Selenium-rich cadmium-resistant foliar fertilizer and application thereof
By spraying a combination of the components of selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer, including chelated iron, zinc gluconate, calcium ammonium nitrate, and auxiliary components potassium humate, polyglutamic acid, and yeast selenium, on the leaves of crops, the problems of high risk of inorganic selenium residue and low cadmium-blocking efficiency in selenium-rich foliar fertilizers in the existing technology are solved, and the selenium content in agricultural products is increased and the cadmium content is reduced, producing selenium-rich and low-cadmium agricultural products.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510905836.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-01
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-16
AI Technical Summary
The existing technology lacks foliar fertilizers that combine the dual functions of selenium enrichment and cadmium inhibition. Existing selenium-rich foliar fertilizers have a high risk of inorganic selenium residue and a low conversion rate, while cadmium-inhibiting foliar fertilizers have low and unstable absorption efficiency.
The components of selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer include chelated iron, zinc gluconate, calcium ammonium nitrate and auxiliary ingredients potassium humate, polyglutamic acid, and yeast selenium. It is sprayed on the leaves of crops and used after the spray is diluted to increase the selenium content of crops and reduce the cadmium content.
The selenium content in agricultural products has been increased and the cadmium content has been reduced, and selenium-rich and low-cadmium agricultural products have been produced, which has solved the problem of excessive cadmium and improved the quality of agricultural products.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizers, in particular to a selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer and application thereof. Background Art
[0002] Selenium is an essential trace nutrient and vital element for maintaining human health. Approximately 72% of my country suffers from selenium deficiency. Insufficient selenium intake can lead to selenium deficiency, which can contribute to over 40 diseases. Since the human body cannot synthesize selenium on its own, it must be obtained from food. Therefore, consuming selenium-rich agricultural products is recognized as the safest, most effective, and most scientific method of supplementing selenium.
[0003] Cadmium is a metal element toxic to human health. With the rapid development of industrialization, wastewater irrigation, and the use of substandard pesticides have led to increasingly serious farmland pollution. Cadmium pollution in the environment can accumulate in organisms and enter the human body through the food chain, causing chronic poisoning. Cadmium, compared to other heavy metals, is more readily absorbed from the soil by crops, contaminating crops and fruits. It is reported that the rate of pollutant levels exceeding the standard in arable soil in China is 19.1%, with cadmium exceeding the standard at 7.0%. This leads to excessive cadmium levels in agricultural products grown there. Consumers therefore demand healthy and safe agricultural products low in cadmium. However, excessive cadmium levels in plants can also harm the crops themselves, reducing leaf photosynthesis, leading to stunted growth and development, and ultimately reducing yield and quality.
[0004] Numerous efforts have been made to reduce cadmium accumulation in soil and crops and to reduce the bioavailability of cadmium in soil, primarily through the application of soil conditioners or cadmium passivators, field moisture control, and foliar spraying of inhibitors. Currently, soil remediation measures are often used to reduce cadmium or available cadmium content in soil to reduce cadmium accumulation in agricultural products. However, these methods are often complex and require significant investment. Agronomic measures, such as breeding crop varieties that inhibit cadmium uptake, are also used to reduce cadmium content in agricultural products, but this approach requires a long breeding cycle. Studies have shown that selenium and cadmium have antagonistic effects. Foliar spraying of controlled amounts of chemicals to mitigate cadmium toxicity and reduce cadmium uptake by plants may offer a cost-effective and practical strategy for food safety. Currently, only foliar fertilizers with a single selenium-enriching or cadmium-blocking function are available on the market. These selenium-enriched foliar fertilizers primarily use sodium selenite as their primary raw material, which can result in significant residual inorganic selenium and pose a potential toxic risk. Furthermore, the conversion rate of inorganic selenium into agricultural products is low, resulting in high costs. Current cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizers are primarily silicon-based, but their low absorption efficiency leads to poor and unstable control of cadmium absorption and reduction of cadmium accumulation. Therefore, it is particularly important to find a foliar fertilizer that combines the dual functions of selenium enrichment and cadmium blocking. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Technical problem to be solved: In view of the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides a selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer and its application. Spraying the selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer on the surface of crops can not only improve the quality of agricultural products, but also provide an effective way to solve the problem of excessive cadmium.
[0006] Technical solution: A selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer, which is composed of functional ingredients; the functional ingredients contain the following ingredients by mass: 15-30 parts of chelated iron, 10-30 parts of zinc gluconate and 10-30 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate.
[0007] The functional components described above contain the following components in parts by mass: 20 parts of chelated iron, 20 parts of zinc gluconate, and 20 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate.
[0008] The above-mentioned selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer also contains auxiliary ingredients, which are one or more of potassium humate, polyglutamic acid, and yeast selenium; each mass part of functional ingredient in the selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer corresponds to 0.08 to 0.4 parts of auxiliary ingredients.
[0009] The selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer contains the following ingredients in parts by mass: 20 parts of chelated iron, 20 parts of zinc gluconate, 20 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 10 parts of potassium fulvate, and 10 parts of polyglutamic acid.
[0010] The selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer contains the following ingredients in parts by mass: 20 parts of chelated iron, 20 parts of zinc gluconate, 20 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, and 5 parts of yeast selenium.
[0011] The above-mentioned selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer is used to enrich selenium and block cadmium for crops.
[0012] The application of the selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer on crops is to mix the components of the selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer evenly according to mass parts, dissolve them in water and spray them on the leaves of crops. The spraying requirement is that the liquid gathers without dripping, wherein every 667m 2 The dosage of selenium-rich and cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer for fields is 40-60 mL, which should be diluted with water to a 500-750 times solution for spraying.
[0013] The above mentioned every 667m 2 The dosage of selenium-rich and cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer for the field is 50mL.
[0014] The time for spraying the above-mentioned selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer is the transition stage from vegetative growth to reproductive growth of crops.
[0015] The crops mentioned above are rice, edamame or sweet potato, and the transition stage is the rice pod-breaking stage, the edamame pod-setting stage or the sweet potato tuber swelling stage.
[0016] Beneficial effects: The selenium-rich and cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer and its application provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: applying the selenium-rich and cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer according to the specifications can produce selenium-rich and low-cadmium agricultural products, which not only improves the quality of agricultural products, but also provides an effective way to solve the problem of excessive cadmium. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific examples, which, however, are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods, and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods, and equipment in the art.
[0018] The materials used in the following examples were purchased from conventional commercial channels.
[0019] Example 1
[0020] This embodiment provides a selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer, which contains the following ingredients in parts by mass: 20 parts of chelated iron, 20 parts of zinc gluconate, and 20 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate.
[0021] When applying, mix the components of the selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer evenly according to mass, dissolve in water and spray on the crop leaves. The spraying requirement is that the liquid gathers without dripping. 2 The dosage of selenium-rich and cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer for the field is 100mL, which should be diluted with water to a 500-750 times solution for spraying.
[0022] Example 2
[0023] This embodiment provides a selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer, which contains the following ingredients in parts by mass: 20 parts of chelated iron, 20 parts of zinc gluconate, 20 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 10 parts of potassium fulvate, and 10 parts of polyglutamic acid.
[0024] When applying, mix the components of the selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer evenly according to mass, dissolve in water and spray on the crop leaves. The spraying requirement is that the liquid gathers without dripping. 2 The dosage of selenium-rich and cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer for the field is 100mL, which should be diluted with water to a 500-750 times solution for spraying.
[0025] Example 3
[0026] This embodiment provides a selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer, which contains the following ingredients in parts by mass: 20 parts of chelated iron, 20 parts of zinc gluconate, 20 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, and 5 parts of yeast selenium.
[0027] When applying, mix the components of the selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer evenly according to mass, dissolve in water and spray on the crop leaves. The spraying requirement is that the liquid gathers without dripping. 2The dosage of selenium-rich and cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer for the field is 100mL, which should be diluted with water to a 500-750 times solution for spraying.
[0028] The selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizers of Examples 1 to 3 were applied to the cultivation of early rice, mid-season rice, sweet potatoes, and autumn edamame. The experimental process and results are as follows.
[0029] 1. Early rice experiment
[0030] The foliar fertilizers of Examples 1 to 3 were prepared according to the application method described therein and then used to treat early rice (Zhongzao 35) at the breakout stage, which were respectively designated as experimental groups 1 to 3; a solution prepared with an equal amount of low-foaming osmotic wetting agent OPC-8 (purchased online from Shandong Yousuo Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.) was used as a negative control group to observe its effect on the selenium and cadmium content of rice grains.
[0031] Specifically, the spraying method is as follows: during the rice rupture period, the rice in the field is sprayed until liquid droplets gather on the rice leaves without dripping, followed by normal growth. When the rice matures, the selenium and cadmium content of the rice grains is measured and the results are statistically analyzed.
[0032] The effects of spraying the foliar fertilizers of Examples 1-3 on the selenium and cadmium content of early rice grains are shown in Table 1 below. The magnitude of change in selenium and cadmium in each experimental group was calculated using the data from its respective control group. The data in the table are the averages of three biological replicates. Different lowercase letters after the mean indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.05).
[0033] Table 1
[0034]
[0035]
[0036] Table 1 shows that the foliar fertilizers shown in Examples 1 to 3 all have the effect of promoting the selenium content and reducing the cadmium content in early rice grains. Example 3 has the best effect on the selenium and cadmium content in early rice grains.
[0037] 2. Mid-season rice experiment
[0038] The foliar fertilizers of Examples 1 to 3 were prepared according to the application method described therein and then used to treat mid-season rice (Zhenliangyou 8612) at the breakage stage, which were respectively designated as experimental groups 1 to 3; a solution prepared with an equal amount of low-foaming penetrating wetting agent OPC-8 (purchased online from Shandong Yousuo Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.) was used as a negative control group to observe its effect on the selenium and cadmium content of rice grains.
[0039] Specifically, the spraying method is as follows: during the rice rupture stage, the rice in the field is sprayed until liquid droplets gather on the leaves without dripping, followed by normal cultivation, and when the rice is mature, the selenium and cadmium content of the rice grains is measured and the results are statistically analyzed.
[0040] Table 2 shows the effects of spraying the foliar fertilizers described in Examples 1-3 on the selenium and cadmium content of mid-season rice grains. The magnitude of change in selenium and cadmium in each experimental group was calculated using the data from its respective control group. The data in the table are the averages of three biological replicates. Different lowercase letters after the mean indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.05).
[0041] Table 2
[0042]
[0043] Table 2 shows that the foliar fertilizers shown in Examples 1 to 3 all have the effect of promoting the selenium content and reducing the cadmium content in medium-grain rice grains, and Example 3 has the best effect on the selenium and cadmium content in medium-grain rice grains.
[0044] 3. Sweet potato experiment
[0045] The foliar fertilizers of Examples 1 to 3 were prepared according to the application method described therein and then used to treat sweet potatoes (Pushu 32) in the root expansion period, which were respectively designated as experimental groups 1 to 3; a solution prepared with an equal amount of low-foaming penetrating wetting agent OPC-8 (purchased online from Shandong Yousuo Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.) was used as a negative control group to observe its effect on the selenium and cadmium content of the sweet potato root tubers.
[0046] Specifically, the spraying method is: during the sweet potato tuber swelling period, the sweet potatoes in the field are sprayed, and the liquid droplets are sprayed on the sweet potato leaves until the leaves have liquid droplets but do not drip, and then the sweet potatoes are cultivated normally. When the sweet potatoes are mature, the selenium and cadmium content of the sweet potato tubers is measured and the results are counted.
[0047] The effects of spraying sweet potatoes with the foliar fertilizers described in Examples 1-3 on the selenium and cadmium content in sweet potato tubers are shown in Table 3 below. The magnitude of change in selenium and cadmium in each experimental group was calculated using the data from its respective control group. The data in the table are the averages of three biological replicates. Different lowercase letters after the mean indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.05).
[0048] Table 3
[0049]
[0050] Table 3 shows that the foliar fertilizers described in Examples 1 to 3 all have the effect of promoting the selenium content and reducing the cadmium content in the sweet potato root tubers, and Example 2 has the best effect on the selenium and cadmium content in the sweet potato root tubers.
[0051] 4. Autumn soybean experiment
[0052] The foliar fertilizers of Examples 2 and 3 were prepared according to the application method described therein and then used to treat edamame (Hainan 64), which were respectively designated as experimental groups 1 to 3. A solution prepared with an equal amount of low-foaming penetrating wetting agent OPC-8 (purchased online from Shandong Yousuo Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.) was used as the negative control group to observe its effect on the edamame content.
[0053] Specifically, the spraying method is: during the pod-setting period of edamame, the edamame in the field is sprayed until liquid droplets gather on the leaves without dripping, and then the edamame is cultivated normally. When the edamame is mature, the selenium and cadmium content of the edamame is measured and the results are counted.
[0054] The effects of spraying edamame with the foliar fertilizers described in Examples 2 and 3 on the selenium and cadmium content of edamame are shown in Table 4 below. The magnitude of change in selenium and cadmium in each experimental group was calculated using the data from its respective control group. The data in the table are the averages of three biological replicates. Different lowercase letters after the mean indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.05).
[0055] Table 4
[0056]
[0057] Table 4 shows that the foliar fertilizers shown in Examples 2 and 3 both have the effect of promoting the selenium content and reducing the cadmium content in edamame, and Example 3 has the best effect on the selenium and cadmium content in edamame.
[0058] The above embodiments provide detailed descriptions of the implementation methods of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various modifications can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present invention description are included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer, characterized in that: The selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer is composed of functional components; the functional components contain the following components in parts by mass: 15-30 parts of chelated iron, 10-30 parts of zinc gluconate and 10-30 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate.
2. A selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The functional components contain the following components in parts by mass: 20 parts of chelated iron, 20 parts of zinc gluconate, and 20 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate.
3. A selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer further contains auxiliary ingredients, which are one or more of potassium humate, polyglutamic acid, and yeast selenium; each mass part of functional ingredient in the selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer corresponds to 0.08 to 0.4 parts of auxiliary ingredients.
4. A selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer contains the following ingredients in parts by mass: 20 parts of chelated iron, 20 parts of zinc gluconate, 20 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 10 parts of potassium fulvate, and 10 parts of polyglutamic acid.
5. A selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer contains the following ingredients in parts by mass: 20 parts of chelated iron, 20 parts of zinc gluconate, 20 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, and 5 parts of yeast selenium.
6. Use of a selenium-rich, cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 in its selenium-rich, cadmium-blocking effect on crops.
7. The use of a selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer according to claim 5 in crops to enrich selenium and block cadmium, characterized in that: After mixing the components of the selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer evenly according to mass parts, dissolve in water and spray on the crop leaves. The spraying requirement is that the liquid gathers without dripping. 2 The dosage of selenium-rich and cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer for fields is 40-60 mL, which should be diluted with water to a 500-750 times solution for spraying.
8. The use of a selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer according to claim 6 in crops to enrich selenium and block cadmium, characterized in that: Every 667m 2 The dosage of selenium-rich and cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer for the field is 50 mL.
9. The use of a selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer according to claim 6 in crops to enrich selenium and block cadmium, characterized in that: The selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer is sprayed during the transition period from vegetative growth to reproductive growth of crops.
10. The use of a selenium-rich cadmium-blocking foliar fertilizer according to claim 8 in crops to achieve selenium-rich and cadmium-blocking effects, characterized in that: The crops are rice, edamame or sweet potato, and the transition stage is the rice pod-breaking stage, the edamame pod-setting stage or the sweet potato tuber swelling stage.