Polymeric dispersant for dye, preparation method of polymeric dispersant and disperse red dye

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of disperse dyes, and particularly relates to a polymeric dispersant for dyes, a preparation method thereof and a disperse red dye. The polymeric dispersant for the dye is prepared from the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: 15 to 25 parts of main monomers, 12 to 18 parts of functional monomers, 3 to 6 parts of hyperbranched monomers, 0.1 to 0.3 part of cross-linking monomers, 8 to 12 parts of hydrophilic regulating monomers, 0.1 to 0.2 part of initiators, 0.3 to 0.6 part of chain transfer agents and 95 to 105 parts of solvents. The novel polymer dispersant for the dye is prepared through molecular design and process optimization, the dispersing performance and stability of the disperse red dye are remarkably improved, meanwhile, the dyeing effect is improved, and the polymer dispersant has important significance in promoting development of the dye industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of disperse dyes, and particularly relates to a polymer dispersant for dyes, a preparation method thereof, and a disperse red dye. Background Art

[0002] Disperse dyes are important dyes used in the textile industry for dyeing hydrophobic fibers. Disperse red, with its vibrant color and wide application, holds a prominent position in the red dyeing market. However, as textiles evolve toward higher value-added, functionalized textiles, traditional dye dispersants have limitations in terms of dispersion, stability, and compatibility with dyes. Small molecule dispersants can denature disperse red dyes, affecting their color stability and dyeing performance. Furthermore, long-term storage or high-temperature conditions can lead to dye aggregation and precipitation, reducing dye quality and performance.

[0003] Therefore, developing a high-performance polymer dispersant for dyes and a preparation method to improve the dispersion performance, stability and comprehensive application effect of disperse red dyes is of great significance to promoting the development of the dye industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a polymer dispersant for dyes, a preparation method thereof, and a disperse red dye. By using a homemade neutralizer, the stability of the disperse red dye in an acidic and high-temperature environment is significantly improved, and the dyeing depth and acid fastness of the dyed fabric are improved.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A high molecular weight dispersant for dyes. The raw materials for its preparation, calculated by weight, include 15-25 parts of a main monomer, 12-18 parts of a functional monomer, 3-6 parts of a hyperbranched monomer, 0.1-0.3 parts of a cross-linking monomer, 8-12 parts of a hydrophilic adjustment monomer, 0.1-0.2 parts of an initiator, 0.3-0.6 parts of a chain transfer agent, and 95-105 parts of a solvent.

[0006] Preferably, the main monomers include styrene and methyl methacrylate.

[0007] Preferably, the mass ratio of styrene to methyl methacrylate is 1:(1-3); more preferably, it is 1:2.

[0008] The use of styrene and methyl methacrylate as the main monomers of the polymer dispersant improves dispersion, dyeing strength, and temperature resistance. This is likely due to the combined effect of the two monomers: the styrene benzene ring enhances dye adsorption through π-π interaction, while the methyl methacrylate chain segments maintain elasticity at high temperatures, inhibiting hardening at high temperatures and preventing dye shedding. The copolymerization of styrene and methyl methacrylate forms a "hard-soft" microphase separation structure. The synergistic effect of hydrophobic anchoring and elastic deformation adapts to the high-temperature dyeing expansion characteristics of polyester fibers, enhancing dispersion efficiency and temperature resistance.

[0009] Preferably, the functional monomer includes acrylic acid-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of the functional monomer to the main monomer is 1:(1-1.5); more preferably, it is 3:4.

[0011] The selection of specific functional monomers to be compounded with the main monomer can improve the dye uptake and color fastness. This may be because the sulfonic acid groups in the functional monomers, after ionization, generate electrostatic repulsion with the negative charge on the fiber surface, pushing the dye to diffuse into the fiber, improving the dye uptake, while the charge stabilization layer prevents particle agglomeration and improves the dye dispersibility. The sulfonic acid groups are evenly distributed on the main monomer chain, forming a "charge barrier" that stabilizes the dye particles together with the hydrophobic-elastic skeleton of styrene / methyl methacrylate, inhibiting dye aggregation, reducing dye migration, and improving color fastness. The strong ionization of the functional monomer allows it to maintain a high charge density under acidic conditions, thereby inhibiting dye aggregation when the human body sweats or washes, and improving the dye color fastness.

[0012] Preferably, the hyperbranched monomer comprises pentaerythritol tetraacrylate.

[0013] Preferably, the mass ratio of the hyperbranched monomer to the main monomer is 1:(4-6); more preferably, it is 1:5.

[0014] Selecting specific hyperbranched monomers as a raw material can enhance the dispersant's adsorption capacity, thereby increasing dye strength and sublimation fastness. This is likely due to the hyperbranched core providing multiple anchoring sites, increasing the density of terminal functional groups, allowing a single chain to adsorb more dye molecules and improving dispersion capacity. Furthermore, the three-dimensional branched structure enhances network toughness, inhibiting thermal motion of dye molecules and reducing high-temperature sublimation. The pentaerythritol core provides multiple hydroxyl / carboxyl sites, which copolymerize with the main monomer to form a "dendritic" dispersion layer, improving coating efficiency and enhancing steric hindrance to prevent dye particle aggregation.

[0015] Preferably, the crosslinking monomer comprises divinylbenzene.

[0016] Preferably, the added amount of the cross-linking monomer is 0.5%-1% of the mass of the main monomer.

[0017] Preferably, the preparation method of the hydrophilicity regulating monomer comprises the following steps: under a nitrogen atmosphere, stirring the block polyether, glycidyl methacrylate, a catalyst and an organic solvent at 58-62° C., heating to 78-82° C., reacting for 6-7 hours, cooling to 40° C., adding a polymerization inhibitor, and rotary evaporating to remove the organic solvent to obtain the hydrophilicity regulating monomer.

[0018] Preferably, the block polyether is propylene glycol block polyether, with a relative molecular mass of 5500-6000, a viscosity of 300-400 cP at 60° C., a feed ratio of ethylene oxide to polyether polyol of 40:70, and an HLB value of 7-9.

[0019] In some preferred embodiments, the block polyether is from Merck Chemicals, Pluronic® P-123.

[0020] Preferably, the molar ratio of the block polyether to glycidyl methacrylate is 1:(2-4).

[0021] Preferably, the catalyst comprises tetrabutylammonium bromide, and the added amount is 1.5% of the mass of the block polyether.

[0022] Preferably, the organic solvent is toluene; and the liquid-to-solid ratio of the organic solvent to the block polyether is (1.5-2.5) mL:1 g.

[0023] Preferably, the polymerization inhibitor is hydroquinone, and the added amount is 0.03%-0.05% of the mass of the block polyether.

[0024] Preferably, the mass ratio of the hydrophilicity regulating monomer to the functional monomer is 1:(1-2); more preferably, it is 2:3.

[0025] Selecting EO / PO block polyethers with specific molecular weights and HLB values ​​as the raw material for hydrophilicity-regulating monomers achieves a balanced hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity, making them suitable for disperse red dyes. However, block polyethers alone cannot participate in monomer copolymerization reactions. Modification of the block polyether with glycidyl methacrylate results in the inclusion of methacrylate groups, which participate in copolymerization to form a stable hydration layer, lubricating the particle surface and improving particle dispersibility. Furthermore, the introduction of double bonds allows the polyether to participate in the copolymerization, forming an amphiphilic "hydrophilic segment-hydrophobic anchor" structure. This synergistically forms a dual-stabilization layer with the sulfonic acid groups in the functional monomers, jointly regulating surface charge and hydrophilicity, protecting dye molecules from excessive hydrophilicity leading to dye aggregation, and dynamically adjusting the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance. The electrostatic repulsion of the sulfonic acid groups, in synergy with the steric hindrance of the EO / PO groups, inhibits secondary aggregation, further improving dispersion.

[0026] Preferably, the initiator comprises azobisisobutyronitrile.

[0027] Preferably, the chain transfer agent comprises 4-cyanopentanoic acid dithiobenzoate.

[0028] Preferably, the solvent is an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 25%-35%.

[0029] The preparation method of the polymer dispersant for dyes comprises the following steps: S1. Core preparation: Dissolve the hyperbranched monomer, methyl methacrylate, half of the styrene, and the chain transfer agent in a solvent. Heat the mixture to 68-72°C under a nitrogen atmosphere, add two-thirds of the initiator, and react for more than 5 hours until the PDI reaches 1-1.2. S2, Shell grafting: Cool the system obtained in step S1 to 60°C, add the functional monomer, hydrophilicity adjustment monomer and the remaining initiator dropwise, and react for 3-5 hours; S3, cross-linking strengthening: add cross-linking monomer and remaining styrene to the system obtained in step S2, raise the temperature to 78-82°C, react for 2-3 hours, adjust the pH value of the system to 8-9, then adjust to neutral, centrifuge, wash with ethanol 2-3 times, and microwave dry to obtain.

[0030] Preferably, the specific conditions of the microwave drying are: power 380-420W, time 3-5 min.

[0031] A polymer dispersant for dyes is prepared through reversible addition-fragmentation chain polymerization. Molecular weight uniformity is first ensured by controlling molecular weight distribution, precisely controlling the compatibility structure. Microwave drying is also employed to prevent chain segment collapse and maintain a hyperbranched structure. A core layer of styrene / methyl methacrylate / pentaerythritol tetraacrylate is designed to construct a branched backbone, providing anchoring and load. Acrylic acid-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid / hydrophilic polyether is designed to form a stable double layer and impart functional properties. Divinylbenzene is used as a cross-linking monomer to form a cross-linked network, enhancing rigidity and improving the polymer dispersant's high-temperature tolerance. Precise control of the polymer dispersant's structure is achieved through sequential reactions.

[0032] The disperse red dye is prepared from raw materials, which include 5%-10% of the polymer dispersant, 1%-2% of the auxiliary agent, and the disperse red main dye in an amount of 100% by weight.

[0033] Preferably, the auxiliary agent includes one or more of sodium lignin sulfonate, dispersant MF, and dispersant NNO; further preferably, it includes sodium lignin sulfonate, dispersant MF, and dispersant NNO.

[0034] Preferably, the mass ratio of the sodium lignin sulfonate, the dispersant MF and the dispersant NNO is (1-2): (1-2): 1; more preferably, it is 3:3:2.

[0035] Preferably, the mass ratio of the polymer dispersant to the auxiliary agent is (4-6):1.

[0036] The prepared dye is compounded with a polymeric dispersant and the additives sodium lignin sulfonate, dispersant MF, and dispersant NNO. This can increase the proportion of dye in the disperse red dye formula while ensuring the dispersion and dyeing effects. This may be due to the synergistic and complementary effects between the polymeric dispersant and the additives. First, all four are anionic dispersants. The sulfonic acid group / hydroxyl group provides a negative charge after ionization. After superposition, the surface charge density is significantly increased, thereby increasing the absolute value of the zeta potential and enhancing electrostatic repulsion. Secondly, the long-chain structure of the polymeric dispersant forms an adsorption layer, which dominates the steric hindrance. The rigid molecules of sodium lignin sulfonate fill the gaps and enhance the density of the adsorption layer. The naphthalene ring structures of dispersants MF and dispersant NNO are adsorbed through hydrophobic interactions, reducing interfacial tension. Finally, the polymeric dispersant anchors the dye surface through hydrophobic segments such as styrene. Dispersants MF and dispersant NNO adsorb naphthalene rings through π-π interactions, quickly covering exposed sites. Sodium lignin sulfonate forms a hydrogen bond network through multiple hydroxyl groups, improving high-temperature stability. Polymer dispersants and additives work together through charge superposition effect, steric complementarity and adsorption mechanism to greatly improve the dispersion effect and stability of dyes, thereby reducing the amount of other components except dyes while ensuring the dyeing effect and dyeing fastness, thereby improving the dyeing intensity.

[0037] Preferably, the disperse red main dye includes at least two or more of Disperse Red 343, Disperse Red 3703, Disperse Ruby ALK, Disperse Red BS (152#), Solvent Yellow 114, Disperse Red 60, Disperse Red 362, and Disperse Red 146.

[0038] The preparation method of the disperse red dye comprises the following steps: adding deionized water to the raw materials, sand-milling and dispersing the raw materials, and then spray-drying the raw materials to obtain the disperse red dye.

[0039] Preferably, the amount of deionized water added is 45%-55% of the total mass of the raw materials.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention provides a polymer dispersant for dyes. A new polymer dispersant for dyes is prepared by molecular design and process optimization, which significantly improves the dispersion performance and stability of disperse red dyes, and at the same time improves the dyeing effect, which is of great significance to promoting the development of the dye industry.

[0041] 2. The present invention can improve the dispersion effect, dyeing strength and temperature resistance by selecting styrene and methyl methacrylate as the main monomers of the polymer dispersant.

[0042] 3. The present invention can improve the dye uptake and color fastness by selecting specific functional monomers to compound with the main monomers.

[0043] 4. The present invention can enhance the adsorption capacity of the dispersant and thus enhance the dye strength and sublimation fastness by selecting a specific hyperbranched monomer as one of the raw materials.

[0044] 5. The present invention selects EO / PO block polyethers with specific molecular weights and HLB values ​​as the raw materials for the hydrophilicity-adjusting monomers, achieving a balanced hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity, making it suitable for disperse red dyes. Furthermore, glycidyl methacrylate is used to modify the block polyethers, allowing the modified block polyethers to participate in copolymerization to form a stable hydration layer, lubricate the particle surface, and improve particle dispersibility.

[0045] 6. The present invention can increase the proportion of dye in the disperse red dye formula while ensuring the dispersion effect and dyeing effect by compounding the prepared dye with a polymer dispersant and auxiliary agents sodium lignin sulfonate, dispersant MF, and dispersant NNO. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] The raw materials used in the present invention are all commercially available, specifically: Propylene glycol block polyether, with a relative molecular weight of 5500-6000, a viscosity of 300-400 cP at 60°C, an ethylene oxide to polyether polyol feed ratio of 40:70, and an HLB value of 7-9, is available from Merck Chemicals, Pluronic® P-123.

[0048] Example 1 This embodiment provides a polymer dispersant for dyes, the raw materials for its preparation, by weight, include 20 parts of main monomer, 15 parts of functional monomer, 5 parts of hyperbranched monomer, 0.2 parts of cross-linking monomer, 10 parts of hydrophilic adjustment monomer, 0.15 parts of initiator, 0.4 parts of chain transfer agent, and 100 parts of solvent.

[0049] The main monomers are styrene and methyl methacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:2.

[0050] The functional monomer is acrylic acid-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.

[0051] The hyperbranched monomer is pentaerythritol tetraacrylate.

[0052] The cross-linking monomer is divinylbenzene.

[0053] The preparation method of the hydrophilicity regulating monomer comprises the following steps: under a nitrogen atmosphere, uniformly stirring the block polyether, glycidyl methacrylate, a catalyst and an organic solvent at 60° C., heating to 80° C., reacting for 6.5 hours, cooling to 40° C., adding a polymerization inhibitor, and rotary evaporating to remove the organic solvent to obtain the hydrophilicity regulating monomer.

[0054] The block polyether is propylene glycol block polyether.

[0055] The molar ratio of the block polyether to glycidyl methacrylate is 1:3.

[0056] The catalyst is tetrabutylammonium bromide, and the added amount is 1.5% of the mass of the block polyether.

[0057] The organic solvent is toluene; the liquid-to-solid ratio of the organic solvent to the block polyether is 2 mL:1 g.

[0058] The polymerization inhibitor is hydroquinone, and the added amount is 0.04% of the mass of the block polyether.

[0059] The initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile.

[0060] The chain transfer agent is 4-cyanopentanoic acid dithiobenzoate.

[0061] The solvent is an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 30%.

[0062] The preparation method of the polymer dispersant for dyes comprises the following steps: S1. Core preparation: Dissolve the hyperbranched monomer, methyl methacrylate, half of the styrene, and the chain transfer agent in a solvent. Heat to 70°C under a nitrogen atmosphere, add two-thirds of the initiator, and react for more than 5 hours until the PDI reaches 1.1. S2, Shell grafting: Cool the system obtained in step S1 to 60°C, add the functional monomer, hydrophilicity adjustment monomer and the remaining initiator dropwise, and react for 4 hours; S3, cross-linking strengthening: add cross-linking monomer and remaining styrene to the system obtained in step S2, heat to 80°C, react for 2.5 hours, adjust the pH value of the system to 8.5, then adjust to neutral, centrifuge, wash with ethanol three times, and microwave dry to obtain.

[0063] The specific conditions of the microwave drying are: power 400W, time 4 minutes.

[0064] The disperse red dye is prepared from raw materials, which include 8% of the polymer dispersant, 1.6% of the auxiliary agent, and the disperse red main dye in an amount of 100% by weight.

[0065] The auxiliary agents are sodium lignin sulfonate, dispersant MF and dispersant NNO, with a mass ratio of 3:3:2.

[0066] The disperse red main dyes are disperse red 343, disperse red 3703, and disperse ruby ​​ALK, with a mass ratio of 4:3:3.

[0067] The preparation method of the disperse red dye comprises the following steps: adding deionized water to the raw materials, sand-milling and dispersing the raw materials, and then spray-drying the raw materials to obtain the disperse red dye.

[0068] The added amount of the deionized water is 50% of the total mass of the raw materials.

[0069] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the raw materials for preparing the disperse red dye include, by weight percentage, 9% of the polymer dispersant, 1.5% of the auxiliary agent, and the disperse red main dye supplemented to a balance of 100%.

[0070] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the main monomer is methyl methacrylate.

[0071] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the raw materials for preparing the polymer dispersant for dyes include, by weight, 20 parts of main monomer, 5 parts of hyperbranched monomer, 0.2 parts of cross-linking monomer, 10 parts of hydrophilic regulating monomer, 0.15 parts of initiator, 0.4 parts of chain transfer agent, and 100 parts of solvent.

[0072] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the raw materials for preparing the polymer dispersant for dyes include, by weight, 20 parts of main monomer, 15 parts of functional monomer, 0.2 parts of cross-linking monomer, 10 parts of hydrophilic regulating monomer, 0.15 parts of initiator, 0.4 parts of chain transfer agent, and 100 parts of solvent.

[0073] Comparative Example 4 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the hydrophilicity regulating monomer is a block polyether.

[0074] Comparative Example 5 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is: S3, cross-linking strengthening: add the cross-linking monomer and the remaining styrene to the system obtained in step S2, raise the temperature to 80°C, react for 2.5 hours, adjust the pH value of the system to 8.5, then adjust to neutral, centrifuge, wash with ethanol three times, and dry at 80°C for 24 hours to obtain.

[0075] Comparative Example 6 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the disperse red dye, the raw materials for its preparation, include 8% of the polymer dispersant by weight, and the disperse red main dye is supplemented to make up the balance to 100%.

[0076] Comparative Example 7 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the disperse red dye, the raw materials for its preparation, include 8% of the polymer dispersant, 3% of the auxiliary agent, and the disperse red main dye is supplemented to make up the balance to 100% by weight.

[0077] Performance Testing ①Dispersion and stability test Take 1g of disperse red dye and dilute it 2500 times with deionized water. Test the surface Zeta potential of the dye particles immediately at room temperature and after 90 days. The unit is mV.

[0078] ②Dyeing performance test Prepare a 1% disperse red dye suspension with water. Pipette 20 mL of the disperse red dye suspension and mix it with 80 mL of water. Adjust the pH of the dye bath to 5 with acetic acid. Then heat it to 60°C and add 2 g of polyester fiber for high-temperature and high-pressure dyeing. Heat it to 130°C within 35 minutes, keep it warm for 45 minutes, and cool it to 80°C.

[0079] Dyeing depth (K / S) test: Refer to GB / T 8424.2-2001 to measure the reflectivity (R) of dyed fabrics and calculate K / S = (1-R 2 ) / 2R.

[0080] Dye uptake test: Refer to GB / T 2391-2014 to measure the dye uptake.

[0081] Color fastness to washing (high temperature conditions) test: Refer to GB / T 3921-2008 Method 5, wash at 95℃ for 4 hours, and rate after drying, 1-5, with 5 being the best.

[0082] Sublimation color fastness (180℃) test: refer to GB / T 5718-1997 to measure its 180℃ sublimation color fastness.

[0083] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0084] Table 1 Measurement results

[0085] According to the above data, the disperse red dye prepared by Examples 1-2 of the present invention has a high charge density, excellent dispersibility and dispersion stability, good dyeing effect, high dyeing depth and dye uptake, and high color fastness to washing and sublimation at high temperature. Comparative Example 1 does not add styrene; Comparative Example 2 does not add a functional monomer; Comparative Example 3 does not add a hyperbranched monomer; Comparative Example 4 does not modify the block polyether, resulting in its inability to participate in the copolymerization reaction; Comparative Example 5 adopts drying instead of microwave drying; Comparative Example 6 does not add an auxiliary agent; Comparative Example 7 adds excessive auxiliary agents, which will affect the dispersing effect and dyeing effect of the disperse red dye to varying degrees. Therefore, the use of the raw materials and methods described in this application not only significantly improves the dispersion performance and stability of the disperse red dye, but also improves the dyeing effect, which is of great significance to promoting the development of the dye industry.

[0086] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polymer dispersant for dyes, characterized in that: The raw materials for its preparation include, by weight, 15-25 parts of a main monomer, 12-18 parts of a functional monomer, 3-6 parts of a hyperbranched monomer, 0.1-0.3 parts of a cross-linking monomer, 8-12 parts of a hydrophilic adjustment monomer, 0.1-0.2 parts of an initiator, 0.3-0.6 parts of a chain transfer agent, and 95-105 parts of a solvent; the main monomer includes styrene and methyl methacrylate; the functional monomer includes acrylic acid-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid; and the hyperbranched monomer includes pentaerythritol tetraacrylate.

2. The polymer dispersant for dyes according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of styrene to methyl methacrylate is 1:(1-3).

3. The polymer dispersant for dyes according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the functional monomer to the main monomer is 1:(1-1.5).

4. The polymer dispersant for dyes according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the hyperbranched monomer to the main monomer is 1:(4-6).

5. The polymer dispersant for dyes according to claim 1, characterized in that The crosslinking monomer includes divinylbenzene.

6. The polymer dispersant for dyes according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the hydrophilicity regulating monomer comprises the following steps: under a nitrogen atmosphere, uniformly stirring a block polyether, glycidyl methacrylate, a catalyst and an organic solvent at 58-62° C., heating to 78-82° C., reacting for 6-7 hours, cooling to 40° C., adding a polymerization inhibitor, and rotary evaporating to remove the organic solvent to obtain the hydrophilicity regulating monomer.

7. The polymer dispersant for dyes according to claim 6, characterized in that The block polyether is propylene glycol block polyether, has a relative molecular mass of 5500-6000, a viscosity of 300-400 cP at 60° C., a feed ratio of ethylene oxide to polyether polyol of 40:70, and an HLB value of 7-9.

8. The polymer dispersant for dyes according to claim 7, characterized in that The molar ratio of the block polyether to glycidyl methacrylate is 1:(2-4).

9. A method for preparing a polymer dispersant for dyes according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Core preparation: Dissolve the hyperbranched monomer, methyl methacrylate, half of the styrene, and the chain transfer agent in a solvent. Heat the mixture to 68-72°C under a nitrogen atmosphere, add two-thirds of the initiator, and react for more than 5 hours until the PDI reaches 1-1.

2. S2, Shell grafting: Cool the system obtained in step S1 to 60°C, add the functional monomer, hydrophilicity adjustment monomer and the remaining initiator dropwise, and react for 3-5 hours; S3, cross-linking strengthening: add cross-linking monomer and remaining styrene to the system obtained in step S2, raise the temperature to 78-82°C, react for 2-3 hours, adjust the pH value of the system to 8-9, then adjust to neutral, centrifuge, wash with ethanol 2-3 times, and microwave dry to obtain.

10. A disperse red dye, characterized in that The raw materials for its preparation include, by weight percentage, 5%-10% of the polymer dispersant for dyes according to any one of claims 1 to 8, 1%-2% of an auxiliary agent, and disperse red main dye supplemented to 100%.

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