target signal on a target time unit, the first target signal comprising a first signal and a second signal, the second target signal comprising a third signal, and the third signal comprising a first signal and a second signal; the first signal and the third signal are sent by a second device in an active emission mode, the second signal is sent by a third device through backscattering of a fourth signal, and the first signal, the third signal and the fourth signal all comprise pilot signals.

Description

Wireless communication method and device Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications, and specifically to a method and device for wireless communications. Background Art

[0002] Zero-power terminals can implement backscatter communication based on radio signals. Due to their low complexity, they only support simple modulation methods, such as amplitude shift keying (ASK). Therefore, when a zero-power terminal is connected to the system, the receiver in the system uses envelope detection to receive the signal sent by the zero-power terminal, which affects the signal reception performance.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a wireless communication method and device, which are conducive to improving the reception performance of signals sent by zero-power devices.

[0005] In a first aspect, a method for wireless communication is provided, comprising: a first device receiving a first target signal and a second target signal at a target time unit, wherein the first target signal includes a first signal and a second signal, the second target signal includes a third signal, the first signal and the third signal are sent by the second device through active transmission, the second signal is sent by the third device through backscattering of a fourth signal, and the first signal, the third signal and the fourth signal all include pilot signals.

[0006] In a second aspect, a method for wireless communication is provided, including: a third device backscatters a fourth signal within a first time period in a target time unit, and does not backscatter the fourth signal within a second time period in the target time unit; the fourth signal is sent by the second device through active transmission, and the fourth signal includes a pilot signal.

[0007] According to a third aspect, a method for wireless communication is provided, comprising: a second device sending a first signal within a first time period in a target time unit, and sending a third signal within a second time period in the target time unit; wherein the first signal and the third signal are sent in an active transmission manner, the first signal and the third signal include a pilot signal, and the first signal is used for backscattering by the third device within the first time period.

[0008] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided for executing the method in the above-mentioned first aspect or its various implementations.

[0009] Specifically, the communication device includes a functional module for executing the method in the above-mentioned first aspect or its various implementation modes.

[0010] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided for executing the method in the above-mentioned second aspect or its various implementations.

[0011] Specifically, the communication device includes a functional module for executing the method in the above-mentioned second aspect or its various implementation modes.

[0012] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided for executing the method in the third aspect or its various implementations.

[0013] Specifically, the communication device includes a functional module for executing the method in the above-mentioned third aspect or its various implementation modes.

[0014] In a seventh aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory. The memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor is configured to call and execute the computer program stored in the memory to perform the method of any one of the first to third aspects or their respective implementations.

[0015] In an eighth aspect, a chip is provided for implementing the method described in any one of the first to third aspects or their respective implementations. Specifically, the chip includes a processor configured to load and execute a computer program from a memory, causing a device equipped with the chip to execute the method described in any one of the first to third aspects or their respective implementations.

[0016] In a ninth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided for storing a computer program, which enables a computer to execute the method of any one of the first to third aspects or their respective implementations.

[0017] In a tenth aspect, a computer program product is provided, comprising computer program instructions, wherein the computer program instructions enable a computer to execute the method of any one of the first to third aspects or their respective implementations.

[0018] In an eleventh aspect, a computer program is provided, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method in any one of the first to third aspects or their respective implementations.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, in both cases when the third device performs backscattering and when the reflecting device does not perform backscattering, the first device uses the pilot signal of the main system to perform channel estimation, thereby obtaining the channel information of the third backscatter link, and further receiving the data sent by the third device based on the channel information of the backscatter link, which can improve the data reception performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a zero-power communication system according to an example of the present application.

[0022] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of energy harvesting according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of backscatter communication according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] FIG5 is a circuit diagram of resistive load modulation according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] FIG6 is an example of an NRZ encoding rule.

[0026] Figure 7 is an example of a Unipolar RZ encoding gauge.

[0027] FIG8 is an example of the Manchester encoding rule.

[0028] FIG9 is an example of a Miller encoding rule.

[0029] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a system applicable to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a symbiotic communication system model provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of signal relationships in a symbiotic communication system.

[0032] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication method provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a backscatter signal provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of another wireless communication method provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of backscattering based on a downlink signal provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of backscattering based on an uplink channel provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] FIG18 is a distribution diagram of a channel estimation time unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] FIG19 is a schematic diagram of a channel estimation or data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 20 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figure 21 is a schematic block diagram of another communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Figure 22 is a schematic block diagram of another communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 23 is a schematic block diagram of another communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 24 is a schematic block diagram of a chip provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Figure 25 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system provided according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. With respect to the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System of Mobile communication (GSM) system, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, New Radio (NR) system, NR system evolution system, LTE on unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, NR on unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) system, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), Wireless Fidelity (Wireless Fidelity) system. Fidelity, WiFi), fifth-generation communication (5th-Generation, 5G) system, cellular Internet of Things system, cellular passive Internet of Things system or other communication systems, etc.

[0047] Generally speaking, traditional communication systems support a limited number of connections and are easy to implement. However, with the development of communication technology, mobile communication systems will not only support traditional communications, but will also support, for example, device-to-device (D2D) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, etc. The embodiments of the present application can also be applied to these communication systems.

[0048] Optionally, the communication system in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a carrier aggregation (CA) scenario, a dual connectivity (DC) scenario, or a standalone (SA) networking scenario.

[0049] Optionally, the communication system in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to an unlicensed spectrum, where the unlicensed spectrum can also be considered as a shared spectrum; or, the communication system in the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to an authorized spectrum, where the authorized spectrum can also be considered as an unshared spectrum.

[0050] The embodiments of the present application describe various embodiments in conjunction with network devices and terminal devices, wherein the terminal device may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or user device, etc.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present application, the network device may be a device for communicating with a mobile device. The network device may be an access point (AP) in WLAN, a base station (BTS) in GSM or CDMA, a base station (NodeB, NB) in WCDMA, an evolved base station (eNB or eNodeB) in LTE, or a relay station or access point, or a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, and a network device (gNB) in an NR network, or a network device in a cellular Internet of Things, or a network device in a cellular passive Internet of Things, or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network or a network device in an NTN network, etc.

[0052] As an example and not a limitation, in an embodiment of the present application, the network device may have a mobile feature, for example, the network device may be a mobile device. Alternatively, the network device may be a satellite or a balloon station. For example, the satellite may be a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite, a medium earth orbit (MEO) satellite, a geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite, a high elliptical orbit (HEO) satellite, etc. Optionally, the network device may also be a base station set up in a location such as land or water.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present application, the network device can provide services for a cell, and the terminal device communicates with the network device through the transmission resources used by the cell (for example, frequency domain resources, or spectrum resources). The cell can be a cell corresponding to the network device (for example, a base station). The cell can belong to a macro base station or a base station corresponding to a small cell. The small cells here may include: metro cells, micro cells, pico cells, femto cells, etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.

[0054] The terminal device can be a station (ST) in a WLAN, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) device, a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a next-generation communication system such as an NR network, or a terminal device in a future evolved Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) network, a terminal device in a cellular Internet of Things, a terminal device in a cellular passive Internet of Things, etc.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on the water surface (such as ships, etc.); it can also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons and satellites, etc.).

[0056] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, or a wireless terminal device in a smart home, etc.

[0057] As an example and not a limitation, in the embodiment of the present application, the terminal device may also be a wearable device. Wearable devices may also be called wearable smart devices, which are a general term for wearable devices that are intelligently designed and developed using wearable technology for daily wear, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. A wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothes or accessories. Wearable devices are not only hardware devices, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly speaking, wearable smart devices include those that are fully functional, large in size, and can achieve complete or partial functions without relying on smartphones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, as well as those that only focus on a certain type of application function and need to be used in conjunction with other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0058] For example, a communication system 100 used in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG1 . The communication system 100 may include a network device 110, which may be a device that communicates with a terminal device 120 (or a communication terminal or terminal). The network device 110 may provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area and may communicate with terminal devices within the coverage area.

[0059] FIG1 exemplarily shows a network device and two terminal devices. Optionally, the communication system 100 may include multiple network devices and each network device may include other numbers of terminal devices within its coverage area, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Optionally, the communication system 100 may further include other network entities such as a network controller and a mobility management entity, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0061] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, a device having a communication function in a network / system may be referred to as a communication device. Taking the communication system 100 shown in FIG1 as an example, the communication device may include a network device 110 and a terminal device 120 having a communication function. The network device 110 and the terminal device 120 may be the specific devices described above and will not be described in detail here. The communication device may also include other devices in the communication system 100, such as a network controller, a mobility management entity, and other network entities, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0062] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably herein. The term "and / or" is simply a description of an association between related objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. Furthermore, the character " / " generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0063] It should be understood that the "indication" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a direct indication, an indirect indication, or an indication of an association. For example, "A indicates B" can mean that A directly indicates B, for example, B can be obtained through A; it can also mean that A indirectly indicates B, for example, A indicates C, and B can be obtained through C; it can also mean that there is an association between A and B.

[0064] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "corresponding" may indicate a direct or indirect correspondence between the two, or an association relationship between the two, or a relationship between indication and being indicated, configuration and being configured, etc.

[0065] In the embodiments of the present application, "pre-defined" may be implemented by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in a device (e.g., a terminal device or a network device). The present application does not limit the specific implementation method. For example, pre-defined may refer to information defined in a protocol.

[0066] In the embodiments of the present application, the "protocol" may refer to a standard protocol in the communication field, for example, it may include an LTE protocol, an NR protocol, and related protocols used in future communication systems, and this application does not limit this.

[0067] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the relevant technologies of the present application are explained.

[0068] 1. Zero-power communication

[0069] The key technologies of zero-power communication include energy harvesting, backscatter communication and low-power technology.

[0070] As shown in Figure 2, a typical zero-power communication system (such as an RFID system) includes a network device (such as an RFID system reader) and a zero-power terminal (such as an electronic tag). The network device is used to send wireless power supply signals, downlink communication signals, and receive backscattered signals from the zero-power terminal to the zero-power terminal. A basic zero-power terminal includes an energy collection module, a backscatter communication module, and a low-power computing module. In addition, the zero-power terminal may also have a memory or sensor for storing some basic information (such as item identification, etc.) or sensor data such as ambient temperature and ambient humidity.

[0071] For example, the energy harvesting module can collect energy carried by radio waves in space (Figure 2 shows radio waves emitted by network devices) to drive the low-power computing module of the zero-power terminal and implement backscatter communication. After obtaining energy, the zero-power terminal can receive control commands from the network device and send data to the network device based on control signaling using backscattering. The data sent can be data stored in the zero-power terminal itself (such as an identity or pre-written information, such as the product's production date, brand, manufacturer, etc.). The zero-power terminal can also be loaded with various sensors, so that the data collected by various sensors can be reported based on the zero-power mechanism.

[0072] The following describes the key technologies in zero-power communication.

[0073] 1. RF Power Harvesting

[0074] As shown in Figure 3, the RF energy harvesting module uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to collect electromagnetic wave energy from space, thereby obtaining the energy required to operate the zero-power terminal. For example, it is used to drive low-power demodulation and modulation modules, sensors, and memory reading. Therefore, the zero-power terminal does not require traditional batteries.

[0075] 2. Back Scattering

[0076] As shown in Figure 4, a zero-power terminal receives a carrier signal sent by a network device, modulates it, loads the information to be transmitted, and radiates the modulated signal from the antenna. This information transmission process is called backscatter communication. Backscatter and load modulation are closely related. Load modulation achieves this by adjusting and controlling the circuit parameters of the zero-power terminal's oscillator circuit according to the data stream's rhythm, causing parameters such as the zero-power terminal's impedance to change accordingly. Load modulation techniques primarily include resistive load modulation and capacitive load modulation. In resistive load modulation, a resistor is connected in parallel with the load, which is switched on or off based on the binary data stream, as shown in Figure 5. The switching of the resistor causes a change in the circuit voltage, thus implementing amplitude-shifted keying (ASK). This modulation and transmission of the signal is achieved by adjusting the amplitude of the zero-power terminal's backscattered signal. Similarly, in capacitive load modulation, the switching of the capacitor changes the circuit's resonant frequency, enabling frequency-shifted keying (FSK). This modulation and transmission of the signal is achieved by adjusting the operating frequency of the zero-power terminal's backscattered signal.

[0077] It can be seen that the zero-power terminal uses load modulation to modulate the incoming signal, thereby realizing the backscatter communication process. Therefore, the zero-power terminal has significant advantages:

[0078] (1) It does not actively transmit signals, so it does not require complex RF links, such as PA, RF filters, etc.

[0079] (2) There is no need to actively generate high-frequency signals, so no high-frequency crystal oscillator is required;

[0080] (3) With the help of backscatter communication, terminal signal transmission does not need to consume the terminal's own energy.

[0081] 3. Coding technology

[0082] Data transmitted by zero-power terminals can use various codes to represent binary "1" and "0." RFID systems typically use one of the following encoding methods: non-return-to-zero (NRZ), Manchester, unipolar return-to-zero, differential bi-phase (DBP), differential, pulse interval encoding (PIE), bidirectional space encoding (FMO), Miller, and differential encoding. In simple terms, different encoding techniques use different pulse signals to represent 0 and 1.

[0083] 3.1 Non-Return-to-Zero (NRZ) Encoding

[0084] Non-return-to-zero (NRZ) encoding uses a high level to represent a binary 1 and a low level to represent a binary 0. Figure 6 is an example of the NRZ encoding rule. The waveform shown in Figure 6 has no gaps between code elements and transmits the code within the entire code element time, hence the name NRZ encoding.

[0085] 3.2 Unipolar Return-to-Zero Coding

[0086] In unipolar return-to-zero (URZ) coding, a positive current is emitted when a 1 is transmitted, but the duration of the positive current is shorter than the duration of a symbol, i.e., a narrow pulse is emitted. When a 0 is transmitted, no current is emitted at all. Figure 7 is an example of a unipolar RZ coding scheme.

[0087] By comparing NRZ and Unipolar RZ encoding, it can be seen that both are unipolar codes, but the NRZ duty cycle is 100% and the Unipolar RZ duty cycle is 50%.

[0088] 3.3 Manchester encoding

[0089] Manchester encoding, also known as phase-split encoding or bi-phase encoding, uses the phase of voltage transitions to distinguish between 1s and 0s. A high-to-low transition represents a 1, while a low-to-high transition represents a 0. Figure 8 shows an example of the Manchester encoding rule.

[0090] 3.4 Miller Coding

[0091] Miller coding is a modified Manchester coding scheme. Miller coding uses any level transition within half a bit period to represent a binary 1, while a constant level throughout the next bit period represents a binary 0. In other words, Miller coding uses a level transition at the center of a bit to represent a data 1, while the absence of a level transition at the center of a bit represents a data 0. Furthermore, when consecutive binary 0s occur, the level transition occurs at the end of that bit. Figure 9 shows an example of the Miller coding scheme. As shown in Figure 9, Miller coding generates a level transition at the beginning of a bit period, making the bit beat easier for the receiver to reconstruct.

[0092] 3.5 Differential Bi-Phase (DBP) Encoding

[0093] Differential Bi-Phase (DBP) encoding uses any edge in half a bit period to represent a binary 0, while the absence of an edge represents a binary 1. In addition, the voltage level is reversed at the beginning of each bit period.

[0094] 3.6 Differential Encoding

[0095] With differential encoding, each binary 1 to be transmitted causes a change in the signal level, while for a binary 0 the signal level remains unchanged.

[0096] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the power supply signal, scheduling signal and carrier signal related to zero-power communication are explained.

[0097] 1. Energy supply signal

[0098] The energy supply signal is the energy source for the zero-power terminal to collect energy.

[0099] From the perspective of energy supply signal carriers, it can be base stations, smart phones, smart gateways, charging stations, micro base stations, etc.

[0100] In terms of frequency band, the frequency band of radio waves used for energy supply can be low frequency, medium frequency, high frequency, etc.

[0101] In terms of waveform, the radio waves used for power supply can be sine waves, square waves, triangle waves, pulses, rectangular waves, etc.

[0102] In addition, the power supply signal can be a continuous wave or a discontinuous wave (ie, a certain period of interruption is allowed).

[0103] Optionally, the energy supply signal can be an existing signal in the 3GPP standard, such as a sounding reference signal (SRS), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical random access channel (PRACH), a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), etc., or it can be a WiFi signal or a Bluetooth signal.

[0104] Optionally, the energy supply signal may also be implemented by adding a new signal, for example, adding a signal dedicated to energy supply.

[0105] 2. Trigger signal or scheduling signal

[0106] The trigger signal is used to trigger or schedule the zero-power terminal to transmit data.

[0107] From the perspective of trigger signal carrier, it can be a base station, smart phone, smart gateway, etc.

[0108] In terms of frequency band, the radio waves used for triggering or scheduling can be low frequency, medium frequency, high frequency, etc.

[0109] In terms of waveform, the radio wave used for triggering or scheduling can be a sine wave, square wave, triangle wave, pulse, rectangular wave, etc.

[0110] In addition, the trigger signal can be a continuous wave or a discontinuous wave (ie, a certain period of interruption is allowed).

[0111] Optionally, the trigger signal may be an existing signal in the 3GPP standard, such as SRS, PUSCH, PRACH, PUCCH, PDCCH, PDSCH, PBCH, or a WIFI signal or a Bluetooth signal.

[0112] Optionally, the trigger signal may also be implemented by adding a new signal, for example, adding a signal dedicated to triggering or scheduling.

[0113] 3. Carrier signal

[0114] The carrier signal is used by the zero-power terminal to generate a backscatter signal. For example, the zero-power terminal may modulate the received carrier signal according to the information to be sent to form a backscatter signal.

[0115] From the perspective of carrier signal carrier, it can be a base station, smart phone, smart gateway, etc.

[0116] In terms of frequency band, the radio waves used as carrier signals can be low frequency, medium frequency, high frequency, etc.

[0117] In terms of waveform, the radio wave used as the carrier signal can be a sine wave, square wave, triangle wave, pulse, rectangular wave, etc.

[0118] In addition, the carrier signal can be a continuous wave or a discontinuous wave (ie, a certain period of interruption is allowed).

[0119] Optionally, the carrier signal may be an existing signal in the 3GPP standard, such as SRS, PUSCH, PRACH, PUCCH, PDCCH, PDSCH, PBCH, or a WIFI signal or a Bluetooth signal.

[0120] Optionally, the carrier signal may also be implemented by adding a new signal, for example, adding a carrier signal dedicated to generating a backscatter signal.

[0121] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the power supply signal, the scheduling signal and the carrier signal can be the same signal, or they can be different signals. For example, the power supply signal can be used as a carrier signal, and the scheduling signal can also be used as a carrier signal, etc.

[0122] Due to its significant advantages such as extremely low cost, zero power consumption, and small size, zero-power communication can be widely used in various industries, such as logistics for vertical industries, smart warehousing, smart agriculture, energy and electricity, industrial Internet, etc.; it can also be applied to personal applications such as smart wearables and smart homes.

[0123] In some scenarios, based on their energy sources and usage, zero-power terminals can be categorized into the following types:

[0124] 1. Passive zero-power terminal

[0125] Zero-power terminals (such as electronic tags in RFID systems) do not require internal batteries. When a zero-power terminal approaches a network device (such as an RFID reader), it is within the near-field radiation generated by the network device's antenna. Consequently, the zero-power terminal's antenna generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, which drives the low-power chip circuitry in the zero-power terminal. This enables forward link signal demodulation and reverse link (or reflection link) signal modulation. For backscatter links, the zero-power terminal uses backscattering to transmit signals.

[0126] It can be seen that the passive zero-power terminal does not require a built-in battery to drive either the forward link or the reverse link, and is a true zero-power terminal.

[0127] Passive zero-power terminals do not require batteries, and the RF circuit and baseband circuit are very simple. For example, they do not require low-noise amplifiers (LNAs), power amplifiers (PAs), crystal oscillators, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), and other devices. Therefore, they have many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.

[0128] 2. Semi-passive zero-power terminal

[0129] Semi-passive zero-power terminals do not have conventional batteries themselves, but instead use RF energy harvesting modules to harvest radio wave energy and store it in an energy storage unit (such as a capacitor). This energy is then used to power the low-power chip circuitry in the zero-power terminal, performing tasks such as demodulating forward link signals and modulating reverse link signals. For backscatter links, the zero-power terminal uses backscattering to transmit signals.

[0130] It can be seen that the semi-passive zero-power terminal does not require a built-in battery to drive either the forward link or the reverse link. Although energy stored in capacitors is used in operation, the energy comes from the radio energy collected by the energy harvesting module. Therefore, it is also a true zero-power terminal.

[0131] Semi-passive zero-power consumption terminals inherit many advantages of passive zero-power consumption terminals, and therefore have many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.

[0132] 3. Active zero-power terminal

[0133] In some scenarios, zero-power terminals can also be active zero-power terminals, which can have built-in batteries. The batteries power the low-power chip circuits in the zero-power terminal, which perform tasks such as demodulating forward link signals and modulating reverse link signals. However, for backscatter links, zero-power terminals use backscattering to transmit signals. Therefore, the zero-power nature of these devices lies primarily in the fact that reverse link signal transmission does not require the terminal's own power, but rather utilizes backscattering.

[0134] Active zero-power terminals have built-in batteries that power the RFID chip, increasing their read and write distance and improving communication reliability. Therefore, they are suitable for scenarios with relatively high requirements for communication distance and read latency.

[0135] In some scenarios, zero-power devices can be categorized as follows based on transmitter type:

[0136] 1) Zero-power devices based on backscattering

[0137] These zero-power devices use the aforementioned backscattering method to transmit uplink data. These devices lack an active transmitter, only a backscattering transmitter. Therefore, when these zero-power devices transmit data, they require network equipment to provide a carrier, which they then use to perform backscattering to achieve data transmission.

[0138] 2) Zero-power devices based on active transmitters

[0139] This type of zero-power device uses an active transmitter with active transmission capabilities for uplink data transmission. Therefore, when sending data, this type of zero-power device can use its own active transmitter to send data without the need for network equipment to provide a carrier. Active transmitters suitable for zero-power devices can include ultra-low-power ASK and ultra-low-power FSK transmitters. When transmitting a 100uW signal, the overall power consumption can be reduced to 400-600uW.

[0140] 3) Zero-power devices with both backscatter transmitters and active transmitters

[0141] These zero-power devices can support both backscatter and active transmitters. They can determine which signal transmission method to use, namely, active or backscatter, based on different conditions (such as battery life and available ambient energy) or based on network device scheduling.

[0142] With the rapid development of the Internet of Things, existing IoT communication technologies can no longer meet the IoT communication needs in many scenarios, such as:

[0143] 1. Harsh communication environment

[0144] Certain IoT scenarios may face extreme environments such as high temperature, extremely low temperature, high humidity, high voltage, high radiation, or high-speed movement. Examples include ultra-high voltage substations, high-speed train track monitoring, environmental monitoring in high-altitude cold regions, and industrial production lines. In these scenarios, existing IoT terminals will not function due to the operating environment limitations of conventional power supplies. Furthermore, extreme operating environments are not conducive to IoT maintenance, such as battery replacement.

[0145] 2. Demand for extremely small terminal form factors

[0146] Certain IoT communication scenarios, such as food traceability, commodity distribution, and smart wearables, require terminals to be extremely small for ease of use. For example, IoT terminals used for commodity management in the distribution process often take the form of electronic tags, embedded in product packaging in a very compact form factor. Another example is lightweight wearable devices that can meet user needs while improving the user experience.

[0147] 3. Extremely low-cost IoT communication requirements

[0148] Many IoT communication scenarios require IoT terminals to be sufficiently affordable to enhance their competitiveness compared to alternative technologies. For example, in logistics or warehousing, to facilitate the management of large quantities of circulating items, IoT terminals can be attached to each item. Communication between the terminal and the logistics network enables precise management of the entire logistics process and lifecycle. These scenarios require IoT terminals to be competitively priced.

[0149] Therefore, in order to cover these unmet IoT communication needs, cellular networks also need to develop ultra-low-cost, extremely small-size, battery-free / maintenance-free IoT, and zero-power IoT can just meet this need.

[0150] The zero-power Internet of Things (IoT) can also be referred to as the ambient power enabled IoT (Ambient IoT or AMP IoT). Zero-power devices are also called Ambient IoT devices or AMP IoT devices. Ambient IoT devices can refer to IoT devices that use various ambient energies, such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, and mechanical energy. These devices can have no energy storage capacity or very limited energy storage capacity, such as using capacitors with a capacity of tens of microfarads.

[0151] Ambient IoT can be used in at least four scenarios:

[0152] 1. Object recognition, such as logistics, production line product management, and supply chain management;

[0153] 2. Environmental monitoring, such as temperature, humidity, and harmful gas monitoring of the working environment and natural environment;

[0154] 3. Positioning, such as indoor positioning, intelligent object search, production line item positioning, etc.

[0155] 4. Intelligent control, such as intelligent control of various electrical appliances in smart homes (turning on and off air conditioners, adjusting temperature), and intelligent control of various facilities in agricultural greenhouses (automatic irrigation and fertilization).

[0156] As 5G industry applications expand, the types of connected objects and application scenarios will increase, placing higher demands on the cost and power consumption of communication terminals. The application of battery-free, low-cost passive IoT devices has become a key technology for cellular IoT, expanding the types and number of terminals connected to 5G networks and truly realizing the interconnection of everything. Passive IoT devices can be based on zero-power communication technologies, such as RFID, and can be extended to suit cellular IoT.

[0157] In a typical ambient backscatter communication system, reflective devices (such as electronic tags) utilize radio waves in space to achieve backscatter communication. As shown in Figure 10, a router and a traditional terminal form a master system in communication. The reflective device backscatters the downlink signal sent by the router, modulating it to transmit its own information to the reader. The reflective device and the reader form a slave system powered by backscatter communication technology.

[0158] In the above system model, since the slave and master systems use the same spectrum, slave communications can interfere with the master's communication link. This means that the backscattered signal from the reflector can mix with the master's signal, interfering with the master's receiver. In this case, while the slave system benefits from backscatter, data transmission to the master may be impaired.

[0159] To address these issues, the concept of symbiotic communication was proposed. Based on backscattering, symbiotic communication, through good coordination between the master and slave systems, not only eliminates the interference of backscatter signals generated by the slave system on the master system, but also transforms the backscatter signals into signals that benefit the master system.

[0160] In the symbiotic communication system model of Figure 11, the master transmitter PTx and the master receiver PRx form the master system, while the slave transmitter STx and the slave receiver SRx form the slave system. STx uses the signal transmitted by PTx to perform backscatter modulation. As shown in Figure 12, the chip width Cp of the slave system's backscattered signal satisfies a K-fold relationship with the master system's chip width Cs, i.e., Cp = K * Cs. Therefore, the backscattered signal does not change within the time domain interval corresponding to K master system chips. Therefore, when the master system performs coherent demodulation in units of K chips, the backscattered signal of the slave system is equivalent to a multipath signal mixed in with the master system's main received signal. Therefore, with this constraint, the slave system, while relying on the master system's signal for backscattering to complete its own communication, not only does it not interfere with the master system, but it actually improves the master system's performance by providing multipath signals. Because this delicate relationship between the master and slave systems resembles a symbiotic relationship in biology, the above communication system model is named the symbiotic communication model.

[0161] Symbiotic communication solves both the wireless energy supply and spectrum issues associated with zero-power communication, enabling it to share and coexist effectively with traditional communications within the same spectrum. Therefore, symbiotic communication is expected to become an important enabler of zero-power communication.

[0162] When the backscatter device transmits a signal, in some implementations, the main system receiver uses a method such as envelope detection to receive and demodulate the signal, which affects the signal reception performance.

[0163] In view of this, embodiments of the present application provide a technical solution whereby a primary system receiver can estimate the channel information of a backscatter device's backscatter link when receiving signals, and further perform channel compensation based on this channel information, thereby improving signal reception performance. Alternatively, the primary receiver can perform channel estimation on signals received in different time periods, and based on the channel estimation results for these different time periods, determine the bit information transmitted by the reflective device, thereby enabling data reception from the reflective device.

[0164] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application are described in detail below through specific embodiments. The above related technologies can be combined arbitrarily with the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application as optional solutions, and all of them fall within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments of the present application include at least part of the following contents.

[0165] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication method 1300 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG13 , the method 1300 includes at least part of the following:

[0166] S1310: The third device performs backscattering based on the signal sent by the second device to obtain a backscattered signal, wherein the backscattered signal includes a pilot signal.

[0167] Correspondingly, the first device receives the backscattered signal.

[0168] In some embodiments, the second device sends the signal by active transmission.

[0169] In some embodiments, the first device may be a primary system receiver. For example, the first device may be a network device, such as a base station in a cellular communication system, or an AP in a Wi-Fi system, or a terminal device, such as a traditional terminal in a cellular communication system, or a STA in a Wi-Fi system.

[0170] In some embodiments, the second device may be a primary system transmitter. For example, the second device may be a terminal device, such as a traditional terminal in a cellular communication system, or a STA in a Wi-Fi system, or a network device, such as a base station in a cellular communication system, or an AP in a Wi-Fi system.

[0171] In the embodiment of the present application, a traditional terminal may refer to a terminal device that does not communicate through backscattering.

[0172] In some embodiments, the third device may be a slave system transmitter.

[0173] In some embodiments, the third device is also called a reflection device, or a backscatter device (BD), or a zero-power device, or a zero-power terminal, or an ambient energy Internet of Things device.

[0174] In some specific embodiments, the first device is a network device in a cellular system, the second device is a terminal device in the cellular system, and the third device is a reflection device.

[0175] In some other specific embodiments, the first device is a terminal device in a cellular system, the second device is a network device in the cellular system, and the third device is a reflection device.

[0176] In some further specific embodiments, the first device and the second device are both terminal devices in a cellular system, and the third device is a reflection device.

[0177] In some specific embodiments, the first device is an AP in a WIFI system, the second device is an STA in the WIFI system, and the third device is a reflection device.

[0178] In some specific embodiments, the first device is a STA in a WIFI system, the second device is an AP in the WIFI system, and the third device is a reflection device.

[0179] In some embodiments, the first device can perform channel estimation on the backscatter link of the third device based on the pilot signal in the backscatter signal, determine the channel information of the backscatter link of the third device, and further receive the data signal in the backscatter signal based on the channel information of the backscatter link, thereby improving the signal reception performance.

[0180] In some embodiments, the pilot signal may be a specific sequence, which may be predefined or configured by the first device to the third device. That is, the reflection device and the opposite device have the same understanding of the pilot signal.

[0181] Since backscatter communication usually uses low-order modulation methods, such as On-Off Keying (OOK) modulation, the pilot signal can also use OOK modulation, that is, a sequence consisting of 0 or 1, where "0" represents a high-level signal being sent, and "1" can represent a low-level signal being sent; or vice versa.

[0182] In some embodiments, the pilot signal may be a sequence of mixed 0s and 1s, as shown in FIG14 , or a sequence of all 0s or all 1s. Using an all-high-level signal sequence as the pilot signal facilitates the peer device to fully perform channel estimation and improves the accuracy of channel estimation.

[0183] It should be understood that the present application does not limit the specific location of the pilot signal in the backscatter signal, as long as the reflecting device and the peer device (i.e., the first device) have the same understanding of the location of the pilot signal. For example, the pilot signal can be located at the head, tail, or middle of the backscatter signal, or interwoven throughout multiple different parts of the backscatter signal. Optionally, the different pilot parts can be of equal or unequal length.

[0184] In some embodiments, the primary system transmitter does not transmit a signal at the resource location where the reflection device transmits a pilot signal, thereby reducing interference of the primary system signal with the reflection device's pilot signal, thereby reducing the impact on channel estimation accuracy.

[0185] Optionally, the resource location used for the reflection device to send the pilot signal is predefined, or may be configured by the first device.

[0186] In some embodiments, in addition to the pilot signal, other signals sent by the reflection device can communicate symbiotically with the main system signal, that is, use the same spectrum resources for communication.

[0187] Therefore, in an embodiment of the present application, a pilot signal is added to the backscatter signal, so that the receiving device can perform channel estimation on the backscatter link based on the pilot signal, and further can receive data in the backscatter signal based on the estimated channel information of the backscatter link, thereby improving the data reception performance.

[0188] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication method 200 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG15 , the method 200 includes at least part of the following:

[0189] S201, the second device sends a first signal in an active transmission manner, and sends a third signal in an active transmission manner; and

[0190] The third device sends the second signal in a backscattering manner, wherein the second signal may be obtained by backscattering the fourth signal, and the fourth signal is sent in an active transmission manner.

[0191] Correspondingly, the first device receives a first target signal and a second target signal, wherein the first target signal includes the first signal and the second signal, and the second target signal includes the third signal.

[0192] In some embodiments, the first device may be a primary system receiver. For example, the first device may be a network device, such as a base station in a cellular communication system, or an AP in a Wi-Fi system, or a terminal device, such as a traditional terminal in a cellular communication system, or a STA in a Wi-Fi system.

[0193] In some embodiments, the second device may be a primary system transmitter. For example, the second device may be a terminal device, such as a traditional terminal in a cellular communication system, or a STA in a Wi-Fi system, or a network device, such as a base station in a cellular communication system, or an AP in a Wi-Fi system.

[0194] In some embodiments, the third device may be a slave system transmitter.

[0195] In the embodiment of the present application, the third device is also called a reflection device, or a backscatter device (BD), or a zero-power device, or a zero-power terminal, or an ambient energy Internet of Things device.

[0196] In some specific embodiments, the first device is a network device in a cellular system, the second device is a terminal device in the cellular system, and the third device is a reflection device.

[0197] In some other specific embodiments, the first device is a terminal device in a cellular system, the second device is a network device in the cellular system, and the third device is a reflection device.

[0198] In some further specific embodiments, the first device and the second device are both terminal devices in a cellular system, and the third device is a reflection device.

[0199] In some specific embodiments, the first device is an AP in a WIFI system, the second device is an STA in the WIFI system, and the third device is a reflection device.

[0200] In some specific embodiments, the first device is a STA in a WIFI system, the second device is an AP in the WIFI system, and the third device is a reflection device.

[0201] In some embodiments, the first signal, the third signal and the fourth signal are referred to as main system signals, and the second signal is referred to as a slave system signal or a backscattered signal. The main system signal includes a pilot signal, and the second signal obtained by backscattering the fourth signal by the third device may also include a pilot signal, that is, there is no need to add a pilot signal to the backscattered signal.

[0202] In some embodiments, the fourth signal may be sent by the second device, that is, the carrier signal used for backscattering may be provided by the primary system transmitter.

[0203] In some embodiments, the first signal and the fourth signal may be the same signal, that is, the third device may backscatter the first signal to obtain the second signal.

[0204] It should be understood that the present application does not limit the transmission direction of the fourth signal. For example, the fourth signal can be a downlink signal, an uplink signal, or a sidelink signal. In other words, the source of the carrier signal used for backscattering can be a downlink signal, an uplink signal, or a sidelink signal.

[0205] As shown in FIG16 , the network device sends a downlink (DL) signal to UE1, but UE2 and UE3 also receive the DL signal. Therefore, UE2 and UE3 can perform backscattering based on the DL signal.

[0206] As shown in FIG17 , UE1 sends an uplink (UL) signal to the network device, but UE2 and UE3 also receive the UL signal. Therefore, UE2 and UE3 can perform backscattering based on the UL signal.

[0207] In some embodiments, the chip width of the second signal and the chip width of the fourth signal satisfy a K-fold relationship, thereby enabling symbiotic communication between the master and slave systems, where K is greater than 1. For example, the symbol width of a backscatter symbol is the symbol width of K OFDM symbols.

[0208] In some embodiments, the time domain resources used by the second device to send the first signal and the time domain resources used by the third device to send the second signal at least partially overlap, for example, the first signal and the second signal are sent in the same time period.

[0209] In some embodiments, the first target signal and the second target signal are received on different time domain resources. For example, the first target signal and the second target signal are received in different time periods or different time units.

[0210] In some embodiments, the first target signal and the second target signal can be used to determine channel information of a backscatter link of a third device. For example, the first device can perform channel estimation on the first target signal and the second target signal, respectively, and determine the channel information of the backscatter link based on the difference in the channel estimation results between the first target signal and the second target signal. Furthermore, the first device can receive a data signal in the second signal based on the channel information of the backscatter link.

[0211] In some embodiments, the first target signal may be considered as a signal received when the reflecting device performs backscattering, and the second target signal may be considered as a signal received when the reflecting device does not perform backscattering.

[0212] In some embodiments, the main system signal may be continuously transmitted so as to be used by the reflection device for backscattering when a signal needs to be transmitted. The first signal and the third signal may be considered as two parts of the continuously transmitted main system signal.

[0213] When the reflection device performs backscattering, the main system receiver can simultaneously receive the main system signal (including the pilot signal) and the backscattered signal (including the backscattered signal of the main system pilot signal) backscattered by the reflection device on the main system signal. Therefore, the channel estimation result obtained when the main system receiver uses the pilot signal of the main system to perform channel estimation can be considered as the sum of the main system link channel and the backscattered link channel.

[0214] That is, H1=H 主系统信道 +H 反向散射链路的信道

[0215] Wherein, H1 represents the channel estimation result obtained by performing channel estimation based on the first target signal, and H 主系统信道 Indicates the main system link channel, H 反向散射链路的信道 Indicates the backscatter link channel.

[0216] When the reflection device does not perform backscattering, the primary system receiver can receive the primary system signal (including the pilot signal). Therefore, the channel estimation result obtained when the primary system receiver uses the primary system pilot signal to perform channel estimation only includes the primary system link channel.

[0217] That is, H2=H 主系统信道

[0218] Wherein, H2 represents the channel estimation result obtained by performing channel estimation based on the second target signal, and H 主系统信道 Indicates the main system link channel.

[0219] Furthermore, the primary system receiver may determine the channel information of the backscatter link according to the difference between H1 and H2.

[0220] For example, H 反向散射链路的信道 =H1-H2.

[0221] Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, when estimating the channel information of the backscatter link, the reflection device does not need to send a dedicated pilot signal, which can save pilot overhead and avoid the impact on the main system.

[0222] Furthermore, the first device may receive the data portion of the backscatter signal sent by the third device based on the channel information of the backscatter link of the third device.

[0223] In some embodiments, the primary system link channel may be considered the same or similar when the reflective device performs backscattering and when it does not. For example, if the reflective device performs backscattering and does not perform backscattering in adjacent time periods, or the interval between the two is short, or the duration between the two periods is less than a certain threshold, then the primary system link channel may be considered unchanged.

[0224] The specific implementation of the above channel estimation method is described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0225] Example 1:

[0226] In some embodiments, the time domain position of the target time unit is predefined, or configured by the first device or the second device.

[0227] For example, the target time unit may be a time unit dedicated to channel estimation, or referred to as a channel estimation time unit.

[0228] For example, during the symbiotic communication process, a specific time unit can be reserved for channel estimation. During this time unit, the reflection device switches between the two states of performing backscattering and not performing backscattering, so that the main system receiver can receive a first target signal including a backscattered signal and a second target signal that does not include a backscattered signal. Further, the channel information of the reflection device link can be determined based on the first target signal and the second target signal.

[0229] In some embodiments, the main system signal needs to be continuously transmitted on the target time unit so that the reflection device can switch between two states on the target time unit, so that the main system receiver receives a first target signal including a backscattered signal and a second target signal not including a backscattered signal, and further determines the channel information of the reflection device link based on the first target signal and the second target signal.

[0230] In some embodiments, the target time unit is periodic.

[0231] For example, the cycle length of the target time unit may be equal to an integer multiple of the time unit length of the primary system.

[0232] In a specific embodiment, when the reflection device coexists with the NR system, the communication between the base station and the traditional terminal in the NR system is the main communication system, and the backscatter communication is the auxiliary communication system. The period length of the time unit used for channel estimation can be an integer multiple of the time slot or radio frame.

[0233] In some embodiments, the period of the target time unit may be predefined, or configured by the first device or the second device.

[0234] For example, the main system transmitter and the reflection device know the period of the target time unit in advance, or the main system receiver notifies the main system transmitter and the reflection device of the period of the target time unit, or the main system transmitter notifies the main system receiver and the reflection device of the period of the target time unit.

[0235] In some embodiments, the length of the target time unit may be predefined or configured by the first device or the second device.

[0236] For example, the main system transmitter and the reflection device know the length of the target time unit in advance, or the main system receiver notifies the main system transmitter and the reflection device of the length of the target time unit, or the main system transmitter notifies the main system receiver and the reflection device of the length of the target time unit.

[0237] In some embodiments, the length of the target time unit may be an integer multiple of the length of the host system time unit.

[0238] For example, if the primary system is the same as NR, the target time unit can be one time slot, or multiple time slots, or one radio frame, or multiple radio frames, etc.

[0239] In some embodiments, within a period, the distribution of the target time units satisfies a first pattern.

[0240] In some embodiments, the first pattern is predefined, or configured by the first device or the second device.

[0241] Optionally, when the target time unit includes multiple time slots or multiple radio frames, the multiple time slots or multiple radio frames may be continuous or discontinuous, wherein the reflection device performs backscattering on some of the time slots or radio frames in the multiple time slots or multiple radio frames, and does not perform backscattering on another part of the time slots or radio frames in the multiple time slots or multiple radio frames.

[0242] In some embodiments, the target time unit includes a first time period and a second time period, wherein the first target signal is received during the first time period and the second target signal is received during the second time period. That is, the reflecting device performs backscattering during the first time period and does not perform backscattering during the second time period.

[0243] It should be understood that the present application does not limit the order of the first time period and the second time period. For example, the first time period may be after the second time period, or the first time period may be before the second time period.

[0244] In some embodiments, the positions of the first time period and the second time period in the target time unit are predefined or configured by the first device or the second device. That is, the times during which the reflection device performs backscattering and the times during which it does not perform backscattering are known in advance or configured by the main system receiver or the main system transmitter.

[0245] For example, the main system transmitter and the reflection device know in advance the positions of the first time period and the second time period in the target time unit, or the main system receiver notifies the main system transmitter and the reflection device of the positions of the first time period and the second time period in the target time unit, or the main system transmitter notifies the main system receiver and the reflection device of the positions of the first time period and the second time period in the target time unit.

[0246] In some embodiments, the lengths of the first time period and the second time period are predefined, or configured by the first device or the second device.

[0247] Optionally, the lengths of the first time period and the second time period may be the same, or may be different.

[0248] For example, the main system transmitter and the reflection device know the lengths of the first time period and the second time period in advance, or the main system receiver notifies the main system transmitter and the reflection device of the lengths of the first time period and the second time period, or the main system transmitter notifies the main system receiver and the reflection device of the lengths of the first time period and the second time period.

[0249] In some embodiments, the bandwidth of the backscatter signal is the same as the bandwidth of the primary system signal, or the bandwidth of the backscatter signal is a fraction of the bandwidth of the primary system signal. For example, if the bandwidth of the primary system signal is 100 MHz, the bandwidth of the backscatter signal may be the lowest frequency 10 MHz within the 100 MHz.

[0250] FIG18 is a distribution diagram of a channel estimation time unit provided in an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that within a channel estimation time unit, the reflection device can switch between two modes: performing backscattering and not performing backscattering. For example, backscattering can be performed during a first time period within a channel estimation time unit, and not performed during a second time period. Optionally, the first time period and the second time period can each occupy half a time slot, such as seven orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols.

[0251] Embodiment 2: The target time unit is determined according to a coding rule adopted by a data signal in the second signal.

[0252] In some embodiments, the target time unit is a time unit used by the third device to transmit a specific bit.

[0253] Optionally, the specific bit may be bit 1 (or binary 1), or may be bit 0 (or binary 0), which is specifically determined according to the encoding rule of the data signal and is not limited in this application.

[0254] That is, in this embodiment 2, the target time unit is not a time unit dedicated to channel estimation, but a time unit used by the reflection device to transmit data. This approach is beneficial to reducing the resource overhead caused by setting a dedicated channel estimation time unit.

[0255] In some embodiments, the reflection device may encode the data to be transmitted using certain encoding rules, and further transmit the encoded bit information. For example, one bit is transmitted through one time unit. For ease of distinction and description, the time unit is recorded as a bit time unit.

[0256] Optionally, the bit time unit may correspond to one time slot or multiple time slots of the primary system, or one radio frame or multiple radio frames.

[0257] In some embodiments, the length of the target time unit may be equal to the length of one bit time unit.

[0258] Different waveforms can be used to represent bit 0 and bit 1 for different encoding rules. If, for the encoding rule used by the reflection device, a specific bit is represented by a waveform including a high-level signal and a low-level signal (for example, the first half of the bit time unit is high and the second half of the bit time unit is low, or the first half of the bit time unit is low and the second half of the bit time unit is high), the reflection device can perform backscattering during the time period corresponding to the high level in the bit time unit, and not perform backscattering during the time period corresponding to the low level. In other words, the target time unit is a time unit used to transmit the specific bit, where the waveform used to transmit the specific bit is a waveform consisting of a high-level signal and a low-level signal.

[0259] For example, for unipolar return-to-zero encoding, a high level during the first half of a bit period of a bit time unit and a low level during the remaining half of a bit period represents a binary "1," while a low level throughout the entire bit period represents a binary "0." Therefore, the reflective device may perform backscattering during the first half of a bit period of a bit time unit used to transmit bit 1, and not perform backscattering during the remaining half of a bit period. As shown in Figure 19, backscattering is performed during the high level period of a bit time unit used to transmit bit 1, and not during the low level period.

[0260] For another example, if the first half bit period of the bit time unit is low and the remaining half bit period is high, indicating binary "0", and the low level for the entire bit period indicates binary "1", then the reflection device may not perform backscattering in the first half bit period of the bit time unit used to transmit bit 0, and perform backscattering in the remaining half bit period.

[0261] In some embodiments, the target time unit includes a first time period and a second time period, the first target signal is received during the first time period, and the second target signal is received during the second time period.

[0262] Optionally, the first time period may be a time period corresponding to a high level in a bit time unit for transmitting a specific bit, and the second time period may be a time period corresponding to a low level in a bit time unit for transmitting a specific bit.

[0263] It should be understood that the present application does not limit the order of the first time period and the second time period. For example, the first time period may be after the second time period, or the first time period may be before the second time period.

[0264] It should be understood that the present application does not limit the lengths of the first time period and the second time period. For example, the lengths of the first time period and the second time period may be the same, or they may be different.

[0265] In some embodiments, the target time unit is a time slot, and the first time period and the second time period can be half a time slot respectively, as shown in Figure 19; or, when the target time unit is multiple time slots, the first time period can occupy part of the multiple time slots, and the second time period can occupy another part of the multiple time slots.

[0266] In some embodiments, the target time unit is a radio frame, the first time period and the second time period can be half a radio frame respectively, or, when the target time unit is multiple radio frames, the first time period can occupy part of the multiple radio frames, and the second time period can occupy another part of the multiple radio frames.

[0267] In some embodiments of the present application, the method 200 further includes:

[0268] Based on the channel estimation result of the signal received on at least one time unit, determine whether the at least one time unit is the target time unit, or determine whether the at least one time unit is used to transmit a specific bit, or determine whether the reflection device performs a backscattering operation on the at least one time unit, or determine the bit information transmitted by the reflection device on the at least one time unit, for example, whether bit 0 or bit 1 is transmitted.

[0269] If the reflecting device does not perform backscattering in two time periods within a time unit, the difference in channel estimation results between the two time periods is small. Alternatively, if the reflecting device performs backscattering in one time period within a time unit and does not perform backscattering in another time period within a time unit, the difference in channel estimation results between the two time periods is large. Based on this, the first device can select a target time unit for channel estimation. Alternatively, because different waveforms represent different bit information transmitted by the reflecting device, the channel estimation results for the two time periods can also be used to determine the bit information transmitted by the reflecting device in the time unit.

[0270] That is to say, an embodiment of the present application provides a channel estimation scheme, in which the main system receiver can select a time unit for channel estimation based on the channel estimation results in two different time periods within a time unit, and further estimate the channel information of the backscatter link of the reflection device based on the channel estimation results in two time periods on the time unit.

[0271] An embodiment of the present application also provides a data receiving solution, in which the main system receiver can determine the bit information transmitted by the reflection device in a time unit, such as whether bit 0 or bit 1 is transmitted, based on the channel estimation results in two different time periods within the time unit. For example, when the difference between the channel estimation results in the two time periods is large, it is determined that a specific bit is transmitted; otherwise, it is determined that a non-specific bit is transmitted. Exemplarily, the specific bit is bit 1, and when the difference between the channel estimation results in the two time periods is large, it is determined that bit 1 is transmitted; otherwise, it is determined that bit 0 is transmitted. Exemplarily, the specific bit is bit 0, and when the difference between the channel estimation results in the two time periods is large, it is determined that bit 0 is transmitted; otherwise, it is determined that bit 1 is transmitted.

[0272] In some implementations, the at least one time unit includes a first time unit, and the first time unit includes a first time period and a second time period. The first device can perform channel estimation on the signals received in the first time period and the second time period respectively (or use the channel estimation results of the first time period and the second time period to process the data parts in the two time periods), obtain the first channel estimation result and the second channel estimation result, and further determine whether the first time unit is the target time unit based on the first channel estimation result and the second channel estimation result.

[0273] In some cases, if the difference between the first channel estimation result and the second channel estimation result is large, for example, the difference between the first channel estimation result and the second channel estimation result is greater than the first threshold, or the difference between the second channel estimation result and the first channel estimation is greater than the first threshold, it means that the reflection device performs backscattering in one time period and does not perform backscattering in another time period. Then, it can be determined that the first time unit is the target time unit, or that the first time unit is a time unit for transmitting a specific bit, that is, the reflection device transmits a specific bit, such as bit 1 or bit 0, on the first time unit.

[0274] In other cases, if the difference between the first channel estimation result and the second channel estimation result is small, for example, the difference between the first channel estimation result and the second channel estimation result is less than the first threshold, or the difference between the second channel estimation result and the first channel estimation is less than the first threshold, indicating that the reflection device did not perform backscattering in both time periods, it can be determined that the first time unit is not the target time unit, or that the first time unit is not a time unit for transmitting a specific bit, or that the reflection device transmitted a non-specific bit on the first time unit, and if the specific bit is bit 1, the reflection device transmitted bit 0 on the first time unit, or, if the specific bit is bit 0, the reflection device transmitted bit 1 on the first time unit.

[0275] In some embodiments, the first threshold may be predefined or configured by the network device.

[0276] In some embodiments, the first device can determine whether the bit time unit is a target time unit for channel estimation based solely on the pilot resources within the bit time unit, or in other words, determine whether the bit time unit is used to transmit a specific bit, or in other words, determine whether the reflecting device performs a backscattering operation on the bit time unit.

[0277] In other embodiments, the first device can determine whether the bit time unit is a target time unit for channel estimation based on the pilot resources of the bit time unit and the resources used to transmit data signals other than the pilot resources of the main system, or determine whether the bit time unit is used to transmit a specific bit, or determine whether the reflection device performs a backscattering operation on the bit time unit.

[0278] Taking the second time unit as an example, determining whether the at least one time unit is the target time unit according to the channel estimation result of the signal received in the at least one time unit includes:

[0279] performing channel estimation and data demodulation on the signal received in the third time period according to the pilot signal received in the third time period in the second time unit to obtain a third channel estimation result and a first data demodulation result;

[0280] performing channel estimation and data demodulation on the signal received in the fourth time period according to the pilot signal received in the fourth time period in the second time unit to obtain a fourth channel estimation result and a second data demodulation result;

[0281] reconstructing the signal received in the third time period according to the fourth channel estimation result and the first data demodulation result to obtain a first data signal;

[0282] Determine whether the second time unit is a target time unit based on the signal received in the third time period and the first data signal.

[0283] For example, the first data signal is subtracted from the signal received in the third time period to obtain a residual signal, and further based on the residual signal, it is determined whether the second time unit is the target time unit.

[0284] In some implementations, the first device may perform energy detection on the residual signal, and determine whether the second time unit is a target time unit according to the energy of the residual signal.

[0285] For example, when the energy of the residual signal is greater than a second threshold, the second time unit is determined to be the target time unit, or in other words, the second time unit is a time unit for transmitting a specific bit.

[0286] For another example, when the energy of the residual signal is less than the second threshold, it is determined that the second time unit is not the target time unit, or in other words, the second time unit is not a time unit for transmitting a specific bit, or the reflection device transmits a non-specific bit on the second time unit. For example, if the specific bit is bit 1, the reflection device transmits bit 0 on the second time unit, or if the specific bit is bit 0, the reflection device transmits bit 1 on the second time unit.

[0287] In some embodiments, the second threshold may be predefined or configured by the network device.

[0288] In some embodiments, the third time period may be a time period corresponding to a high-level signal when the second time unit transmits a specific bit, and the fourth time period may be a time period corresponding to a low-level signal.

[0289] Therefore, in this embodiment 2, there is no need to design a dedicated time unit for channel estimation. Instead, the channel information of the backscatter link can be obtained by using the coding rules of symbiotic communication. For example, the channel information of the backscatter link can be estimated by using the signal on the time unit that transmits a specific bit, which is beneficial to reducing resource overhead. At the same time, the backscatter signal is demodulated according to the channel information of the backscatter link, which is beneficial to improving the signal reception performance.

[0290] It should be noted that the above description uses OOK modulation as an example. The above technical solution is also applicable to other modulation schemes, such as frequency-shift keying (FSK) modulation. In this case, the reflector can perform backscattering at the first frequency point and not at the second frequency point. Therefore, the main system receiver can determine the channel information of the reflector's backscatter link based on the difference in channel estimation results at the first and second frequency points. The specific determination method is similar to the method for determining the channel information of the reflector's backscatter link based on the channel estimation results in two time periods in the aforementioned embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0291] In some embodiments, a reflective device performing backscatter at a first frequency and not performing backscatter at a second frequency indicates that a specific bit has been transmitted; and performing backscatter at a second frequency and not performing backscatter at the first frequency indicates that a non-specific bit has been transmitted. Therefore, the primary system receiver can also determine the bit information transmitted by the reflective device based on the channel estimation results at the first and second frequencies. The specific determination method is similar to the method for determining the bit information transmitted by the reflective device based on the channel estimation results in two time periods in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be further described here.

[0292] In summary, in an embodiment of the present application, in both cases when the reflection device performs backscattering and when the reflection device does not perform backscattering, the main system receiver uses the pilot signal of the main system to perform channel estimation, thereby obtaining the channel information of the backscatter link of the reflection device, and further receiving the data sent by the reflection device based on the channel information of the backscatter link, which can improve the data reception performance. Alternatively, the bit information transmitted by the reflection device can be determined based on the channel estimation results in the two cases, thereby realizing data reception by the reflection device.

[0293] The above text, in combination with Figures 13 to 19, describes in detail the method embodiment of the present application. The following text, in combination with Figures 20 to 24, describes in detail the device embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that the device embodiment and the method embodiment correspond to each other, and similar descriptions can refer to the method embodiment.

[0294] FIG20 shows a schematic block diagram of a communication device 400 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG20 , the communication device 400 includes:

[0295] The communication unit 410 is used to receive a first target signal and a second target signal at a target time unit, wherein the first target signal includes a first signal and a second signal, the second target signal includes a third signal, the first signal and the third signal are sent by the second device through active transmission, the second signal is sent by the third device through backscattering of the fourth signal, and the first signal, the third signal and the fourth signal all include pilot signals.

[0296] In some embodiments, the time domain position of the target time unit is predefined or configured by a network device.

[0297] In some embodiments, the target time unit is periodic.

[0298] In some embodiments, within a period, the distribution of the target time units satisfies a first pattern.

[0299] In some embodiments, the first pattern is predefined or configured by the network device.

[0300] In some embodiments, the target time unit includes a first time period and a second time period, the first target signal is received during the first time period, and the second target signal is received during the second time period.

[0301] In some embodiments, the positions of the first time period and the second time period in the target time unit are predefined or configured by a network device.

[0302] In some embodiments, the lengths of the first time period and the second time period are predefined or configured by the network device.

[0303] In some embodiments, the bandwidth of the second signal is the same as the bandwidth of the first signal, or the bandwidth of the second signal is a fraction of the bandwidth of the first signal.

[0304] In some embodiments, the target time unit is determined according to a coding rule adopted by a data signal in the second signal.

[0305] In some embodiments, the target time unit is a time unit used by the third device to transmit a specific bit.

[0306] In some embodiments, the target time unit includes a first time period and a second time period, the first target signal is received within the first time period, and the second target signal is received within the second time period, wherein the first time period is the time period corresponding to the high level in the time unit used by the third device to transmit a specific bit, and the second time period is the time period corresponding to the low level in the time unit used to transmit a specific bit.

[0307] In some embodiments, the specific bit is bit 1.

[0308] In some embodiments, the communication device 400 further includes:

[0309] A processing unit is configured to determine, based on a channel estimation result of a signal received on at least one time unit, whether the at least one time unit is the target time unit.

[0310] In some embodiments, the at least one time unit includes a first time unit, the first time unit includes a first time period and a second time period, and the processing unit is further configured to:

[0311] performing channel estimation on signals received in the first time period and the second time period respectively to obtain a first channel estimation result and a second channel estimation result;

[0312] Determine whether the first time unit is a target time unit according to the first channel estimation result and the second channel estimation result.

[0313] In some embodiments, the processing unit is further configured to: determine the first time unit as the target time unit when a difference between the first channel estimation result and the second channel estimation result is greater than a first threshold.

[0314] In some embodiments, the at least one time unit includes a second time unit, the second time unit includes a third time period and a fourth time period, and the processing unit is further configured to:

[0315] performing channel estimation and data demodulation on the signal received in the third time period according to the pilot signal received in the third time period to obtain a third channel estimation result and a first data demodulation result;

[0316] performing channel estimation and data demodulation on the signal received in the fourth time period according to the pilot signal received in the fourth time period to obtain a fourth channel estimation result and a second data demodulation result;

[0317] reconstructing the signal received in the third time period according to the fourth channel estimation result and the first data demodulation result to obtain a first data signal;

[0318] Determine whether the second time unit is a target time unit based on the signal received in the third time period and the first data signal.

[0319] In some embodiments, the processing unit is further configured to:

[0320] subtracting the first data signal from the signal received in the third time period to obtain a residual signal;

[0321] Determine whether the second time unit is a target time unit according to the residual signal.

[0322] In some embodiments, the processing unit is further configured to:

[0323] When the energy of the residual signal is greater than a second threshold, the second time unit is determined to be the target time unit.

[0324] In some embodiments, the processing unit is further configured to:

[0325] Channel information of a backscatter link of the third device is determined according to the first target signal and the second target signal.

[0326] In some embodiments, the processing unit is further configured to:

[0327] performing channel estimation on the first target signal and the second target signal respectively;

[0328] Channel information of the backscatter link of the third device is determined according to a difference between the channel estimation results of the first target signal and the second target signal.

[0329] In some embodiments, the communication unit 410 is further configured to:

[0330] A data signal in the second signal is received according to the channel information of the backscatter link.

[0331] In some embodiments, the communication device 400 is a network device or a terminal device.

[0332] In some embodiments, the second device is a terminal device or a network device.

[0333] In some embodiments, the third device is an ambient energy Internet of Things device.

[0334] In some embodiments, the fourth signal and the first signal are the same signal.

[0335] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the communication unit may be a communication interface or a transceiver, or an input / output interface of a communication chip or a system on chip. The processing unit may be one or more processors.

[0336] It should be understood that the communication device 400 according to an embodiment of the present application may correspond to the first device or main system receiver in the method embodiment of the present application, and the above-mentioned and other operations and / or functions of each unit in the communication device 400 are respectively for implementing the corresponding processes of the first device or main system receiver in the method shown in Figures 13 to 19. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0337] FIG21 shows a schematic block diagram of a communication device 500 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG21 , the communication device 500 includes:

[0338] The processing unit 510 is used to backscatter the fourth signal within a first time period in the target time unit, and not backscatter the fourth signal within a second time period in the target time unit, wherein the fourth signal is sent by the second device through active transmission, and the fourth signal includes a pilot signal.

[0339] In some embodiments, the time domain position of the target time unit is predefined or configured by a network device.

[0340] In some embodiments, the target time unit is periodic.

[0341] In some embodiments, within a period, the distribution of the target time units satisfies a first pattern.

[0342] In some embodiments, the first pattern is predefined or configured by the network device.

[0343] In some embodiments, the positions of the first time period and the second time period in the target time unit are predefined or configured by a network device.

[0344] In some embodiments, the lengths of the first time period and the second time period are predefined or configured by the network device.

[0345] In some embodiments, the first time period is a time period for the communication device 500 to transmit a specific bit.

[0346] In some embodiments, the specific bit is bit 1.

[0347] In some embodiments, the communication device 500 is an ambient energy Internet of Things device.

[0348] In some embodiments, the second device is a terminal device or a network device.

[0349] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the communication unit may be a communication interface or a transceiver, or an input / output interface of a communication chip or a system on chip. The processing unit may be one or more processors.

[0350] It should be understood that the communication device 500 according to the embodiment of the present application may correspond to the third device or reflection device in the embodiment of the method of the present application, and the above-mentioned and other operations and / or functions of each unit in the communication device 500 are respectively for realizing the corresponding processes of the third device or reflection device in the method shown in Figures 13 to 19. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0351] FIG22 shows a schematic block diagram of a communication device 800 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG22 , the communication device 500 includes:

[0352] The communication unit 810 is configured to send a first signal within a first time period in a target time unit and send a third signal within a second time period in the target time unit;

[0353] The first signal and the third signal are sent in an active transmission manner, the first signal and the third signal include a pilot signal, and the first signal is used for backscattering by the third device within the first time period.

[0354] In some embodiments, the time domain position of the target time unit is predefined or configured by a network device.

[0355] In some embodiments, the target time unit is periodic.

[0356] In some embodiments, within a period, the distribution of the target time units satisfies a first pattern.

[0357] In some embodiments, the first pattern is predefined or configured by the network device.

[0358] In some embodiments, the positions of the first time period and the second time period in the target time unit are predefined or configured by a network device.

[0359] In some embodiments, the lengths of the first time period and the second time period are predefined or configured by the network device.

[0360] In some embodiments, the bandwidth of the backscattered signal of the third device is the same as the bandwidth of the first signal, or the bandwidth of the backscattered signal of the third device is a fraction of the bandwidth of the first signal.

[0361] In some embodiments, the target time unit is a time unit used by the third device to transmit a specific bit.

[0362] In some embodiments, the first time period is a time period corresponding to a high level in a time unit for transmitting the specific bit, and the second time period is a time period corresponding to a low level in a time unit for transmitting the specific bit.

[0363] In some embodiments, the specific bit is bit 1.

[0364] In some embodiments, the third device is an ambient energy Internet of Things device.

[0365] In some embodiments, the communication device 800 is a terminal device or a network device.

[0366] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the communication unit may be a communication interface or a transceiver, or an input / output interface of a communication chip or a system on chip. The processing unit may be one or more processors.

[0367] It should be understood that the communication device 800 according to an embodiment of the present application may correspond to the second device or the main system transmitter in the method embodiment of the present application, and the above-mentioned and other operations and / or functions of each unit in the communication device 800 are respectively for implementing the corresponding processes of the second device or the main system transmitter in the method shown in Figures 13 to 19. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0368] Figure 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 600 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 600 shown in Figure 23 includes a processor 610, which can call and run a computer program from a memory to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0369] Optionally, as shown in FIG23 , the communication device 600 may further include a memory 620. The processor 610 may call and execute a computer program from the memory 620 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0370] The memory 620 may be a separate device independent of the processor 610 , or may be integrated into the processor 610 .

[0371] Optionally, as shown in FIG23 , the communication device 600 may further include a transceiver 630 , and the processor 610 may control the transceiver 630 to communicate with other devices, specifically, to send information or data to other devices, or to receive information or data sent by other devices.

[0372] The transceiver 630 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 630 may further include an antenna, and the number of antennas may be one or more.

[0373] Optionally, the communication device 600 may specifically be the first device or the main system receiver of the embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 600 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first device or the main system receiver in each method of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0374] Optionally, the communication device 600 may specifically be the second device or the main system transmitter of the embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 600 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the second device or the main system transmitter in each method of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0375] Optionally, the communication device 600 may specifically be a third device or a reflection device in an embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 600 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the third device or the reflection device in each method of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0376] Figure 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of the present application. The chip 700 shown in Figure 24 includes a processor 710, which can call and run a computer program from a memory to implement the method according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0377] Optionally, as shown in FIG24 , the chip 700 may further include a memory 720 , wherein the processor 710 may call and execute a computer program from the memory 720 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0378] The memory 720 may be a separate device independent of the processor 710 , or may be integrated into the processor 710 .

[0379] Optionally, the chip 700 may further include an input interface 730. The processor 710 may control the input interface 730 to communicate with other devices or chips, and specifically, may obtain information or data sent by other devices or chips.

[0380] Optionally, the chip 700 may further include an output interface 740. The processor 710 may control the output interface 740 to communicate with other devices or chips, and specifically, may output information or data to other devices or chips.

[0381] Optionally, the chip can be applied to the first device or the main system receiver in the embodiment of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first device or the main system receiver in each method of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0382] Optionally, the chip can be applied to the second device or the main system transmitter in the embodiments of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the second device or the main system transmitter in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0383] Optionally, the chip can be applied to the third device or reflection device in the embodiments of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the third device or reflection device in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0384] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc.

[0385] FIG25 is a schematic block diagram of another communication system 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG25 , the communication system 1000 includes a first device 1010 , a second device 1020 , and a third device 1030 .

[0386] Among them, the first device 1010 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the first device or the main system receiver in the above method, the second device 1020 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the second device or the main system transmitter in the above method, and the third device 1030 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the third device or the reflection device in the above method. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0387] It should be understood that the processor of the embodiments of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above method embodiment can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor or software instructions. The above processor can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. The various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware decoding processor, or can be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be located in a storage medium mature in the art, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.

[0388] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct RAM bus random access memory (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory of the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0389] It should be understood that the above-mentioned memories are exemplary but not restrictive. For example, the memories in the embodiments of the present application may also be static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct RAM RAM (DR RAM), etc. In other words, the memories in the embodiments of the present application are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memories.

[0390] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program.

[0391] Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the first device in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program enables the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the first device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they are not repeated here.

[0392] Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the second device in the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program enables the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the second device in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they are not repeated here.

[0393] Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the third device in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program enables the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the third device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they are not repeated here.

[0394] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions.

[0395] Optionally, the computer program product can be applied to the first device in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program instructions enable the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the first device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they are not repeated here.

[0396] Optionally, the computer program product can be applied to the second device in the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program instructions enable the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the second device in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they are not repeated here.

[0397] Optionally, the computer program product can be applied to the third device in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program instructions enable the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the third device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they are not repeated here.

[0398] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program.

[0399] Optionally, the computer program can be applied to the first device in the embodiment of the present application. When the computer program runs on the computer, the computer executes the corresponding processes implemented by the first device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they are not repeated here.

[0400] Optionally, the computer program can be applied to the second device in the embodiments of the present application. When the computer program runs on the computer, the computer executes the corresponding processes implemented by the second device in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they are not repeated here.

[0401] Optionally, the computer program can be applied to the third device in the embodiment of the present application. When the computer program runs on the computer, the computer executes the corresponding processes implemented by the third device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0402] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0403] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0404] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0405] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0406] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0407] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0408] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A wireless communication method, characterized in that: include: A first device receives a first target signal and a second target signal at a target time unit, wherein the first target signal includes a first signal and a second signal, the second target signal includes a third signal, the first signal and the third signal are sent by the second device in an active transmission manner, the second signal is sent by the third device by backscattering a fourth signal, and the first signal, the third signal and the fourth signal all include pilot signals.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The time domain position of the target time unit is predefined or configured by the network device.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The target time unit is periodic.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that In one cycle, the distribution of the target time units satisfies a first pattern.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The first pattern is predefined or configured by the network device.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The target time unit includes a first time period and a second time period, the first target signal is received in the first time period, and the second target signal is received in the second time period.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The positions of the first time period and the second time period in the target time unit are predefined, or configured by a network device; and / or The lengths of the first time period and the second time period are predefined or configured by the network device.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The bandwidth of the second signal is the same as the bandwidth of the first signal, or the bandwidth of the second signal is a fraction of the bandwidth of the first signal.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target time unit is determined according to a coding rule adopted by a data signal in the second signal.

10. The method according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: The target time unit is a time unit used by the third device to transmit a specific bit.

11. The method according to claim 1, 9 or 10, characterized in that The target time unit includes a first time period and a second time period, the first target signal is received within the first time period, and the second target signal is received within the second time period, wherein the first time period is a time period corresponding to a high level in a time unit used by the third device to transmit a specific bit, and the second time period is a time period corresponding to a low level in a time unit used to transmit a specific bit.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: The specific bit is bit 1.

13. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that: The method further comprises: According to a channel estimation result of a signal received in at least one time unit, it is determined whether the at least one time unit is the target time unit.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The at least one time unit includes a first time unit, the first time unit includes a first time period and a second time period, and determining whether the at least one time unit is the target time unit according to a channel estimation result of a signal received in the at least one time unit includes: Performing channel estimation on signals received in the first time period and the second time period respectively to obtain a first channel estimation result and a second channel estimation result; According to the first channel estimation result and the second channel estimation result, it is determined whether the first time unit is a target time unit.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The determining, according to the first channel estimation result and the second channel estimation result, whether the first time unit is a target time unit includes: When a difference between the first channel estimation result and the second channel estimation result is greater than a first threshold, the first time unit is determined to be the target time unit.

16. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The at least one time unit includes a second time unit, the second time unit includes a third time period and a fourth time period, and determining whether the at least one time unit is the target time unit according to a channel estimation result of a signal received in the at least one time unit includes: According to the pilot signal received in the third time period, channel estimation and data demodulation are performed on the signal received in the third time period to obtain a third channel estimation result and a first data demodulation result; Performing channel estimation and data demodulation on the signal received in the fourth time period according to the pilot signal received in the fourth time period to obtain a fourth channel estimation result and a second data demodulation result; According to the fourth channel estimation result and the first data demodulation result, the signal received in the third time period is re-emphasized. structure, obtaining a first data signal; Determine whether the second time unit is a target time unit according to the signal received in the third time period and the first data signal.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that The determining, according to the signal received in the third time period and the first data signal, whether the second time unit is a target time unit comprises: Subtracting the first data signal from the signal received in the third time period to obtain a residual signal; It is determined whether the second time unit is a target time unit according to the residual signal.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that The determining, according to the residual signal, whether the second time unit is a target time unit includes: When the energy of the residual signal is greater than a second threshold, the second time unit is determined to be the target time unit.

19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that The method further comprises: Channel information of a backscatter link of the third device is determined according to the first target signal and the second target signal.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that The determining, according to the first target signal and the second target signal, channel information of the backscatter link of the third device includes: performing channel estimation on the first target signal and the second target signal respectively; Channel information of the backscatter link of the third device is determined according to the difference between the channel estimation results of the first target signal and the second target signal.

21. The method according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that The method further comprises: A data signal in the second signal is received according to the channel information of the backscatter link.

22. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that The first device is a network device or a terminal device.

23. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that The second device is a terminal device or a network device.

24. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that The third device is an environmental energy Internet of Things device.

25. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that The fourth signal and the first signal are the same signal.

26. A method of wireless communication, characterized in that: include: The third device backscatters the fourth signal in a first time period in the target time unit, and does not backscatter the fourth signal in a second time period in the target time unit; The fourth signal is sent by the second device in an active transmission manner, and the fourth signal includes a pilot signal.

27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that The time domain position of the target time unit is predefined or configured by the network device.

28. The method according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that The target time unit is periodic.

29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that In one cycle, the distribution of the target time units satisfies a first pattern.

30. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that The first pattern is predefined or configured by the network device.

31. The method according to any one of claims 26 to 30, characterized in that The positions of the first time period and the second time period in the target time unit are predefined or configured by a network device.

32. The method according to any one of claims 26 to 31, characterized in that The lengths of the first time period and the second time period are predefined or configured by the network device.

33. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that The target time unit is a time unit used by the third device to transmit a specific bit.

34. The method according to claim 33, characterized in that The first time period is a time period corresponding to a high level in a time unit used to transmit the specific bit, and the second time period is a time period corresponding to a low level in a time unit used to transmit the specific bit.

35. The method according to any one of claims 26 to 34, characterized in that The third device is an environmental energy Internet of Things device.

36. The method according to any one of claims 26 to 35, characterized in that The second device is a terminal device or a network device.

37. A method of wireless communication, characterized in that: include: The second device sends a first signal within a first time period in the target time unit, and sends a third signal within a second time period in the target time unit; The first signal and the third signal are sent in an active transmission manner, the first signal and the third signal include a pilot signal, and the first signal is used for backscattering by the third device within the first time period.

38. The method according to claim 37, characterized in that The time domain position of the target time unit is predefined or configured by the network device.

39. The method according to claim 37 or 38, characterized in that The target time unit is periodic.

40. The method according to claim 39, characterized in that In one cycle, the distribution of the target time units satisfies a first pattern.

41. The method according to claim 40, characterized in that The first pattern is predefined or configured by the network device.

42. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 41, characterized in that The positions of the first time period and the second time period in the target time unit are predefined or configured by a network device.

43. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 42, characterized in that The lengths of the first time period and the second time period are predefined or configured by the network device.

44. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 42, characterized in that The bandwidth of the backscattered signal of the third device is the same as the bandwidth of the first signal, or the bandwidth of the backscattered signal of the third device is a fraction of the bandwidth of the first signal.

45. The method according to claim 37, characterized in that The target time unit is a time unit used by the third device to transmit a specific bit.

46. ​​The method according to claim 45, characterized in that The first time period is a time period corresponding to a high level in a time unit used to transmit the specific bit, and the second time period is a time period corresponding to a low level in a time unit used to transmit the specific bit.

47. The method according to claim 45 or 46, characterized in that The specific bit is bit 1.

48. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 47, characterized in that The third device is an environmental energy Internet of Things device.

49. The method according to any one of claims 37-48, characterized in that The second device is a terminal device or a network device.

50. A communication device, characterized in that: include: A communication unit, used for receiving a first target signal and a second target signal at a target time unit, wherein the first target signal includes a first signal and a second signal, the second target signal includes a third signal, the first signal and the third signal are sent by a second device through active transmission, the second signal is sent by a third device through backscattering of a fourth signal, and the first signal, the third signal and the fourth signal all include pilot signals.

51. A communication device, characterized in that: include: A processing unit is used to backscatter a fourth signal within a first time period in a target time unit, and not backscatter the fourth signal within a second time period in the target time unit, wherein the fourth signal is sent by the second device in an active transmission manner, and the fourth signal includes a pilot signal.

52. A communication device, characterized in that: include: A communication unit, used to send a first signal within a first time period in a target time unit, and to send a third signal within a second time period in the target time unit; wherein the first signal and the third signal are sent by active transmission, the first signal and the third signal include a pilot signal, and the first signal is used for backscattering by a third device within the first time period.

53. A communication device, characterized in that: include: A processor and a memory, the memory being used to store a computer program, the processor being used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 25, or the method as claimed in any one of claims 26 to 36, or the method as claimed in any one of claims 37 to 49.

54. A chip, characterized in that: include: A processor, configured to call and run a computer program from a memory so that a device equipped with the chip executes a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 25, or a method as claimed in any one of claims 26 to 36, or a method as claimed in any one of claims 37 to 49.

55. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: Used to store a computer program, the computer program causing a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 25, or the method according to any one of claims 26 to 36, or the method according to any one of claims 37 to 49.

56. A computer program product, characterized in that Comprising computer program instructions which cause a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 25, or the method of any one of claims 26 to 36, or the method of any one of claims 37 to 49.

57. A computer program, characterized in that The computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any one of claims 1 to 25, or the method of any one of claims 26 to 36, or the method of any one of claims 37 to 49.

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