Rural domestic sewage treatment device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a rural sewage treatment device which comprises a first inlet used for receiving black water and connected with a septic unit, and an outlet of the septic unit is connected with an activated sludge tank unit; the second inlet is used for receiving miscellaneous water and is connected with the activated sludge tank unit; the submerged filtration type vegetation unit is connected with the activated sludge receiving tank, a filtering well is arranged at one end of the submerged filtration type vegetation unit, and the septic unit is arranged at the other end of the submerged filtration type vegetation unit. Through optimization improvement and function expansion of an existing septic tank, the sewage purification effect is improved, the space of rural villages or courtyards can be fully utilized, and water in the septic tank unit can be further purified and utilized instead of directly permeating into the ground. The septic tank unit can basically run automatically, deposited sludge of the septic tank unit does not need to be manually treated, and the septic tank unit can be automatically transferred to the submerged filtration type vegetation unit as a fertilizer, so that the maintenance difficulty is reduced, and the technology popularization is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular to a rural sewage treatment device. Background Art

[0002] Direct discharge of untreated rural domestic sewage can pollute waterways, harming rivers, shallow groundwater, and agricultural irrigation sources, threatening ecological security and residents' health. Existing rural sewage treatment technologies primarily include constructed wetlands and biological treatment systems (such as biogas digesters). Constructed wetland technology requires a large footprint, is inefficient, and requires stringent environmental conditions. Biological treatment systems offer inconsistent results (especially in northern China, where winter temperatures are low), and the treatment of biogas residue and liquid is difficult, leading to secondary contamination. Consequently, existing rural sewage treatment systems suffer from low efficiency and often replicate urban processes, failing to fully account for the highly volatile and dispersed nature of rural water quality and quantity. This, coupled with significant infrastructure investment, extensive land occupation, and high operating costs, hinders widespread adoption.

[0003] The inventors further analyzed the problem and found that if rural domestic sewage is treated by centralized collection and treatment, the concentration of rural life in courtyards is not high, which increases the cost per unit of treatment volume. It also requires the establishment of additional sites and the need for dedicated personnel for daily maintenance, which is difficult to promote in rural areas with limited funds. If a decentralized treatment method is adopted, single-household renovations can be completed gradually, which reduces the difficulty of promotion to a certain extent. However, regular maintenance is still required, and domestic sewage treatment equipment often uses a single treatment method, which is poorly adaptable to the diverse living scenarios in rural areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a treatment device for rural domestic sewage, which can, through gradual transformation, preliminarily treat sewage to reduce pollution emissions and reduce daily maintenance, thereby contributing to the promotion and application of rural domestic sewage purification treatment technology.

[0005] The rural domestic sewage treatment device provided by the present invention comprises a first inlet, which is used to receive black water and is connected to a septic tank unit, wherein the outlet of the septic tank unit is connected to an activated sludge tank unit;

[0006] a second inlet, which is used to receive miscellaneous drainage and is connected to the activated sludge tank unit;

[0007] A submerged filtration vegetation unit is connected to the activated sludge tank and is provided with a filtration well at one end. The septic unit is arranged at the other end of the submerged filtration vegetation unit.

[0008] Fecal wastewater enters the septic tank through the first inlet for anaerobic sedimentation treatment. The resulting clean water enters the activated sludge tank for further purification. Miscellaneous wastewater enters the activated sludge tank directly through the second inlet. After further purification in the activated sludge tank, the water enters the submerged vegetation filter through a distributor. The water entering the submerged vegetation filter is utilized and further purified by the vegetation. Some of the unused water seeps into the ground, while some is collected in the filtration well for reuse.

[0009] As a further improvement, the septic unit includes three chambers, namely a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber. The first chamber is connected to the second inlet, the first chamber is connected to the upper part of the second chamber, and the second chamber is connected to the upper part of the third chamber.

[0010] After the fecal sewage enters the first chamber, solid sediment accumulates at the bottom and is rendered harmless under an anaerobic environment. The upper part containing less solid particles enters the second chamber for further sedimentation and harmless treatment.

[0011] As a further improvement, a water divider is provided on the outer ring of the activated sludge tank unit, and the water divider is connected to the submerged filtration vegetation unit.

[0012] As a further improvement, a slag cleaning port is downwardly provided at the bottom of the septic unit and is connected to a slag cleaning pipe, the slag cleaning pipe is provided with a slag cleaning pump and is connected to the water distributor.

[0013] As a further improvement, the activated sludge tank unit has sealed walls, activated sludge is piled up at the bottom, and aquatic plants are grown.

[0014] As a further improvement, the submerged filtration vegetation unit includes a gravel layer at the bottom and a soil planting layer at the top.

[0015] As a further improvement, the particle size of the lower layer of the gravel layer is smaller than that of the upper layer.

[0016] As a further improvement, the upper surface of the gravel layer is inclined downward from the position of the septic unit to the position of the filtration well.

[0017] As a further improvement, the lower part of the filtration well is a sealing wall and the upper part is a filter wall.

[0018] Wherein, the main structure of the septic unit adopts a brick-concrete structure or a fiberglass reinforced plastic structure.

[0019] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0020] (1) By optimizing and improving the existing septic tanks and expanding their functions, the space of rural villages or courtyards can be fully utilized. The water in the septic tank units can be further purified and used by vegetation or for cleaning instead of directly seeping into the ground, thereby improving the sewage purification effect and the utilization of water resources.

[0021] (2) The septic tank unit can operate basically automatically, and there is no need for manpower to handle the deposited sludge in the septic tank unit. The sludge can be automatically transferred to the submerged filtration vegetation unit as fertilizer, which reduces the difficulty of maintenance and is conducive to the promotion of technology.

[0022] (3) By setting up an activated sludge tank unit, when conditions permit large-scale centralized treatment in the future, water can be directly diverted from the activated sludge tank unit, providing an interface for further large-scale treatment. This is a reflection of the idea of ​​gradual transformation in this application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 It shows the main functional units of the rural domestic sewage treatment plant;

[0025] Figure 2 Shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the septic unit and the activated sludge tank unit;

[0026] Figure 3 A practical diagram of the structure of a submerged filter vegetation unit is shown;

[0027] Figure 4 Shown Figure 3 The enlarged view of the part at point A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filtration well.

[0028] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0029] 1. Septic unit;

[0030] 11. First import;

[0031] 12. First chamber;

[0032] 13. Second chamber;

[0033] 14. The third chamber;

[0034] 15. The first communication port;

[0035] 16. The first communication port;

[0036] 17. Slag cleaning hole;

[0037] 2. Activated sludge tank unit;

[0038] 21. Second import;

[0039] 22. Water distributor;

[0040] 3. Submerged filtration vegetation unit

[0041] 31. Gravel layer;

[0042] 32. Soil layer;

[0043] 4. Filtration well;

[0044] 41. Filter wall;

[0045] 42.Sealed wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0047] The main part of the rural domestic sewage treatment device provided in this embodiment is as follows Figure 1 As shown, it includes a septic tank unit 1, an activated sludge tank unit 2, a submerged vegetation unit 3, and a filtration well 4. The activated sludge tank unit 2 is closely connected to the septic tank unit 1, and the septic tank unit 1 and the filtration well 4 are located at both ends of the submerged vegetation unit 3 respectively.

[0048] refer to Figure 2-4 Black water, or fecal wastewater, enters septic tank unit 1 through first inlet 11 for anaerobic sedimentation treatment. The resulting clean water enters activated sludge tank unit 2 for further purification. Miscellaneous wastewater enters activated sludge tank unit 2 directly through second inlet 21. After further purification in activated sludge tank unit 2, the water enters submerged vegetation unit 3 through distributor 22. The water entering submerged vegetation unit 3 is utilized by the vegetation and further purified. Some of the unused water seeps into the ground, while some is collected in filtration well 4 for reuse.

[0049] refer to Figure 2The septic tank unit 1 is buried underground and can be constructed of either a brick-concrete structure or an integrated fiberglass reinforced plastic structure. The septic tank unit comprises three chambers: a first chamber 12, a second chamber 13, and a third chamber 14. The first chamber 12 is connected to the first inlet 11. A first connecting port 15 is defined at the top between the first and second chambers 12, 13, and a second connecting port 16 is defined at the top between the first and second chambers 12, 12. The third chamber 14 is adjacent to the activated sludge tank unit 2. After blackwater enters the first chamber 12, solid sediment accumulates at the bottom and undergoes a harmless treatment process under an anaerobic environment. The upper portion, which contains fewer solid particles, enters the second chamber 12 for further sedimentation and harmless treatment. The clearer water from the upper portion of the second chamber 13 enters the third chamber 14 for further sedimentation and is then pumped to the activated sludge tank unit 2. The first chamber 12 also has a sludge removal port 17, which connects to a sludge removal pipeline equipped with a gate valve and a sludge removal pump. An exhaust valve is installed on the top of the unit, connecting it to the exhaust pipe. The height of the septic unit is greater than 1.3 meters. In northern China, the burial depth is determined based on the permafrost conditions. The length and width of the septic unit can be flexibly adjusted.

[0050] Continue to refer Figure 2 The wall of the activated sludge tank unit 2 is sealed, activated sludge is accumulated at the bottom, and the water pumped in from the third chamber 14 is further purified in the activated sludge tank. Miscellaneous drainage other than black water, such as water used for washing pots, washing dishes, washing, etc., directly enters the activated sludge tank unit 2 through the second inlet 21. In the activated sludge tank unit 2, the oil and fat content in the water is further reduced to meet the requirements for watering plants. The activated sludge tank unit 2 can also be used to grow aquatic plants to improve degradation capacity. When watering the submerged vegetation unit 3, the water in the activated sludge tank unit 2 needs to first enter the water divider 22, and then flow into the submerged vegetation unit 3. The way the water in the activated sludge tank unit 2 needs to enter the water divider 22 can be by gravity, or it can be lifted into the water divider 22 by a water pump.

[0051] When the sediment in first chamber 12 needs to be cleaned, the gate valve at sludge removal port 17 is opened, and the sludge removal pump is activated to pump the harmless sediment at the bottom into the water distributor. Combined with water from the activated sludge tank unit 2, it is flushed into the submerged vegetation unit 3, providing fertilizer for the submerged vegetation unit 3. If necessary, clean water is added to the first chamber 12 through the first inlet 11 for cleaning. Cleaning frequency can be annual or quarterly, depending on usage.

[0052] refer to Figure 3The submerged vegetation unit 3 includes a gravel layer 31 at the bottom and a soil layer 32 at the top. The upper surface of the gravel layer 31 is inclined downward from the position of the septic unit to the position of the filtration well, with an inclination angle of 5 to 7 degrees. The upper particles of the gravel layer 31 are large, and the lower particles are small. The thickness of the soil layer 32 can be determined according to the selected vegetation. The construction of the submerged vegetation unit 3 requires first digging the earth, laying the gravel layer 31, and then laying the soil. As the water distributor gradually distributes water for irrigation, the soil components gradually fill in the lower layer of the gravel layer 31, making the lower layer of the gravel layer 31 more compact and reducing water leakage. When the water distributor distributes water normally, part of the unused water exists in the soil layer, part leaks, and part converges to the filtration well 4 along the inclined surface of the gravel layer.

[0053] refer to Figure 4 The filter well 4 comprises an upper filter wall 41 and a lower sealing wall 42. The filter wall 41 is constructed from a filterable mixture of pebbles and quartz sand. The sealing wall 42 can be constructed from cement concrete. The bottom of the sealing wall 42 is roughly flush with the bottom of the gravel layer 31. When water from the surface or interior of the gravel layer 31 flows outside the filter well 4, it is further filtered by the filter wall 41 and then stored in the filter well 4 for use in daily life, such as irrigation or other flushing.

[0054] The solution of this embodiment can be used by a single farmer or by several farmers on vacant land in a village, with appropriate adjustments to the specifications.

[0055] The above scheme of this embodiment is a compromise choice made after considering the high cost of centralized treatment and the low efficiency of decentralized treatment. While improving the sewage treatment effect, the activated sludge tank unit and the filtration well are both large-scale equipment with controllable costs. The submerged filtration vegetation unit also utilizes the space of rural villages or courtyards, does not occupy a large amount of space, and can even save the submerged filtration vegetation unit. The setting of the activated sludge tank unit can directly divert water from the activated sludge tank unit when conditions permit large-scale centralized treatment in the future, providing interface preparation for further large-scale treatment, and can be gradually transformed to reduce the difficulty of technology use and promotion.

[0056] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rural domestic sewage treatment device, characterized in that include: a first inlet for receiving black water and connected to a septic unit, wherein an outlet of the septic unit is connected to an activated sludge tank unit; a second inlet, which is used to receive miscellaneous drainage and is connected to the activated sludge tank unit; A submerged filtration vegetation unit is connected to the activated sludge tank and is provided with a filtration well at one end. The septic unit is arranged at the other end of the submerged filtration vegetation unit.

2. The rural domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The septic unit includes three chambers, namely a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber. The first chamber is connected to the second inlet, the first chamber is connected to the upper part of the second chamber, and the second chamber is connected to the upper part of the third chamber.

3. The rural domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A water divider is provided on the outer circle of the activated sludge pool unit, and the water divider is connected to the submerged filtration vegetation unit.

4. The rural domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A slag cleaning port is downwardly arranged at the bottom of the septic unit and is connected to a slag cleaning pipeline. The slag cleaning pipeline is provided with a slag cleaning pump and is connected to the water distributor.

5. The rural domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The activated sludge pool unit has sealed walls, activated sludge is piled up at the bottom, and aquatic plants are grown there.

6. The rural domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The submerged filtration vegetation unit comprises a gravel layer at the bottom and a soil layer at the top.

7. The rural domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The particle size of the lower layer of the gravel layer is smaller than that of the upper layer.

8. The rural domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper surface of the gravel layer is inclined downward from the position of the septic unit to the position of the filtration well.

9. The rural domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower part of the filter well is a sealing wall, and the upper part is a filter wall.

10. The rural domestic sewage treatment device according to claims 1-9, characterized in that: The main structure of the septic unit adopts a brick-concrete structure or a glass fiber reinforced plastic structure.

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